Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

Entomological Studies and Ecology

Works Count: 49153

Wikipedia

Description

This cluster of papers focuses on the expansion of the geographic range of the pine processionary moth, particularly in relation to climate change and its impact on forest ecosystems. It also explores topics such as caterpillar envenoming, host utilisation, forest pest management, and population dynamics of the processionary moth.

Keywords

Processionary Moth; Climate Change; Caterpillar Envenoming; Host Utilisation; Forest Pest Management; Climatic Warming; Venomous Caterpillars; Pine Forests; Population Dynamics; Epidemiology

Christmas Disease

1952-12-27

R Biggs , A. S. Douglas , Robert Macfarlane +4 more

PARALYSIS OF EXTERNAL POPLITEAL NERVE I the patients are not clear, we would emphasize that in these the clinical picture and duration of the disability fall well within the limits … PARALYSIS OF EXTERNAL POPLITEAL NERVE I the patients are not clear, we would emphasize that in these the clinical picture and duration of the disability fall well within the limits of those whose aetiology is more certain. TreatmentWith regard to treatment, we would make the following observations.Patients should be warned against crossing legs when sitting.There is no justification for the admission of these patients to hospital.A toe-raising spring over- comes the essential disability and even in heavy industry there is no need for the patient to remain off work.Massage, coloured lights, and other forms of passive physiotherapy, not to mention the administration of vitamin B1, play no part whatever in treatment.The patient should be instructed to carry out active movements of the affected muscles as often as possible when not wearing a spring, and, indeed, the spring itself is necessary only in the event of a severe paralysis of the tibialis anticus. Summary and ConclusionsParalysis of the external popliteal nerve, excluding the results of gross trauma, is not uncommon.Such paralysis generally (if not always) results from local nerve ischaemia, and simple mechanical factors can usually be found; these include kneeling, bandaging, crossing the legs while sitting, lying on a hard surface, and the wearing of knee-pads.Previous loss of weight conduces to this type of damage.Motor paralysis is often complete, but sensory loss is frequently absent and is never profound.The condition is always painless, and the onset sudden.Complete recovery is common and partial recovery the rule.

View PDF Chat

Encyclopedia of Entomology

2004-01-01

John L. Capinera

View PDF Chat

Handbuch der vergleichenden Anatomie der Wirbeltiere

1931-01-01

L. Bolk

Lehrbuch Der Entomologie

1933-06-01

Hermann Weber

Journal Article Lehrbuch Der Entomologie Get access Lehrbuch der Entomologie, by Professor Weber HermannDr.. Pages i-xii, 1-726 with 555 text figures. 1933. Published by Gustav Fischer, Jena. Unbound, Rmk 36, … Journal Article Lehrbuch Der Entomologie Get access Lehrbuch der Entomologie, by Professor Weber HermannDr.. Pages i-xii, 1-726 with 555 text figures. 1933. Published by Gustav Fischer, Jena. Unbound, Rmk 36, bound, Rrnk 38. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, Volume 26, Issue 2, 1 June 1933, Page 276, https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/26.2.276 Published: 01 June 1933

Programmed cell death—II. Endocrine potentiation of the breakdown of the intersegmental muscles of silkmoths

1964-08-01

Richard A. Lockshin , Carroll M. Williams

A hypothesis to explain outbreaks of looper caterpillars, with special reference to populations of Selidosema suavis in a plantation of Pinus radiata in New Zealand

1974-01-01

Thomas C. R. White

The Number of Molts of Lepidopterous Larvae

1890-01-01

Harrison G. Dyar

This article has no abstract. This article has no abstract.

View PDF Chat

The Principles of Insect Physiology

1939-08-18

R. E. Snodgrass

Die Stammesgeschichte der Insekten.

1970-12-01

R. A. Crowson , Willi Hennig

Systemtheoretische Analyse der Zeit-, Reihenfolgen- und Vorzeichenauswertung bei der Bewegungsperzeption des Rüsselkäfers Chlorophanus

1956-10-01

Bernhard Hassenstein , W. Reichardt

Der Rüsselkäfer Chlorophanus viridis reagiert wie viele andere Organismen auf Bewegungen in seiner optischen Umwelt mit charakteristischen Verhaltensweisen. Dem liegt eine Auswertung von Relationen zwischen einzelnen Lichtreizen zugrunde. Die Funktionsstruktur … Der Rüsselkäfer Chlorophanus viridis reagiert wie viele andere Organismen auf Bewegungen in seiner optischen Umwelt mit charakteristischen Verhaltensweisen. Dem liegt eine Auswertung von Relationen zwischen einzelnen Lichtreizen zugrunde. Die Funktionsstruktur dieser Auswertungsleistung wird ermittelt. Das Ergebnis der Analyse ist in Abb. 8 dargestellt.

View PDF Chat

Tits and their caterpillar food supply

1991-10-01

Christopher M. Perrins

In this paper I review what is known about the relationship between the tits' clutch‐size and the timing of their breeding season and the numbers of their caterpillar prey. The … In this paper I review what is known about the relationship between the tits' clutch‐size and the timing of their breeding season and the numbers of their caterpillar prey. The results come from the Edward Grey Institute's long‐term study of Great and Blue Tits in Wytham Wood, near Oxford. This study was started in 1947 by Drs D. Lack and J. A. Gibb (Lack 1966, Perrins 1979)‐ These results could only have been obtained from a long‐term study and emphasize the value of such studies for our understanding of certain aspects of ecology. In addition, they could not have been obtained by a study of the birds alone, being dependent on a knowledge of their insect food; most of this information was made available as a result of a parallel long‐term study of the insect fauna of the oak trees, made by a number of people from the Hope Department of Entomology, University of Oxford.

