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Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geochemistry and Petrology

Geological Modeling and Analysis

Works Count: 81716

Description

This cluster of papers focuses on geological modeling, uncertainty analysis, and visualization techniques in the field of geoscience. It explores methods for integrating multi-source data, addressing conceptual uncertainty, and incorporating stochastic modeling in 3D geological models. The papers also discuss the application of geological modeling in hydrogeological assessments and urban development, emphasizing the importance of accurate spatial representation and visualization of geological structures.

Keywords

Geological Modeling; Uncertainty Analysis; 3D Visualization; Data Integration; Structural Interpretation; Geospatial Knowledge; Stochastic Modeling; Geological Mapping; Hydrogeological Assessment; GIS-based Modeling

Principles of structural geology

1986-01-01
P.L. Hancock

Contaminant Hydrogeology

1993-08-01
Thomas G. Naymik

Computational methods in subsurface flow

1984-06-01
Peter S. Huyakorn , George F. Pinder

Principles of structural geology

1949-07-01
John Suppe

The Encyclopedia of Volcanoes

2015-01-01
Gpl Walker

Sandstone Depositional Environments

1982-01-01
Peter A. Scholle , Darwin Spearing
Sandstone Depositional Environments has proven to be one of AAPG's all-time best sellers, with multiple reprints and extensive use as a university textbook. The volume is specifically designed for the … Sandstone Depositional Environments has proven to be one of AAPG's all-time best sellers, with multiple reprints and extensive use as a university textbook. The volume is specifically designed for the non-sedimentologist, the petroleum geologist, or the field geologist who needs to use sandstone depositional environments in facies reconstruction and environmental interpretations. Prediction of subsurface sandstone trends, diagenetic style, and continuity of reservoir porosity is strongly dependent on an understanding of original depositional environments. The volume consists of twelve chapters, each covering a major environmental setting for sandstone deposition from terrestrial to deep marine (glacial, eolian, alluvial fan, lacustrine, fluvial, deltaic, estuarine, tidal flat, barrier island, continental shelf, continental slope, and submarine fan). For each environment the modern depositional processes are described and compared to subsurface examples, with abundant illustrations and photographs. Different scales and perspectives are reviewed, using aerial photos, maps, seismic, cross sections, outcrops, cores, and thin sections. Each chapter is organized in a manner that it can be used effectively and independently for teaching purposes or as an analog reference for field study and subsurface interpretation.

Shortest path calculation of seismic rays

1991-01-01
T. J. Moser
Like the traveling salesman who wants to find the shortest route from one city to another in order to minimize his time wasted on traveling, one can find seismic raypaths … Like the traveling salesman who wants to find the shortest route from one city to another in order to minimize his time wasted on traveling, one can find seismic raypaths by calculating the shortest traveltime paths through a network that represents the earth. The network consists of points that are connected with neighboring points by connections as “long” as the traveltime of a seismic wave along it. The shortest traveltime path from one point to another is an approximation to the seismic ray between them, by Fermat’s principle. The shortest path method is an efficient and flexible way to calculate the raypaths and traveltimes of first arrivals to all points in the earth simultaneously. There are no restrictions of classical ray theory: diffracted raypaths and paths to shadow zones are found correctly. There are also no restrictions to the complexity or the dimensionality of the velocity model. Furthermore, there are no problems with convergence of trial raypaths toward a specified receiver nor with raypaths with only a local minimal traveltime. Later arrivals on the seismogram, caused by reflections on interfaces or by multiples, can be calculated by posing constraints to the shortest paths. The computation time for shortest paths from one point to all other points of the networks is almost linearly dependent on the number of points. The accuracy of the results is quadratically dependent upon the number of points per coordinate direction and the number of connections per point.

