Medicine › Pharmacology

Medical and Biological Ozone Research

Works Count: 33405

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This cluster of papers explores the scientific and medical aspects of ozone therapy, including its application in dentistry, antimicrobial effects, role in oxidative stress and wound healing, Nrf2 activation, and potential therapeutic efficacy in diabetic foot ulcers. The research also delves into the mechanisms of action involved in ozone therapy and its use in inflammatory diseases.

Keywords

Ozone Therapy; Antibody-Catalyzed Ozone Formation; Dentistry; Antimicrobial Effect; Oxidative Stress; Diabetic Foot; Wound Healing; Nrf2 Activation; Oxygen-Ozone Therapy; Inflammatory Diseases

The reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome (RSDS)

1981-01-01

Franklin Kozin , Lawrence M. Ryan , Guillermo F. Carerra +2 more

PROTOCATECHUIC ACID OXIDASE

1954-10-01

Roger Y. Stanier , John L. Ingraham

Ultraviolet radiation and immunology: something new under the sun--presidential address.

1994-12-01

Margaret L. Kripke

The carcinogenic activity of solar radiation has been known for nearly a century. However, within the past few years, we have realized that exposing the skin to sunlight also has … The carcinogenic activity of solar radiation has been known for nearly a century. However, within the past few years, we have realized that exposing the skin to sunlight also has profound immunological effects on the host and that these immunological changes can contribute to the development of skin cancer and alter host resistance to infectious diseases. These findings have led to the development of a new field of research, termed photoimmunology, which is concerned with the effects of UV radiation on immunological processes. Our interest in this field arose from studies on the antigenic properties of skin cancers induced in mice by chronic exposure to UV-B (280-320 nm) radiation. These cancers are highly antigenic and many are immunologically rejected upon transplantation to normal syngeneic recipients. In studying how these cancers were able to survive and grow in the primary host, we discovered that exposing the skin to UV radiation altered some types of immune responses, including the immune response against skin cancers. Studies on the nature and mechanism of the immunological alterations brought about by exposure to UV radiation suggested that UV-induced DNA damage triggers a cascade of events, leading ultimately to a state of antigen-specific, systemic T lymphocyte-mediated immunosuppression. Key components of this cascade are epidermal cytokines, which modulate the immune response to antigens introduced into the UV-irradiated host and divert the response toward a state of specific immunosuppression. The finding that UV radiation can redirect the immune response from an effector to a suppressor pathway has raised the possibility that immune responses to infectious diseases might also be influenced by exposure of the host to UV radiation. Interest in the health consequences of stratospheric ozone depletion, with its attendant increase in solar UV-B radiation, has stimulated recent investigations on the effects of UV radiation on the pathogenesis of infections in animal models and on immune responses in humans. In addition, attempts are being made to use information about UV-induced specific immunosuppression to eliminate unwanted immune responses, such as transplant rejection and graft-versus-host reactions. Thus, studies on the immunological effects of UV radiation are providing new information on how immune responses are regulated as well as improving our understanding of the role of the immune system in skin cancer induction. This information should facilitate the development of more effective measures for preventing the deleterious effects of overexposure to UV radiation.

The Tension-Stress Effect on the Genesis and Growth of Tissues

1992-01-01

Gavriil A. Ilizarov

Stress and disease.

1953-01-01

Harold G. Wolff

Biochemical and metabolic changes in the lung with oxygen, ozone, and nitrogen dioxide toxicity.

1978-12-01

Mohammad G. Mustafa , Donald F. Tierney

Systemic suppression of delayed-type hypersensitivity by supernatants from UV-irradiated keratinocytes. An essential role for keratinocyte-derived IL-10.

1992-12-15

Jorge Mauricio Rivas , Stephen E. Ullrich

Exposing murine keratinocyte cultures to UV radiation causes the release of a suppressive cytokine that mimics the immunosuppressive effects of total-body UV exposure. Injecting supernatants from UV-irradiated keratinocyte cultures into … Exposing murine keratinocyte cultures to UV radiation causes the release of a suppressive cytokine that mimics the immunosuppressive effects of total-body UV exposure. Injecting supernatants from UV-irradiated keratinocyte cultures into mice inhibits their ability to generate a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction against allogeneic histocompatibility Ag, and spleen cells from mice injected with supernatant do not respond to alloantigen in the in vitro MLR. A unique feature of the immunosuppression induced by either total-body UV-exposure or injecting the suppressive cytokine from UV-irradiated keratinocytes is the selectivity of suppression. Although cellular immune reactions such as delayed-type hypersensitivity are suppressed antibody production is unaffected. Because the selective nature to the UV-induced immunosuppression is similar to the biologic activity of IL-10, we examined the hypothesis that UV exposure of keratinocytes causes the release of IL-10. Keratinocyte monolayers were exposed to UV radiation and at specific times after exposure mRNA was isolated or the culture supernatant from the cells was collected. IL-10 mRNA expression was enhanced in UV-irradiated keratinocytes. The secretion of IL-10 by the irradiated keratinocytes was determined by Western blot analysis. A band reactive with anti-IL-10 mAb was found in supernatants from the UV-irradiated but not the mock-irradiated cells. IL-10 biologic activity was determined by the ability of the supernatants from the UV-irradiated keratinocytes to suppress IFN-gamma production by Ag-activated Th 1 cell clones. Anti-IL-10 mAb neutralized the ability of supernatants from UV-irradiated keratinocytes to suppress the induction of delayed-type hypersensitivity in vivo. Furthermore, injecting UV-irradiated mice with antibodies against IL-10 partially inhibited in vivo immunosuppression. These data indicate that activated keratinocytes are capable of secreting IL-10 and suggest that the release of IL-10 by UV-irradiated keratinocytes plays an essential role in the induction of systemic immunosuppression after total-body UV exposure.

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Ozone and the lung: a sensitive issue

2000-03-15

Ian Mudway

Biochemical basis of ozone toxicity

1990-01-01

Mohammad G. Mustafa

THE EFFECT IN PATIENTS OF STREPTOCOCCAL FIBRINOLYSIN (STREPTOKINASE) AND STREPTOCOCCAL DESOXYRIBONUCLEASE ON FIBRINOUS, PURULENT, AND SANGUINOUS PLEURAL EXUDATIONS 1

1949-01-01

William S. Tillett , Sol Sherry

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BUSPIRONE IN TREATMENT OF AGITATED DEMENTED PATIENT

1988-05-01

Christopher C. Colenda

Ozone as Janus: this controversial gas can be either toxic or medically useful

2004-01-01

Velio Bocci

Ozone is an intrinsically toxic gas and its hazardous employment has led to a poor consideration of ozone therapy. The aim of this review is to indicate that a wrong … Ozone is an intrinsically toxic gas and its hazardous employment has led to a poor consideration of ozone therapy. The aim of this review is to indicate that a wrong dogma and several misconceptions thwart progress: in reality, properly performed ozone therapy, carried out by expert physicians, can be very useful when orthodox medicine appears inadequate. The unbelievable versatility of ozone therapy is due to the cascade of ozone‐derived compounds able to act on several targets leading to a multifactorial correction of a pathological state. During the past decade, contrary to all expectations, it has been demonstrated that the judicious application of ozone in chronic infectious diseases, vasculopathies, orthopedics and even dentistry has yielded such striking results that it is deplorable that the medical establishment continues to ignore ozone therapy.

