Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science

Middle East and Rwanda Conflicts

Works Count: 66077

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Description

This cluster of papers explores the intersection of media and politics in the Middle East, with a focus on countries such as Qatar, Rwanda, Yemen, and Oman. It delves into topics such as the influence of media on political events, the role of media in conflicts and uprisings, and the impact of media on public perception and policy-making. Additionally, it examines the portrayal of genocide, tribal politics, and foreign policy in the media within this region.

Keywords

Media; Politics; Middle East; Qatar; Rwanda; Yemen; GCC; Arab Spring; Oman; Genocide

Referendums around the World

1994-01-01

David Butler , Austin Ranney

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The Handbook of Reparations

2006-03-01

Pablo de Greiff

Its contributions to the UN's Rule of Law Tools for Post-Conflict States and its Handbook on Reparations were influential in defining best practices for the design. Special Rapporteur on the … Its contributions to the UN's Rule of Law Tools for Post-Conflict States and its Handbook on Reparations were influential in defining best practices for the design. Special Rapporteur on the promotion of truth, justice, reparation and guarantees (2009), Justice as Prevention (2007), and Handbook of Reparations (2006). The questions around reparations to descendants of slaves in America often trigger Furthermore, you are ignorant of the 1936 FHA Handbook that restricts.

Killing neighbors: webs of violence in Rwanda

2010-01-01

Lee Ann Fujii

The Order of Genocide: Race, Power, and War in Rwanda

2006-01-01

Nicolas van de Walle , Scott Straus

Introduction 1. Background to the Genocide 2. Genocide at the National and Regional Levels 3. Local Dynamics 4. The Genocidaires 5. Why Perpetrators Say They Committed Genocide 6. The Logic … Introduction 1. Background to the Genocide 2. Genocide at the National and Regional Levels 3. Local Dynamics 4. The Genocidaires 5. Why Perpetrators Say They Committed Genocide 6. The Logic of Genocide 7. Historical Patterns of Violence 8. Rwanda's Leviathan ConclusionAppendix Index

Re-imagining Rwanda: conflict, survival and disinformation in the late twentieth century

2003-07-01

Johan Pottier

1. Build-up to war and genocide: society and economy in Rwanda and Eastern Zaire 2. Mind the gap: how the international press reported on society, politics and history 3. For … 1. Build-up to war and genocide: society and economy in Rwanda and Eastern Zaire 2. Mind the gap: how the international press reported on society, politics and history 3. For beginners, by beginners: knowledge construction under the Rwandese Patriotic Front 4. Labelling refugees: international aid and the discourse of genocide 5. Masterclass in surreal diplomacy: understanding the culture of 'political correctness' 6. Land and social development: changes, proposals and their imagery 7. Conclusion: representation and destiny Bibliography.

Brother-Sister Marriage in Roman Egypt

1980-07-01

Keith Hopkins

A Favourable Horoscope: ‘If a son is born when the Sun is in the terms of Mercury, he will be successful and have great power … He will be brave … A Favourable Horoscope: ‘If a son is born when the Sun is in the terms of Mercury, he will be successful and have great power … He will be brave and tall and will acquire property and moreover will be married to his own sister and will have children by her.’

Purity and Danger: An analysis of concepts of pollution and taboo

1967-05-01

Charles Madge

Oil and Politics in the Gulf: Rulers and Merchants in Kuwait and Qatar.

1991-05-01

Rodney Wilson , Jill Crystal

Preface Kuwait family tree Qatar family tree 1. State formation and oil 2. History's legacy: Kuwait and Qatar before oil 3. Kuwait on the eve of oil 4. Kuwait after … Preface Kuwait family tree Qatar family tree 1. State formation and oil 2. History's legacy: Kuwait and Qatar before oil 3. Kuwait on the eve of oil 4. Kuwait after oil 5. Qatar 6. The Gulf War and its aftermath 7. Conclusion.

"Peaks of Yemen I summon": poetry as cultural practice in a North Yemeni tribe

1991-05-01

Steven C. Caton

In this first full-scale ethnographic study of Yemeni tribal poetry, Steven Caton reveals an astonishingly rich folkloric system where poetry is both a creation of art and a political and … In this first full-scale ethnographic study of Yemeni tribal poetry, Steven Caton reveals an astonishingly rich folkloric system where poetry is both a creation of art and a political and social act. Almost always spoken or chanted, Yemeni tribal poetry is cast in an idiom considered colloquial and ungrammatical, yet admired for its wit and spontaneity. In Yemeni society, the poet has power over people. By eloquence the poet can stir or, if his poetic talents are truly outstanding, motivate an audience to do his bidding. Yemeni tribesmen think, in fact, that poetry's transformative effect is too essential not to use for pressing public issues.Drawing on his three years of field research in North Yemen, Caton illustrates the significance of poetry in Yemeni society by analyzing three verse genres and their use in weddings, war mediations, and political discourse on the state. Moreover, Caton provides the first anthropology of poetics. Challenging Western cultural assumptions that political poetry can rarely rise above doggerel, Caton develops a model of poetry as cultural practice. To compose a poem is to construct oneself as a peacemaker, as a warrior, as a Muslim. Thus the poet engages in constitutive social practice. Because of its highly interdisciplinary approach, this book will interest a wide range of readers including anthropologists, linguists, folklorists, literary critics, and scholars of Middle Eastern society, language, and culture.

