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Environmental Science › Ecology

Plant Ecology and Soil Science

Works Count: 41704

Description

This cluster of papers focuses on the analysis of land cover, ecosystems, water resources, soil properties, and biodiversity. It includes studies on forest management, climate change impacts, remote sensing techniques, and sustainable development in various regions across the globe.

Keywords

Land Cover; Ecosystem; Water Resources; Soil Properties; Forest Management; Biodiversity; Climate Change; Remote Sensing; Vegetation Analysis; Sustainable Development

Biodiversity and ecosystem functioning : synthesis and perspectives

2002-01-01
Michel Loreau , Shahid Naeem , Pablo Inchausti
1. BIODIVERSITY AND ECOSYSTEM FUNCTIONING: THE EMERGENCE OF A SYNTHETIC FRAMEWORK 3. PLANT DIVERSITY AND COMPOSITION: EFFECTS ON PRODUCTIVITY AND NUTRIENT DYNAMICS OF EXPERIMENTAL GRASSLANDS 7. A NEW LOOK AT … 1. BIODIVERSITY AND ECOSYSTEM FUNCTIONING: THE EMERGENCE OF A SYNTHETIC FRAMEWORK 3. PLANT DIVERSITY AND COMPOSITION: EFFECTS ON PRODUCTIVITY AND NUTRIENT DYNAMICS OF EXPERIMENTAL GRASSLANDS 7. A NEW LOOK AT THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STABILITY AND DIVERSITY 11. CONTRIBUTIONS OF AQUATIC MODEL SYSTEMS TO OUR UNDERSTANDING OF BIODIVERSITY AND ECOSYSTEM FUNCTIONING 17. SPECIES DIVERSITY, FUNCTIONAL DIVERSITY AND ECOSYSTEM FUNCTIONING 20. PERSPECTIVES AND CHALLENGES

The soil resource. Origin and behavior

1984-11-01
Hans Jenny

Soils and Environmental Quality

2005-05-02
Gary M. Pierzynski , George F. Vance , Thomas J. Sims
Aperpetual bestseller, this third edition remains the obvious choice for those instructors who strive to make their teaching applicable to contemporary issues. The three authors, all teaching professors distinguished in … Aperpetual bestseller, this third edition remains the obvious choice for those instructors who strive to make their teaching applicable to contemporary issues. The three authors, all teaching professors distinguished in soil science, have updated this student favorite to include a greater number of even more relevant topics. Responding to reques

Quantitative Methods in Landscape Ecology

1991-01-01
Monica G. Turner , Robert H. Gardner

Aims and Methods of Vegetation Ecology

1976-01-01
A. W. Küchler , Dieter Mueller‐Dombois , Heinz Ellenberg
Aims and methods of vegetation ecology , Aims and methods of vegetation ecology , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی Aims and methods of vegetation ecology , Aims and methods of vegetation ecology , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی

Ecological climatology: concepts and applications

2003-03-01
Gordon B. Bonan
The third edition of Gordon Bonan's comprehensive textbook introduces an interdisciplinary framework to understand the interaction between terrestrial ecosystems and climate change. Ideal for advanced undergraduate and graduate students studying … The third edition of Gordon Bonan's comprehensive textbook introduces an interdisciplinary framework to understand the interaction between terrestrial ecosystems and climate change. Ideal for advanced undergraduate and graduate students studying ecology, environmental science, atmospheric science, and geography, it reviews basic meteorological, hydrological, and ecological concepts to examine the physical, chemical, and biological processes by which terrestrial ecosystems affect and are affected by climate. This new edition has been thoroughly updated with new science and references. The scope has been expanded beyond its initial focus on energy, water, and carbon to include reactive gases and aerosols in the atmosphere. The new edition emphasizes the Earth as a system, recognizing interconnections among the planet's physical, chemical, biological, and socioeconomic components, and emphasizing global environmental sustainability. Each chapter contains chapter summaries and review questions, and with over 400 illustrations, including many in color, this textbook will once again be an essential student guide.

An introduction to quantitative ecology

1974-01-01
Robert W. Poole
An introduction to quantitative ecology , An introduction to quantitative ecology , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی An introduction to quantitative ecology , An introduction to quantitative ecology , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی

Plant growth substances 1979:

1982-01-01
Jeffrey B. Harborne

Decomposition in Terrestrial Ecosystems

1979-12-31
M. J. Swift , O. W. Heal , J. M. Anderson

Effects of plant species on nutrient cycling

1992-10-01
Sarah E. Hobbie

Quantitative and Dynamic Plant Ecology.

1986-03-01
John Etherington , K. A. Kershaw , John Henry H. Looney
Quantitative and dynamic plant ecology , Quantitative and dynamic plant ecology , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی Quantitative and dynamic plant ecology , Quantitative and dynamic plant ecology , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی

Plant Strategies, Vegetation Processes, and Ecosystem Properties

2002-10-01
David Aplin

Changes in Land Use and Land Cover: A Global Perspective.

1995-07-01
Jonathan A. Newman , William B. Meyer , B. L. Turner
Part I. Introduction: 1. Global land-use and land-cover change: an overview Part II. Working Group Reports: 2. A wiring diagram for the study of land use/cover change: Report of Working … Part I. Introduction: 1. Global land-use and land-cover change: an overview Part II. Working Group Reports: 2. A wiring diagram for the study of land use/cover change: Report of Working Group A 3. Towards a typology and regionalization of land-cover and land-use change: Report of Working Group B 4. Land-use and land-cover projections: Report of Working Group C Part III. Changes in Land Use and Land Cover: 5. Forests and tree cover 6. Grasslands 7. Human settlements Part IV. Environmental Consequences: 8. Atmospheric chemistry and air quality 9. Soils 10. Hydrology and water quality Part V. Human Driving Forces: 11. Population and income 12. Technology 13. Political-economic institutions 14. Culture and cultural change Part VI. Issues In Data and Modeling: 15. Modeling land-atmosphere interactions: a short review 16. Modeling global change in an integrated framework: a view from the social sciences 17. Data on global land-cover change: acquisition, assessment, and analysis Appendices Index.

