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Mott insulator of ultracold alkaline-earth-metal-like atoms
The transition from a superfluid to a Mott-insulator (MI) phase has been observed in a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) of ytterbium (Yb) atoms in an optical lattice. An all-optically produced BEC of $^{174}\text{Y}\text{b}$ atoms was loaded into three-dimensional optical lattices produced by a 532 nm laser beam. The interference pattern was …