Medicine › Reproductive Medicine

Science, Research, and Medicine

Description

This cluster of papers covers a wide range of topics in biomedical science and health research, including drug development, genomic studies, cancer research, nanomedicines, global health challenges, ethical considerations, and sustainability in healthcare. It reflects the ongoing efforts to advance medical knowledge and address complex health issues on a global scale.

Keywords

Biomedical Science; Health Research; Drug Development; Genomic Studies; Public Health; Cancer Research; Nanomedicines; Global Health Challenges; Ethical Considerations; Sustainability in Healthcare

PART I: ENVIRONMENTAL SIGNALS AND NORMAL DEVELOPMENT The Environment as a Normal Agent in Producing Phenotypes How Agents in the Environment Effect Molecular Changes in Development Developmental Symbiosis: Co-Development as … PART I: ENVIRONMENTAL SIGNALS AND NORMAL DEVELOPMENT The Environment as a Normal Agent in Producing Phenotypes How Agents in the Environment Effect Molecular Changes in Development Developmental Symbiosis: Co-Development as a Strategy for Life Embryonic Defenses: Survival in a Hostile World PART II: ECOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY AND DISEASE STATES Teratogenesis: Environmental Assaults on Development Endocrine Disruptors The Epigenetic Origin of Adult Diseases PART III: TOWARD A DEVELOPMENTAL EVOLUTIONARY SYNTHESIS The Modern Synthesis: Natural Selection of Allelic Variation Evolution through Developmental Regulatory Genes Environment, Development, and Evolution: Toward a New Synthesis CODA: Philosophical Concerns Raised by Ecological Developmental Biology APPENDX A: Lysenko, Kammerer, and the Truncated Tradition of Ecological Developmental Biology APPENDIX B: The Molecular Mechanisms of Epigenetic Change APPENDIX C: Writing Development Out of the Modern Synthesis APPENDIX D: Epigenetic Inheritance Systems: The Inheritance of Environmentally Induced Traits
Carcinogenesis is a multistage process driven by carcinogen-induced genetic and epigenetic damage in susceptible cells that gain a selective growth advantage and undergo clonal expansion as the result of activation … Carcinogenesis is a multistage process driven by carcinogen-induced genetic and epigenetic damage in susceptible cells that gain a selective growth advantage and undergo clonal expansion as the result of activation of protooncogenes and/or inactivation of tumor suppressor genes. Therefore, the mutational spectra of chemical and physical carcinogens in these critical genes are of interest to define endogenous and exogenous mutational mechanisms. The p53 tumor suppressor gene is ideally suited for analysis of the mutational spectrum. Such an analysis has revealed evidence for both exogenous and endogenous molecular mechanisms of carcinogenesis. For example, an informative p53 mutational spectrum of frequent G----T transversions in codon 249 is found in hepatocellular carcinomas from either Qidong, People's Republic of China, or southern Africa. This observation links exposure to aflatoxin B1, a known cancer risk factor in these geographic regions, with a specific mutation in a cancer-related gene. Other studies indicate that abnormalities in genes controlling the cell cycle may cause genomic instability and increase the probability of neoplastic transformation. Finally, mechanistic understanding of carcinogenesis is leading to improved cancer risk assessment and to the identification of individuals at high cancer risk.
The Hippo pathway was initially discovered in Drosophila melanogaster as a key regulator of tissue growth. It is an evolutionarily conserved signaling cascade regulating numerous biological processes, including cell growth … The Hippo pathway was initially discovered in Drosophila melanogaster as a key regulator of tissue growth. It is an evolutionarily conserved signaling cascade regulating numerous biological processes, including cell growth and fate decision, organ size ...Read More
This is an expensive account of a rather inappropriately titled symposium.Only four or five papers deal with the effects of long-term drug usage, and this count de- pends on a … This is an expensive account of a rather inappropriately titled symposium.Only four or five papers deal with the effects of long-term drug usage, and this count de- pends on a generous interpretation of the word 'long'.The remaining contributions cover the classical fields and models of teratology.Many, particularly those from American contributors, have been published in more detail elsewhere.A notable exception is the contribution by R. L. Brent, and there is a valuable article on the incidence of variation and malformations in ani- mals by A. K. Palmer.Although the dangers of specu- lation on the teratogenic effects of drugs are emphasized by one writer, who reminds us of their value and neces- sity in clinical medicine, many other authors are more self-indulgent.An article by I. D. G. Richards puts the risks in better perspective.The volume will be of limited use to workers in the field of teratology who will already be familiar with most of the information to be found within it.
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If one has any complaint about this chapter it is that the description of the technique of phacoemulsification makes it seem far simpler to carry out than it is in … If one has any complaint about this chapter it is that the description of the technique of phacoemulsification makes it seem far simpler to carry out than it is in practice.The chapter on intraocular lens implantation deals only with the lens of Sinskey style.Apart from the Sinskey lens, the Sinskey forceps and Sinskey hook also feature in the text at this point.As the preface indicates, this book has been written for a surgeon beginning surgical training, and as a clear account of extracapsular cataract technique it serves this purpose nicely.