The Study of Plant Structure: Principles and Selected Methods

1982-11-01
Rudolf Schmid , T. P. O’Brien , M. E. McCully
The study of plant structure principles and selected methods , The study of plant structure principles and selected methods , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی The study of plant structure principles and selected methods , The study of plant structure principles and selected methods , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی

Principles of Pollination Ecology

1979-01-01
Knut Fægri , Leendert van der Pijl

Climate effects on mountain plants

1994-06-01
Georg Grabherr , Michael D. Gottfried , Harald Pauli
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Toward remote sensing methods for land cover dynamic monitoring: Application to Morocco

2000-01-01
José A. Sobrino , Naoufal Raissouni
An extensive remotely sensed dataset recently available to the scientific community, The Global Land 1-km AVHRR Project, has been used to examine the possibilities of multi-temporal imagery for mapping and … An extensive remotely sensed dataset recently available to the scientific community, The Global Land 1-km AVHRR Project, has been used to examine the possibilities of multi-temporal imagery for mapping and monitoring changes in the biophysical characteristics of land cover. Our goal was to investigate the regional response of the soil-vegetation system to climate in arid zones. We addressed this problemby applying theoretical models to obtain parameters such as Land Surface Temperature (LST) and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) from satellite data and by analysing the spatial-temporal dynamics of these parameters. Morocco was selected as the area of study due to its high environmental diversity. This area is also clearly affected by the risk of the advance of the desert. Using The Global Land 1-km AVHRR Project dataset, two methodologies are proposed for the monitoring of land cover dynamics in different areas of interest defined using as mapping criteria the Annual Average of NDVI (AANDVI): (1) The Method of the Area of the Triangle (MAT), based on a form described by the annual evolution of LST and NDVI in each area; (2) the Method of the Slope, which analyses the slope of the line defined by the months of the maximum NDVI and the minimum LST.

Biogeochemistry of a forested ecosystem

2014-06-18
E Gene Likens
Biogeochemistry of a forested ecosystem , Biogeochemistry of a forested ecosystem , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی Biogeochemistry of a forested ecosystem , Biogeochemistry of a forested ecosystem , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی

Text book of Pollen analysis

1990-01-01
Henriette Méon

Ecology and Field Biology

1966-01-01
Margaret M. Nice , Robert Leo Smith
Ecology and field biology , Ecology and field biology , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی Ecology and field biology , Ecology and field biology , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی

Methods of Analysis for Soils, Plants and Waters

1962-01-01
HOMER D. CHAPMAN , P. F. Pratt
Methods of analysis for soils plants and waters , Methods of analysis for soils plants and waters , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی Methods of analysis for soils plants and waters , Methods of analysis for soils plants and waters , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی

Plant‐Water Relationships

1968-11-01
D. B. Peters

Plant Strategies, Vegetation Processes, and Ecosystem Properties

2001-09-01
B. Saugier

Land-use and land-cover change. Science/research plan

1995-01-01
B. L. Turner , David L. Skole , Susan R. Walsh Sanderson +3 more

EFFECT OF THE RELATIVE LENGTH OF DAY AND NIGHT AND OTHER FACTORS OF THE ENVIRONMENT ON GROWTH AND REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS<sup>1</sup>

1920-07-01
W. W. Garner , H. A. Allard

Terrestrial Ecosystems Through Time

1993-07-01
David D. Bartley , Anna K. Behrensmeyer , John Damuth +4 more

The Vegetation of Ultramafic (Serpentine) Soils.

1994-06-01
S. R. J. Woodell , Alan J. M. Baker , J. Proctor +1 more

Factors of Soil Formation

1942-01-01
John W. Reith , Hans Jenny

Data Analysis in Community and Landscape Ecology.

1990-03-01
R. H. Green , R.H.G. Jongman , Cajo J. F. ter Braak +1 more
Bibliographical notes 26 2.9 Exercise 2.10 Solution to the exercise 27 /f 5 .~\Ordination 91 < \5Jr--/ Introduction 91 §-l-J) Aim and usage 91 \T^Z Data approximation and response models … Bibliographical notes 26 2.9 Exercise 2.10 Solution to the exercise 27 /f 5 .~\Ordination 91 < \5Jr--/ Introduction 91 §-l-J) Aim and usage 91 \T^Z Data approximation and response models in ordination 93 5.1.3Outline of Chapter 5 5.2 Correspondence analysis (CA) and detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) 95 5.2.1 From weighted averaging to correspondence analysis 95 5.2.2 Two-way weighted averaging algorithm 5.2.3 Diagonal structures: properties and faults of correspondence analysis 103 5,2.4/Detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) 5727$/ Joint plot of species and sites 108 5.2.6 Block structures and sensitivity to rare species 109 5.2.7 Gaussian ordination and its relation with CA and DCA 110 5.3_ Principal components analysis (PCA) QJJJ) From least-squares regression to principal components analysis 116 5.3.2Two-way weighted summation algorithm 5 J,3 Best lines and planes in m-dimensional space 125 ^5.3^) Biplot of species and site scores 127 5.3.5 Data transformation 130 5.3.6 R-mode and Q-mode algorithms ( §A) Interpretation of ordination with external data 132 5.5 Canonical ordination 136 5.5.1 Introduction 136 5.5.2Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) 5.5.3Redundancy analysis (RDA) 144 5.5.4Canonical correlation analysis (COR) 5.5.5 Canonical variate analysis (CVA) 5.5.6 Interpreting canonical axes 150 5.5.7 Data transformation 151 5.6 Multidimensional scaling 151 5.7 Evaluation of direct gradient and indirect gradient analysis techniques 153 5.8 Bibliographic notes 156 5.9Ordination methods in terms of matrix algebra 158 5.9.1 Principal components analysis (PCA) 5.9.2 Correspondence analysis (CA) 160 5.9.3 Canonical correllation analysis (COR) 5.9.4 Redundancy analysis (RDA) 163 5.9.5 Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) 5.10 Exercises 165 5.11 Solutions to exercises 169 6 Cluster analysis
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Plants and Microclimate.