Introduction to geological data analysis

1996-01-01
Richard J. Lisle

Geological modelling from field data and geological knowledge

2008-07-02
Philippe Calcagno , Jean‐Paul Chilès , Gabriel Courrioux +1 more
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Atlas of mesozoic and cenozoic coastlines

1994-01-01
Raymond Énay

DIRECT AND INVERSE SOLUTIONS OF GEODESICS ON THE ELLIPSOID WITH APPLICATION OF NESTED EQUATIONS

1975-04-01
T. Vincenty
AbstractThis paper gives compact formulae for the direct and inverse solutions of geodesics of any length. Existing formulae have been recast for efficient programming to conserve space and reduce execution … AbstractThis paper gives compact formulae for the direct and inverse solutions of geodesics of any length. Existing formulae have been recast for efficient programming to conserve space and reduce execution time. The main feature of the new formulae is the use of nested equations for elliptic terms. Both solutions are iterative.

Surface-Based 3D Modeling of Geological Structures

2009-09-23
Guillaume Caumon , Pauline Collon , Christian Le Carlier de Veslud +2 more
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Image Interpretation in Geology

1987-01-01
S. A. Drury

Shore Processes and Shoreline Development

1920-02-01
Douglas Johnson
"Shore Processes and Shoreline Development." Geologiska Föreningen i Stockholm Förhandlingar, 42(2), p. 87 "Shore Processes and Shoreline Development." Geologiska Föreningen i Stockholm Förhandlingar, 42(2), p. 87

The techniques of modern structural geology

1986-03-01
John G. Ramsay , Martin I. Huber
"The techniques of modern structural geology." Geologiska Föreningen i Stockholm Förhandlingar, 108(1), p. 78 "The techniques of modern structural geology." Geologiska Föreningen i Stockholm Förhandlingar, 108(1), p. 78

TERMINOLOGY FOR STRATIFICATION AND CROSS-STRATIFICATION IN SEDIMENTARY ROCKS

1953-01-01
Edwin D. McKee , Gordon Whitney Weir
Research Article| April 01, 1953 TERMINOLOGY FOR STRATIFICATION AND CROSS-STRATIFICATION IN SEDIMENTARY ROCKS EDWIN D MCKEE; EDWIN D MCKEE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZ.; U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, WASHINGTON, D. … Research Article| April 01, 1953 TERMINOLOGY FOR STRATIFICATION AND CROSS-STRATIFICATION IN SEDIMENTARY ROCKS EDWIN D MCKEE; EDWIN D MCKEE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZ.; U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, WASHINGTON, D. C. Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar GORDON W WEIR GORDON W WEIR UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZ.; U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, WASHINGTON, D. C. Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Author and Article Information EDWIN D MCKEE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZ.; U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, WASHINGTON, D. C. GORDON W WEIR UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZ.; U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, WASHINGTON, D. C. Publisher: Geological Society of America Received: 04 Oct 1952 First Online: 02 Mar 2017 Online ISSN: 1943-2674 Print ISSN: 0016-7606 Copyright © 1953, The Geological Society of America, Inc. Copyright is not claimed on any material prepared by U.S. government employees within the scope of their employment. GSA Bulletin (1953) 64 (4): 381–390. https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1953)64[381:TFSACI]2.0.CO;2 Article history Received: 04 Oct 1952 First Online: 02 Mar 2017 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Search Site Citation EDWIN D MCKEE, GORDON W WEIR; TERMINOLOGY FOR STRATIFICATION AND CROSS-STRATIFICATION IN SEDIMENTARY ROCKS. GSA Bulletin 1953;; 64 (4): 381–390. doi: https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1953)64[381:TFSACI]2.0.CO;2 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietyGSA Bulletin Search Advanced Search Abstract A terminology is suggested to aid the field geologist in describing the structures of stratified and cross-stratified rock units. Qualitative terms describing the character of rock layering are stratification, stratum, cross-stratification, cross-stratum, set, coset, and composite set. Quantitative terms applying to the thickness of stratification are very thick-bedded, thick-bedded, thin-bedded, very thin-bedded, laminated, and thinly laminated. Quantitative terms applying to the thickness of units into which the rock splits are massive, blocky, slabby, flaggy, shaly, platy, and papery.A classification of cross-stratification is suggested, based primarily on whether the lower bounding surface of a set of cross-strata is one of erosion or nondeposition and, if erosional, whether it is plane or curved. Features of secondary importance in this classification are the shape of set of cross-strata, the attitude of the axis, the symmetry of the cross-strata with respect to the axis, the arching of the cross-strata, the dip of the cross-strata, and the length of individual cross-strata. This content is PDF only. Please click on the PDF icon to access. First Page Preview Close Modal You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.