View PDF Chat

Insect Seasonality: Diapause Maintenance, Termination, and Postdiapause Development

1976-01-01

Maurice J. Tauber , Catherine A. Tauber

Diagnosis and Treatment of Insect Sensitivity

1966-01-01

Harry Louis Mueller

The diagnosis of systemic reactions to insect stings usually presents no difficulty by history and as a rule the diagnosis has been made before the allergist sees the patient. A … The diagnosis of systemic reactions to insect stings usually presents no difficulty by history and as a rule the diagnosis has been made before the allergist sees the patient. A differentiation between local and systemic reactions should be made, and although systemic reactions are frequently preceded by increasingly large local reactions with previous stings, a great many people have large local reactions accompanying successive stings, over many years, without ever developing systemic sensitivity.

Climatic unpredictability and parasitism of caterpillars: Implications of global warming

2005-11-17

John O. Stireman , Lee A. Dyer , Daniel H. Janzen +7 more

Insect outbreaks are expected to increase in frequency and intensity with projected changes in global climate through direct effects of climate change on insect populations and through disruption of community … Insect outbreaks are expected to increase in frequency and intensity with projected changes in global climate through direct effects of climate change on insect populations and through disruption of community interactions. Although there is much concern about mean changes in global climate, the impact of climatic variability itself on species interactions has been little explored. Here, we compare caterpillar–parasitoid interactions across a broad gradient of climatic variability and find that the combined data in 15 geographically dispersed databases show a decrease in levels of parasitism as climatic variability increases. The dominant contribution to this pattern by relatively specialized parasitoid wasps suggests that climatic variability impairs the ability of parasitoids to track host populations. Given the important role of parasitoids in regulating insect herbivore populations in natural and managed systems, we predict an increase in the frequency and intensity of herbivore outbreaks through a disruption of enemy–herbivore dynamics as climates become more variable.

View PDF Chat

Climate change and outbreaks of the geometridsOperophtera brumataandEpirrita autumnatain subarctic birch forest: evidence of a recent outbreak range expansion

2007-12-07

Jane Uhd Jepsen , Snorre B. Hagen , Rolf A. Ims +1 more

1 Range expansions mediated by recent climate warming have been documented for many insect species, including some important forest pests. However, whether climate change also influences the eruptive dynamics of … 1 Range expansions mediated by recent climate warming have been documented for many insect species, including some important forest pests. However, whether climate change also influences the eruptive dynamics of forest pest insects, and hence the ecological and economical consequences of outbreaks, is largely unresolved. 2 Using historical outbreak records covering more than a century, we document recent outbreak range expansions of two species of cyclic geometrid moth, Operophtera brumata Bkh. (winter moth) and Epirrita autumnata L. (autumnal moth), in subarctic birch forest of northern Fennoscandia. The two species differ with respect to cold tolerance, and show strikingly different patterns in their recent outbreak range expansion. 3 We show that, during the past 15–20 years, the less cold-tolerant species O. brumata has experienced a pronounced north-eastern expansion into areas previously dominated by E. autumnata outbreaks. Epirrita autumnata, on the other hand, has expanded the region in which it exhibits regular outbreaks into the coldest, most continental areas. Our findings support the suggestion that recent climate warming in the region is the most parsimonious explanation for the observed patterns. 4 The presence of O. brumata outbreaks in regions previously affected solely by E. autumnata outbreaks is likely to increase the effective duration of local outbreaks, and hence have profound implications for the subarctic birch forest ecosystem.

View PDF Chat

A Diet-Induced Developmental Polymorphism in a Caterpillar

1989-02-03

Erick Greene

Caterpillars of the spring brood of Nemoria arizonaria develop into mimics of the oak catkins upon which they feed. Caterpillars from the summer brood emerge after the catkins have fallen … Caterpillars of the spring brood of Nemoria arizonaria develop into mimics of the oak catkins upon which they feed. Caterpillars from the summer brood emerge after the catkins have fallen and they develop instead into mimics of oak twigs. This developmental polymorphism may be triggered by the concentration of defensive secondary compounds in the larval diet: all caterpillars raised on catkins, which are low in tannin, developed into catkin morphs; those raised on leaves, which are high in tannin, developed into twig morphs; most raised on artificial diets of catkins with elevated tannin concentrations developed into twig morphs.

EXPANSION OF GEOGRAPHIC RANGE IN THE PINE PROCESSIONARY MOTH CAUSED BY INCREASED WINTER TEMPERATURES

2005-12-01

Andrea Battisti , Michael Stastny , Sigrid Netherer +4 more

Global warming is predicted to cause distributional changes in organisms whose geographic ranges are controlled by temperature. We report a recent latitudinal and altitudinal expansion of the pine processionary moth, … Global warming is predicted to cause distributional changes in organisms whose geographic ranges are controlled by temperature. We report a recent latitudinal and altitudinal expansion of the pine processionary moth, Thaumetopoea pityocampa, whose larvae build silk nests and feed on pine foliage in the winter. In north-central France (Paris Basin), its range boundary has shifted by 87 km northwards between 1972 and 2004; in northern Italy (Alps), an altitudinal shift of 110–230 m upwards occurred between 1975 and 2004. By experimentally linking winter temperature, feeding activity, and survival of T. pityocampa larvae, we attribute the expansions to increased winter survival due to a warming trend over the past three decades. In the laboratory we determined the minimum nest and night air temperatures required for larval feeding and developed a mechanistic model based on these temperature thresholds. We tested the model in a translocation experiment that employed natural temperature gradients as spatial analogues for global warming. In all transects we transferred colonies of T. pityocampa larvae to sites within zones of historical distribution, recent distribution, and outside the present range. We monitored air and nest temperature, incoming solar radiation, larval phenology, feeding activity, and survival. Early-season temperature effects on phenology were evident, with delayed development of colonies in the more extreme (colder) sites. In the coldest months, our model was consistent with the observed patterns of feeding activity: Feeding was progressively reduced with increasing latitude or elevation, as predicted by the lower number of hours when the feeding threshold was reached, which negatively affected final survival. Insolation raised nest temperature and increased feeding activity on the south but not the north aspect. Prolonged temperature drops below the feeding thresholds occurred at all sites, leading to starvation and partial mortality. Nonetheless, even the most extreme sites still allowed some feeding and, consequently, up to 20% colony survival and successful pupation. Given that the present distribution of the oligophagous T. pityocampa is not constrained by the distribution of its actual or potential hosts, and that warmer winters will cause the number of hours of feeding to increase and the probability of the lower lethal temperature to decrease, we expect the trend of improved survival in previously prohibitive environments to continue, causing further latitudinal and altitudinal expansion. This work highlights the need to develop temperature-based predictive models for future range shifts of winter-limited species, with potential applications in management.