1994-09-01
J. W. Bradbeer , H. G. Jones

Comparative Plant Ecology

1988-01-01
J. P. Grime , John Hodgson , Roderick Hunt

Boundary Layer Climates

1979-10-01
John E. Oliver , T. R. Oke

Photosynthesis and productivity in different environments

1976-09-01
F.Th. Ledig

Vegetation and the atmosphere

1976-09-01
Gene Evans

Terrestrial Plant Ecology

1988-05-01
Roger Rosentreter , Michael G. Barbour , Jack H. Burk +1 more

Soils and the greenhouse effect

1991-08-01
G. Stanhill

Data Analysis in Community and Landscape Ecology.

1988-12-01
M. O. Hill , R.H.G. Jongman , Cajo J. F. ter Braak +1 more

COMMONWEALTH FORESTRY REVIEW

1977-01-01

Biodiversity and Ecosystem Function.

1994-12-01
J. Hodgson , E.-D. Schulze , H. A. Mooney

Factors of Soil Formation, a System of Quantitative Pedology

1941-09-01
R. C. C.

Soil Respiration and the Environment

2006-01-01
Yiqi Luo , Xuhui Zhou

Principles and methods in landscape ecology

2006-01-01
Almo Farina

Forest types and their significance

1949-01-01
Åsa Cajander
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Çankırı Orman Fakültesi Araştırma Ormanında iklim sınıflandırma yöntemlerinin karşılaştırılması ve mekânsal dağılım analizi

2025-06-24
Semih Ediş , Servet Pehlivan | Anadolu Orman Araştırmaları Dergisi
Giriş ve Hedefler Bu çalışma, Çankırı Orman Fakültesi Araştırma Ormanı’nda farklı iklim sınıflandırma yöntemleri kullanılarak iklim tiplerinin belirlenmesini ve bu tiplerin mekânsal dağılımlarının analiz edilmesini amaçlamaktadır. Araştırma ormanlarında iklimsel farklılıkların … Giriş ve Hedefler Bu çalışma, Çankırı Orman Fakültesi Araştırma Ormanı’nda farklı iklim sınıflandırma yöntemleri kullanılarak iklim tiplerinin belirlenmesini ve bu tiplerin mekânsal dağılımlarının analiz edilmesini amaçlamaktadır. Araştırma ormanlarında iklimsel farklılıkların tespiti; su dengesi, toprak nemi ve ekosistem dayanıklılığı gibi orman ekosistem süreçlerinin sürdürülebilir şekilde yönetilmesi açısından büyük önem taşımaktadır. Yöntemler Çalışmada Thornthwaite, Erinç, Aydeniz, Köppen, Trewartha ve De Martonne sınıflandırma yöntemleri uygulanarak, araştırma ormanına ait iklim tipleri belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen sınıflandırma sonuçları, Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri (CBS) ve jeoistatistiksel modelleme teknikleri (özellikle ordinary kriging) kullanılarak mekânsal olarak haritalanmıştır. Bulgular Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, araştırma ormanının kuzeybatı ve güneybatı kesimlerinde su açığının belirgin olduğu yarı kurak–az nemli iklim tipleri; merkez ve doğu kesimlerinde ise su fazlasının sürdüğü yarı nemli iklim tipleri hâkimdir. Thornthwaite ve Erinç yöntemleri, su dengesi açısından duyarlı bölgelerin tespiti konusunda öne çıkarken; Trewartha sınıflaması, yüksek rakımlı bölgelerde kar örtüsü ve su tutma kapasitesine yönelik potansiyeli belirlemede etkili olmuştur. Aydeniz ve De Martonne yöntemleri ise mikroklimatik geçiş zonlarını başarılı biçimde yansıtmıştır. Sonuçlar Araştırma ormanında belirlenen iklimsel farklılıkların, orman ekosistemlerinin su tutma kapasitesi, toprak nem durumu ve büyüme periyotları üzerinde doğrudan etkili olduğu görülmüştür. Bu bağlamda, yarı kurak alanlarda su açığı riskine karşı silvikültürel müdahalelerin artırılması; yarı nemli alanlarda ise toprak neminin korunması ve su tutma kapasitesinin yükseltilmesine yönelik ormancılık uygulamalarının güçlendirilmesi önerilmektedir.

Impact of precipitation levels on vegetation in ecologically fragile karst areas in the Guangxi (China) karst region

2025-06-23
Mingzhi Li , Ying Xie , Yanli Chen +2 more | PeerJ
To investigate the distribution pattern of regional rainstorm disasters and their impact on vegetation in karst regions of Guangxi, two vegetation parameters, fractional vegetation cover (FVC) and net primary productivity … To investigate the distribution pattern of regional rainstorm disasters and their impact on vegetation in karst regions of Guangxi, two vegetation parameters, fractional vegetation cover (FVC) and net primary productivity (NPP), are selected to analyze the spatial response characteristics and forest species from five rainfall levels: moderate rainfall, heavy rain, rainstorm, heavy rainstorm and extremely heavy rainstorm). Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), fractional vegetation cover (FVC), and net primary productivity (NPP) are used to analyze the spatial response characteristics of different vegetation remote sensing parameters. The results show that: (1) The effects of extremely heavy rainfall on the NDVI, FVC and NPP of vegetation are significantly greater than those of other types of rainfall; (2) The southwestern and central parts are the concentration areas of high negative impacts of extremely heavy rainfall and heavy rainfall on the remote sensing indices of vegetation; (3) Different levels of rainfall have a great negative effect on NDVI and FVC in economic and broadleaf forests, while eucalyptus forests have a less effect. The results indicate that vegetation protection should be carried out in a concentrated manner based on geographical and species-specific differences, especially in areas with high incidence of extremely heavy rainfall and regions dominated by economical value and vegetation types. This study can provide a scientific basis for improving the management of rocky desertification and assessing the impact of rainstorm disaster on vegetation in karst regions of Guangxi.