The reprinting of this classic is pleasing and indicates continued or increasing interest in this excellent book. It should be read by all medical students and young men planning a … The reprinting of this classic is pleasing and indicates continued or increasing interest in this excellent book. It should be read by all medical students and young men planning a research career in medicine. Claude Bernard's role in physiology and experimental medicine can never be forgotten. To have an opportunity to profit from the wisdom of such a great man is certainly a privilege. Unfortunately, other great scientists did not make it possible for those who followed them to profit from such advice.
Ten years ago, the proposition that healthcare is evolving from reactive disease care to care that is predictive, preventive, personalized and participatory was regarded as highly speculative. Today, the core … Ten years ago, the proposition that healthcare is evolving from reactive disease care to care that is predictive, preventive, personalized and participatory was regarded as highly speculative. Today, the core elements of that vision are widely accepted and have been articulated in a series of recent reports by the US Institute of Medicine. Systems approaches to biology and medicine are now beginning to provide patients, consumers and physicians with personalized information about each individual's unique health experience of both health and disease at the molecular, cellular and organ levels. This information will make disease care radically more cost effective by personalizing care to each person's unique biology and by treating the causes rather than the symptoms of disease. It will also provide the basis for concrete action by consumers to improve their health as they observe the impact of lifestyle decisions. Working together in digitally powered familial and affinity networks, consumers will be able to reduce the incidence of the complex chronic diseases that currently account for 75% of disease-care costs in the USA.
In two series of experiments made at the end of 1911 and at the beginning of 1912, new techniques were developed with the view of investigating the problem of prolonging … In two series of experiments made at the end of 1911 and at the beginning of 1912, new techniques were developed with the view of investigating the problem of prolonging indefinitely the life of tissues isolated from the organism. These techniques are far from perfect and will doubtless be modified in the future. But they have already permitted the establishment of new facts. Fragments of connective tissue have been kept in vitro in a condition of active life for more than two months. As a few cultures are now eighty-five days old and are growing very actively, it is probable that, if no accident occurs, the life of these cultures will continue for a long time. In some cases the rate of growth of the tissues increased in direct ratio to the age of the culture. Fragments of heart pulsated rhythmically at the beginning of the third month of their life in vitro. These facts show that experiments made with these or with more perfect techniques and followed over long periods of time may lead to the solution of the problem of permanent life of tissues in vitro, and give important information on the characters acquired by tissues liberated from the control of the organism from which they were derived.
The Hippo pathway was initially discovered in Drosophila melanogaster as a key regulator of tissue growth. It is an evolutionarily conserved signaling cascade regulating numerous biological processes, including cell growth … The Hippo pathway was initially discovered in Drosophila melanogaster as a key regulator of tissue growth. It is an evolutionarily conserved signaling cascade regulating numerous biological processes, including cell growth and fate decision, organ size ...Read More
The Hippo pathway was initially discovered in Drosophila melanogaster as a key regulator of tissue growth. It is an evolutionarily conserved signaling cascade regulating numerous biological processes, including cell growth … The Hippo pathway was initially discovered in Drosophila melanogaster as a key regulator of tissue growth. It is an evolutionarily conserved signaling cascade regulating numerous biological processes, including cell growth and fate decision, organ size ...Read More
The Hippo pathway was initially discovered in Drosophila melanogaster as a key regulator of tissue growth. It is an evolutionarily conserved signaling cascade regulating numerous biological processes, including cell growth … The Hippo pathway was initially discovered in Drosophila melanogaster as a key regulator of tissue growth. It is an evolutionarily conserved signaling cascade regulating numerous biological processes, including cell growth and fate decision, organ size ...Read More
A radical and optimistic view of future course of human development from Ray Kurzweil, whom Bill Gates calls the best person I know at predicting future of artificial intelligence. A radical and optimistic view of future course of human development from Ray Kurzweil, whom Bill Gates calls the best person I know at predicting future of artificial intelligence.
Journal Article THE GROWTH AND MAINTENANCE OF TISSUE–CELL CULTURES IN FREE GAS EXCHANGE WITH THE ATMOSPHERE Get access ALBERT LEIBOVITZ ALBERT LEIBOVITZ 2Lt. Col., MSC. Search for other works by … Journal Article THE GROWTH AND MAINTENANCE OF TISSUE–CELL CULTURES IN FREE GAS EXCHANGE WITH THE ATMOSPHERE Get access ALBERT LEIBOVITZ ALBERT LEIBOVITZ 2Lt. Col., MSC. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar American Journal of Epidemiology, Volume 78, Issue 2, September 1963, Pages 173–180, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a120336 Published: 01 September 1963 Article history Received: 23 March 1963 Published: 01 September 1963