Über die Isolierung eines Metamorphose-Hormons der Insekten in kristallisierter Form

1954-06-01

Adolf Butenandt , П. Карлсон

Aus Seidenspinner-Puppen wurde durch Methanolextraktion und Anreicherung in Bezug auf das im Test am abgeschnürten Abdomen von Calliphora-Larven wirksame Prinzip ein kristallisierter einheitlicher Stoff vom Schmp. 235—237° erhalten, der im … Aus Seidenspinner-Puppen wurde durch Methanolextraktion und Anreicherung in Bezug auf das im Test am abgeschnürten Abdomen von Calliphora-Larven wirksame Prinzip ein kristallisierter einheitlicher Stoff vom Schmp. 235—237° erhalten, der im Calliphora-Test mit 0,0075 γ wirksam ist. Wie Versuche an Saturniiden-Puppen (C. M. Williams) zeigten, handelt es sich um das Hormon der Prothorakaldrüsen.

View PDF Chat

Insect Cuticle Sclerotization

1992-01-01

Theodore L. Hopkins , Karl J. Kramer

Signal transduction pathways activated by the IL-1 receptor family: ancient signaling machinery in mammals, insects, and plants

1998-06-01

Luke O'neill , Catherine M. Greene

Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is a central regulator of the immune and inflammatory responses. Recently, significant advances have been made in the area of IL-1 receptors and IL-1 signal transduction. A family … Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is a central regulator of the immune and inflammatory responses. Recently, significant advances have been made in the area of IL-1 receptors and IL-1 signal transduction. A family of proteins has been described that share significant homology in their signaling domains with the Type I IL-1 receptor (IL-1RI). These include the IL-1 receptor accessory protein (IL-1AcP), which does not bind IL-1 but is essential for IL-1 signaling; a Drosophila protein Toll; a number of human Toll-like receptors (hTLRs); the putative IL-18/IL-1-gamma receptor IL-1Rrp (IL-1 receptor-related protein); and a number of plant proteins. All appear to be involved in host responses to injury and infection. These homologies also extend to novel signaling proteins implicated in IL-1 action. Two IL-1 receptor-associated kinases, IRAK-1 and IRAK-2, which have homologs in Drosophila (Pelle) and plants (Pto), have been implicated in the activation of the transcription factor, nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB). IRAK-1 has also been implicated in AP1 induction, Jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK) activation, and IL-2 induction. It recruits the adapter protein TRAF6 to the IL-1 receptor complex via an interaction with IL-1AcP. TRAF6 then relays the signal via NF-kappaB-inducing kinase (NIK) to two I-kappaB kinases (IKK-1 and -2), leading to NF-kappaB activation. Progress has also been made on other IL-1-responsive kinases, including JNK and p38 MAP kinase, with the latter having a role in multiple responses to IL-1. The remarkable conservation between diverse species indicates that the IL-1 system represents an ancient signaling machine critical for responses to environmental stresses and attack by pathogens.

View PDF Chat

A THRESHOLD SIZE FOR METAMORPHOSIS IN THE TOBACCO HORNWORM, MANDUCA SEXTA (L.)

1975-08-01

H. Frederik Nijhout

1. Under standard laboratory rearing conditions, caterpillars of Manduca sexta invariably go through 5 larval instars before pupating.2. Evidence is presented that the head capsule width of a given instar … 1. Under standard laboratory rearing conditions, caterpillars of Manduca sexta invariably go through 5 larval instars before pupating.2. Evidence is presented that the head capsule width of a given instar is proportional to the weight that the individual had attained at the time that the molt to that instar occurred. Fifth-instar larvae with a large range of head capsule sizes were produced by temporarily starving 3rd and 4th instars, thus inducing them to molt at subnormal weights.3. Further observations on such larvae revealed that individuals with head capsules wider than 5.1 mm proceeded to pupate at the following molt whereas larvae with smaller head capsules underwent a supernumerary larval molt.4. It was concluded that larvae of Manduca simply continue to grow and molt until they reach or exceed a sharply defined threshold size (corresponding to a head capsule size of 5.1 mm). The instar in which this threshold size is attained is then the final larval instar during which the corpora allata will be inactivated.5. This threshold size for metamorphosis is absolute and does not depend on the prior growth history of the larva. An allometry model is presented for a mechanism by which an animal could "measure" its own absolute size.