EUSTATIC CONTROLS ON CLASTIC DEPOSITION II—SEQUENCE AND SYSTEMS TRACT MODELS

1988-01-01
Henry W. Posamentier , Peter R. Vail
Depositional sequences are composed of genetically related sediments bounded by unconformities or their correlative conformities and are related to cycles of eustatic change. The bounding unconformities are inferred to be … Depositional sequences are composed of genetically related sediments bounded by unconformities or their correlative conformities and are related to cycles of eustatic change. The bounding unconformities are inferred to be related to eustatic-fall inflection points. They are either type 1 or type 2 unconformities, depending on whether sea-level fall was rapid (i.e., rate of eustatic fall exceeded subsidence rate at the depositional shoreline break) or slow (i.e., rate of eustatic fall was less than subsidence rate at the depositional shoreline break). Each sequence is composed of a succession of systems tracts. Each systems tract is composed of a linkage...

Sur une methode graphique de recherche des contraintes principales egalement utilisables en tectonique et en seismologie : la methode des diedres droits

1977-01-01
Jacques Angelier , P. Mechler

Support of Underground Excavations in Hard Rock

1996-12-01
John Cogan
Research Article| January 01, 1996 Support of Underground Excavations in Hard Rock JOHN COGAN JOHN COGAN Morrison Knudsen Corporation, One Market Plaza, Stewart Tower, Suite 400, San Francisco, CA 94105 … Research Article| January 01, 1996 Support of Underground Excavations in Hard Rock JOHN COGAN JOHN COGAN Morrison Knudsen Corporation, One Market Plaza, Stewart Tower, Suite 400, San Francisco, CA 94105 Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Environmental & Engineering Geoscience (1996) II (4): 610–611. https://doi.org/10.2113/gseegeosci.II.4.610 Article history first online: 09 Mar 2017 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Search Site Citation JOHN COGAN; Support of Underground Excavations in Hard Rock. Environmental & Engineering Geoscience 1996;; II (4): 610–611. doi: https://doi.org/10.2113/gseegeosci.II.4.610 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietyEnvironmental & Engineering Geoscience Search Advanced Search This content is PDF only. Please click on the PDF icon to access. First Page Preview Close Modal You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.