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Evidence of Oxidative Stress in the Pathogenesis of Fuchs Endothelial Corneal Dystrophy

2010-09-17

Ula V. Jurkunas , Maya Bitar , Toshinari Funaki +1 more

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Ozone-induced Inflammation in the Lower Airways of Human Subjects

1989-02-01

Hillel S. Koren , Robert B. Devlin , Delores E. Graham +7 more

Although ozone (O3) has been shown to induce inflammation in the lungs of animals, very little is known about its inflammatory effects on humans. In this study, 11 healthy nonsmoking … Although ozone (O3) has been shown to induce inflammation in the lungs of animals, very little is known about its inflammatory effects on humans. In this study, 11 healthy nonsmoking men, 18 to 35 yr of age (mean, 25.4 +/- 3.5), were exposed once to 0.4 ppm O3 and once to filtered air for 2 h with intermittent exercise. Eighteen hours later, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed and the cells and fluid were analyzed for various indicators of inflammation. There was an 8.2-fold increase in the percentage of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) in the total cell population, and a small but significant decrease in the percentage of macrophages after exposure to O3. Immunoreactive neutrophil elastase often associated with inflammation and lung damage increased by 3.8-fold in the fluid while its activity increased 20.6-fold in the lavaged cells. A 2-fold increase in the levels of protein, albumin, and IgG suggested increased vascular permeability of the lung. Several biochemical markers that could act as chemotactic or regulatory factors in an inflammatory response were examined in the BAL fluid (BALF). The level of complement fragment C3 alpha was increased by 1.7-fold. The chemotactic leukotriene B4 was unchanged while prostaglandin E2 increased 2-fold. In contrast, three enzyme systems of phagocytes with potentially damaging effects on tissues and microbes, namely, NADPH-oxidase and the lysosomal enzymes acid phosphatase and beta-glucuronidase, were increased neither in the lavaged fluid nor cells. In addition, the amounts of fibrogenic-related molecules were assessed in BALF.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

The application of ozone in dentistry: A systematic review of literature

2008-01-02

Amir Azarpazhooh , Hardy Limeback

Oxygen-derived species: their relation to human disease and environmental stress.

1994-12-01

Barry Halliwell , C E Cross

Free radicals and other reactive oxygen species (ROS) are constantly formed in the human body, often for useful metabolic purposes. Antioxidant defenses protect against them, but these defenses are not … Free radicals and other reactive oxygen species (ROS) are constantly formed in the human body, often for useful metabolic purposes. Antioxidant defenses protect against them, but these defenses are not completely adequate, and systems that repair damage by ROS are also necessary. Mild oxidative stress often induces antioxidant defense enzymes, but severe stress can cause oxidative damage to lipids, proteins, and DNA within cells, leading to such events as DNA strand breakage and disruption of calcium ion metabolism. Oxidative stress can result from exposure to toxic agents, and by the process of tissue injury itself. Ozone, oxides of nitrogen, and cigarette smoke can cause oxidative damage; but the molecular targets that they damage may not be the same.

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How ‘Clean’ Must a Cavity Be before Restoration?

2004-01-01

E.A.M. Kidd

The metabolic activity in dental plaque, the biofilm at the tooth surface, is the driving force behind any loss of mineral from the tooth or cavity surface. The symptoms of … The metabolic activity in dental plaque, the biofilm at the tooth surface, is the driving force behind any loss of mineral from the tooth or cavity surface. The symptoms of the process (the lesion) reflect this activity and can be modified by altering the biofilm, most conveniently by disturbing it by brushing with a fluoride-containing toothpaste. The role of operative dentistry in caries management is to restore the integrity of the tooth surface so that the patient can clean. Thus, the question, 'how clean must a cavity be before restoration?' may be irrelevant. There is little evidence that infected dentine must be removed prior to sealing the tooth. Leaving infected dentine does not seem to result in caries progression, pulpitis or pulp death. However, some of the bacteria survive. What is their fate and if they are not damaging, why is this?

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THE EFFECT IN HUMANS OF EXTRACELLULAR pH CHANGE ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SERUM POTASSIUM CONCENTRATION AND INTRACELLULAR POTASSIUM 1

1956-09-01

James M. Burnell , M. F. Villamil , Ben T. Uyeno +1 more

For many years investigators have been aware of the association of hyperkalemia with acidosis and hypokalemia with alkalosis.The early in vitro work of Fenn and Cobb (1) suggested that there … For many years investigators have been aware of the association of hyperkalemia with acidosis and hypokalemia with alkalosis.The early in vitro work of Fenn and Cobb (1) suggested that there might be a cause and effect relationship.However, it was not until recently that satisfac- tory in vivo data were obtained (2-7) which per- mitted the formulation of the hypothesis that changes in extracellular pH altered the extracel- lular potassium concentration independently of changes in total body potassium 3 (7).Thus, in animals, acidosis increases and alkalosis decreases the serum potassium concentration independently of changes in total body potassium.The present study demonstrates similar interrelationships in humans. EXPERIMENTAL PLAN AND METHODSFive patients were selected for study because of al- terations of extracellular pH of either metabolic or re- spiratory origin.During the nine periods of study (five in the same patient) an attempt was made to change ex- tracellular pH rapidly and observe the effect of this change on the serum potassium concentration.Extra- cellular pH was changed by appropriate therapy which included infusions of isotonic mixtures of NaCl, HCl, NH4C1, NaHCO, and sodium lactate.In one patient eight per cent CO2 inhalation was used in combination with HCl infusion.In order to control the effect of changes in total body potassium on the serum potassium concentration experimental periods were short and an at- tempt was made to change potassium balance only slightly

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Effects of Selenium and Vitamin E on White Muscle Disease

1958-10-31

O. H. Muth , J. E. Oldfield , LeMar F. Remmert +1 more

Current status of antioxidant therapy

1993-07-01

Catherine Rice‐Evans , Anthony T. Diplock

The ozone paradox: Ozone is a strong oxidant as well as a medical drug

2009-03-03

Velio Bocci , Emma Borrelli , Valter Travagli +1 more

Abstract After five decades characterized by empiricism and several pitfalls, some of the basic mechanisms of action of ozone in pulmonary toxicology and in medicine have been clarified. The present … Abstract After five decades characterized by empiricism and several pitfalls, some of the basic mechanisms of action of ozone in pulmonary toxicology and in medicine have been clarified. The present knowledge allows to understand the prolonged inhalation of ozone can be very deleterious first for the lungs and successively for the whole organism. On the other hand, a small ozone dose well calibrated against the potent antioxidant capacity of blood can trigger several useful biochemical mechanisms and reactivate the antioxidant system. In detail, firstly ex vivo and second during the infusion of ozonated blood into the donor, the ozone therapy approach involves blood cells and the endothelium, which by transferring the ozone messengers to billions of cells will generate a therapeutic effect. Thus, in spite of a common prejudice, single ozone doses can be therapeutically used in selected human diseases without any toxicity or side effects. Moreover, the versatility and amplitude of beneficial effect of ozone applications have become evident in orthopedics, cutaneous, and mucosal infections as well as in dentistry. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Med Res Rev

Selenium, systemic immune response syndrome, sepsis, and outcome in critically ill patients

1998-09-01

Xavier Forceville , Dominique Vitoux , R. Gauzit +3 more

To confirm early, marked decrease in plasma selenium concentrations in patients admitted to a surgical and medical intensive care unit (ICU), and to study this decrease according to the presence … To confirm early, marked decrease in plasma selenium concentrations in patients admitted to a surgical and medical intensive care unit (ICU), and to study this decrease according to the presence or absence of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), sepsis, or direct ischemia-reperfusion.Prospective, observational study.Collaboration between the adult ICU of a 1,100-bed general hospital and a biochemical research laboratory of a university medical center.One hundred thirty-four consecutive surgical and medical ICU patients.None.In the first 31 patients, plasma and urine selenium concentrations were measured by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry on admission and once weekly during their ICU stay. These values were compared first with severity scores, criteria for SIRS, sepsis, and organ system failure taken on admission, and then with nosocomial infection, organ system failure during ICU stay, and hospital mortality. An early, low mean plasma selenium concentration was observed in these patients compared with selenium laboratory reference values. Plasma selenium, measured on ICU admission, inversely correlated with Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II or Simplified Acute Physiology II scores. Patients with SIRS had lower selenium concentrations than those without SIRS. Mean urine selenium losses were normal in the first 31 patients. Plasma selenium concentration was low in all patients with severe sepsis and septic shock (range 0.20 to 0.72 micromol/L) and in those patients with ischemia-reperfusion from aortic cross-clamping (range 0.34 to 0.68 micromol/L). Despite recommended specific selenium supplementation, plasma selenium concentrations remained low for >2 wks in patients with SIRS. However, there was a slight increase in plasma selenium concentrations in surviving SIRS patients, whereas plasma selenium concentrations decreased in nonsurviving patients. The frequency of ventilator-associated pneumonia, organ system failure, and mortality was three times higher in patients with low plasma selenium concentration at the time of admission (selenium < or =0.70 micromol/L) than for the other patients.In severely ill ICU patients with SIRS, we observed an early 40% decrease in plasma selenium concentrations, reaching values observed in deleterious nutritional selenium deficiency. This prolonged decrease in selenium concentrations could explain the three-fold increase in morbidity and mortality rates in these patients compared with other ICU patients. The efficacy of selenium treatment in SIRS patients with a high gravity index score or hypoperfusion needs further investigation.