View PDF Chat

NOMINA ANATOMICA VETERINARIA

1975-12-01

View PDF Chat

Insects in a Changing Environment

1996-05-01

Jeffrey A. Lockwood

View PDF Chat

AVIRULENT CORYNEBACTERIA

1975-03-01

NancyK. Conn , T. F. Elias-Jones

Butterflies and climate change

1994-05-01

Roger L. H. Dennis

Weather, climate and butterfly biology climate, butterfly populations and distributions adaptations to climatic gradients climatic changes and evolutionary history greenhouse gases, climatic change and butterfly populations. Weather, climate and butterfly biology climate, butterfly populations and distributions adaptations to climatic gradients climatic changes and evolutionary history greenhouse gases, climatic change and butterfly populations.

Histoire naturelle des insectes. Hémiptères

1843-01-01

C.-J.-B. Amyot , Audinet Serville

View PDF Chat

The Principles of Insect Physiology.

1966-11-01

Robert W. Howe , V. B. Wigglesworth

Roberts Birds of South Africa

1971-01-01

Jack P. Hailman , Gordon McLachlan , R. Liversidge

Sterile Insect Technique

2020-11-29

V. A. Dyck , Jorge Hendrichs , A. S. Robinson

More than three thousand million people live with the risk of malaria.Due to the widespread resistance of mosquitoes to insecticides and of parasites to chemotherapies, previous gains made in disease … More than three thousand million people live with the risk of malaria.Due to the widespread resistance of mosquitoes to insecticides and of parasites to chemotherapies, previous gains made in disease reduction are being reversed.In addition to this perennial threat, there is now a rapid invasion of Aedes mosquitoes across the globe and the associated spread of the arboviruses (arthropod-borne viruses) they carry.One half of the world's population is now at risk of dengue, and chikungunya (having emerged from Africa) is an increasing public-health problem in Asia and the Americas.The economic and social costs of these diseases is so great that, in some areas, they have slowed the development of nations.Current vector-control methods are inadequate (especially against container-breeding species) because they are losing their effectiveness, the global burden of mosquito-borne diseases is increasing, and no specific drugs or effective global vaccines are available to treat or prevent the diseases.Therefore, there is a need for additional suppression methods to be applied as part of Integrated Vector Management (IVM).Since the early 2000s, there has been a renewed interest in applying the sterile insect technique (SIT) against mosquito vectors of disease.The explosive outbreaks of the Zika virus (and associated birth defects) across the tropics increased the urgency.The recent availability of technology to rear and release the sterilized males of many mosquito species on a large scale has increased the expectation that the SIT could help reduce the suffering caused by mosquitoborne diseases.Much progress has been made in developing the SIT technology for mosquitoes, based on historic SIT efforts and the experiences gained in the successful large-scale application of the technique against agricultural pest species.The SIT is a suitable technology for suppressing mosquitoes because: (1) they can be mass-reared in a laboratory, (2) natural sexual dimorphism in many species aids sex separation, and (3) females become refractory after mating.There has been a perception that mosquitoes are more vulnerable than many pest species to damage during handling, sterilization, and release.However, technological and methodological improvements can cope with this lower robustness, and indeed take advantage of their smaller size and weight.Nevertheless, the need for perfect sex separation for male-only release to preclude any biting and disease transmission by released females, remains a technical bottleneck to scaling the SIT beyond small-scale pilot trials.As a remedy for this, genetic sexing strains are being developed.However, until they are available, combining the SIT with cytoplasmic incompatibility conferred by Wolbachia infection (incompatible insect technique (IIT)) has been proposed as an advantageous strategy.The advantage of including the IIT is that Wolbachia infection may prevent potential disease transmission by any released females, whereas sterilization guarantees that such females cannot reproduce, avoiding the loss of the cytoplasmic incompatibility due to Wolbachia establishment in the target population.Another advantage of simultaneous IIT use is that it enables the radiation dose to be minimized.Other challenges remain, particularly in release technology and quality control.Nevertheless, in recent years, pilot trials have been conducted or have been initiated, e.g.China, Germany, Greece, Italy, Mauritius, Mexico, Singapore, and Thailand, achieving encouraging results in suppressing adult populations of Aedes species.Area-wide releases, focused on urban and suburban settings, appear particularly promising in terms of sustainable and cost-effective IVM of Aedes vectors (eventually provided commercially by the private sector) because they can protect many people concentrated in relatively small areas.In the case of Anopheles vectors, the SIT may become a useful complementary tool, especially against outdoor-biting species which are not well-controlled by mosquito nets.

View PDF Chat

The Silviculture of Indian Trees

1921-09-01

Handbuch der Zoologie

1923-01-01

W. G. Kükenthal , Thilo Krumbach

Handbuch der Säugetiere Europas

1978-01-01

J. Niethammer , Franz Krapp , Kurt Becker

Encyclopedia of entomology

2005-04-01

John L. Capinera

The Encyclopedia of Entomology brings together the expertise of more than 450 distinguished entomologists from 40 countries to provide a worldwide overview of insects and their close relatives. Combin The Encyclopedia of Entomology brings together the expertise of more than 450 distinguished entomologists from 40 countries to provide a worldwide overview of insects and their close relatives. Combin

View PDF Chat

Medical Insects and Arachnids

1993-01-01

R. P. Lane , R. W. Crosskey

Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera

2016-01-01

Ivan Löbl , D. Löbl

The Catalogue provides information about all beetles occurring in Europe, North Africa and Asia north of the tropics. The Catalogue provides information about all beetles occurring in Europe, North Africa and Asia north of the tropics.

Artenvielfalt auf der Weide - GEO-Hauptveranstaltung in Crawinkel

2018-01-01

Registry-Migration.Gbif.Org

This dataset holds the observations recorded during the GEO Biodiversity Day "Artenvielfalt auf der Weide - GEO-Hauptveranstaltung in Crawinkel" in Crawinkel This dataset holds the observations recorded during the GEO Biodiversity Day "Artenvielfalt auf der Weide - GEO-Hauptveranstaltung in Crawinkel" in Crawinkel

CAS Entomology (ENT)

2024-01-01

Chris Grinter

The electronic catalog of the entomology collection at the California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco. The electronic catalog of the entomology collection at the California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco.