Territoriality: A Neglected Sociological Dimension

1967-10-01

Stanford M. Lyman , Marvin B. Scott

Journal Article Territoriality: A Neglected Sociological Dimension Get access Stanford M. Lyman, Stanford M. Lyman Sonoma State College Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google … Journal Article Territoriality: A Neglected Sociological Dimension Get access Stanford M. Lyman, Stanford M. Lyman Sonoma State College Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Marvin B. Scott Marvin B. Scott Sonoma State College Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Social Problems, Volume 15, Issue 2, Autumn 1967, Pages 236–249, https://doi.org/10.2307/799516 Published: 06 August 2014

The Evidence of Experience

1991-07-01

Joan W. Scott

The Rwanda Crisis: History of a Genocide

1996-01-01

Gail M. Gerhart , Gérard Prunier , Alain Destexhe

Offering an up-to-date historical perspective which should enable readers to fathom how the brutal massacres of 800,000 Rwandese came to pass in 1994, this volume includes a new chapter that … Offering an up-to-date historical perspective which should enable readers to fathom how the brutal massacres of 800,000 Rwandese came to pass in 1994, this volume includes a new chapter that brings the analysis up to the end of 1996. Gerard Prunier probes into how the genocidal events in Rwanda were part of a deadly logic - a plan that served central political and economic interests - rather than a result of primordial tribal hatreds, a notion often invoked by the media to dramatize genocide.

Speechless Emissaries: Refugees, Humanitarianism, and Dehistoricization

1996-08-01

Liisa H. Malkki

Purity and Danger: An Analysis of Concepts of Pollution and Taboo

1967-01-01

William McCormack , Mary Douglas

Purity and Danger is acknowledged as a modern masterpiece of anthropology. It is widely cited in non-anthropological works and gave rise to a body of application, rebuttal and development within … Purity and Danger is acknowledged as a modern masterpiece of anthropology. It is widely cited in non-anthropological works and gave rise to a body of application, rebuttal and development within anthropology. In 1995 the book was included among the Times Literary Supplement's hundred most influential non-fiction works since WWII. Incorporating the philosophy of religion and science and a generally holistic approach to classification, Douglas demonstrates the relevance of anthropological enquiries to an audience outside her immediate academic circle. She offers an approach to understanding rules of purity by examining what is considered unclean in various cultures. She sheds light on the symbolism of what is considered clean and dirty in relation to order in secular and religious, modern and primitive life.

The Calligraphic State: Textual Domination and History in a Muslim Society

1995-06-01

Gabriele vom Bruck , Brinkley Messick

In this innovative combination of anthropology, history, and postmodern theory, Brinkley Messick examines the changing relation of writing and authority in a Muslim society from the late nineteenth century to … In this innovative combination of anthropology, history, and postmodern theory, Brinkley Messick examines the changing relation of writing and authority in a Muslim society from the late nineteenth century to the present. The creation and interpretation of texts, from sacred scriptures to administrative and legal contracts, are among the fundamental ways that authority is established and maintained in a complex state. Yet few scholars have explored this process and the ways in which it changes, especially outside the Western world. Messick brings together intensive ethnography and textual analysis from a wealth of material: Islamic jurisprudence, Yemeni histories, local documents. In exploring the structure and transformation of literacy, law, and statecraft in Yemen, he raises important issues that are of comparative significance for understanding political life in other Muslim and nonwestern states as well.

Rwanda, ten years on: From genocide to dictatorship

2004-04-01

Filip Reyntjens

Ten years after the 1994 genocide, Rwanda is experiencing not democracy and reconciliation but dictatorship and exclusion. Although the government led by the Rwanda Patriotic Front has achieved rapid institutional … Ten years after the 1994 genocide, Rwanda is experiencing not democracy and reconciliation but dictatorship and exclusion. Although the government led by the Rwanda Patriotic Front has achieved rapid institutional reconstruction and relatively good bureaucratic governance, it has also concentrated power and wealth in the hands of a very small minority, practised ethnic discrimination, eliminated every form of dissent, destroyed civil society, conducted a fundamentally flawed 'democratization' process, and massively violated human rights at home and abroad. The Rwandan army twice invaded neighbouring Zaire-Congo, where its initial security concerns gave way to a logic of plunder. It has caused protracted regional instability and derailed the transition process in the Democratic Republic of Congo. The Rwandan government has succeeded in avoiding condemnation by astutely exploiting the 'genocide credit' and by skilful information management. The international community has been complicit in the rebuilding of a dictatorship under the guise of democracy. It assumes a grave responsibility in allowing structural violence to develop once again, just as before 1994. In years to come, this may well lead to renewed acute violence.

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Reconciliation after Genocide, Mass Killing, or Intractable Conflict: Understanding the Roots of Violence, Psychological Recovery, and Steps toward a General Theory

2006-11-22

Ervin Staub

This article explores psychological avenues to reconciliation between groups. It describes the psychological changes in survivors, perpetrators, and passive bystanders in the course of the evolution of increasing violence and … This article explores psychological avenues to reconciliation between groups. It describes the psychological changes in survivors, perpetrators, and passive bystanders in the course of the evolution of increasing violence and points to healing from the psychological wounds created as an essential component of reconciliation. It also explores the role of understanding the roots of genocide, and of violence between groups in general, in contributing to healing, to the creation of a shared history in place of the usually contradictory histories held by groups that have been in violent conflict, and to reconciliation in general. The role of processes that have been emphasized in the literature on reconciliation, such as truth, justice, and contact between groups are discussed. Bottom up approaches focusing on the population and top down approaches involving leaders and the media, and the importance of changes in institutions and structures are discussed. The article exemplifies many of the issues and processes by a discussion of the genocide in Rwanda, and by the description of interventions, ranging from work with small groups, including leaders and the media, to radio programs that aimed to further reconciliation, as well as research evaluating an intervention.

Cultural theory and risk analysis

1992-01-01

Steve Rayner

The Gulf Conflict, 1990-1991: Diplomacy and War in the New World Order

1993-01-01

William B. Quandt , Lawrence Freedman , Efraim Karsh

This is an updated account of the events which led up to and followed Iraq's invasion of Kuwait. The authors aim to answer the many questions that still remain about … This is an updated account of the events which led up to and followed Iraq's invasion of Kuwait. The authors aim to answer the many questions that still remain about the events of late 1990 and early 1991 - why did Saddam Hussein invade Kuwait, was a combination of sanctions and diplomacy a viable alternative to war, was the air campaign really precise and how was Saddam Hussein able to survive such a catastrophic defeat?