ROLE OF FLUID PRESSURE IN MECHANICS OF OVERTHRUST FAULTING

1959-01-01
W. W. Rubey , M. King Hubbert
Research Article| February 01, 1959 ROLE OF FLUID PRESSURE IN MECHANICS OF OVERTHRUST FAULTING: II. OVERTHRUST BELT IN GEOSYNCLINAL AREA OF WESTERN WYOMING IN LIGHT OF FLUID-PRESSURE HYPOTHESIS WILLIAM W … Research Article| February 01, 1959 ROLE OF FLUID PRESSURE IN MECHANICS OF OVERTHRUST FAULTING: II. OVERTHRUST BELT IN GEOSYNCLINAL AREA OF WESTERN WYOMING IN LIGHT OF FLUID-PRESSURE HYPOTHESIS WILLIAM W RUBEY; WILLIAM W RUBEY U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, WASHINGTON, D.C.; SHELL DEVELOPMENT CO., HOUSTON, TEXAS Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar M KING HUBBERT M KING HUBBERT U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, WASHINGTON, D.C.; SHELL DEVELOPMENT CO., HOUSTON, TEXAS Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Author and Article Information WILLIAM W RUBEY U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, WASHINGTON, D.C.; SHELL DEVELOPMENT CO., HOUSTON, TEXAS M KING HUBBERT U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, WASHINGTON, D.C.; SHELL DEVELOPMENT CO., HOUSTON, TEXAS Publisher: Geological Society of America Received: 10 Nov 1958 First Online: 02 Mar 2017 Online ISSN: 1943-2674 Print ISSN: 0016-7606 Copyright © 1959, The Geological Society of America, Inc. Copyright is not claimed on any material prepared by U.S. government employees within the scope of their employment. GSA Bulletin (1959) 70 (2): 167–206. https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1959)70[167:ROFPIM]2.0.CO;2 Article history Received: 10 Nov 1958 First Online: 02 Mar 2017 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Permissions Search Site Citation WILLIAM W RUBEY, M KING HUBBERT; ROLE OF FLUID PRESSURE IN MECHANICS OF OVERTHRUST FAULTING: II. OVERTHRUST BELT IN GEOSYNCLINAL AREA OF WESTERN WYOMING IN LIGHT OF FLUID-PRESSURE HYPOTHESIS. GSA Bulletin 1959;; 70 (2): 167–206. doi: https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1959)70[167:ROFPIM]2.0.CO;2 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietyGSA Bulletin Search Advanced Search Abstract Pressures of interstitial fluids significantly greater than the normal hydrostatic pressure are known in many parts of the world. Many occurrences are in thick sections of relatively young sediments; some are in areas that have been intensely deformed. Abnormal fluid pressures in the Gulf Coast region are associated with thick bodies of shale or mudstone, and with high hydraulic gradients across bedding. The rocks there have been buried rather rapidly and are evidently not yet fully compacted. The mechanism by which clay consolidates under pressure affords a quantitative relationship among the variables—depth, strength of clay, and fluid pressure—and this relationship indicates that the Gulf Coast examples agree fairly well with observations on depth and porosity in Paleozoic shales of Oklahoma and Tertiary shales of Venezuela. Critical data are lacking, but permeability clearly decreases tremendously as clay rocks are compacted. This decrease in permeability provides a self-sealing mechanism that greatly retards the escape of pore water from deeply buried clay rocks. The relationship between rate of compaction and the development of abnormal fluid pressures probably applies not only to clay rocks but also to carbonates and possibly to micaceous and chloritic metamorphic rocks. Conditions of geosynclinal deposition are, in general, those most favorable to the development of abnormal fluid pressures.The hypothesis that large-scale overthrusting is facilitated by abnormal fluid pressures which, in turn, are associated with geosynclinal deposition is applied to the overthrust belt of western Wyoming and adjacent States. This is a long curving belt of several bedding-plane faults which have an aggregate horizontal displacement across the belt of 50 miles or more. The sedimentary rocks that make up the belt were evidently deposited in a major geosyncline bordered by uplands not far to the west. At any given locality, the rate of deposition of the sediments increased continuously until the beginning of intense deformation and overthrusting. The geosynclinal axis and the bordering uplands probably migrated slowly eastward across the belt. Several lines of indirect evidence suggest that abnormal fluid pressures developed in this region during final stages of rapid geosynclinal sinking and that thick plates of Paleozoic and Mesozoic sedimentary rocks sheared off from the underlying rocks and moved slowly eastward. Rate of movement probably was controlled by erosion of upfolds that arose at the front of each moving plate. The fundamental cause of the lateral stresses that propelled the overthrusts is not known, but it may be examined instructively in the light of the fluid-pressure hypothesis. The thrust sheets might, for example, have slid by simple gravitation down the western limb of the geosyncline on reasonable slopes and not improbable fluid pressure-overburden ratios. Such large-scale slumping of thrust sheets, however, seems to require gaps at the rear of the thrust sheets. The long intermontane valleys of Idaho and Utah may possibly have originated as such gaps or rifts, but no proof has yet been recognized that they were formed in this manner. An alternative possibility, regional compression, requires concentration of the lateral stresses within the upper few miles of the earth's crust; in this general region emplacement of the Idaho batholith seems the most likely source of such superficially concentrated stresses. However, this batholith is so far from the front edge of the overthrust belt that it would require extremely high fluid pressure-overburden ratios over a wide area. Perhaps some combination of the two forces—pushing wide thrust plates down a gentle slope—is the most likely explanation. First Page Preview Close Modal You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.