Die Käfer Mitteleuropas

2011-11-26

Heinz Freude , Karl-Wilhelm Harde , Gustav Adof Lohse +1 more

Ecology and Conservation of Butterflies

1995-01-01

Andrew S. Pullin

Prademagene Zamikeracel

2025-06-25

| American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy

Diversity of arthropods associated with sheep, cow, goat, and camel manure in the southeast of Algeria

2025-06-25

Mohammed Ben Yahia Benchenna , Wassima Lakhdari , Omar Guezoul +2 more | Studia Universitatis Babeş-Bolyai Biologia

Within the region of southeast Algeria, the Berlese method was utilized to conduct an inventory of the arthropods that were associated with four different types of manure: cow, sheep, goat, … Within the region of southeast Algeria, the Berlese method was utilized to conduct an inventory of the arthropods that were associated with four different types of manure: cow, sheep, goat, and camel. A total of 6,908 arthropods were collected, and they were categorized into four classes, 14 orders, and 37 families. The three families, Histeridae, Sphaeroceridae, and Staphylinidae, were found almost everywhere, with the relative abundance of each family varying according to the type of manure. The Anthicidae and Scarabaeidae families, which are the only two families remaining, were distributed selectively. The Shannon diversity index (H’) for arthropod families obtained from the various types of manure reveals that sheep and goat manure display the highest level of diversity by (H’ = 2.26 bits) and (H’ = 2.23 bits), respectively. The frequency of the larval form (86.58%, NI = 5,981) compared to the adult form (13.42%, NI = 927) suggests that manure is an appropriate environment for incubating the immature stages of several arthropods. On occasion, members of certain families of pests were discovered. These families include Bostrychidae, Dermestidae, and Gryllotalpidae. Article history: Received 02 August 2024; Revised 15 April 2025;Accepted 26 May 2025; Available online 25 June 2025

Venom apparatus, composition, function, evolution, and potential applications of caterpillar venom

2025-06-16

Yanling Yang , Jiaying Zhu | Entomologia Generalis

Spatial- temporal statistical analysis of the relationship between climate factors and the biodiversity of Aedes Albopictus Mosquito over Northern Libya

2025-06-15

N. A. Mahfoud , Haifa M. Ben Miloud , Amel Saad Ashargawi | Climate Change

Therapeutic Potential of Upadacitinib in Adolescents with Idiopathic Chronic Panuveitis Who Lost Response to Adalimumab

2025-06-14

Kailei Guo , Xiaomin Zhang | Ocular Immunology and Inflammation

This report highlights the administration of upadacitinib in four adolescents with idiopathic chronic refractory panuveitis who showed an inadequate response to systemic glucocorticoids, immunosuppressive agents, and anti-TNF biologic therapy. We … This report highlights the administration of upadacitinib in four adolescents with idiopathic chronic refractory panuveitis who showed an inadequate response to systemic glucocorticoids, immunosuppressive agents, and anti-TNF biologic therapy. We present four cases: two 13-year-old boys, one 15-year-old boy, and one 14-year-old girl, each with a history of idiopathic panuveitis that persisted for 4, 8, 4, and 5 years, respectively. Upadacitinib effectively reduced ocular inflammation in all four cases during the first month of treatment. Following upadacitinib treatment, adalimumab was discontinued or extended, and the immunosuppressive agents were gradually tapered. In two cases, it led to complete resolution of the anterior segment and vitreous inflammation and significant improvement in the posterior segment. However, two patients developed upper respiratory tract symptoms at the second and fifth months, respectively, both of which were associated with recurrence of ocular inflammation and required high-dose glucocorticoids for control. No other serious adverse events were documented in the four patients during the nine to ten months follow-up period. These cases indicate that upadacitinib may be an effective treatment strategy for adolescents with idiopathic chronic refractory panuveitis. However, the potential risk of infections should be considered and monitored.

CONDIÇÕES PATOLÓGICAS RELACIONADAS AO LIPEDEMA: CAUSAS E TRATAMENTOS

2025-06-13

Erika Paula Nunes de Souza , Viviane Rodrigues , André Cavichioli Brito | Revista Multidisciplinar do Nordeste Mineiro

O lipedema é uma doença crônica e progressiva marcada pelo acúmulo anômalo de gordura subcutânea, principalmente em mulheres, e frequentemente confundida com obesidade ou linfedema. Este estudo tem como objetivo … O lipedema é uma doença crônica e progressiva marcada pelo acúmulo anômalo de gordura subcutânea, principalmente em mulheres, e frequentemente confundida com obesidade ou linfedema. Este estudo tem como objetivo investigar, por meio de revisão de literatura, as principais condições patológicas relacionadas ao lipedema, suas possíveis causas e os tratamentos atualmente disponíveis. A análise revelou que o lipedema está relacionado a disfunções hormonais, alterações microvasculares e predisposição genética, além de gerar impactos físicos e psicológicos profundos. O referencial teórico aponta que inflamação crônica, resistência à insulina, disfunções linfáticas secundárias e alterações na matriz extracelular compõem o quadro fisiopatológico. Na discussão, destacou-se a carência de protocolos diagnósticos integrativos, a invisibilidade acadêmica e a negligência institucional, fatores que agravam o sofrimento das pacientes. Os tratamentos incluem abordagens conservadoras (como fisioterapia e dieta cetogênica), cirúrgicas (lipoaspiração específica) e intervenções psicossociais. Conclui-se que o reconhecimento do lipedema como uma entidade clínica autônoma requer práticas multidisciplinares e humanizadas, além de políticas públicas que assegurem cuidado integral e reparação histórica às mulheres afetadas.

