Tailoring photonic entanglement in high-dimensional Hilbert spaces

Hugues de Riedmatten, I. Marcikic, Valerio Scarani, Wolfgang Tittel, Hugo Zbinden, Nicolas Gisin

Abstract

We present an experiment where two photonic systems of arbitrary dimensions can be entangled. The method is based on spontaneous parametric down conversion with trains of d pump pulses with a fixed phase relation, generated by a mode-locked laser. This leads to a photon pair created in a coherent superposition of $d$ discrete emission times, given by the successive laser pulses. Entanglement is shown by performing a two-photon interference experiment and by observing the visibility of the interference fringes increasing as a function of the dimension d. Factors limiting the visibility, such as the presence of multiple pairs in one train, are discussed.

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