From core referencing to data re-use: two French national initiatives to reinforce paleodata stewardship (National Cyber Core Repository and LTER France Retro-Observatory)

2017-05-01
Fabien Arnaud , Cécile Pignol , Pierre Stéphan +7 more
Managing paleoscience data is highly challenging to the multiplicity of actors in play, types of sampling, analysis, post-analysis treatments, statistics etc. However, a well-structured curating of data would permit innovative … Managing paleoscience data is highly challenging to the multiplicity of actors in play, types of sampling, analysis, post-analysis treatments, statistics etc. However, a well-structured curating of data would permit innovative developments based on data and/or sample re-use, such as meta-analysis or the development of new proxies on previously studied cores. In this paper, we will present two recent initiatives that allowed us tackling this objective at a French national level: the “National Cyber Core Repository” (NCCR) and the “LTER-France retro-observatory” (ROZA).NCCR was developed under the umbrella of the French National Center fo Coring and Drilling (C2FN) thanks to the national excellence equipment project CLIMCOR. It aims at gathering on a unique website the locations and metadata of any scientific coring/drilling performed by French teams or using French facilities, whatever the type of archive it is (lake/marine sediment; ice etc.). It uses international standard, notably IGSN (for samples), ORCID (for persons) and DOI (for campaigns). NCC follows the INSPIRE ISO 19115 standard in order to catalogue the data. For continental sediment, NCCR may be fed directly on the field through a specifically developed mobile application.Based on NCCR, further initiatives may be led. In particular, under the umbrella of LTER-France (Long Term Ecological Research), we developed ROZA in order to facilitate the re-use of data and samples. Here the idea is to capitalise the knowledge on a given lake from which several sediment cores can be taken through time. In that aim we selected at least one lake from each of the 13 areas composing the network LTER-France. To enter the database, a set of mandatory data must be provided under a pre-determined format. In that case, the insertion of ROZA within the network LTER will favor to use of paleodata by non-paleodata scientists, in particular ecologists.
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Introduction to geophysical prospecting

1952-05-01
E.W. Hammer

Mesh optimization

1993-09-01
Hugues Hoppe , Tony DeRose , Tom Duchamp +2 more
Article Free Access Share on Mesh optimization Authors: Hugues Hoppe View Profile , Tony DeRose View Profile , Tom Duchamp View Profile , John McDonald View Profile , Werner Stuetzle … Article Free Access Share on Mesh optimization Authors: Hugues Hoppe View Profile , Tony DeRose View Profile , Tom Duchamp View Profile , John McDonald View Profile , Werner Stuetzle View Profile Authors Info & Claims SIGGRAPH '93: Proceedings of the 20th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniquesSeptember 1993 Pages 19–26https://doi.org/10.1145/166117.166119Online:01 September 1993Publication History 705citation4,101DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations705Total Downloads4,101Last 12 Months393Last 6 weeks68 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
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Isostasy and Flexure of the Lithosphere

2023-09-28
A. B. Watts
Simple analytical solutions exist for the deflection by line loads of thin elastic beams that overlie an inviscid fluid substrate. Deflections for more complex rectangular- and triangular-shaped loads can be … Simple analytical solutions exist for the deflection by line loads of thin elastic beams that overlie an inviscid fluid substrate. Deflections for more complex rectangular- and triangular-shaped loads can be evaluated by integration. The deflection of a beam that varies in thickness along its length is best solved, however, by numerical rather than analytical methods. Foremost among them are finite difference techniques, and both two- and three-dimensional codes are now widely available. Thin-plate theory and a flat Earth are good approximations to make in most geological modelling applications.
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Analysis of geological structures

1991-10-01

Physical geodesy

1967-12-01
W. Heiskanen , Helmut Moritz

Principles of geology; being an attempt to explain the former changes of the earth's surface, by reference to causes now in operation

1830-01-01
Charles Lyell , G. P. Deshayes
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Geophysical Fluid Dynamics

1979-01-01
Joseph Pedlosky

Principles of physical geology

1945-01-01
A. Holmes
"Principles of physical geology." Geologiska Föreningen i Stockholm Förhandlingar, 67(1), pp. 115–116 "Principles of physical geology." Geologiska Föreningen i Stockholm Förhandlingar, 67(1), pp. 115–116