Sex Attractant for the Pandora Moth (Coloradia pandora davisi, Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) in Arizona

2025-06-10

Richard W. Hofstetter , Amanda Grady , Ryan P. Hanavan +3 more | Journal of the Lepidopterists’ Society

Ecological Assessment of Carabidae in Southern Morocco: A Case Study from Guelmim-Oued Noun

2025-06-06

Khalihana H’Maida , Mohammed Fekhaoui , Lahoucine Brini | Indian Journal of Entomology

Ground beetles of the family Carabidae (Coleoptera) play a very important role in stability as well as functioning of terrestrial ecosystems particularly as predators. This study provides the first inventory … Ground beetles of the family Carabidae (Coleoptera) play a very important role in stability as well as functioning of terrestrial ecosystems particularly as predators. This study provides the first inventory of Carabidae species in a semi-arid to arid Saharan region (Guelmim-Oued Noun region). A total of 15 species belonging to 11 tribes and 6 subfamilies were inventoried. Specimens were collected using sampling methods, including under-stone, beating the plants, and visual hunting. The diversity and presence of these species under extreme climatic conditions reflect their high ecological diversity for Carabidae beetles can change over time and space for several factors due to seasonal dynamics and altitude, as well as habitat structure change, impact from environmental factors, and climate change. The results emphasize the ecological importance of Carabidae in maintaining trophic balance and their potential role in future conservation and biodiversity monitoring programs to support arid and semi-arid ecosystems. The study provides baseline data for desert beetle fauna, which is poorly known.

Retales

2025-06-03

Francisco Javier Puerto Sarmiento | Panorama actual del medicamento

En este artículo se presenta una recopilación de diversos productos históricos relacionados con la higiene y alimentación infantil, mayoritariamente comercializados en España entre finales del siglo XIX y mediados del … En este artículo se presenta una recopilación de diversos productos históricos relacionados con la higiene y alimentación infantil, mayoritariamente comercializados en España entre finales del siglo XIX y mediados del siglo XX, que habían quedado olvidados en artículos anteriores. Entre ellos, jabones medicinales como el jabón de brea, así como productos emblemáticos como el jabón de sales de Carabaña. También se incluyen objetos de tocador y cosmética como la vaselinas perfumadas, así como elementos de higiene de niños y adultos. Se documentan asimismo las fórmulas y aplicaciones de diversos alimentos infantiles y productos dietéticos, prestando atención al papel de la propaganda en la promoción de estos productos, algunos de los cuales se presentaron como alternativas a la lactancia materna. El valor de estos objetos no se limita a su importancia científica o terapéutica, sino que alcanza a su diseño y a su papel revelador de la concepción cultural de la infancia en su época. Estos materiales publicitarios se convierten así en testigos de la preocupación por la salud infantil en un contexto de desarrollo de la industria farmacéutica.

Erste Hilfe bei Sonnenbrand und Mückenstichen

2025-06-01

Stefanie Fastnacht | HautinForm

Posteriore oder Panuveitis mit Dystrophie: hereditäre Retinopathien ausschließen

2025-06-01

| Klinische Monatsblätter für Augenheilkunde

Der Zeh ist irgendwie in die falsche Richtung abgebogen

2025-06-01

Jens Rüthemann | MMW - Fortschritte der Medizin

OFTALMOLOGIE VETERINARĂ

2025-05-30

Iuliana Ionașcu | Practica Veterinara ro

Corneea și corpii străini Corneea și corpii străini

Tiny predators avoid herbivorous caterpillar traces to prevent revolutionary predation

2025-05-29

Shiori Kinto , Shuichi Yano | Research Square (Research Square)

<title>Abstract</title> We report the first example of predators having a strategy to avoid ‘revolutionary predation’ by herbivores, i.e. predation on the higher trophic levels by the lower ones. The predatory … <title>Abstract</title> We report the first example of predators having a strategy to avoid ‘revolutionary predation’ by herbivores, i.e. predation on the higher trophic levels by the lower ones. The predatory mites Neoseiulus womersleyi and Euseius sojaensis are smaller than 0.5 mm and lay eggs on plant leaf surfaces; thus, their immobile eggs would be incidentally consumed along with leaves by voracious lepidopteran caterpillars. We experimentally demonstrated that eggs of both mite species were preyed upon by tested hawkmoth caterpillars (Theretra oldenlandiae, Theretra japonica) along with leaves. Therefore, the ability to avoid such revolutionary predation should confer a selective advantage to mites. We further demonstrated that adult females of both mite species avoided laying eggs on leaves with traces of all tested caterpillars (T. oldenlandiae, T. japonica, Papilio xuthus and Bombyx mori), indicating that eggs may avoid revolutionary predation by voracious caterpillars that may be nearby. This is the first demonstration of a repellent effect of herbivore traces on carnivores. Considering previous studies showing that spider mites as small as predatory mites also avoid caterpillar traces, the same need to avoid predation by huge caterpillars may have led to the development of the same solutions for both spider mites and predatory mites.