We wish to inform you that tomorrow we will be killed with our families: stories from Rwanda

1999-02-01

Winner of the National Book Critics Circle Award for Nonfiction. In April 1994, the Rwandan government called upon everyone in the Hutu majority to kill each member of the Tutsi … Winner of the National Book Critics Circle Award for Nonfiction. In April 1994, the Rwandan government called upon everyone in the Hutu majority to kill each member of the Tutsi minority, and over the next three months 800,000 Tutsis perished in the most unambiguous case of genocide since Hitler's war against the Jews. Philip Gourevitch's haunting work is an anatomy of the war in Rwanda, a vivid history of the tragedy's background, and an unforgettable account of its aftermath. One of the most acclaimed books of the year, this account will endure as a chilling document of our time.

Explaining the 1994 genocide in Rwanda

1999-06-01

Helen Hintjens

Any adequate account of the 1994 genocide in Rwanda must acknowledge manipulation by external forces, domestic pressures and psychological factors. Even so, the nature of the Rwandan state must be … Any adequate account of the 1994 genocide in Rwanda must acknowledge manipulation by external forces, domestic pressures and psychological factors. Even so, the nature of the Rwandan state must be seen as absolutely central. The genocide took place under the aegis of the state, and Rwandans were the main actors involved. Both precolonial legacies and colonial policies contributed to the formation of this state, whose increasingly autocratic and unpopular government was, by the early 1990s, facing serious threats to its hold on state power, for which genocide represented a last-ditch attempt at survival. Many of the mechanisms through which genocide was prepared, implemented and justified in Rwanda bore striking resemblances to those used during the twentieth century's other major genocide, the Nazi Holocaust against the Jews.

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Frames of Remembrance: The Dynamics of Collective Memory.

1995-05-01

Barbie Zelizer , Iwona Irwin-Zarecka

Purity and Danger: An Analysis of Concepts of Pollution and Taboo.

1967-03-01

Edwin Ardener , Mary Douglas

When Victims Become Killers: Colonialism, Nativism, and the Genocide in Rwanda

2002-01-01

Jeanne Koopman , Mahmood Mamdani

Leave None to Tell the Story: Genocide in Rwanda

1999-01-01

Gail M. Gerhart

A critical look at Chinese ‘debt-trap diplomacy’: the rise of a meme

2019-12-06

Deborah Bräutigam

In 2017, a meme was born in a think tank in northern India: Chinese 'debt-trap diplomacy'. This meme quickly spread through the media, intelligence circles and Western governments. Within 12 … In 2017, a meme was born in a think tank in northern India: Chinese 'debt-trap diplomacy'. This meme quickly spread through the media, intelligence circles and Western governments. Within 12 months it generated nearly 2 million search results on Google in 0.52 seconds and was beginning to solidify into a deep historical truth. Stories can contain truths and falsehoods. Human emotions, including negativity bias, prime us to think in certain ways. This paper retells a series of stories about China's international involvement, including in Angola, Djibouti, Sri Lanka and Venezuela, that challenge the media's spin. It concludes with some suggestions about the relationship between academia and the media and policy worlds, and the need for scholars to speak 'truth' to 'power'.

The order of genocide: race, power, and war in Rwanda

2007-05-01

Frank Chalk

Scott Straus. The Order of Genocide: Race, Power, and War in Rwanda. Ithaca, N.Y. : Cornell University Press, 2006. xiv + 272 pp. Maps, Charts and Tables. Appendix. Bibliographyavailableon-lineatwww.polisci.wisc.edu. Index. … Scott Straus. The Order of Genocide: Race, Power, and War in Rwanda. Ithaca, N.Y. : Cornell University Press, 2006. xiv + 272 pp. Maps, Charts and Tables. Appendix. Bibliographyavailableon-lineatwww.polisci.wisc.edu. Index. $24.95. Cloth. Scott Straus ranks among the finest of the scholars writing in genocide studies. The Order of Genocide only confirms the reputation he has gained from earlier work: it is a fair-minded, important, and rigorous monograph. Drawing on more than two hundred interviews that he conducted with convicted Rwandan killers, and on many other sources, Straus builds a dynamic process model seeking to explain why and how ordinary people could be mobilized to murder their neighbors in the 1994 Rwandan genocide. Straus comes to his analysis after distinguished coverage for the Houston Chronicle of the 1996 in Zaire. In 1998 he enrolled in graduate school and quickly gravitated to theories of mass violence and African politics (x). Reading about the Rwanda genocide led him to conclude that theories about the genocide had outpaced the evidence (x). This is the gap he sets out to correct. In doing so he brings to this book extensive work with both open-ended and structured interviews with ordinary killers in prisons across Rwanda, and a thorough knowledge of the literature on the Great Lakes. He disaggregates regional violence, he analyzes the relevant geographic factors, and he provides linear regression analyses of key factors to create a solidly grounded, comprehensive interpretation of the spread of violence at the local level during the genocide. For this reviewer, Straus's most impressive contribution to the literature is his highlighting of the critical moments when region after region hovered at the tipping point, with power evenly balanced between Hutu hardliners and moderates. Straus illustrates how the intervention of key military and militia units, new advances by the Rwanda Patriotic Front, and broadcasts by radio station RTLM sapped the strength of the moderates and confirmed that the hardliners were in charge at the very center of power. Moderate officials then abandoned their resistance to government-sanctioned violence. Encouraged by local hardliner elites, mass killing followed. Under these circumstances, Straus argues, international intervention early in the genocide surely would have tipped the balance of power from Hutu hardliners to Hutu moderates. However, without international intervention, civil and insecurity fanned by government authorities empowered mass mobilization for targeted wholesale murder. In Straus's words, acute insecurity and orders from above ignited a categorical logic of race and ethnicity. In a defensive battle... and in the context of orders to kill, Tutsis became 'the enemy.' In short, neighbors became enemies in war (173). Central to this interpretation is Straus's argument that under conditions of intense civil war, face-to-face demands by local elites and neighbors to join in the killing were the keys to understanding mass participation in the Rwandan genocide. The very proximity of Hutu and Tutsi living together intensified the sense of deep insecurity among ordinary Hutu and this, to some, made the killing seem necessary. …