Free radical biology and medicine: it's a gas, man!

2006-04-21

William A. Pryor , K. N. Houk , Christopher S. Foote +4 more

We review gases that can affect oxidative stress and that themselves may be radicals. We discuss O2 toxicity, invoking superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and the hydroxyl radical. We also discuss superoxide … We review gases that can affect oxidative stress and that themselves may be radicals. We discuss O2 toxicity, invoking superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and the hydroxyl radical. We also discuss superoxide dismutase (SOD) and both ground-state, triplet oxygen (3O2), and the more energetic, reactive singlet oxygen (1O2). Nitric oxide (·NO) is a free radical with cell signaling functions. Besides its role as a vasorelaxant, ·NO and related species have other functions. Other endogenously produced gases include carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), and hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Like ·NO, these species impact free radical biochemistry. The coordinated regulation of these species suggests that they all are used in cell signaling. Nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, and the carbonate radical (CO3·−) react selectively at moderate rates with nonradicals, but react fast with a second radical. These reactions establish “cross talk” between reactive oxygen (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS). Some of these species can react to produce nitrated proteins and nitrolipids. It has been suggested that ozone is formed in vivo. However, the biomarkers that were used to probe for ozone reactions may be formed by non-ozone-dependent reactions. We discuss this fascinating problem in the section on ozone. Very low levels of ROS or RNS may be mitogenic, but very high levels cause an oxidative stress that can result in growth arrest (transient or permanent), apoptosis, or necrosis. Between these extremes, many of the gasses discussed in this review will induce transient adaptive responses in gene expression that enable cells and tissues to survive. Such adaptive mechanisms are thought to be of evolutionary importance.

Antimicrobial Effect of a Novel Ozone– Generating Device on Micro–Organisms Associated with Primary Root Carious Lesions in vitro

2000-01-01

Aylin Baysan , Robert A. Whiley , Edward Lynch

The aims of this present study were (1) to assess the antimicrobial effect of ozone from a novel ozone–generating device (Heolozone, USA) [0.052% (v/v) in air delivered at a rate … The aims of this present study were (1) to assess the antimicrobial effect of ozone from a novel ozone–generating device (Heolozone, USA) [0.052% (v/v) in air delivered at a rate of 13.33 ml·s–1] on primary root carious lesions (PRCLs) and (2) to evaluate the efficacy of ozone specifically on Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus. In study 1, 40 soft PRCLs from freshly extracted teeth were randomly divided into two groups to test the antimicrobial effect on PRCLs from exposure to ozonated water for either 10 or 20 s. Half of a lesion was removed using a sterile excavator. Subsequently, the remaining lesion was exposed to the ozonised water for a period of either 10 or 20 s (corresponding to 0.069 or 0.138 ml of ozone, respectively). Using paired Student t tests, a significant (p<0.001) reduction (mean ± SE) was observed in the ozone–treated groups with either a 10–second (log10 3.57±0.37) or 20–second (log10 3.77±0.42) ozone application compared with the control groups (log10 5.91±0.15 and log10 6.18±0.21, respectively). In study 2, 40 sterile saliva–coated glass beads were randomly divided into two groups for each micro–organism. One glass bead was put into each bijou bottle with 3 ml of Todd–Hewitt broth. S. mutans and S. sobrinus were inoculated anaerobically overnight. Each glass bead was then washed with 2 ml of phosphate–buffered saline. Immediately, 10 s of ozone gas was applied to each glass bead in the test groups. There was a significant (p<0.0001) reduction (mean ± SE) in ozone–treated samples for S. mutans (log10 1.01±0.27) and S. sobrinus (log10 1.09±0.36) compared with the control samples (log10 3.93±0.07 and log10 4.61±0.13, respectively). This treatment regime is an effective, quick, conservative and simple method to kill micro–organisms in PRCLs. Ozone gas application for a period of 10 s was also capable of reducing the numbers of S. mutans and S. sobrinus on saliva–coated glass beads in vitro.

Oxy-Radicals and Related Species: Their Formation, Lifetimes, and Reactions

1986-10-01

William A. Pryor

In this brief overview I will review some of the ways in which free radicals and related highly reactive species are produced in biological systems. I will discuss the reactivities … In this brief overview I will review some of the ways in which free radicals and related highly reactive species are produced in biological systems. I will discuss the reactivities and lifetimes of these species, and also will briefly list some pathological conditions and chronic diseases in which these species may be involved. The rich variety of the species of interest in free radical biology is notewor thy. Table 1 lists species that have been implicated in various physiological and pathological processes; some of these are neutral radicals, some are radical ions, and some are molecules that contain an even number of electrons and, therefore, are not free radicals. As we shall see, radicals differ greatly in their stabilities; one of the radicals listed in Table 1, nitrogen dioxide, is sufficiently stable to reach ppm levels in polluted urban air. What name can be used to encompass the species listed in Table I? A phrase that is finding increased use in free radical biology is partially reduced oxygen products. However, even this broad title is unsatisfactory since some of the species in Table 1 contain oxygen atoms at the same oxidation level as elemental oxygen (e.g. ozone and singlet oxygen). The property that these species share is that they have the potential to cause radical reactions to occur in biological systems. Some of these species are radicals and therefore react by radical processes; others react to produce molecules that can decompose to form radicals (e.g. singlet oxygen leads to hydroperoxides). However, these species need not always react via free radical pathways. For example, ozone, hydrogen

Therapeutic efficacy of ozone in patients with diabetic foot

2005-09-30

Gregorio Martı́nez-Sánchez , Saied Mohammed Al‐Dalain , Silvia Menéndez +6 more

Prevention of Pulmonary Morbidity for Patients With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

1997-10-01

John R. Bach , Yuka Ishikawa , Heakyung Kim

Evidence for Ozone Formation in Human Atherosclerotic Arteries

2003-11-06

Paul Wentworth , Jorge J. Nieva , Cindy Takeuchi +7 more

Here, we report evidence for the production of ozone in human disease. Signature products unique to cholesterol ozonolysis are present within atherosclerotic tissue at the time of carotid endarterectomy, suggesting … Here, we report evidence for the production of ozone in human disease. Signature products unique to cholesterol ozonolysis are present within atherosclerotic tissue at the time of carotid endarterectomy, suggesting that ozone production occurred during lesion development. Furthermore, advanced atherosclerotic plaques generate ozone when the leukocytes within the diseased arteries are activated in vitro. The steroids produced by cholesterol ozonolysis cause effects that are thought to be critical to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, including cytotoxicity, lipid-loading in macrophages, and deformation of the apolipoprotein B-100 secondary structure. We propose the trivial designation “atheronals” for this previously unrecognized class of steroids.