Ficha de Penaeus notialis

2025-05-29

Fúlvio Aurélio de Morais Freire , Rogério Caetano da Costa , João Alberto Farinelli Pantaleão +4 more | Datasets - Sistema SALVE - ICMBio

Population Dynamics of the Cabbage Butterfly [Pieris brassicae L. (Lepidoptera: Pieridae)] on Broccoli in the Western Himalayan Region

2025-05-29

Rajanish Chandra Mishra , Priyanka Das , Pankaj Bahuguna | Annual Research & Review in Biology

The present investigation was carried out at the Vegetable Research Farm of the Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, VCSG Uttarakhand University of Horticulture and Forestry, Bharsar, Pauri Garhwal, … The present investigation was carried out at the Vegetable Research Farm of the Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, VCSG Uttarakhand University of Horticulture and Forestry, Bharsar, Pauri Garhwal, Uttarakhand, to study the population dynamics of cabbage butterfly on broccoli. The standard weeks were considered as treatments. The experiment was conducted in two cropping seasons with twelve treatments and three replications. The number of eggs, larvae, number of pupae and adults of the cabbage butterfly were visually recorded at each standard week by correlating with weather parameters in two cropping seasons. During the first season (17th– 28th standard week) the eggs of the cabbage butterfly increased gradually and reached a peak level of 11.49 eggs at 24th standard week, 12.83 larvae at 23rd standard week, 10.49 pupae at 24th standard week and 1.34 adults at 23rd standard week. In the second season (37th – 48th standard week), the eggs laid by the Cabbage white butterfly increased gradually and reached a peak level of 10.49 eggs in 44th standard week, 10.56 larvae at 40th standard week, 8.48 pupa at 48th standard week and 0.48 adult at 48th standard week. The decline trend was observed due to the fall of optimum weather conditions for the cabbage butterfly.

Assessment of an eco-friendly diatomaceous Earth collar trap for controlling pine processionary caterpillars Thaumetopoea pityocampa (Lepidoptera: Notodontidae) (Denis and Schiffermüller, 1775)

2025-05-27

Yassine Bounouira , Ameur Chérif , Kadda Mohamed Amine Chouhim +5 more

Diversity and bio-ecology of edible caterpillars in the bimodal rainforest of Cameroon

2025-05-27

Ouaba José , Félix Meutchieye , Komi Agboka +7 more | Journal of Insects as Food and Feed

Abstract Edible caterpillars are among the most traded commodities in Cameroon, yet there is limited data on their species diversity and host trees. The study addressed this gap through semi-structured … Abstract Edible caterpillars are among the most traded commodities in Cameroon, yet there is limited data on their species diversity and host trees. The study addressed this gap through semi-structured interviews with local experts from 11 localities in the bimodal forest zone of Cameroon. The experts provided local names of edible caterpillars and their host trees. Between August 2020 and September 2021, 15 edible caterpillar specimens were collected and identified through morphological and molecular methods. The identified species belong to the Erebidae, Notodontidae, and Saturniidae families. The study recorded over 22 host trees, with Entandrophragma cylindricum ‘Sapelli’, Baillonella toxisperma ‘Moabi’, Erythrophleum ivorense ‘Tali’, and Petersianthus macrocarpus ‘Essia’ being the most common. The trees, from diverse plant families, are heavily exploited for timber, creating a dual pressure on both timber and non-timber resources, including edible caterpillars. Gonimbrasia oyemensis and Cirina forda emerged as the most vulnerable species due to their monophagy and reliance on highly exploited host trees. The Maximum Entropy model successfully identifies suitable habitats for these host trees beyond Cameroon. The model’s high accuracy and predictive power offer valuable insights for conservation efforts to preserve edible caterpillars and their host plants across Africa. The research provides critical data on edible insects in Cameroon, highlighting the cultural significance of their host plants and offering a robust model for sustainable exploitation and conservation management.

Abacus ist der Mittelpunkt – alles in einem

2025-05-27

Parasitoids reduce growth rate in oak-feeding caterpillars

2025-05-27

Freerk Molleman , Ahmet Tambay , Soumen Mallick +3 more

Koinobiont parasitoids have been shown to both reduce and increase the growth rate of caterpillars. However, no comprehensive study has been conducted on all caterpillar hosts of a given plant … Koinobiont parasitoids have been shown to both reduce and increase the growth rate of caterpillars. However, no comprehensive study has been conducted on all caterpillar hosts of a given plant species. Moreover, most of the existing case studies are on large caterpillars attacking crop plants. This may not be representative of the effect of parasitoids on caterpillar growth on trees. We measured the growth rate of parasitised and non-parasitised spring caterpillars collected from oak trees (Quercus robur & Q. petraea) in France and Poland. Across six species of Lepidoptera, parasitoids reduced caterpillar growth rate on average. Further studies should determine if the reduced growth rate is accompanied by lower consumption rates, so that the plant directly benefits from attracting parasitoids when they are attacked by caterpillars.

Unusual Winter Activity of the Ottoman Viper (Montivipera xanthina) in Türkiye

2025-05-24

Çağatay Bayram , Mehmet Kürşat Şahin , Muammer Kurnaz

The seasonal dynamics of reptile species and their responses to fluctuations in environmental temperature play a crucial role in their overall ecological functions. Reptiles are ectothermic organisms, meaning their activity … The seasonal dynamics of reptile species and their responses to fluctuations in environmental temperature play a crucial role in their overall ecological functions. Reptiles are ectothermic organisms, meaning their activity levels are largely influenced by external temperatures. While most reptile species in temperate regions enter a state of hibernation during colder months, some exceptions may occur due to environmental changes. In this study, an unusual instance of winter activity was documented for Montivipera xanthina (Ottoman viper) in the Karalan-Eskişehir region of Turkey. A single individual was observed on November 2, 2024, at an ambient temperature of 18.6°C. This observation provides significant insights into the winter behaviors of reptiles, which are generally considered inactive during this period. A review of existing literature reveals no prior records of Montivipera xanthina exhibiting activity in November or any other winter months. Therefore, this study presents the first known documentation of winter activity in this species, raising questions about the potential effects of climate change on reptilian seasonal behaviors. Rising temperatures and shifting seasonal patterns may be altering the hibernation strategies of reptiles, leading to extended activity periods. Such changes could have ecological consequences, affecting predator-prey interactions, reproductive cycles, and overall species distributions.