Life as Politics : How Ordinary People Change the Middle East

2010-01-01

Asef Bayat

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The Chemical Weapons Taboo

1998-07-01

Barton C. Hacker , Richard Price

When victims become killers: colonialism, nativism, and the genocide in Rwanda

2001-12-01

When Victims Become Killers: Colonialism, Nativism, and the Genocide in Rwanda

2003-07-01

John M. Janzen , Mahmood Mamdani

Political Discourse Analysis

2013-06-17

Isabela Fairclough , Norman Fairclough

In this accessible new textbook, Isabela and Norman Fairclough present their innovative approach to analysing political discourse. Political Discourse Analysis integrates analysis of arguments into critical discourse analysis and political … In this accessible new textbook, Isabela and Norman Fairclough present their innovative approach to analysing political discourse. Political Discourse Analysis integrates analysis of arguments into critical discourse analysis and political discourse analysis. The book is grounded in a view of politics in which deliberation, decision and action are crucial concepts: politics is about arriving cooperatively at decisions about what to do in the context of disagreement, conflict of interests and values, power inequalities, uncertainty and risk. The first half of the book introduces the authors' new approach to the analysis and evaluation of practical arguments, while the second half explores how it can be applied by looking at examples such as government reports, parliamentary debates, political speeches and online discussion forums on political issues. Through the analysis of current events, including a particular focus on the economic crisis and political responses to it, the authors provide a systematic and rigorous analytical framework that can be adopted and used for students' own research. This exciting new text, co-written by bestselling author Norman Fairclough, is essential reading for researchers, upper undergraduate and postgraduate students of discourse analysis, within English language, linguistics, communication studies, politics and other social sciences.

Disinventing and Reconstituting Languages

2006-12-31

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The cohesion of oppression: clientship and ethnicity in Rwanda, 1860-1960

1989-10-01

Negotiating control: a study of news sources

1989-10-01

Civil society in the Middle East

1996-12-01

Augustus Richard Norton

Launched in 1992, the Civil Society in the Middle East programme brought together numerous scholars to analyze political life through an exploration of civil society within the states of the … Launched in 1992, the Civil Society in the Middle East programme brought together numerous scholars to analyze political life through an exploration of civil society within the states of the region. It gathered material on non-governmental organizations (NGOs), unions, political parties and professional syndicates. This text, the second of two volumes, provides a comprehensive analysis of state-society relations in the Middle East. It contains original studies of Algeria, Gaza, Iran, Israel, Turkey, the Sudan, Yemen and the Arab states of the Gulf. Collectively, these contributions are intended to challenge the notion that civil society is alien to the Middle East.

Antecedents to modern Rwanda: the Nyiginya Kingdom

2005-10-01

Jan Vansina

To understand the genocide and other dramatic events of Rwanda's recent past, one must understand the history of the earlier realm. Jan Vansina provides a critique of the history recorded … To understand the genocide and other dramatic events of Rwanda's recent past, one must understand the history of the earlier realm. Jan Vansina provides a critique of the history recorded by early missionaries and court historians and provides a bottom-up view, drawing on hundreds of grassroots narratives. He describes the genesis of the Hutu and Tutsi identities, their growing social and political differences, their bitter feuds, revolts, and massacres, and the relevance of this dramatic history to the post-genocide Rwanda of today.

The Social Psychology of Intergroup Reconciliation

2008-03-20

Arie Nadler , Thomas E. Malloy , Jeffrey D. Fisher

INTRODUCTION: INTERGROUP RECONCILIATION - DIMENSIONS AND THEMES PART A: INTERGROUP RECONCILIATION: ITS NATURE PART B: SOCIO-EMOTIONAL RECONCILIATION: MOVING BEYOND VICTIMHOOD, GUILT, AND HUMILIATION (1) GUILT, VICTIMHOOD, AND FORGIVENESS (2) RESTORING … INTRODUCTION: INTERGROUP RECONCILIATION - DIMENSIONS AND THEMES PART A: INTERGROUP RECONCILIATION: ITS NATURE PART B: SOCIO-EMOTIONAL RECONCILIATION: MOVING BEYOND VICTIMHOOD, GUILT, AND HUMILIATION (1) GUILT, VICTIMHOOD, AND FORGIVENESS (2) RESTORING RESPECT AND ESTEEM PART C: INSTRUMENTAL RECONCILIATION: CONTACT, COMMON IDENTITY, AND EQUALITY (4) EQUALITY AND DIFFERENTIAL POWER PART D: PROGRAMS TO PROMOTE INTERGROUP RECONCILIATION PART E: INTERGROUP RECONCILIATION: AN OVERALL VIEW

Our Biometric Future

2016-04-19

Kelly Gates

Since the 1960s, a significant effort has been underway to program computers to “see” the human face—to develop automated systems for identifying faces and distinguishing them from one another—commonly known … Since the 1960s, a significant effort has been underway to program computers to “see” the human face—to develop automated systems for identifying faces and distinguishing them from one another—commonly known as Facial Recognition Technology (FRT). While computer scientists are developing FRT in order to design more intelligent and interactive machines, businesses and states agencies view the technology as uniquely suited for “smart” surveillance—systems that automate the labor of monitoring in order to increase their efficacy and spread their reach. Tracking this technological pursuit, this book identifies FRT as a prime example of the failed technocratic approach to governance, where new technologies are pursued as shortsighted solutions to complex social problems. Culling news stories, press releases, policy statements, PR kits and other materials, the book provides evidence that, instead of providing more security for more people, the pursuit of FRT is being driven by the priorities of corporations, law enforcement and state security agencies, all convinced of the technology's necessity and unhindered by its complicated and potentially destructive social consequences. By focusing on the politics of developing and deploying these technologies, the book argues not for the inevitability of a particular technological future, but for its profound contingency and contestability.