Evidence of Oxidative Stress in Human Corneal Diseases

2002-03-01

Rajeev Buddi , Brian Lin , Shari R. Atilano +3 more

This study localized malondialdehyde (MDA, a toxic byproduct of lipid peroxidation), nitrotyrosine [NT, a cytotoxic byproduct of nitric oxide (NO)], and nitric oxide synthase isomers (NOS) in normal and diseased … This study localized malondialdehyde (MDA, a toxic byproduct of lipid peroxidation), nitrotyrosine [NT, a cytotoxic byproduct of nitric oxide (NO)], and nitric oxide synthase isomers (NOS) in normal and diseased human corneas. Normal corneas (n=11) and those with clinical and histopathological diagnoses of keratoconus (n=26), bullous keratopathy (n=17), and Fuchs' endothelial dystrophy (n=12) were examined with antibodies specific for MDA, NT, eNOS (constitutive NOS), and iNOS (inducible NOS). Normal corneas showed little or no staining for MDA, NT, or iNOS, whereas eNOS was detected in the epithelium and endothelium. MDA was present in all disease groups, with each group displaying a distinct pattern of staining. NT was detected in all keratoconus and approximately one half of Fuchs' dystrophy corneas. iNOS and eNOS were evident in all the diseased corneas. Keratoconus corneas showed evidence of oxidative damage from cytotoxic byproducts generated by lipid peroxidation and the NO pathway. Bullous keratopathy corneas displayed byproducts of lipid peroxidation but not peroxynitrite (MDA but not NT). Conversely, Fuchs' dystrophy corneas displayed byproducts of peroxynitrite with little lipid peroxidation (NT >> MDA). These data suggest that oxidative damage occurs within each group of diseased corneas. However, each disease exhibits a distinctive profile, with only keratoconus showing prominent staining for both nitrotyrosine and MDA. These results suggest that keratoconus corneas do not process reactive oxygen species in a normal manner, which may play a major role in the pathogenesis of this disease.

Studies of the release from human platelets of the growth factor for cultured human arterial smooth muscle cells.

1978-03-01

Luc de Witte , KL Kaplan , H. L. Nossel +3 more

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Ozone therapy: A clinical review

2011-01-01

A M Elvis , J S Ekta

Ozone (O(3)) gas discovered in the mid-nineteenth century is a molecule consisting of three atoms of oxygen in a dynamically unstable structure due to the presence of mesomeric states. Although … Ozone (O(3)) gas discovered in the mid-nineteenth century is a molecule consisting of three atoms of oxygen in a dynamically unstable structure due to the presence of mesomeric states. Although O(3) has dangerous effects, yet researchers believe it has many therapeutic effects. Ozone therapy has been utilized and heavily studied for more than a century. Its effects are proven, consistent, safe and with minimal and preventable side effects. Medical O(3) is used to disinfect and treat disease. Mechanism of actions is by inactivation of bacteria, viruses, fungi, yeast and protozoa, stimulation of oxygen metabolism, activation of the immune system. Medication forms in a gaseous state are somewhat unusual, and it is for this reason that special application techniques have had to be developed for the safe use of O(3). In local applications as in the treatment of external wounds, its application in the form of a transcutaneous O(3) gas bath has established itself as being the most practical and useful method, for example at low (sub-atmospheric) pressure in a closed system guaranteeing no escape of O(3) into the surrounding air. Ozonized water, whose use is particularly known in dental medicine, is optimally applied as a spray or compress. Diseases treated are infected wounds, circulatory disorders, geriatric conditions, macular degeneration, viral diseases, rheumatism/arthritis, cancer, SARS and AIDS.

Mechanisms of Action Involved in Ozone Therapy: Is healing induced via a mild oxidative stress?

2011-01-01

Masaru Sagai , Velio Bocci

The potential mechanisms of action of ozone therapy are reviewed in this paper. The therapeutic efficacy of ozone therapy may be partly due the controlled and moderate oxidative stress produced … The potential mechanisms of action of ozone therapy are reviewed in this paper. The therapeutic efficacy of ozone therapy may be partly due the controlled and moderate oxidative stress produced by the reactions of ozone with several biological components. The line between effectiveness and toxicity of ozone may be dependent on the strength of the oxidative stress. As with exercise, it is well known that moderate exercise is good for health, whereas excessive exercise is not. Severe oxidative stress activates nuclear transcriptional factor kappa B (NFκB), resulting in an inflammatory response and tissue injury via the production of COX2, PGE2, and cytokines. However, moderate oxidative stress activates another nuclear transcriptional factor, nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). Nrf2 then induces the transcription of antioxidant response elements (ARE). Transcription of ARE results in the production of numerous antioxidant enzymes, such as SOD, GPx, glutathione-s-transferase(GSTr), catalase (CAT), heme-oxygenase-1 (HO-1), NADPH-quinone-oxidoreductase (NQO-1), phase II enzymes of drug metabolism and heat shock proteins (HSP). Both free antioxidants and anti-oxidative enzymes not only protect cells from oxidation and inflammation but they may be able to reverse the chronic oxidative stress. Based on these observations, ozone therapy may also activate Nrf2 via moderate oxidative stress, and suppress NFκB and inflammatory responses. Furthermore, activation of Nrf2 results in protection against neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Mild immune responses are induced via other nuclear transcriptional factors, such as nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) and activated protein-1 (AP-1). Additionally, the effectiveness of ozone therapy in vascular diseases may also be explained by the activation of another nuclear transcriptional factor, hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1a), which is also induced via moderate oxidative stress. Recently these concepts have become widely accepted. The versatility of ozone in treating vascular and degenerative diseases as well as skin lesions, hernial disc and primary root carious lesions in children is emphasized. Further researches able to elucidate whether the mechanisms of action of ozone therapy involve nuclear transcription factors, such as Nrf2, NFAT, AP-1, and HIF-1α are warranted.

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Scientific and Medical Aspects of Ozone Therapy. State of the Art

2006-04-19

Velio Bocci

Microbial Degradation of Haloaromatics

1988-10-01

Walter Reineke , Hans-Joachim Knackmuß

Human coronavirus (HCoV) infection causes respiratory diseases with mild to severe outcomes. In the last 15 years, we have witnessed the emergence of two zoonotic, highly pathogenic HCoVs: severe acute … Human coronavirus (HCoV) infection causes respiratory diseases with mild to severe outcomes. In the last 15 years, we have witnessed the emergence of two zoonotic, highly pathogenic HCoVs: severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and ...Read More

Examination, classification, and treatment of halitosis; clinical perspectives.

2000-05-01

Ken Yaegaki , Jeffrey M. Coil

Patients with halitosis may seek treatment from dental clinicians for their perceived oral malodour. In this article, an examination protocol, classification system and treatment needs for such patients are outlined. … Patients with halitosis may seek treatment from dental clinicians for their perceived oral malodour. In this article, an examination protocol, classification system and treatment needs for such patients are outlined. Physiologic halitosis, oral pathologic halitosis and pseudo-halitosis would be in the treatment realm of dental practitioners. Management may include periodontal or restorative treatment or both, as well as simple treatment measures such as instruction in oral hygiene, tongue cleaning and mouth rinsing. Psychosomatic halitosis is more difficult to diagnose and manage, and patients with this condition are often mismanaged in that they receive only treatments for genuine halitosis, even though they do not have oral malodour. A classification system can be used to identify patients with halitophobia. Additionally, a questionnaire can be used to assess the psychological condition of patients claiming to have halitosis, which enables the clinician to identify patients with psychosomatic halitosis. In understanding the different types of halitosis and the corresponding treatment needs, the dental clinician can better manage patients with this condition.

An approach to free radicals in medicine and biology.

1980-01-01

Del Maestro Rf

Evolutionary pressure induced by the release of O2 into the environment has necessitated the development of a group of mechanisms to deal with the toxic free radical byproducts of oxidative … Evolutionary pressure induced by the release of O2 into the environment has necessitated the development of a group of mechanisms to deal with the toxic free radical byproducts of oxidative metabolism. The complete reduction of O2 to H2O2 involves the addition of four electrons which can occur univalently resulting in a series of toxic intermediates or quadrivalently by the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase system, which avoids these reactive intermediates. Free radical mechanisms have been associated with a large number of disease states including inflammation, irradiation-induced injury and ischemia. The site of free radical generation, that is whether the generation of radical species is predominantly extracellular or intracellular, may determine to a degree, the types of macromolecular and cellular damage which result. A classification of diseases in which radical generating processes may play a role is presented in the hope that it may aid in the understanding and treatment of these diseases.