Seasonal and interannual variations of soil heterotrophic respiration and autotrophic respiration in subtropical forests of southeast China: independent process-based models

2025-06-21
Yibo Yan , Xiujun Wang , Georg Wohlfahrt +1 more | Geoscience Letters
Soil respiration consists of two distinctive components: heterotrophic respiration (decomposition of soil organic matter) and autotrophic respiration (CO2 production from root system), which are driven by different factors. However, the … Soil respiration consists of two distinctive components: heterotrophic respiration (decomposition of soil organic matter) and autotrophic respiration (CO2 production from root system), which are driven by different factors. However, the absence of process-based independent models for the two components hampers our ability to accurately quantify and understand the key carbon sources on land. Here, we used observational data to develop independent models for both soil heterotrophic and autotrophic respiration in the subtropical forests of southeast China, and validated the models using independent field data. Applying the validated models, we estimated both soil heterotrophic respiration and autotrophic respiration at three forest sites over 2002-2022. Our results showed higher annual rates of heterotrophic respiration (0.8-1.6 g C m-2 day-1) than autotrophic respiration (0.5-0.8 g C m-2 day-1). There was significant seasonality and inter-annual variability in both components, with larger variations in autotrophic respiration. The inter-annual variation was strongest in the winter season for both two respiration components. We found a significant (p < 0.01) increasing trend in autotrophic respiration (with a slope of 2.0-6.0 g C m-2 year-2) but not in heterotrophic respiration over 2002-2022. There was also a significant increasing trend in total soil respiration (3.4-6.2 g C m-2 year-2 for slopes), indicating an increasing role of autotrophic respiration. Our results reveal the dynamic nature of soil heterotrophic respiration and autotrophic respiration and their differing responses to environmental changes, emphasizing the need for independent models to improve the understanding of soil CO2 sources in a changing climate. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40562-025-00399-1.

Monocropping Degrades Soil Quality Index and Soil Multifunctionality Compared to Natural Grasslands and Restored Shrubland in China’s Qilian Mountains (Based on Single-Year Sampling)

2025-06-16
L P Zhang , Shaochong Wei , Xiang Hang +1 more | Agronomy
As the ecological security barrier in northwestern China, understanding how natural grassland (NG) utilization pattern transformation in the northern Qilian foothills affects soil quality and ecosystem multifunctionality supports regional ecosystem … As the ecological security barrier in northwestern China, understanding how natural grassland (NG) utilization pattern transformation in the northern Qilian foothills affects soil quality and ecosystem multifunctionality supports regional ecosystem management. The study compared soil chemical and biological properties, soil quality index (SQI), and soil ecosystem multifunctionality (SMF) among four grassland utilization patterns in the northern foothills of the Qilian Mountains, Gansu Province, China. Soil samples were collected in early October 2024 following crop harvest from the following systems: traditionally grazed NG, monocropping Hordeum vulgare (barley; MHV), monocropping Avena sativa (oat; MAS), and Hippophae rhamnoides shrubland (sea buckthorn; HRS). The results showed that compared with NG, SQI was decreased by 52.69% (p = 0.000059) under MHV treatment and by 18.78% (p = 0.03) under MAS treatment, while HRS did not have a significant reduction in SQI. Under the three patterns of transformative utilization of NG, SMF followed the order of HRS (0.11) &gt; MAS (−0.06) &gt; MHV (−0.51). Overall, the establishment of restoration vegetation (sea buckthorn shrubland) retained SQI under different grassland utilization patterns in the study area, whereas long-term monocropping resulted in significant reductions in SQI and SMF due to compromised chemical and biological properties.

Altordo düzeyinde sınıflandırılmış topraklarda bitki besin elementleri düzeylerindeki değişimler

2025-06-15
Yakup Kenan KOCA | Toprak Bilimi ve Bitki Besleme Dergisi
Çeşitli faktörler sebebiyle topraklar da farklı fiziksel ve kimyasal özellikler göstermektedir. Farklı toprak çeşitlerini araştırmak üzere yapılan detaylı toprak etüd çalışmalarında, toprakların sahip olduğu ana materyal, yüzey ve yüzey altı … Çeşitli faktörler sebebiyle topraklar da farklı fiziksel ve kimyasal özellikler göstermektedir. Farklı toprak çeşitlerini araştırmak üzere yapılan detaylı toprak etüd çalışmalarında, toprakların sahip olduğu ana materyal, yüzey ve yüzey altı horizonları yanı sıra fiziksel ve kimyasal özelliklerine göre topraklar taksonomik olarak sınıflandırılırlar. Toprak taksonomisi, benzer genetik özelliklere ve ana materyale sahip toprakların sınıflandırılmasını sağlar. Bu çalışmada Adana ili Yumurtalık ilçesinde yeralan toprak serileri taksonomik olarak ele alınmıştır. Her seriye ait toprak profilinden horizon esasına göre örneklemeler yapılmış; horizonların kimi besin element düzeyleri belirlenmiş ve karşılaştırılmıştır. Çalışma alanında ordo düzeyinde Entisol, Inceptisol ve Vertisol topraklar bulunmaktadır. Bu ordolar içerisinde Entisollerin bir alt ordosu olan Psamment olarak tanımlanmış olan toprak serisinin diğer topraklara göre besin element düzeylerinin daha düşük olduğu belirlenmiştir. Buna karşın Xerept ve Xerert alt ordoları içerisinde tanımlanan toprak serileri ise diğer serilere göre yüksek besin elementi içeriğine sahiptirler.