Elmer Berger: “Letter to an Arab Ambassador” (1975)

2025-06-26

| De Gruyter eBooks

Negotiation:

2025-06-24

Anni Greve | Routledge eBooks

A treasure trove of memoirs by the outstanding book critic Abrar Karimuuuin (on the 100th anniversary of the scholar)

2025-06-24

Gulnur R. Khusainova | Tatarica

Karimullin Abrar Gibadullovich (1925-2000) was an academician, the first researcher of the Tatar book history, a bibliographer, Doctor of Philology, full member of the Academy of Sciences of Tatarstan, Honored … Karimullin Abrar Gibadullovich (1925-2000) was an academician, the first researcher of the Tatar book history, a bibliographer, Doctor of Philology, full member of the Academy of Sciences of Tatarstan, Honored Scientist of the TASSR, winner of the State Prize of the Republic of Tatarstan named after G. Tukay, winner of the Kul Gali International Prize, holder of high titles in various nominations in many countries of the world. He participated in the Great Patriotic War. Abrar Karimullin graduated from the Faculty of History and Philology of Kazan State University named after V. I. Lenin (1953). In 1953-1964 he was deputy director for research at the Scientific Library of Kazan State University; in 1964-1992 he worked at the G. Ibragimov Institute of Language, Literature and Art of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic ofTatarstan. In 1991-1992, A. Karimullin was a scientific consultant of the National Library of Tatarstan. He conducted research on the history of the Tatar people, his major works were devoted to the history of the emergence and development of the Tatar printed book, philology and bibliography.

Il parere della Corte internazionale di giustizia del 19 luglio 2024 sulle conseguenze giuridiche delle politiche e pratiche di Israele nel Territorio palestinese occupato, inclusa Gerusalemme est

2025-06-24

Marco Pedrazzi | Nuovi Autoritarismi e Democrazie Diritto Istituzioni Società (NAD-DIS)

Il parere della Corte internazionale di giustizia del 19 luglio 2024 interviene in una fase drammatica della crisi mediorientale, ma non si occupa dell’assalto del 7 ottobre 2023 e delle … Il parere della Corte internazionale di giustizia del 19 luglio 2024 interviene in una fase drammatica della crisi mediorientale, ma non si occupa dell’assalto del 7 ottobre 2023 e delle conseguenze che la reazione israeliana sta provocando nella Striscia di Gaza, bensì delle politiche e pratiche di Israele nel Territorio palestinese occupato (TPO) dal 1967 ad oggi, con particolare riferimento alla Cisgiordania ed a Gerusalemme est. L’articolo si sofferma in particolare su tre conclusioni raggiunte dalla Corte nel quadro del parere: la prima attiene allo status della Striscia di Gaza, ritenuta tutt’ora soggetta al diritto dell’occupazione; la seconda è la valutazione secondo cui l’occupazione prolungata del TPO da parte israeliana è illecita, in conseguenza della politica annessionistica posta in essere da Israele a Gerusalemme est e in Cisgiordania, in violazione dello ius ad bellum nonché del diritto all’autodeterminazione del popolo palestinese; la terza attiene alla rilevazione di una politica di segregazione adottata da Israele nel TPO ai danni della popolazione palestinese. Viene sottolineata l’importanza delle valutazioni effettuate dalla Corte e al contempo sono evidenziati taluni limiti e lacune nel ragionamento giuridico seguito dalla stessa.

Gender found Guilty: Anti-Gender Backlash and (Dis)Translation Politics in Iraq

2025-06-24

Balsam Mustafa | Gender & Society

The Iraqi Federal Supreme Court banned the term gender in February 2024, resulting in a crackdown on gender equity and significantly undermining the space for feminist activism and advocacy. This … The Iraqi Federal Supreme Court banned the term gender in February 2024, resulting in a crackdown on gender equity and significantly undermining the space for feminist activism and advocacy. This article examines the conditions leading to the 2023 anti-gender backlash in Iraq, the discursive strategies of the backlashers, and its broader implications for feminist activism. The backlash was rooted in ongoing sociopolitical repression following the 2019 Tishreen (October) protests and a climate of widespread disinformation. It gained traction by weaponizing concepts of gender and homophobia. Opponents framed the term gender as a Western plot aimed at undermining Islamic values and societal norms. They exploited the problematic relationship between gender and translation, using deliberate misinterpretations to construct a narrative that demonizes gender and those who support gendered understandings of social relationships. Analyzing the backlashers’ discourse and incorporating local feminist voices, this study highlights the backlash on gendered activism, academic inquiry, and women’s rights. The article concludes by discussing the intertwined nature of discursive and material violence, emphasizing the erosion of human rights in post-2003 Iraq and contributing to the broader literature on gendered activism in the Middle East and globally.