Ozone therapy: An overview of pharmacodynamics, current research, and clinical utility

2017-01-01

SardarAli Khan , NoelL Smith , AnthonyL Wilson +2 more

The use of ozone (O3) gas as a therapy in alternative medicine has attracted skepticism due to its unstable molecular structure. However, copious volumes of research have provided evidence that … The use of ozone (O3) gas as a therapy in alternative medicine has attracted skepticism due to its unstable molecular structure. However, copious volumes of research have provided evidence that O3's dynamic resonance structures facilitate physiological interactions useful in treating a myriad of pathologies. Specifically, O3 therapy induces moderate oxidative stress when interacting with lipids. This interaction increases endogenous production of antioxidants, local perfusion, and oxygen delivery, as well as enhances immune responses. We have conducted a comprehensive review of O3 therapy, investigating its contraindications, routes and concentrations of administration, mechanisms of action, disinfectant properties in various microorganisms, and its medicinal use in different pathologies. We explore the therapeutic value of O3 in pathologies of the cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal tract, genitourinary system, central nervous system, head and neck, musculoskeletal, subcutaneous tissue, and peripheral vascular disease. Despite compelling evidence, further studies are essential to mark it as a viable and quintessential treatment option in medicine.

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Biological effects of ultraviolet radiation

1981-02-01

M. Grandolfo

ATMOSPHERIC OZONE AND FEMORAL FRACTURES

1975-04-01

J.L. Burton , F.J Ensell , John Leach +1 more

Induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1 and IL-6) and lung inflammation by COVID-19: anti-inflammatory strategies.

2020-03-01

Pio Conti , Gianpaolo Ronconi , A. Caraffa +4 more

COVID-19 (coronavirus disease-19) involves humans as well as animals and may cause serious damage to the respiratory tract including the lung. This pathogenic virus has been identified in swabs performed … COVID-19 (coronavirus disease-19) involves humans as well as animals and may cause serious damage to the respiratory tract including the lung. This pathogenic virus has been identified in swabs performed on the throat and nose of patients who suffer from or are suspected of the disease. When COVID-19 infect the upper and lower respiratory tract it can cause mild or highly acute respiratory syndrome with consequent release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1b and IL-6. The binding of COVID-19 to the Toll Like Receptor (TLR) causes the release of pro-IL-1b which is cleaved by caspase-1, followed by inflammasome activation and production of active mature IL-1b which is a mediator of lung inflammation, fever and fibrosis. Suppression of pro-inflammatory IL-1 family members and IL-6 have been shown to have a therapeutic effect in many inflammatory diseases, including viral infections. Cytokine IL-37 has the ability to suppress innate and acquired immune response and also has the capacity to inhibit inflammation by acting on IL-18Ra receptor. IL-37 performs its immunosuppressive activity by acting on mTOR and increasing the adenosine monophosphate (AMP) kinase. This cytokine inhibits class II histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules and inflammation in inflammatory diseases by suppressing MyD88 and subsequently IL-1β, IL-6, TNF and CCL2. The suppression of IL-1b by IL-37 in inflammatory state induced by COVID-19 can have a new therapeutic effect previously unknown. Another inhibitory cytokine is IL-38, the newest cytokine of the IL-1 family members, produced by several immune cells including B cells and macrophages. IL-38 is also a suppressor cytokine which inhibits IL-1b and other pro-inflammatory IL-family members. IL-38 is a potential therapeutic cytokine which inhibits inflammation in viral infections including that caused by COVID-19, providing a new relevant strategy.

The Impact of Oxidative Stress in Human Pathology: Focus on Gastrointestinal Disorders

2021-01-30

Rosa Vona , Lucia Pallotta , Martina Cappelletti +2 more

Accumulating evidence shows that oxidative stress plays an essential role in the pathogenesis and progression of many diseases. The imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the … Accumulating evidence shows that oxidative stress plays an essential role in the pathogenesis and progression of many diseases. The imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the antioxidant systems has been extensively studied in pulmonary, neurodegenerative cardiovascular disorders; however, its contribution is still debated in gastrointestinal disorders. Evidence suggests that oxidative stress affects gastrointestinal motility in obesity, and post-infectious disorders by favoring the smooth muscle phenotypic switch toward a synthetic phenotype. The aim of this review is to gain insight into the role played by oxidative stress in gastrointestinal pathologies (GIT), and the involvement of ROS in the signaling underlying the muscular alterations of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). In addition, potential therapeutic strategies based on the use of antioxidants for the treatment of inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases are reviewed and discussed. Although substantial progress has been made in identifying new techniques capable of assessing the presence of oxidative stress in humans, the biochemical-molecular mechanisms underlying GIT mucosal disorders are not yet well defined. Therefore, further studies are needed to clarify the mechanisms through which oxidative stress-related signaling can contribute to the alteration of the GIT mucosa in order to devise effective preventive and curative therapeutic strategies.

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Hypersensitivity diseases of the lungs due to fungi and organic dusts

1971-01-01

J. Pepys

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Ozone Therapy in Medicine and Dentistry

2008-01-01

Carlos Goes Nogales , Patrícia Helena Pereira Ferrari , Efraim Olszawer Kantorovich +1 more

The purpose of this review is to present the potential for the incorporation of ozone therapy into the practice of dentistry.Ozone gas has a high oxidation potential and is 1.5 … The purpose of this review is to present the potential for the incorporation of ozone therapy into the practice of dentistry.Ozone gas has a high oxidation potential and is 1.5 times greater than chloride when used as an antimicrobial agent against bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa. It also has the capacity to stimulate blood circulation and the immune response. Such features justify the current interest in its application in medicine and dentistry and have been indicated for the treatment of 260 different pathologies. It can be used for the treatment of alveolitis as a replacement for antibiotic therapy, as a mouthwash for reducing the oral microflora, as well as the adherence of microorganisms to tooth surfaces. Ozone has been shown to stimulate remineralization of recent caries-affected teeth after a period of about six to eight weeks.The future of ozone therapy must focus on the establishment of safe and well-defined parameters in accordance with randomized, controlled trials to determine the precise indications and guidelines in order to treat various medical and dental pathologies. Scientific support, as suggested by demonstrated studies, for ozone therapy presents a potential for an atraumatic, biologically-based treatment for conditions encountered in dental practice.

UV absorbance of the human cornea in the 240- to 400-nm range.

2002-07-01

Lajos Kolozsvári , Antal Nógrádi , B. Hopp +1 more

To determine the UV absorbance of the corneal layers (epithelium, Bowman layer, stroma) in the 240- to 400-nm range.Consecutive slices (100 microm) of human cadaveric corneas were cut, and the … To determine the UV absorbance of the corneal layers (epithelium, Bowman layer, stroma) in the 240- to 400-nm range.Consecutive slices (100 microm) of human cadaveric corneas were cut, and the UV absorbance of each sample was determined in a scanning spectrophotometer. In some cases the epithelium was scraped off and its absorbance measured separately.The investigation of the UV-B absorption of consecutive corneal slices revealed evidence that UV-B absorption is 1.8 times higher in the anterior 100 microm of the human cornea than in the posterior layers. The UV absorbance of the posterior layers was uniform, showing no further structural dependence. The epithelium and Bowman layer are both effective absorbers of UV-B radiation.These results suggest that the anterior corneal layers are particularly important in preventing damage by UV-B radiation.

Bacterial Biofilms In Nature And Disease

1987-01-01

J. W. Costerton

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Oxygen, ischemia and inflammation.

1986-01-01

Stephanie J. Weiss

Tumor necrosis factors: developments during the last decade.

1996-04-01

B B Aggarwal , Kasthuri Natarajan

[Preface for special issue on microbiome engineering].