Forest types predominantly regulate soil dissolved organic matter dynamics along an elevational gradient in the Hengduan Mountains

2025-06-14
Yong Bao , Xiuxian Men , Chang Liao +5 more | Journal of Plant Ecology
Abstract Soil dissolved organic matter (DOM) is vital in terrestrial ecosystem carbon (C) cycling; however, the regulatory effects of forest types and elevations on soil DOM dynamics in mountain ecosystems … Abstract Soil dissolved organic matter (DOM) is vital in terrestrial ecosystem carbon (C) cycling; however, the regulatory effects of forest types and elevations on soil DOM dynamics in mountain ecosystems remain incompletely understood. Here, we investigated DOM content, spectroscopic characteristics, molecular traits and their potential drivers along an elevational gradient (2600-3500 m) in the Hengduan Mountains. Our results showed that soil dissolved organic C (DOC) content was higher in broad-leaf forest soil (at 2900 m and 3500 m) than in coniferous forest soil (at 2600 m and 3200 m) irrespective of elevation, with a greater amount in wet season than in dry season. Humification index (HIX) trends aligned with the DOC content, while the aromaticity index (AI) showed an inverse relationship. These patterns were linked to the quality of litter carbon sources. Molecular-level analysis of DOM suggested that lignins/CRAM-like structure compounds and tannins predominated in soil DOM, indicating that the molecular composition of soil DOM was typical of plant-derived sources in our study region. Additionally, the relative abundance of lignin compounds decreased gradually with increasing elevation during the dry season. We detected that soil properties (especially, NH4+-N content) predominantly mediated DOM dynamics in dry season, whereas litter traits (i.e., leaf-DOC content) were the key factors across elevations in wet season. Overall, our results revealed litter traits and soil properties predominantly regulated soil DOM mechanism along elevational gradient, indicating that soil DOM dynamics associated with tree species in alpine mountain ecosystems may differentially influence soil C sequestration under future climate change scenarios.

Afforestation for climate change mitigation: how impactful is China’s fiscal policy?

2025-06-13
Li‐Rong Zheng , Zhili Du , Boqiang Lin | Climate Policy

Effects of vegetation on soil water and heat transport in the Mu Us Sandy Land

2025-06-13
Zhenguo Xing , Jie Fang , Lu Bai +4 more | Environmental Earth Sciences

OBSERVATIONS ON SMALL-SCALE MOVEMENTS AND HABITAT USE OF LUTZ’S STINGRAY (Hypanus berthalutzae) OFF RECIFE, WITH METHOD TAIL TAG ATTACHMENT

2025-06-12
Ilka Branco , André S. Afonso | Oecologia Australis
Acoustic telemetry is a commonly used method to collect presence and small-scale movement data from various aquatic organisms. Studies that aspire to identify the movement and habitat use of Lutz's … Acoustic telemetry is a commonly used method to collect presence and small-scale movement data from various aquatic organisms. Studies that aspire to identify the movement and habitat use of Lutz's stingray, Hypanus berthalutzae, are scarce in Brazil and concentrated on oceanic islands. The present research aimed to report a method for acoustic transmitter attachment in a large-bodied coastal stingray species, in addition to describing initial observations of the pattern in movement and habitat use by the Lutz's stingray, off Recife, in Northeast Brazil, tracked in nearshore waters off a 15-km stretch of urban coastline encompassing two estuaries. A total of 25 acoustic receivers were used to monitor the movements of the tagged Lutz's stingray. The detections from the tagged specimen were recorded by 28% of the receivers available in the study area. H. berthalutzae was present mostly during the night (96.4% of all detections), whereas only a few detections were registered during the day (3.6%). This study is the first report on the behavior of the Lutz's stingray, off Recife, in addition to improving good tagging practices in studies with rays.

Evolution, Plant Ecology, and Climate

2025-06-12
James R. Ehleringer , Russell K. Monson | CRC Press eBooks

Study of Changing Land Use Land Cover from Forests to Cropland on Rainfall: Case Study of Alabama's Black Belt Region

2025-06-04
Salem Ibrahim , Gamal El Afandi , Amira Moustafa +1 more | AgriEngineering
This study explores the relationship between land use and land cover (LULC) changes and a significant cyclogenesis event that occurred in Alabama’s Black Belt region from 6 to 7 October … This study explores the relationship between land use and land cover (LULC) changes and a significant cyclogenesis event that occurred in Alabama’s Black Belt region from 6 to 7 October 2021. Utilizing the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model, two scenarios were analyzed: the WRF Control Run, which maintained unchanged LULC, and the WRF Sensitivity Experiment, which converted 56.5% of forested areas into cropland to assess the impact on storm dynamics. Quantitative comparisons of predicted rainfall from both simulations were conducted against observed data. The control run demonstrated a Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 1.64, indicating accurate rainfall predictions. In contrast, the modified scenario yielded an RMSE of 2.01, suggesting lower reliability. The Mean Bias (MB) values were 1.32 for the control run and 1.58 for the modified scenario, revealing notable discrepancies in accuracy. The coefficient of determination (R2) was 0.247 for the control run and 0.270 for the modified scenario. The Nash–Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) value was 0.1567 for the control run but dropped to −0.2257 following LULC modifications. Sensitivity analyses revealed a 60% increase in heat flux and a 36% rise in precipitation, underscoring the significant impact of LULC on meteorological outcomes. While this study concentrated on the Black Belt region, the methodologies employed could apply to various other areas, though caution is advised when generalizing these results to different climates and socio-economic contexts. Further research is necessary to enhance the model’s applicability across diverse environments.

Boreal Forests: A Global Treasure

2025-06-03
| Geneva timber and forest study papers

Global Forest Edge Dynamics in the 21st Century

2025-06-02
Min Chen , Hangkai You , Fujiang Ji +4 more | Research Square (Research Square)
<title>Abstract</title> Seventy percent of global forests lie within 1 km of an edge, yet the temporal dynamics of these forest edges remain poorly characterized. Here, we present the first high … <title>Abstract</title> Seventy percent of global forests lie within 1 km of an edge, yet the temporal dynamics of these forest edges remain poorly characterized. Here, we present the first high spatial resolution (0.00025°) global map of forest edges from 2000 to 2020 for the first time, revealing a 24 million km (7%) decline in total forest edge length. The observed decline is primarily driven by the merging of small forest patches in temperate and boreal forests, whereas fragmentation and deforestation in the tropics diminish total forest edge length. In contrast, some countries, including Laos, Liberia, India, and China, exhibit net increases in edge length due to the emergence of new forest patches. These changes often occur episodically, and their distributions are closely linked to policy-driven land management such as logging bans, agricultural expansion, and large-scale reforestation initiatives. Given the critical ecological functions of forest edges ranging from supporting biodiversity and regulating microclimate, our findings highlight the contrasting edge dynamics across biomes and underscore the need for adaptive forest policies that balance biodiversity conservation, carbon storage, and sustainable land use.