The Expansion of Residual Risk:

2025-06-24

| Princeton University Press eBooks

Social Media Manipulation in the Post-Truth Era: The Saudi Twitter Campaign to Boycott Turkish Products

2025-06-23

İsmail SARI , Hala Mulki | Türkiye İletişim Araştırmaları Dergisi

Social media platforms such as Twitter (X) and Facebook were extensively used by activists during the Arab Uprisings that began in Tunisia on December 17, 2010, and spread to Egypt, … Social media platforms such as Twitter (X) and Facebook were extensively used by activists during the Arab Uprisings that began in Tunisia on December 17, 2010, and spread to Egypt, Bahrain, Yemen, Libya, and Syria, and were heralded during this period as “liberation technologies”. However, it is now broadly acknowledged that social media has become an effective tool for information control in the hands of authoritarian regimes. In this context, the study examines social media manipulation in the post-truth era by analyzing the Twitter boycott campaign launched by Saudi Arabia against Turkish products between October 3 and 16, 2020. While there is extensive literature on the social media operations of major powers such as the United States, Russia, and China, research on similar activities conducted by Middle Eastern countries remains limited. From this perspective, the study aims to contribute to the literature on social media operations in the Middle East. Furthermore, the boycott campaign provides an empirical example of how social media is strategically used for narrative control and perception management in international relations. The research was conducted using the Opinion Analysis Model that combines Machine Learning (ML) and Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques, and the findings were visualized through Gephi. The results demonstrate that the boycott of Turkish products in Saudi Arabia went beyond being a mere economic reaction and reveal that anti-Turkish political discourse was systematically disseminated to large audiences through nationalist emotional content and misleading information.

Reading Israeli culture in the aftermath of October 7, 2023

2025-06-23

Oded Nir | Journal of Modern Jewish Studies

The Middle East and security

2025-06-23

Jeffrey Haynes | Routledge eBooks

Rebel Governance in the Middle East

2025-06-23

Helen Lackner | Asian Affairs

Postawa Chińskiej Republiki Ludowej wobec wojny domowej w Jemenie

2025-06-23

Łukasz Jureńczyk | Dzieje Najnowsze

Chińska Republika Ludowa nie dysponuje spójną strategią wobec wojny w Jemenie. Istotny wpływ na jej dotychczasowe działania miała ewolucja sytuacji w Jemenie, w tym możliwość zapewnienia przez strony konfliktu stabilizacji … Chińska Republika Ludowa nie dysponuje spójną strategią wobec wojny w Jemenie. Istotny wpływ na jej dotychczasowe działania miała ewolucja sytuacji w Jemenie, w tym możliwość zapewnienia przez strony konfliktu stabilizacji w państwie. Jeszcze ważniejsza była dynamika uwarunkowań międzynarodowych, w tym stosunki z państwami wspierającymi strony konfliktu. Początkowo szala chyliła się ku Huti i wspierającemu ich Iranowi, z którym Chiny łączą przyjazne relacje. W późniejszym okresie nastąpiło przewartościowanie w kierunku ugrupowań rządowych i popierającej je koalicji państw Rady Współpracy Zatoki Perskiej z Arabią Saudyjską na czele.

Reparation

2025-06-23

James P. Burns | Routledge eBooks

In the Presence of Witnesses:

2025-06-22

| State University of New York Press eBooks

The Logic of Cooperation in Autocracies: Political Opposition in the Third Yemeni Republic. Jens Heibach (Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, 2024). Pp. 312. $95.00 hardcover, $39.95 paper. ISBN: 9780815638391

2025-06-20

Arwa Mokdad | International Journal Middle East Studies

Using the Igisoro Game in Occupational Therapy Rehabilitation in Rwanda: An Exploratory Study

2025-06-20

Pierre Damien Turikumana , Epiphanie Murebwayire , Joseph Nshimiyimana +2 more | Occupational Therapy in Mental Health

Rwanda:

2025-06-20

| Bristol University Press eBooks

The gabela crisis in Izmir in 1846–1847: a response of Ottoman Jews to the Tanzimat reforms

2025-06-19

Olga Borovaya | Middle Eastern Studies

THE 55-YEAR FAILURE OF THE ORGANIZATION OF ISLAMIC COOPERATION

2025-06-19

Ali Sarıhan | Akademik Düşünce Dergisi

The 1948 Arab-Israel war, the 1957 Suez Canal Crisis, and the 1967 Six-Day War each resulted from a security dilemma between these opposing factions Israel and the Muslim States of … The 1948 Arab-Israel war, the 1957 Suez Canal Crisis, and the 1967 Six-Day War each resulted from a security dilemma between these opposing factions Israel and the Muslim States of the Middle East. Israel’s decisive military victory over Muslim states in all of these wars led the Muslim nations to create a union, which is the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC), to strengthen their union and accordingly their position against Israel. While this approach proved sound in theory, this paper demonstrates that the OIC did not lead to a more secure environment between its members and Israel. The recent 2023 October Israeli attacks against Palestine also demonstrate, the number of conflicts and the intensity of the tension with Israel has not declined after OIC.

Rwanda: Ethnic Essentialism and Rwandan Patriotic Front Heroism

2025-06-19

Timothy Williams | Bristol University Press eBooks

Aksa Tufanı Bağlamında Husilerin İran’la İlişkisini Yeniden Okumak: Sponsor-Vekil Modeline Eleştirel Bir Değerlendirme