2025-06-25

Shuang‐Jiang Liu | PubMed

Microbiome engineering is an emerging interdisciplinary field that systematically investigates and applies engineering methods to uncover the functions, structures, and interaction mechanisms of microbial communities with their environments, offering critical … Microbiome engineering is an emerging interdisciplinary field that systematically investigates and applies engineering methods to uncover the functions, structures, and interaction mechanisms of microbial communities with their environments, offering critical insights into global challenges. To showcase the latest advancements and achievements in this field, Chinese Journal of biotechnology has specially organized a special issue, inviting experts and scholars from multiple domestic institutions to elaborate on the practical applications and potential of microbiome engineering in agriculture and industrial production, environmental and ecological restoration, and health and medical treatment, from perspectives of fundamental research, technological innovation, and engineering applications. Additionally, this issue explores future trends in the field, providing valuable references to promote innovation and contribute to the sustainable development of human society.

Immunomodulation by extracorporeal ozone-based bactericide system in porcine Pseudomonas aeruginosa septic shock

2025-06-25

Henrik Rundgren , Johan Sjöholm , Sanja Juric +6 more | Scientific Reports

Abstract Sepsis is associated with substantial mortality rates. Traditional treatment strategies often fail to address the underlying dysregulation in immune response, necessitating novel therapeutic approaches. Ozone (O 3 ) is … Abstract Sepsis is associated with substantial mortality rates. Traditional treatment strategies often fail to address the underlying dysregulation in immune response, necessitating novel therapeutic approaches. Ozone (O 3 ) is an inorganic molecule with no evident function in the body. We investigated the properties of ozone, using a system of extracorporeal ozone blood treatment in Pseudomonas aeruginosa septic shock. We hypothesized that extracorporeal ozonation would decrease bacteria in blood, have immunomodulating properties, and improve organ function. In this 4-h sepsis model swine were allocated to P. aeruginosa (PA-103, ATCC 29260, CCUG31589) infusion and ozone treatment (n = 7) or P. aeruginosa infusion and no ozone treatment (n = 6). Bacteria were infused in a peripheral vein. Mean (SD) duration of ozone treatment was 134 (67) min. A single pass through the system decreased viable P. aeruginosa by 53%, mean 2193 to 1023 colony forming units/mL, mean of differences -1170 (95% CI − 1689 to − 651, P < 0.0001). No difference in viable bacterial concentration was detected in peripheral venous blood between groups ( P = 0.68). IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8 and IFN-γ decreased by ozonation. Classical and alternative complement pathways were not affected. Blood hemoglobin, hematocrit and noradrenaline doses decreased in the treatment group. Breathing frequency and pulmonary peak airway pressure decreased in the ozone treatment group. Median survival in ozone treatment was 134 min and no treatment 159 min, with no statistical difference. Extracorporeal ozone blood treatment modulated the immune response in P. aeruginosa septic shock, which decreased mostly proinflammatory cytokines and was associated with indications of decreased vascular permeability and improved lung function and warrants further investigation for potential use in clinical settings.

Alkaline Gradient Induced Hydrogen Bond Stabilized Adhesive Dressings for Gastric Ulcer Healing

2025-06-24

Zhe Liu , Tianyi Cai , Xingwu Jiang +7 more | Advanced Functional Materials

Abstract Starch‐based dressings offer effective digestive wound care through their mechanical properties and mucosal protection. However, the acidic gastric environment significantly weakens the hydrogen bonding capability of starch hydroxyl groups. … Abstract Starch‐based dressings offer effective digestive wound care through their mechanical properties and mucosal protection. However, the acidic gastric environment significantly weakens the hydrogen bonding capability of starch hydroxyl groups. This effect not only hinders the formation of stable cross‐linked networks among hydrogel precursor components, but also reduces the tissue adhesion ability of gel dressings. Herein, a hydrogen bond‐stabilizing strategy utilizing nanoscale‐magnesium diboride (MgB 2 NPs) is proposed, which dynamically releases hydroxide ions to establish an alkaline gradient within the starch‐based gel (MBSG). This process not only enhances the electron density of hydrogen bond acceptors inside the gel, but also reduces the ionic dipole interactions between the hydroxyl groups on the gel surface and gastric juice, thereby facilitating the in‐situ generation, stability, and tissue adhesion of MBSG in the gastric environment. MBSG exhibits a 3.96‐fold increase in adhesive force over colloidal bismuth pectin and effectively promotes wound healing by isolating gastric ulcers from excessive H + and inhibiting M1 macrophage activation. This strategy leverages the pathological microenvironment of gastric ulcers to address the mechanical property loss in starch‐based dressings under acidic conditions, offering new insights for wound dressing development.

ĐÁNH GIÁ HIỆU QUẢ ĐIỀU TRỊ THOÁT VỊ ĐĨA ĐỆM CỘT SỐNG THẮT LƯNG BẰNG LIỆU PHÁP OZONE QUA DA DƯỚI HƯỚNG DẪN CỦA CHỤP CẮT LỚP VI TÍNH

2025-06-23

Đinh Thị Thảo , Thành Đinh Trung , Nghĩa Nguyễn Văn | Tạp chí Y học Việt Nam

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá hiệu quả của của liệu pháp ozone qua da dưới hướng dẫn của chụp cắt lớp vi tính điều trị thoát vị đĩa đệm cột sống … Mục tiêu: Đánh giá hiệu quả của của liệu pháp ozone qua da dưới hướng dẫn của chụp cắt lớp vi tính điều trị thoát vị đĩa đệm cột sống thắt lưng tại Bệnh viện Đa khoa Xanh Pôn. Phương pháp: Nghiên cứu can thiệp được tiến hành trên 100 bệnh nhân thoát vị địa đệm, sử dụng liệu pháp Ozon kết hợp với Corticoid tiêm qua da dưới hướng dẫn của chụp cắt lớp vi tính. Kết quả: Kết quả điều trị ngắn hạn, trung hạn sau 1 tháng, 3 tháng ở hai nhóm nghiên cứu và nhóm chứng là như nhau. Kết quả điều trị khi theo dõi dài hạn sau 6 tháng: nhóm nghiên cứu đau ít hơn và mất chức năng ít hơn nhóm chứng. Thể tích đĩa đệm của nhóm nghiên cứu trung bình giảm khoảng 4% so với trước điều trị. Với nhóm chứng khi điều trị corticoid đơn thuần thì thể tích đĩa đệm sẽ không những không giảm mà còn tiếp tục tăng lên theo thời gian. Kết luận: Liệu pháp ozone qua da kết hợp corticoid giúp giảm đau, cải thiện chức năng và thu nhỏ thể tích đĩa đệm tốt hơn so với corticoid đơn thuần. Đây là phương pháp điều trị tiềm năng cho thoát vị đĩa đệm cột sống thắt lưng.

Cellular Redox Regulation and Fluorescence Imaging

2025-06-23

Yong Li , Guangzhao Liu , Simiao Cheng +7 more | Chemical Reviews

Cellular redox homeostasis governs numerous essential biological processes and presents broad implications in human health and diseases. Cells maintain the redox homeostasis by expression of some types of oxidants, reductants, … Cellular redox homeostasis governs numerous essential biological processes and presents broad implications in human health and diseases. Cells maintain the redox homeostasis by expression of some types of oxidants, reductants, and redox-active metals, while processing elaborate mechanisms to regulate their internal redox status. These biomolecules can serve as biomarkers to identify the alterations in redox status. The cellular redox dysregulation indicates a crucial pathogenic mechanism in conditions such as inflammatory diseases, cancer, and neurodegenerative disorders. Consequently, exploring the self-regulatory mechanisms of cellular redox homeostasis and in situ imaging of redox changes have emerged as key research focuses. In this review, we focus on the biomolecules involved in redox maintenance and highlight their detailed regulatory mechanisms. Moreover, we systematically review recent progress in fluorescent probes responsive to biomarkers of redox changes, primarily over the past five years, including their design principles, reaction mechanisms, and bioimaging applications in redox-related diseases. This review concludes with a discussion of the challenges and prospects for redox regulation and imaging in the therapeutics and diagnostics of human diseases. We hope it can serve as a valuable resource for those interested in this rapidly expanding research field.