Trade-offs and synergies in crop planting structure of oasis area

2025-06-02
Weijing Ma , Qianchen Jin , H. J. Yang +4 more | Environment Development and Sustainability

The late rise of sky-island vegetation in the European Alps

2025-06-02
Lara M Wootton , Florian C. Boucher , Charles Pouchon +7 more | Nature Plants

Role of plant litter in maintaining the stability of grassland ecological in extreme rainfall

2025-06-01
Zhouwen Ma , Lan Li , Yingxin Wang +3 more | Plant Diversity

French agroclimatic research network dataset

2025-06-01
Carina Furusho‐Percot , Olivier Maury , Vincent Minet +7 more | Data in Brief

Land use impacts on plant diversity and soil C/N stocks in semi-arid grasslands of northern China

2025-05-30
Jing Wang , Kaixuan Ma , Duhu Man +3 more | Journal of Environmental Management

Prediction of groundwater nitrate pollution and evaluation of its influencing factors in the arid zone of Xinjiang, China, based on random forest modeling

2025-05-29
Lina Hu , Wei Fan , Jinlong Zhou +2 more | Environment Development and Sustainability

Comparison of Canopy–Vegetation Parameters from Interior Parts to Edge of Multi-Story Grove Forest Patch and Meadow Field Within Rural Landscape for Soil Temperature and Moisture

2025-05-28
Melih Öztürk , İlyas Bolat , Hüseyin Şensoy +1 more | Forests
Soil temperature and soil moisture are significant interactive parameters that influence many ecological and hydrological processes within forest ecosystems. Furthermore, they are affected by the above canopy characteristics, which determine … Soil temperature and soil moisture are significant interactive parameters that influence many ecological and hydrological processes within forest ecosystems. Furthermore, they are affected by the above canopy characteristics, which determine the amount of sunlight penetration. These canopy characteristics spatially vary within isolated or narrowed forest patches, which include interior parts and edges. On the other hand, forest patches display different effects on the soil temperature and moisture than agricultural meadows within rural landscapes. This study aimed to analyze and evaluate the influences of interior–edge canopies and meadow cover on soil temperature and moisture. Hence, the mutual responses of canopy phenology and physiology, along with the soil temperature and moisture beneath, were analyzed and determined on a temporal basis throughout one year. For this purpose, the air–soil temperature and precipitation data of close meteorological stations were utilized. In addition, soil temperature and moisture parameters were analyzed using an on-site measuring device. Furthermore, canopy parameters—namely LAI, LT, CO, and GF—were determined using a hemispherical photographing procedure and image processing–analysis methodology. Moreover, the LAI of the meadow cover was determined using an on-site analysis device. The maximum LAI, with mean values of 3.69 m2 m−2 and 2.54 m2 m−2, occurred in late May (DOY: 142) within the forest canopies of the interior parts and the patch edge, respectively. On the other hand, the maximum LAI with a mean value of 2.77 m2 m−2 occurred again in late May within the meadow field. On the contrary, during the same period, the lowest percentages were observed for LT and CO, each at 5%, and for GF with 0.5% within the interior parts of the forest patch. However, their lowest percentages were 23% and 16%, respectively, within the forest patch edge. For that late May period, the mean soil temperatures were 17.2, 26.0, and 21.0 °C under the forest canopies of the interior parts, the patch edge, and the meadow field, respectively. Meanwhile, their mean soil moistures were 56.4%, 51.6%, and 32.9% when the mean air temperature was 16.2 °C. Definite correlation did not exist between the canopy–vegetation parameters and the soil temperature–moisture values for all the interior parts, for the edge of the multi-story grove forest patch, and for the meadow field. Based on the overall results of this study, there were apparent differences amongst the interior parts, the edge of the forest patch, and the meadow field in terms of both the canopy–vegetation parameters and the soil temperature–moisture values. The multi-story structure of the interior parts and the edge of the forest patch determined the temporal patterns of their canopy–vegetation parameters. This study elucidated ecology, hydrology, and therefore management of narrow forest patches between agricultural areas within rural landscapes.

Effects of Lead Stress on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Ten Afforestation Trees in Arid Regions

2025-05-28
Nan Yang , Yuan Cai , Cheng Wan +2 more | Forest Science

A Whole System Diversity - Ecosystem Function Framework for Conservation and Restoration in an Arid Mediterranean Ecosystem