2025-06-18

Talha İsmail Duman | İran Çalışmaları Dergisi

İran ile Ensarullah (Husiler) arasındaki ilişki, medya ve siyaset söylemlerinde genellikle klasik bir sponsor-vekil bağımlılığı çerçevesinde ele alınmakta, bu yaklaşım Ensarullah’ı İran’ın doğrudan yönlendirdiği bir aktör olarak değerlendirmektedir. Ancak Aksa … İran ile Ensarullah (Husiler) arasındaki ilişki, medya ve siyaset söylemlerinde genellikle klasik bir sponsor-vekil bağımlılığı çerçevesinde ele alınmakta, bu yaklaşım Ensarullah’ı İran’ın doğrudan yönlendirdiği bir aktör olarak değerlendirmektedir. Ancak Aksa Tufanı süreciyle birlikte Ensarullah’ın bölgesel güvenlik dinamiklerinde daha belirgin bir aktör haline gelmesi, bu ilişkinin doğası üzerine akademik tartışmaları yoğunlaştırmıştır. Ensarullah’ın İsrail, ABD ve İngiltere hedeflerine yönelik saldırıları ile Kızıldeniz’deki deniz ticaretine müdahaleleri, hareketin karar alma süreçlerinde ne ölçüde bağımsız hareket ettiğini anlamak açısından kritik bir bağlam sunmaktadır. Bu makale, Ensarullah’ın İran’ın kontrolü altında hareket eden sıradan bir vekil mi yoksa ortak stratejik hedefleri doğrultusunda iş birliği yapan bir aktör mü olduğu sorusuna cevap aramaktadır. Nitel vaka analizi yöntemini takip eden çalışma, Ensarullah’ın İran’dan askeri ve lojistik destek almasına rağmen, eylemlerini doğrudan İran’ın yönlendirmesiyle gerçekleştirmediğini ortaya koymaktadır. Aksine, Gazze Savaşı sırasında zaman zaman İran’ın kontrollü gerilim stratejisinden saparak daha agresif ve doğrudan müdahaleci bir çizgi izlediği gözlemlenmektedir. Bu bağlamda, Ensarullah’ın İran ile ilişkisini hiyerarşik bir vekâlet modeliyle açıklamak yerine, karşılıklı etkileşime ve bağımsız stratejik önceliklere dayalı daha karmaşık bir yapı olarak ele almak gerektiği savunulmaktadır.

We Don’t Speak of Fear: Large-Group Identity, Societal Conflict and Collective Trauma, edited by Vamik D. Volkan, Regine Scholz, and M. Gerard Fromm, Phoenix Publishing House, Bicester, Oxfordshire, 2023, 294 pp.

2025-06-18

Molly Castelloe | The American Journal of Psychoanalysis

Policy evaluation in failed states: the case of Yemen

2025-06-17

Ayid Sharyan , Hisham Al Hemyari | Edward Elgar Publishing eBooks

Working for nothing:

2025-06-17

Kyla Bavin | Policy Press eBooks

Africa’s Cultural Heritage and International Cultural Heritage Law

2025-06-16

Valentina Vadi | International Journal of Cultural Property

Boycott as Resistance: The Global Movement Against Israeli-Affiliated Brands

2025-06-16

Yogi Permana Adi Citra , Muhammad Diaz Wahyu Darmansyah , Fauzan Ulwan Fadhlurrahman | Sociohumania.

The ongoing Israeli-Palestinian conflict has provoked widespread global reactions, particularly in the form of economic resistance through consumer boycotts. These boycotts target Israeli-affiliated brands and multinational corporations perceived to be … The ongoing Israeli-Palestinian conflict has provoked widespread global reactions, particularly in the form of economic resistance through consumer boycotts. These boycotts target Israeli-affiliated brands and multinational corporations perceived to be complicit in the occupation and oppression of Palestinians. The core issue lies in the ethical concerns of corporate involvement in human rights violations and the extent to which consumers can influence political dynamics through economic actions. This study aims to explore the global boycott movement as a form of nonviolent resistance, with a specific focus on the Boycott, Divestment, Sanctions (BDS) campaign. Utilizing a library research methodology, this paper draws upon academic literature, news reports, campaign materials, and corporate statements to analyze the motivations, strategies, and impacts of boycott actions worldwide. It investigates how consumer behavior intersects with political activism, and how the digital age amplifies such movements. The research finds that boycotts serve not only as an expression of solidarity with oppressed populations but also as a tool to pressure companies and governments to reevaluate their stances and affiliations. Although the economic impact varies, the symbolic power of collective consumer action contributes significantly to shaping public discourse on global justice. This study highlights the growing importance of ethical consumerism in international relations and recommends further investigation into the legal, economic, and diplomatic consequences of sustained boycott movements.

SAUDI ARABIA AND THE USA: CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS OF THE STRATEGIC ALLIANCE

2025-06-15

Almas Magpoz , Kenzhebek Gabdullin | Ķazaķstan šyġystanuy.

This article focuses on the Saudi Arabia-US alliance. Its objective is to examine the sustainability of this alliance given the challenges it has faced in recent years. The paper uses … This article focuses on the Saudi Arabia-US alliance. Its objective is to examine the sustainability of this alliance given the challenges it has faced in recent years. The paper uses an interdisciplinary approach that includes conceptual alliance theory, historical analysis, and factor analysis methods. The source base of the study consists of works on realist and neoliberal institutional theories, the concept of the balance of power and threats, as well as materials covering bilateral relations between the United States and Saudi Arabia in the context of the transformation of the international system. Based on the conceptual alliance theory, the article will consider the historical evolution of the relationship between the two states. Then, the article will examine the problems faced by the alliance and analyse the impact of these problems on the sustainability of the Saudi Arabia-US alliance. The literature on alliance theory for studying the problems and sustainability of relations between Saudi Arabia and the United States served as materials for the article. The problems faced by both states include the Arab Spring, the Iranian nuclear deal, and the civil wars in Syria and Yemen. Nevertheless, the alliance proved to be strong enough to overcome these problems and maintain strategic partnership. The relevance of this study is due to the importance of the US-Saudi alliance for maintaining stability in the Middle East and influencing global processes. Given the changes in the international system and the new configuration of forces in the region, the analysis of the strength and prospects of this alliance becomes important for understanding trends in international politics. The novelty of the study lies in the comprehensive analysis of the evolution of the US-Saudi alliance with an emphasis on the change in its strategic significance in the 21st century. Moreover, this article examines the influence of factors such as global energy changes, regional conflicts, and the strategic reorientation of the United States. The results of the study can be useful for predicting the further development of bilateral relations, as well as analysing the dynamics of international alliances in the context of a changing world order. The findings will allow us to better understand the mechanisms of alliance adaptation to external challenges and their role in maintaining stability in the Middle East.