Studies of Appalachian geology : northern and maritime

1968-01-01
E-an Zen

Metamorphism and Metamorphic Belts

1973-01-01
Akiho Miyashiro

Implementation of a geological and field analysis system using integrated modeling tools

2025-06-24
Elena Valer'evna Egorova , Ekaterina Nikolaevna Prikhodko , Arsen Askarovich Srymov +1 more | Oil and gas technologies and environmental safety
The issues of geological control over the dynamics of reservoir conditions during the development of hy-drocarbon deposits, key methods of in-depth research, including field-geophysical, gas-hydrodynamic and thermometric studies, as well … The issues of geological control over the dynamics of reservoir conditions during the development of hy-drocarbon deposits, key methods of in-depth research, including field-geophysical, gas-hydrodynamic and thermometric studies, as well as the study of the physico-chemical properties of reservoir fluids, are considered. Special attention is paid to integrated modeling methods that make it possible to effectively analyze the geological structure and properties of deposits, create three-dimensional models, predict the dynamics of deposits, as well as optimize production parameters and evaluate economic efficiency. The importance of using modern technologies for accurate forecasting and risk assessment in geological and field analysis, as well as for improving the efficiency of development management, is emphasized. The advantages of using numerical modeling, artificial intelligence, and machine learning in interpreting research data are considered. These methods contribute to a deeper understanding of the processes taking place in the subsurface, and allow us to form sound recommendations for regulating the mining system. The importance of an integrated approach to analysis combining geophysical, chemical, physical and economic data is noted, which ensures high accuracy of model construction. It is emphasized that modern geological and field analysis is a powerful tool aimed at achieving maximum extraction of hydrocarbons while complying with environmental and technological safety requirements.

Application of Geomodeller in Production of Enhanced Lithological Map for Groundwater Exploration

2025-06-20
Bongomin Joachim , Openy Geoffrey , Nastassia Denis +3 more | Cureus Journal of Engineering.

Numerical simulation of probabilistic CO2 behavior based on 3D lithology model in heterogeneous geologic formation in the Janggi Basin, Korea

2025-06-20
Jai-Yong Park , Jung‐Hwi Kihm | Geosciences Journal

Efficient 3D geological modeling for offshore wind farm with sparse CPTU and borehole data

2025-06-20
Lizhong Wang , Xinhai Zhang , Yi Hong +4 more | Canadian Geotechnical Journal
Geological modeling of complex marine strata is critical for offshore wind farm development but faces two challenges: (1) inconsistent soil classification between two commonly-used site investigation data, i.e., piezocone penetration … Geological modeling of complex marine strata is critical for offshore wind farm development but faces two challenges: (1) inconsistent soil classification between two commonly-used site investigation data, i.e., piezocone penetration tests (CPTU) and boreholes, posing a challenge for integrating multi-source information; (2) sparse distribution of investigation data horizontally, which makes 3D spatial interpolation difficult. To tackle these two issues, this study proposes a novel framework for geological modeling of offshore wind farms. The framework encompasses two crucial steps. First, a tailored CPTU-based soil classification model is trained to resolve interpretation discrepancies. Second, an advanced spatial interpolation model is developed for the 3D modeling of sparse investigation data. Both steps make uses of, simple but efficient, nonparametric machine learning algorithms, e.g., weighted kNN, for predictions, i.e., soil classification and 3D spatial interpolation, respectively. Sequential model-based optimization technique is employed to determine the optimal model hyperparameter. The proposed methodology is demonstrated and validated through benchmark examples and applied to two case studies of offshore wind farms with complex strata in East China Sea and Yellow Sea. It significantly improves soil classification accuracy, especially for silty soils dominated site, and enhances the capability of complex stratigraphy modeling despite sparse data.

Geoscience Visual Presentation G06: Seismic imaging in shallow water: where are we at and where might we be going?