2025-05-28
Daniel E. Orenstein , Shayli Dor - Haim , Moshe Shachak | ARPHA Conference Abstracts
The Anthropocene, marked by significant environmental transformation, underscores the intricate relationships among geodiversity, biodiversity, and social diversity in shaping ecosystem functions. This study introduces the concept of Whole System Diversity … The Anthropocene, marked by significant environmental transformation, underscores the intricate relationships among geodiversity, biodiversity, and social diversity in shaping ecosystem functions. This study introduces the concept of Whole System Diversity (WSD) as a framework for integrating these three dimensions to understand, sustain, and restore essential ecosystem functions. This perspective elaborates on a central scientific question in ecology: the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functions. It emphasizes that maintaining biodiversity across all organizational levels—genetic, species, and functional—is critical for ecosystem stability, resilience, biological productivity, and ecosystem services. Geodiversity, encompassing Earth's abiotic components, lays the physical foundation for ecosystems. Variations in geological features, hydrological processes, and climatic conditions shape habitats and regulate critical functions such as nutrient cycling and water availability. Biodiversity, defined by the variety of life forms and their genetic and functional diversity, drives ecological processes, resilience, and adaptability. Social diversity reflects human interactions with ecosystems, shaped by cultural, economic, and political dynamics. The integration of these diversity types highlights their reciprocal relationships and feedback loops (Fig. 1) across multiple spatial and temporal scales. Geodiversity fosters habitats for diverse species while being influenced by biotic activity such as soil formation and vegetation cover. Biodiversity interacts with social diversity, as social diversity, expressed through cultural practices and economic livelihoods, impact species distributions and ecosystem services. Together, these interactions drive primary production, nutrient cycling, and energy flow. The study examines terraced watershed management in the Negev Desert as a case study exemplifying WSD. These ancient systems, adapted over millennia to arid conditions, illustrate the synergistic interplay of geodiversity, biodiversity, and social diversity. Terraced landscapes modulate hydrology and soil quality, providing microhabitats for species and enabling sustainable agriculture in water-limited environments. Human societies, from Byzantine farmers to modern conservationists, have shaped and been shaped by these systems, demonstrating the enduring impact of social dynamics on ecosystem function. Through this case study, we elucidate how ancient practices enhanced geodiversity by creating terraces to capture runoff, supporting biodiversity and enabling diverse cultural and economic activities. Biodiversity, in turn, shaped the physical environment, with plant and animal communities influencing soil properties and hydrology. Social diversity, through evolving practices such as agriculture, grazing, and conservation, has continually adapted these systems to changing environmental and societal needs. We observe these systems through history to understand how the interaction of the three diversity types changes over time, along with their output (e.g., biological productivity or ecosystem services) through intentional human activity and system dynamics. The WSD framework offers significant implications for ecosystem research and management. It advances the understanding of ecosystems as holistic systems, highlighting the need for interdisciplinary approaches to capture the complex interactions among geological, biological, and social factors. The framework aligns with long-term socio-ecological research, providing insights into the historical and ongoing processes that shape ecosystems. It also informs policy and practice, emphasizing the importance of integrating WSD principles into conservation, restoration, and sustainable development. This conceptual model has broader applications, serving as a roadmap for studying and managing ecosystems in the Anthropocene. By recognizing the dynamic interplay of geodiversity, biodiversity, and social diversity, the WSD framework contributes to a deeper understanding of ecosystem functions and offers pathways for enhancing resilience and sustainability in the face of global environmental change. The WSD framework underscores the urgency of holistic ecosystem science, particularly in human-impacted regions. In the Anthropocene, where human influence is pervasive, integrating geodiversity, biodiversity, and social diversity is essential for understanding and managing ecosystems. By bridging disciplinary divides, WSD provides a comprehensive approach to studying Earth system processes, informing long-term ecosystem research and management. This framework strengthens our ability to navigate ecological complexities and build resilience in the face of global change.

Expanding grassland coverage to maintain ecohydrological sustainability in the agro-pastoral ecotone of northwest China

2025-05-28
Yuzuo Zhu , Xuefeng Xu | Biogeosciences
Abstract. To achieve ecological sustainability, the Chinese government is conducting large-scale vegetation restoration projects to increase grasslands to 60 % by 2035. However, excessive vegetation restoration has undermined ecohydrological sustainability, … Abstract. To achieve ecological sustainability, the Chinese government is conducting large-scale vegetation restoration projects to increase grasslands to 60 % by 2035. However, excessive vegetation restoration has undermined ecohydrological sustainability, leading to soil drying in the agro-pastoral ecotone of Northwest China (APENWC), where grasslands made up 52.0 %, barren land 29.9 %, and croplands 12.5 % in 2015, with other classes accounting for 5.6 %. The potential impacts of future land use and cover change (LUCC) on ecohydrological sustainability over the APENWC are unclear. To address this gap, the Community Land Model (version 5.0, CLM5.0) was implemented for the historical period from 2000 to 2015 under a real LUCC scenario (reference scenario) and several synthetic LUCC scenarios. The impacts of the LUCC on regional water fluxes and temperature were assessed by comparing the spatially averaged annual land surface temperature (LST) and evapotranspiration (ET) simulated using different model setups. The reference scenario revealed two main LUCC types in the region: conversions from bare land to grasslands and from croplands to grasslands, with a total increase in grassland cover from 44.8 % in 2000 to 52.0 % in 2015. The conversion from bare land to grasslands reduced LST by 0.17 °C and increased ET by 53.32 mm yr−1. Conversely, the conversion from croplands to grasslands increased LST by 1.18 °C and reduced ET by 190.89 mm yr−1. Despite these significant local LUCC impacts, the overall effect of the historical LUCC resulted in limited variations in LST (−0.06 °C) and ET (9.70 mm yr−1) when the complete APENWC region is considered. Future scenarios assuming 60 % grassland cover with varying proportions of bare land and cropland suggest that none of the scenarios showed significant adverse effects on water conservation (WC), suggesting that vegetation restoration will not intensify drying conditions. These results indicate that increasing grassland coverage to 60 % by 2035 supports ecohydrological sustainability without introducing drying.

Relationship Between Climate Factors and Wintering Pelicans at the Anzali International Wetland, Iran

2025-05-27
Khashayar MahdianyBora , Saeid Naderi , Hossein Alinezhad

Soil heterotrophic respiration repressed by drought stress more than soil autotrophic respiration in Stipa breviflora desert steppe, China

2025-05-25
Chunxue Han , Zhiqiang Sun , Haigang Li

Spatial Distribution Pattern of Plants with Potential to Regulate Water Balance in the Babak Watershed Upstream Area

2025-05-25
Andrie Ridzki Prasetyo , Niechi Valentino , Budhy Setiawan +3 more
Watershed degradation poses a serious threat to water availability, ecosystem sustainability, and human well-being. This study aims to identify and analyze the spatial distribution patterns of three key water-regulating plant … Watershed degradation poses a serious threat to water availability, ecosystem sustainability, and human well-being. This study aims to identify and analyze the spatial distribution patterns of three key water-regulating plant species Pterospermum javanicum, Ficus spp., and Dendrocnidae decumana in the upstream area of the Babak Watershed, Lombok, Indonesia. Field data were collected through exploratory surveys and analyzed using the Average Nearest Neighbor (ANN) method in ArcGIS 10.8. The results reveal distinct spatial patterns: D. decumana exhibits a random distribution (R = 0.925), while Ficus spp. (R = 0.667) and P. javanicum (R = 0.698) show clustered patterns. These patterns reflect ecological adaptations such as tolerance to environmental heterogeneity or vegetative reproduction strategies. Despite differences, all three species significantly contribute to watershed hydrology by enhancing infiltration, reducing surface runoff, and stabilizing soil. Spatial analysis of vegetation distribution provides essential insights for data-driven watershed management and supports targeted conservation strategies in ecologically sensitive upstream zones.