Ejercicio y vitíligo: De la fisiopatología a las recomendaciones de actividad física y ejercicio

2025-06-19

Jesús Ricardo Gómez Frías , Liliana Aracely Enríquez del Castillo , Flor Isela Torres Rojo | Deleted Journal

El vitíligo es una enfermedad autoinmune con una prevalencia reportada de hasta un 4% en México. Esta patología aumenta el riesgo de alteraciones metabólicas y autoinmunes; se manifiesta principalmente en … El vitíligo es una enfermedad autoinmune con una prevalencia reportada de hasta un 4% en México. Esta patología aumenta el riesgo de alteraciones metabólicas y autoinmunes; se manifiesta principalmente en forma de áreas de despigmentación en la epidermis, pero involucra una serie de alteraciones biológicas de origen multifactorial. El vitíligo parece tener una relación profunda con el desequilibrio oxido-reductivo, ya que alteraciones estructurales y funcionales en las células epidérmicas facilitan la producción de especies reactivas de oxígeno y nitrógeno en estos pacientes. En este sentido, el ejercicio se ha propuesto como una herramienta potencial debido a sus acciones moduladoras en los procesos inflamatorios y oxidativos, ya que es capaz de modificar las concentraciones de citoquinas proinflamatorias, genera adaptaciones que aumentan la función del sistema antioxidante endógeno y es capaz de reducir marcadores de estrés oxidativo. Debido a esto, el ejercicio podría mejorar el curso del vitíligo y, además se presenta como una valiosa herramienta a bajo costo, en comparación con otros tratamientos utilizados para estos pacientes. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54167/rmccf.v4i10.1872

Development of Novel Antimicrobial Therapeutic Strategies for Biofilm Control

2025-06-13

Liliana Fernandes , Maria Elisa Rodrigues , Fernanda Gomes | CRC Press eBooks

Corrigendum to “Carbon dots as nanocatalytic medicine for anti-inflammation therapy” [J. Colloid Interf. Sci. 611 (2022) 545–553/DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.12.107]

2025-06-13

Bo Hyun Kong , Tong Yang , Feng Cheng +6 more | Journal of Colloid and Interface Science

Preliminary study of sunflower oil ozonation using a fluid dynamic circuit with a Venturi injector

2025-06-13

Cristiane da Rosa Oliveira , Melissa Zuccolotti Soares , Henrique Cunha Carvalho +6 more | Instrumentation Science & Technology

Use of speleotherapy in patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome

2025-06-13

René Garbsch , Mona Kotewitsch , Hendrik Schäfer +3 more | Frontiers in Medicine

Background The post-COVID-19 syndrome (PCS) is characterized by persistent or newly developed symptoms and performance deficits lasting at least 3 months following SARS-CoV-2 infection, with dyspnea as a common symptom. … Background The post-COVID-19 syndrome (PCS) is characterized by persistent or newly developed symptoms and performance deficits lasting at least 3 months following SARS-CoV-2 infection, with dyspnea as a common symptom. Speleotherapy, a form of climatotherapy utilizing the microclimatic conditions of natural or artificial caves, has been proposed as a supportive treatment for chronic airway diseases, potentially improving lung function and exercise tolerance. Methods This study investigated the short-term effects of speleotherapy on lung diffusion capacity (DLCO) in PCS patients through a prospective interrupted time-series analysis. Forty-six patients (51.9 ± 9.3 years; 43% female) referred for rehabilitation were included, with a history of COVID-19 infection and persistent deficits lasting over 3 months. Patients underwent spirometric assessments of DLCO repeatedly on days without speleotherapy intervention and on days with intervention, alongside subjective symptom evaluations using the Nijmegen questionnaire. Results PCS patients performed a median of four out of seven speleotherapy sessions during rehabilitation, resulting in a total of 388 measurements. Analysis revealed no significant changes in DLCO or related parameters (transfer coefficient (KCO), inspiratory volume (IV), total lung capacity (TLC), Residual volume (RV)) during rehabilitation and between speleotherapy and control days ( p ≥ 0.544). Subgroup analysis of patients with DLCO below 80% of predicted reference and symptom severity assessments also revealed no therapeutic benefits. Speleotherapy frequency showed no dose-dependent effects on pulmonary outcomes ( p = 0.171). Findings from a small control group confirmed these results ( p ≥ 0.997). Conclusion Speleotherapy did not improve DLCO or alleviate symptoms in PCS patients within this study cohort. Further research is needed to investigate whether speleotherapy can alleviate pulmonary dysfunction in different PCS populations.

Bactericidal and anti-biofilm activity of ebastine against Staphylococcus aureus

2025-06-12

Liping Zhao , Chen Zhang , Li Zha +2 more | Letters in Applied Microbiology

Abstract Drug repurposing, offers promising opportunities to address infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria. This study was to evaluate the bactericidal activity, anti-biofilm properties, and potential mechanisms of the antihistamine drug … Abstract Drug repurposing, offers promising opportunities to address infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria. This study was to evaluate the bactericidal activity, anti-biofilm properties, and potential mechanisms of the antihistamine drug ebastine against S. aureus. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of ebastine against standard and clinical S. aureus isolates were determined using the broth microdilution method. The MIC values ranged from 2 to 8 µg·mL-1, indicating good activity against clinical drug-resistant strains. Time-kill curve analyses revealed a dose-dependent bactericidal effect. Regarding anti-biofilm activity, ebastine significantly inhibited biofilm formation at higher concentrations and demonstrated a moderate ability to eradicate preformed biofilms. Mechanistic studies revealed that ebastine exerted the antimicrobial effects by causing disruption to bacterial membrane integrity and inducing reactive oxygen species generation. Furthermore, safety evaluations showed that ebastine exhibited limited toxicity to mammalian cells, with negligible hemolytic effects and good overall safety profiles. This study provided new insights into the potential applications of ebastine in the field of antimicrobial therapy, highlighting its promise as a non-traditional antibacterial agent.

Improvement of Surgical Wound Healing With Ozonated Oil in Bilateral Breast Surgery: A Pilot Intra-patient Comparative Study

2025-06-12

Alejandro Ruiz-Vall , Ana Altamirano-Faus , Nerea Bedmar-Gonzalez +1 more | Cureus

Protection of Mitochondria, Cells and Organs from Ischemia–Reperfusion Damage Through Preventive Redox Bioregulation by Ozone

2025-06-10

Renate Viebahn-Haensler , Olga Fernández | International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) damage remains a major problem in surgery, primarily based on high oxidative stress generated during the reperfusion process. Mitochondria are significantly affected, their metabolic and energetic processes are … Ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) damage remains a major problem in surgery, primarily based on high oxidative stress generated during the reperfusion process. Mitochondria are significantly affected, their metabolic and energetic processes are impaired, and the redox system is out of balance. Regulation and restoration of the redox balance by oxidative preconditioning with ozone is being investigated worldwide in cell and animal models. Selected preclinical trials and their results, with a focus on cardiological and neuronal I/R damage, are presented and discussed. We regularly find an upregulation of antioxidants, demonstrated in SOD (superoxide dismutase) and GSH (glutathione, reduced form, and a decrease in oxidative stress as a result, shown here using the typical stress parameters, MDA (malondialdehyde) and TBARS (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances). Mitochondrial biogenesis, comparable to moderate physical activity, is induced by ozone oxidative preconditioning in an I/R model in rats and reviewed in this paper.

