The FIP and Inverse FIP Effects in Solar and Stellar Coronae
The FIP and Inverse FIP Effects in Solar and Stellar Coronae
We review our state of knowledge of coronal element abundance anomalies in the Sun and stars. We concentrate on the first ionization potential (FIP) effect observed in the solar corona and slow-speed wind, and in the coronae of solar-like dwarf stars, and the “inverse FIP” effect seen in the corona …