How much Urban Green do Bavarian cities need to cool by 1 degree?

2025-05-24
John W. Friesen , Tobias Leichtle , Hannes Taubenböck
Abstract. Urban environments are becoming increasingly susceptible to the adverse effects of climate change, with the urban heat island (UHI) effect amplifying temperature extremes and intensifying environmental challenges. This study … Abstract. Urban environments are becoming increasingly susceptible to the adverse effects of climate change, with the urban heat island (UHI) effect amplifying temperature extremes and intensifying environmental challenges. This study examines the potential of urban greening to mitigate land surface temperatures (LST) across Bavaria’s 44 largest cities by leveraging Landsat satellite data from 2013 to 2023 in conjunction with a spatial regression model. The research quantifies how green space, as measured by the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), influences LST. The spatial regression model, which accounts for spatial dependencies, explains approximately 87% of the variation in LST, outperforming traditional Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression. Notably, the study finds that an increase of 0.0243 in NDVI for the city and an increase of 0.0316 in NDVI in residential areas within the city is associated with a 1°C reduction in LST. These findings offer a clear, quantifiable benchmark for designing targeted greening strategies, particularly in areas with low NDVI. The insights generated by this research equip local authorities with actionable guidance to develop robust climate adaptation strategies tailored to the specific needs of urban areas, ultimately contributing to the creation of more resilient and sustainable cities in the face of climate change.

Population dynamics and soil nutrient characteristics of the endangered Annamocarya sinensis in Yunnan, China

2025-05-23
Shengjie Sun , M. Krämer , Xiaodong Wu +3 more
Annamocarya sinensis is an endangered plant species with an extremely small population. This study focuses on the only two known wild populations of A. sinensis in Yunnan Province, China. Conventional … Annamocarya sinensis is an endangered plant species with an extremely small population. This study focuses on the only two known wild populations of A. sinensis in Yunnan Province, China. Conventional population ecology survey methods were employed to describe the population structure characteristics and to predict the future population size. Subsequently, ten soil physicochemical factors were measured, followed by soil nutrient ratings, analysis of variance, correlation analyses, and exploration of C:N:P stoichiometry and its drivers. The results indicate that A. sinensis populations exhibited a general trend of decline, demonstrated high sensitivity to external disturbances. The population survival curve conforms to Deevey-III type. The high mortality rate of juvenile individuals cannot be compensated by natural regeneration. Soil analysis indicates that the Malipo region has relatively fertile soil, whereas the Funing region has poorer soil quality. Notably, both regions exhibit potassium deficiency. Stoichiometric analysis of the soil indicated an excess of nitrogen and a deficiency of phosphorus in the Malipo region, while the Funing region is characterized by low soil organic matter content. Furthermore, soil correlation analysis demonstrated that the interrelationships among soil properties were significantly stronger in the Malipo region compared to the Funing region. Given the imminent risk of extinction for the wild population of A. sinensis in Yunnan Province, we highlight the urgent need for enhanced conservation measures, particularly in the Funing region. Based on the current conditions of the A. sinensis populations, in situ conservation, germplasm preservation, and artificial cultivation to ensure the sustainable management and recovery of A. sinensis populations.

Characteristics of Grassland Burning in the Aso Cultural Landscape, Japan

2025-05-22
Yoshitaka Takahashi , Megumi Muto

A climate empirical temperature simulator, an application in Provence (France)

2025-05-17
Jacques Blanchart
The importance of being able to make climate projections at the local level is fundamental because they are the ones that will serve as an input for any vulnerability study … The importance of being able to make climate projections at the local level is fundamental because they are the ones that will serve as an input for any vulnerability study as part of a climate change adaptation plan. The techniques exist and, in France, the DRIAS portal allows you to download these projections with several models and with an 8 km x 8 km grid (called Safran grid). However, a challenge remains that the local values of these projections do not always correspond well to the data from weather stations. Corrections must be made to reduce this discrepancy. The operation is tedious, and its quality depends on choices made over the historical reference period. We have developed an empirical projection tool, based almost exclusively on historical data from weather stations. This tool is developed in this article with a comparison between the two methods.

Long time-series change characteristics and suitable scale of oasis in arid and semi-arid regions of China

2025-05-16
Lei Zhang , Xia Jia , Yonghua Zhao +4 more

Introduction and Use of Long-living Trees and Shrubs on the Absheron Peninsula in the Context of Climate Change and Greening

2025-05-15
G. Acadov , K. Sadıgova , H. Rahimov
The article presents an analysis of data on the acclimatization of trees on the Absheron Peninsula: ironwood, sycamore or needle maple, Hyrcanian maple, small-leaved alder and white-headed acacia. When introducing … The article presents an analysis of data on the acclimatization of trees on the Absheron Peninsula: ironwood, sycamore or needle maple, Hyrcanian maple, small-leaved alder and white-headed acacia. When introducing long-lived tree and shrub species to the Absheron Peninsula, it is necessary to take into account the biological characteristics of the species, take into account the stress impact of the dry subtropical climate and group resistant species. The use of trees and shrubs resistant to environmental stress factors in landscaping is considered. The territory of the Absheron Peninsula is predominantly sandy and the soil has low water-holding capacity and organic residues (humus), agrotechnical care should be one of the main conditions for the introduction of woody plants. Particular attention should be paid to irrigation measures, taking into account the biological origin of the plants. More than 100 trees and shrubs from the Hyrcanian National Park and forests of Azerbaijan were introduced. Currently, extensive research is being conducted to study the adaptive capacity of the cities of Baku, Sumgait, and the Absheron Peninsula.