Main Drivers Shaping Iran's Foreign Policy Under Mahmoud Ahmadinejad and Hassan Rouhani: Iraq as a Case Study (2005-2021)

2025-06-15

Zebar Azeez Mohammed | Journal of Legal and Political Studies

This study examines the main drivers that formulated Iran's foreign policy under Mahmoud Ahmadinejad and Hassan Rouhani: Iraq as a case study (2005-2021). The importance of this is that Iran … This study examines the main drivers that formulated Iran's foreign policy under Mahmoud Ahmadinejad and Hassan Rouhani: Iraq as a case study (2005-2021). The importance of this is that Iran is a revisionist state and has a strong presence in the political equation in Iraq. The study also reveals the main Drivers behind Iran's foreign policy towards Iraq under Ahmadinejad and Rouhani. The study used analytical-qualitative methods and implemented the structural realism theory. As a result, the study found several main drivers that influenced Iran's foreign policy during this period: political, security, ideological, economic, and regional. However, security and ideology are the most influential of these primary drivers under Ahmadinejad. During Rouhani's tenure, security, economic, and regional Drivers have been more influential than others. These Drivers mostly reacted to the international system's anarchy, which equally encouraged states to pursue increased power, security, and survival. These Drivers had a direct impact on Iran's growing role in Iraq, and the balance of power was mainly in Iran's interest, eventually turning Iran into a semi-state Dominant in Iraq. Keywords: The Islamic Republic of Iran, Iraq, Foreign policy, Drivers, Power.

CHAPTER 2 A GIS FRAMEWORK FOR THE HISTORICAL AND MODERN POST-OCCUPATIONAL ACTIVITIES AT TELL IẒṬABBA

2025-06-14

Manuel J. H. Peters | Penn State University Press eBooks

Optimising Healthcare Delivery: <i>Efficiency analysis of Oman’s governorate hospital networks</i>

2025-06-13

Sultana Al Sabahi , Avinash Daniel Pinto , Qasem Al-Salmi +1 more | Sultan Qaboos University medical journal

Beyond Reparation

2025-06-12

Jan Campbell | Routledge eBooks

Sustainable Agricultural Practices in Dhofar Region of Oman: Balancing Productivity and Environmental Impact

2025-06-11

Doaa Salim Musallam Samhan Al-Kathiri , G. P. Rao , Noor Mohammed Said Qahoor +5 more | Journal of Environmental & Earth Sciences

The Dhofar region of Oman, renowned for its unique monsoon-influenced climate and substantial agricultural potential, faces significant challenges in achieving sustainable agricultural practices that balance productivity with environmental conservation. This … The Dhofar region of Oman, renowned for its unique monsoon-influenced climate and substantial agricultural potential, faces significant challenges in achieving sustainable agricultural practices that balance productivity with environmental conservation. This review critically explores a range of sustainable agricultural methods currently implemented in the region, including organic farming, water conservation techniques such as drip irrigation and rainwater harvesting, agroforestry systems, crop rotation, and soil conservation measures like terracing and composting. These strategies aim to mitigate pressing environmental concerns such as water scarcity, soil erosion, and land degradation while enhancing crop yield and farm profitability. The review further examines the economic implications of these practices, evaluating their cost-effectiveness, potential for long-term returns, and influence on the growing market demand for organic and eco-friendly products. Despite their benefits, the broader adoption of these sustainable approaches is hindered by several challenges, including limited access to advanced technologies, inadequate financial resources, lack of technical knowledge, and minimal awareness among local farmers. The article also assesses the role of governmental policies, subsidies, and extension services in promoting the adoption of sustainable agriculture in Dhofar. Finally, it offers strategic recommendations for future research, policy development, and capacity-building initiatives. This review emphasizes the urgent need for continued investment in sustainable solutions to ensure long-term agricultural resilience and environmental sustainability in the region.

Silence and Society

2025-06-11

Charles Lemert | Routledge eBooks

Where, What, Who, When

2025-06-09

| Duke University Press eBooks

A contribution to the catalog for the exhibition Global Conceptualism: Points of Origin, 1950s–1980s, Queens Museum of Art, New York, in April 1999, curated by Jane Farver, Luis Camnitzer, and … A contribution to the catalog for the exhibition Global Conceptualism: Points of Origin, 1950s–1980s, Queens Museum of Art, New York, in April 1999, curated by Jane Farver, Luis Camnitzer, and Rachel Weiss, the chapter asks, “Is there such a thing as African conceptualism?” It explores a variety of conceptual approaches in the work of Laboratoire Agit-Art, Frédéric Bruly Bouabré, Rachid Koraïchi, Willem Boshoff, Malcolm Payne, and Kendell Geers.

Pursuing Reconciliation

2025-06-09

| Journal of Christian Nursing

REPRESENTATION OF KAZAKH NATIONAL IDENTITY IN THE MONUMENTAL PANELS OF THE ALMATY METRO

2025-06-09

Madina Sundetova | ARTS ACADEMY

This article examines the use of national Kazakh symbolism in the compositions and narratives of monumental panels produced by a collective of monumental artists led by Gaziz Eshkenov. The study … This article examines the use of national Kazakh symbolism in the compositions and narratives of monumental panels produced by a collective of monumental artists led by Gaziz Eshkenov. The study offers an analytical exploration of artistic and technological approaches within the framework of historical discourse, semiotic analysis of imagery, and a hermeneutic reading of symbols and archetypes that articulate the cultural distinctiveness of the Kazakh people. The research focuses on a series of monumental-decorative works—Zhibek Zholy and Almaly—created between 2010 and 2012 as part of the artistic design of Almaty Metro stations. Through an art historical lens, the study elucidates the processes by which traditional Kazakh symbols and motifs are integrated into contemporary visual aesthetics. The findings reaffirm the role of monumental art as a potent medium for preserving and transmitting historical narratives and national values. The research holds relevance for professional artists, scholars, students, and a broader audience with an interest in Kazakh art, cultural heritage, and contemporary artistic practices in Kazakhstan.

L’Arabie saoudite, De l’or noir à la mer Rouge

2025-06-08

Joseph A. Kéchichian | Journal of Arabian Studies