2025-06-19
Jennifer L. Moss | Australian Energy Producers journal.
Geoscience Visual Presentation G06 The Galactic 2D Seismic Imaging Study (November 2023–June 2024) sought to assess and understand what is achievable as of today and what may soon be achievable … Geoscience Visual Presentation G06 The Galactic 2D Seismic Imaging Study (November 2023–June 2024) sought to assess and understand what is achievable as of today and what may soon be achievable when exploring in geophysically challenging shallow-water marine regions with 2D seismic data of limited quality – in this instance, using data acquired over one such region offshore Australia’s Northern Territory. This was approached first by comparing the outputs of a commercially available state-of-the-art depth-imaging workflow as applied by four seismic processing services companies (Phase 1). Whilst broadly in agreement, the outputs of this first exercise vary significantly in some respects. An anonymised subset of the deliverables was independently assessed by a group of seismic interpreters to provide the perspective of the end user, where no one set of deliverables was found to clearly outperform the others in all aspects. These results were then contrasted against a suite of novel but under-development approaches to seismic imaging and model building, as applied by two tech startups and two academic groups (Phase 2). Whilst the potential for several of these promising technologies to either reduce cost, shorten turnaround, or improve imaging quality has been previously demonstrated when working with deep-water data, the outputs generated suggest that the additional challenges that shallow-water data entail necessitate further development before any of them might potentially supersede conventional workflows. To access the Visual Presentation click on the link on the right. To read the full paper click here

Geoscience Visual Presentation G08: Beneath the surface: 3D geological model of northern Bowen Basin

2025-06-19
Mojtaba Rajabi | Australian Energy Producers journal.
Geoscience Visual Presentation G08 Three-dimensional (3D) geological models are critical inputs for resource assessment of any commodity as they provide a detailed representation of subsurface geology. They enable better informed … Geoscience Visual Presentation G08 Three-dimensional (3D) geological models are critical inputs for resource assessment of any commodity as they provide a detailed representation of subsurface geology. They enable better informed decision making and, therefore, mitigation of risks associated with exploration and production in structurally complex areas. This paper presents a recent subsurface geological model of the northern Bowen Basin in Queensland, eastern Australia. It is considered as a rich basin that yields significant coal and natural gas resources but also has potential for underground geo-storage. Since its discovery, the basin has been mapped, drilled and geophysically surveyed, informing a series of regional solid geology and structural maps as well as mine to deposit scale subsurface models of increased detail. This study integrates data from over 2000 boreholes, 600 seismic lines, digital elevation models and surface geological maps to create a 3D geological model of the thrust-faulted northern Bowen Basin. The approach was to package the stratigraphy by age, but more so rheological differences. This 3D model is composed of three main packages, including surface to Cenozoic unconformity; Bowen Basin fill between the Mid Permian and Cenozoic unconformities; and the early Permian extensional basins below the Denison Trough. The final model features 14 horizons, 24 regional faults and large-scale intrusions. The model was constructed with an areal and vertical resolution of 600 m and 150 m, respectively. This model presents a regional 3D picture of the northern Bowen Basin and offers significant insights and implications for various energy and resource sectors. To access the Visual Presentation click on the link on the right. To read the full paper click here

The uncertainty partitioning of the terrestrial C cycling over CONUS NEON sites using model-data fusion

2025-06-17
Dongchen Zhang , Qianyu Li , Alexis Helgeson +2 more | bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)
Accurate inventories of terrestrial carbon pools and fluxes are crucial for understanding ecosystem processes, tracking climate change impacts, and meeting the monitoring, reporting, and verification (MRV) requirements in international treaties … Accurate inventories of terrestrial carbon pools and fluxes are crucial for understanding ecosystem processes, tracking climate change impacts, and meeting the monitoring, reporting, and verification (MRV) requirements in international treaties and voluntary carbon markets. In meeting this need, the fusion of process-based modeling, field data, and remote sensing observations has the potential to provide more accurate and precise estimates than each alone. However, as the number of data constraints on a system increases, different sources of information can interact with each other in complex ways across space, time, and processes. In this study, we undertake a value-of-information analysis to assess the contribution of different observations to reducing carbon cycle uncertainties across pools, fluxes, and spatial domains within the PEcAn carbon cycle data assimilation system. We used a novel block-based Tobit Gamma Ensemble Filter to assimilate four synergistic data constraints, MODIS leaf area index, Landtrendr aboveground biomass, SMAP soil moisture, and SoilGrids soil organic C, into a process-based ecosystem model (SIPNET) at 39 National Ecological Observatory Network sites across the contiguous U.S. from 2012 to 2021. Results showed that not only did we greatly reduce uncertainty among the directly constrained pools but many observations were able to share information across variables and space. These indirect constraints helped identify synergies and conflicts among data streams and across space, which provides insights for further constraining carbon inventories. Overall, soil carbon remains the largest source of uncertainty in the overall carbon budget due to both its large size and limited observational constraints.

