Formation of the first stars

Abstract

Formation of the First Black Holes, pp. 67-97 (2019) No AccessChapter 4: Formation of the first starsRalf KlessenRalf KlessenInstitut für Theoretische Astrophysik, Albert-Ueberle-Str. 2, 69120, Heidelberg, Germanyhttps://doi.org/10.1142/9789813227958_0004Cited by:10 PreviousNext AboutSectionsPDF/EPUB ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsRecommend to Library ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Abstract: From studying the cosmic microwave background, we know our Universe started out very simple. It was by and large homogeneous and isotropic, with small fluctuations that can be described by linear perturbation theory. In stark contrast, the Universe today is highly structured on a vast range of length and mass scales. In the evolution towards increasing complexity, the formation of the first stars marks a primary transition event. The first generation of stars, the so-called Population III (or Pop. III) build up from truly metal-free primordial gas. They have long been thought to live short, solitary lives, with only one massive star forming per halo. However, in recent years this simple picture has undergone substantial revision, and we now understand that stellar birth in the early Universe is subject to the same complexity as star formation at present day. In this chapter, I review the current state of the field. I begin by introducing the basic concepts of star-formation theory and by discussing the typical environment in which Pop. III stars are thought to form. Then I argue that the accretion disk that builds up in the center of a halo is likely to fragment, resulting in the formation of a cluster of stars with a wide range of masses, and I speculate about how this process may be influenced by stellar feedback, the presence of magnetic fields, the energy input from dark matter annihilation, and the occurrence of large-scale streaming velocities between baryons and dark matter. Finally, I discuss direct and indirect constraints on Pop. III star formation from high-redshift observations and from the search for extremely metal-poor stars in the Milky Way and its satellites. FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited By 10Analytic Approximations for the Velocity Suppression of Dark Matter CaptureCosmin Ilie and Jillian Paulin14 June 2022 | The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 932, No. 1Singularities in the gravitational capture of dark matter through long-range interactionsCristian Gaidau and Jessie Shelton10 January 2022 | Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, Vol. 2022, No. 01When did the initial mass function become bottom-heavy?Piyush Sharda and Mark R Krumholz9 October 2021 | Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 509, No. 2Gravitational fragmentation of extremely metal-poor circumstellar discsKazuhiro Shima and Takashi Hosokawa18 October 2021 | Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 508, No. 4The influence of streaming velocities and Lyman–Werner radiation on the formation of the first starsAnna T P Schauer, Simon C O Glover, Ralf S Klessen and Paul Clark22 July 2021 | Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 507, No. 2Magnetic field amplification in accretion discs around the first stars: implications for the primordial IMFPiyush Sharda, Christoph Federrath, Mark R Krumholz and Dominik R G Schleicher25 February 2021 | Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 503, No. 2The impact of non-Gaussianity on the Epoch of Reionization parameter forecast using 21-cm power-spectrum measurementsAbinash Kumar Shaw, Somnath Bharadwaj and Rajesh Mondal17 July 2020 | Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 498, No. 1The importance of magnetic fields for the initial mass function of the first starsPiyush Sharda, Christoph Federrath and Mark R Krumholz6 July 2020 | Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 497, No. 1The Physics of Star Cluster Formation and EvolutionMartin G. H. Krause, Stella S. R. Offner, Corinne Charbonnel, Mark Gieles and Ralf S. Klessen et al.2 June 2020 | Space Science Reviews, Vol. 216, No. 4The Role of Magnetic Fields in Setting the Star Formation Rate and the Initial Mass FunctionMark R. Krumholz and Christoph Federrath20 February 2019 | Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences, Vol. 6 Formation of the First Black HolesMetrics History PDF download

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