Zeytun zərərvericilərinin entomofaqları

2025-05-22

Rəvanə Rəhimova | SCIENTIFIC WORK

The Multiple Faces of Setae Induced Ocular Inflammation (Ophthalmia Nodosa): A Review

2025-05-22

J. González Martín-Moro , Victor Altares-Mateos , Victoria Padeira Iranzo +4 more

Ophthalmia nodosa is an inflammatory ocular condition caused by the penetration of arthropod hairs (setae) into the eye. This review aims to systematize current knowledge on the condition, identify knowledge … Ophthalmia nodosa is an inflammatory ocular condition caused by the penetration of arthropod hairs (setae) into the eye. This review aims to systematize current knowledge on the condition, identify knowledge gaps, and propose an updated classification. A systematic literature review was conducted in July 2024 in PubMed and Cochrane Central. Articles focusing on non-ophthalmological manifestations, zoological aspects, or cases in animals were excluded. Relevant data were extracted from each study, including demographic information, causal species, clinical manifestations, and disease classification. A total of 112 articles were included in the review, with 84 addressing caterpillar-related cases and 28 focusing on tarantula-related cases. The condition was most frequently reported in India and Europe. In Europe, the processionary caterpillar is a common cause. Cases involving tarantulas are typically linked to domestic incidents. Most cases result in mild inflammation, but in some instances, intraocular penetration leads to severe complications, including irreversible visual loss. Diagnosis relies primarily on slit-lamp examination, but OCT and confocal microscopy improve setae detection. The review also highlights the limitations of Cadera's classification, as disease progression does not always follow its defined stages. Ophthalmia nodosa remains an underrecognized cause of ocular inflammation. While advances in corticosteroid therapy and vitrectomy have improved outcomes, knowledge gaps persist, particularly regarding the pathogenesis of seasonal hyperacute panuveitis (SHAPU). A new classification system is proposed to better reflect disease progression and improve clinical management.

An overview of the infectious diseases of edible wild silkworm Antheraea pernyi (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae)

2025-05-21

Shibin Bai , Xin Fu , Y.-P. Li +4 more

Abstract Chinese oak silkworm Antheraea pernyi Guérin-Méneville 1855 (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) is an economically important insect used for food consumption and silk production. Unlike domestic silkworm Bombyx mori L. 1758 (Lepidoptera: … Abstract Chinese oak silkworm Antheraea pernyi Guérin-Méneville 1855 (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) is an economically important insect used for food consumption and silk production. Unlike domestic silkworm Bombyx mori L. 1758 (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) whose larvae are reared indoors, A. pernyi larvae are still reared outdoors in oak tree on the hillside that are inevitably exposed to various pathogens. These pathogens can cause nearly 40% loss of potential yield. With the accumulation of experience and knowledge, notable progress has been made in the prevention and control of A. pernyi infectious diseases. In this review, we summarise the research status of A. pernyi infectious diseases in production, including 2 viruses, 5 pebrines, 5 bacterioses, and 1 muscardine, focusing on their pathogen biology, typical symptoms, epidemiological law, and pathogen detection. The prevention and control of A. pernyi infectious diseases in practice were outlined. The quarantine system, disease-resistant breeding, and will-be control of A. pernyi diseases by genomics were discussed. This review provides a basis for future research to prevent and control the infectious diseases of wild silkworms.

Early detection of caterpillars using artificial intelligence

2025-05-21

Sergejs Kodors , Ilmārs Apeināns , Imants Vancans +2 more | Engineering for Rural Development

Entomofauna are essential for agricultural productivity and ecological balance. Understanding interactions among pollinators and pests is key to sustainable agriculture. Caterpillars, as pests, damage crops by feeding on tissues and … Entomofauna are essential for agricultural productivity and ecological balance. Understanding interactions among pollinators and pests is key to sustainable agriculture. Caterpillars, as pests, damage crops by feeding on tissues and spreading diseases, and reducing the yield and its quality. Therefore, early detection of caterpillars is essential for agriculture, it can be achieved using artificial intelligence embedded into agrobots or unmanned aerial vehicles following the concept of precision farming. This study introduces the dataset Caterpillar640, which contains 1,300 images of caterpillars, which were captured in natural conditions in Latvia. The images are annotated and prepared for artificial intelligence training by using YOLO architecture. The collected dataset is publicly available and distributed under an open license, providing valuable resources for research in precision farming and biodiversity monitoring. The artificial intelligence was developed using three convolution neural network architectures: YOLOv8, YOLOv9 and YOLOv10. The medium-sized models (YOLOv8m, YOLOv9m, and YOLOv10m) were selected for the comparison experiment. The comparison showed that YOLOv8m achieved the best results 0.887 [email protected], YOLOv9m and YOLOv10m achieved 0.873 [email protected] and 0.859 [email protected], respectively. The experiment was conducted by repeating the training of each neural network model five times. The trained models can be embedded into IoT sensors, agrobots and drones for autonomous monitoring of fields, orchards and gardens offering an efficient solution for pest and biodiversity monitoring. Additionally, the dataset Caterpillar640 can be applied by researchers to train general convolutional neural networks for agricultural tasks combining it with other agricultural datasets that can impact on the accuracy of pre-trained models.

Instar Head Widths, Individual Biomass, and Development Rate of Forest Tent Caterpillar, Malacosoma Disstria (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae), At Two Densities in the Laboratory

2025-05-21

Jocelyn M. Muggli , William E. Miller