WHO launches megatrial to test repurposed drugs and experimental drug candidates. WHO launches megatrial to test repurposed drugs and experimental drug candidates.
The Hippo pathway was initially discovered in Drosophila melanogaster as a key regulator of tissue growth. It is an evolutionarily conserved signaling cascade regulating numerous biological processes, including cell growth … The Hippo pathway was initially discovered in Drosophila melanogaster as a key regulator of tissue growth. It is an evolutionarily conserved signaling cascade regulating numerous biological processes, including cell growth and fate decision, organ size ...Read More
Select contents: Adelberger of Lombardy (Italian physician) Grace Andrews (US mathematician) Aspasia (Greek natural philosopher) Charlotte Auerbach (UK geneticist) Duck-Heung Bang (Korean Physician) Evelyn Briggs Baldwin (US meterologist, explorer) Harriet … Select contents: Adelberger of Lombardy (Italian physician) Grace Andrews (US mathematician) Aspasia (Greek natural philosopher) Charlotte Auerbach (UK geneticist) Duck-Heung Bang (Korean Physician) Evelyn Briggs Baldwin (US meterologist, explorer) Harriet Bigelow (US astronomer) Luci Blanquies (French physicist) Marjorie Lee Brown (US mathematician) Wafaa El Sadeek (Egyptian archaeologist ) Faustina (Roman physician) Yoshi Katsurada (Japanese mathematician) Liliana Lubinska (Polish neuroscientist) Sarah Mather (US inventor) Radha Pant (Indian biologist)
The Growth in Vitro of Single Isolated Tissue Cells Get access Katherine K. Sanford, Katherine K. Sanford Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar … The Growth in Vitro of Single Isolated Tissue Cells Get access Katherine K. Sanford, Katherine K. Sanford Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Wilton R. Earle, Wilton R. Earle Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Gwendolyn D. Likely Gwendolyn D. Likely National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Public Health Service Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 9, Issue 3, December 1948, Pages 229–246, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/9.3.229 Published: 01 December 1948 Article history Received: 16 August 1948 Published: 01 December 1948
Shivani Kaul | CRC Press eBooks
Course-based undergraduate research experiences (CUREs) are an effective strategy to teach students about the process of scientific research. Students participating in a CURE also benefit in numerous other ways, such … Course-based undergraduate research experiences (CUREs) are an effective strategy to teach students about the process of scientific research. Students participating in a CURE also benefit in numerous other ways, such as gaining increased enthusiasm for science and increased retention in a STEM field. Because scientific research is increasingly interdisciplinary and collaborative, recently developed CUREs have begun to incorporate interdisciplinary approaches and networking components. Interdisciplinary, networked CUREs have, in several cases, expanded learning gains for participating students beyond the benefits of traditional CUREs. Here, we describe a novel interdisciplinary, collaborative CURE. Our CURE was launched with four participating primarily undergraduate institutions (PUIs) and the broad research goal of characterizing mutagen-sensitive alleles in Drosophila melanogaster. Student surveys suggest that our CURE has successfully contributed to learning gains across a variety of areas, including increased project ownership, increased experience with collaboration, and increased experience with interdisciplinary research. Furthermore, participating faculty have benefitted from increased scholarly productivity. Our CURE could be expanded to include additional institutions, or could serve as a model for PUI faculty interested in developing their own collaborations as a strategy to tackle broad, interdisciplinary projects.
| Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
Lawmakers reject some cuts, question others. Lawmakers reject some cuts, question others.
Already rocked by decades of political interference, corporate influence, mismanagement, and partisan efforts to undermine its authority, the expert bureaucracy, the "lifeblood" of the US administrative state, is now gasping … Already rocked by decades of political interference, corporate influence, mismanagement, and partisan efforts to undermine its authority, the expert bureaucracy, the "lifeblood" of the US administrative state, is now gasping for air. On 23 May, President Trump issued an executive order (EO)-Restoring Gold Standard Science-promising to fix these issues. Instead, the EO is poised to make them far worse: It officially empowers political appointees to override conclusions and interpretations of government scientists, threaten their professional autonomy, and undermine the scientific capacity of research and regulatory agencies.
Zhaohui Su | Internal and Emergency Medicine
| Journal of Experimental Biology
ECR Spotlight is a series of interviews with early-career authors from a selection of papers published in Journal of Experimental Biology and aims to promote not only the diversity of … ECR Spotlight is a series of interviews with early-career authors from a selection of papers published in Journal of Experimental Biology and aims to promote not only the diversity of early-career researchers (ECRs) working in experimental biology but also the huge variety of animals and physiological systems that are essential for the ā€˜comparative’ approach. Ruiping Xu is an author on ā€˜ Effects of artificial light at night on basal thermogenesis and gut microbiota in two small passerine birds’, published in JEB. Ruiping is a PhD student in the lab of Dehua Wang at School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, China, investigating how environmental factors shape physiology, metabolism and behavior in small mammals and birds.