Chronic ozone exposure induces hippocampal microglia activation by microbial dysbiosis in rat lungs

2025-06-04

Qiuyu Yang , Xueshan Cao , Shanshan Li +7 more | Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

The effects of oxygen-ozone therapy in knee osteoarthritis: A systematic review

2025-06-02

Giacomo Farì , Annatonia Fai , Danilo Donati +6 more | Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation

Introduction Oxygen-ozone therapy (OOT) is an innovative treatment showing potential for various conditions, including knee osteoarthritis (KOA), a joint disorder causing cartilage degeneration, inflammation, and pain. This review evaluates OOT's … Introduction Oxygen-ozone therapy (OOT) is an innovative treatment showing potential for various conditions, including knee osteoarthritis (KOA), a joint disorder causing cartilage degeneration, inflammation, and pain. This review evaluates OOT's effectiveness in treating KOA, focusing on pain relief, joint function, and quality of life. Materials and Methods The review synthesizes findings from five randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing OOT with standard treatments such as corticosteroids, hyaluronic acid, and placebo, assessing its effects on pain relief, joint function, and quality of life. Results OOT significantly reduces pain and improves joint mobility in KOA patients, with some studies reporting longer-lasting effects than corticosteroids. OOT also shows anti-inflammatory benefits by reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines, suggesting a potential to modify disease mechanisms. It is minimally invasive and has fewer side effects compared to traditional treatments. Conclusions OOT presents a promising alternative to conventional treatments, offering pain relief, functional improvement, and safety benefits. Despite some limitations, such as treatment variability and lack of long-term follow-up, OOT is a valuable therapeutic option for KOA.

Ozone therapy on the social networks. How much science is actually involved?

2025-06-01

Marianno Franzini , Luigi Valdenassi , Salvatore Chirumbolo | International Immunopharmacology

Unlocking Healing: Ozone Therapy’s Breakthrough in Oral Lesion Management – A Narrative Review

2025-06-01

Nishath Sayed Abdul , Atheer A. Almughaiseeb , Sara Mohammed AlGhannam +1 more | Journal of Pharmacy And Bioallied Sciences

A BSTRACT Ozone therapy, a versatile and potent treatment option, is garnering attention for its efficacy in managing various oral lesions. By conducting a comprehensive literature search without timeline restrictions … A BSTRACT Ozone therapy, a versatile and potent treatment option, is garnering attention for its efficacy in managing various oral lesions. By conducting a comprehensive literature search without timeline restrictions across databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, this review synthesizes findings from randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, and significant case reports. The results indicate that ozone therapy effectively reduces microbial load, enhances wound healing, and alleviates pain, thereby improving overall treatment outcomes. This review compares ozone therapy to traditional treatment modalities, highlighting its potential for reducing dependence on pharmacological treatments due to its minimal side effects and significant efficacy. The integration of ozone therapy into mainstream dental practices is discussed, along with the barriers such as regulatory issues and the need for further research.

Evaluation of Antimicrobial Efficacy of Different Irrigants Mixed with Silver Nanoparticles – An In Vivo Study

2025-06-01

Ajay Chhabra , Himani Mehra , Priyanka Yadav +5 more | Journal of Pharmacy And Bioallied Sciences

A BSTRACT Aim: To evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of different irrigants combined with silver nanoparticles. Materials and Methods: Thirty-five patients were divided into seven groups (two control and five experimental), … A BSTRACT Aim: To evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of different irrigants combined with silver nanoparticles. Materials and Methods: Thirty-five patients were divided into seven groups (two control and five experimental), including Group 1: negative control (normal saline), Group 2: positive control (sodium hypochlorite), and Group 3 (sodium hypochlorite + AgNP), Group 4 (Twin Kleen), Group 5 (Twin Kleen + AgNP), Group 6 (Q Mix), and Group 7 (Q Mix + AgNP). Pre- and post-treatment bacterial samples were collected for analysis. Results: Sodium hypochlorite combined with silver nanoparticles demonstrated the highest antimicrobial efficacy among the tested irrigants, with a significant difference confirmed by the Chi-square statistical analysis. Conclusion: Within the limitations of the study, it can be concluded that sodium hypochlorite when mixed with the silver nanoparticles showed higher antimicrobial efficacy as compared to the other tested groups.

World Cornea Congress IX (2025): Abstracts

2025-06-01

| Cornea Open

POS1425 MEDIATORS OF OSTEOPETROSIS IN miR-146a DEFICIENT MICE

2025-06-01

Elisabeth Simader , Victoria Saferding , Thomas Sokolich +5 more | Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases

POS1199 A NOVEL AGE-DEFINED PHENOTYPIC LANDSCAPE IN MIXED CONNECTIVE TISSUE DISEASE: DISTINCT CLINICAL AND IMMUNOLOGICAL PATTERNS AT DIAGNOSIS IN 211 SPANISH PATIENTS

2025-06-01

Pilar Brito‐Zerón , Lida Garcia , Alejandra Flores-Chávez +7 more | Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases

Successful treatment of severe venous leg ulcers (VLUs) and diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) using ozone

2025-06-01

Giuseppe Masiello , Marianno Franzini , Umberto Tirelli +4 more | Journal of Vascular Surgery Venous and Lymphatic Disorders

Venous leg ulcers (VLUs) and diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are chronic wounds associated with significant morbidity, high recurrence rates, and poor healing outcomes. Conventional treatments often fail to achieve satisfactory … Venous leg ulcers (VLUs) and diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are chronic wounds associated with significant morbidity, high recurrence rates, and poor healing outcomes. Conventional treatments often fail to achieve satisfactory results, leading to prolonged pain, infection risks, and reduced quality of life. Oxygen-ozone therapy (OOT) has emerged as a potential adjunct to conventional wound care, with antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and tissue-regenerating properties. This study evaluates the efficacy of OOT in treating severe VLUs and DFUs. A total of 25 patients (mean age 57.2 ± 10.51 SD) with refractory VLUs (n=18) or DFUs (n=7) received OOT alongside standard care. Treatment protocols included major autohaemotherapy (O2-O3-MAHT), topical ozone application, and localized ozone injections. Clinical assessments included pain scoring (Numeric Rating Scale, NRS), microbiological evaluations, and logistic regression analysis to determine healing rates. At four weeks, pain scores decreased by 73.27% (p < 0.0001), and 92% of septic lesions showed negative bacterial cultures. Logistic regression analysis indicated a significant improvement in healing rates (p < 0.0001), with 80% of patients achieving complete wound closure. Inflammatory markers were reduced, and tissue regeneration was enhanced. OOT demonstrated substantial efficacy in reducing infection, alleviating pain, and promoting wound healing in patients with severe VLUs and DFUs. These findings support the use of OOT as a valuable adjunctive treatment. Further large-scale, randomized trials are needed to optimize treatment protocols and confirm long-term benefits.

Synergism effect of silver nanoparticles and cefotaxime to treat biofilm formation of Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates

2025-06-01

Safiya Saad Dhaif , Dhuha Badr Mahmood , Ghufran Salman Al-Khafajii +2 more | Studia Biologica

Background. Staphylococcus aureus, is a major pathogen causing infections in both hospital and community settings. Multi-drug-resistant strains, particularly Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), complicate treatment, as these strains can evade antibiotics. … Background. Staphylococcus aureus, is a major pathogen causing infections in both hospital and community settings. Multi-drug-resistant strains, particularly Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), complicate treatment, as these strains can evade antibiotics. Biofilm formation by S. aureus protects bacterial cells from immune responses and antibiotics, making infections difficult to treat. This study evaluates the synergistic effect of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and cefotaxime in inhibiting biofilm formation by clinical S. aureus isolates, especially multi-drug-resistant strains. Materials and Methods. Thirty clinical S. aureus isolates were obtained from patients with skin infections. Identification was confirmed using biochemical tests and the VITEK2 system. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the disk diffusion method on antibiotics including ciprofloxacin, imipenem, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, cefotaxime, and chloramphenicol. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were also determined. Biofilm formation was quantified using crystal violet staining. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized using sodium borohydride and characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). Results. All isolates were susceptible to ciprofloxacin and imipenem. Ninety percent were susceptible to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, while 70% were susceptible to cefotaxime. All isolates were resistant to chloramphenicol. Biofilm formation assays showed variability in biofilm production. AgNPs alone demonstrated superior efficacy in inhibiting biofilm formation. The combination of AgNPs and cefotaxime exhibited the strongest inhibition, suggesting a synergistic effect. Conclusion. This study suggests that AgNPs alone are more effective than cefotaxime in inhibiting biofilm formation. The combination of AgNPs and cefotaxime showed the most potent effect, providing a promising strategy for treating multi-drug-resistant S. aureus infections. AgNPs may serve as an adjunct to antibiotics in overcoming biofilm-associated infections.