Construction of a 3D visualization model of an open-pit mine production operation scenario in the context of sustainable development

2025-06-16
Guangwei Liu , Yuxin Feng , J. C. Tu +2 more | Research Square (Research Square)
<title>Abstract</title> The rapid increase in the production capacity of open-pit coal mines has resulted in the development of mining and transportation equipment that is large-scale, serialized, safe, efficient, green, and … <title>Abstract</title> The rapid increase in the production capacity of open-pit coal mines has resulted in the development of mining and transportation equipment that is large-scale, serialized, safe, efficient, green, and sustainable. This has led to higher requirements for the refined modeling of mining production scenarios. Nevertheless, the intricate nature of open-pit mines makes modeling more challenging. This study presents a comprehensive investigation and analysis of the operational environment of open-pit coal mines. The contour lines and bench lines of the mining and stripping project plan view are selected as the data source for modeling and construction of a grid DEM of the open-pit coal mine production scenario. The grid is interpolated to obtain the point elevation values, and a constrained triangulated irregular network (TIN) is constructed using the top and bottom lines of the bench slope as constraints. The 3DS Max software is employed to construct the open-pit coal mine production and operation scene model, which is then imported into the Unity3D virtual engine development platform for rendering optimization. The findings of this study offer novel insights into the modeling of open-pit coal mine production and operation scenes and provide robust support for the sustainable development of open-pit mines.

Fusion of Limited Site-Specific Borehole Logs and Geophysical Data from a Different Site for Three-Dimensional Subsurface Geological Modeling Using Multiscale Generative Adversarial Network

2025-06-16
Borui Lyu , Yu Wang , Cong Miao +4 more | Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering

‘Stratigraphically Homogeneous Zones’: automated construction and restitution procedure for engineering geology use

2025-06-16
A. D’Agostino , Attilio Porchia , G. Tortorici +5 more | Journal of Maps

Promises And Perils For Planogram Compliance In A World With Generative Artificial Intelligence

2025-06-15
Lynne Patten , Paul Brown | International Journal of Business & Management Studies
In retail, planograms can have a significant impact on a customer’s experience and a company’s bottom line. Effective planograms can help retailers improve decision making, better understand product trends, and … In retail, planograms can have a significant impact on a customer’s experience and a company’s bottom line. Effective planograms can help retailers improve decision making, better understand product trends, and respond to customer needs. Given the dynamics of the retail environment, one of the major issues with planograms is compliance. Without planogram compliance, maximizing the benefits from its use may be difficult to achieve. Often, the retail environment is dynamic, filled with market nuances, rapid product rotation, and unforeseen challenges. One of the major challenges with store level compliance is being able to visualize the store shelves to determine the state of compliance. Traditionally, retailers have relied on human judgment and labor to perform the planogram compliance tasks, resulting in lost sales and out-of-stocks. Although some retailers use limited technology in the process, there continues to be room for improvement. Recently, there have been technical advancements, like generative artificial intelligence, that can revolutionize this process and help to significantly improve planogram compliance. This paper seeks to provide a thoughtful perspective on the effectiveness of planograms, the benefits of planogram compliance, and the potential impact that generative artificial intelligence can have on compliance

Torsional irregularity of NSC and HSC asymmetric multistory 3-D buildings

2025-06-14
Ahmed M. Yousef , Ahmed Ghaleb , Doaa M. Awad +1 more | Innovative Infrastructure Solutions
Abstract The reliability of the criteria adopted by the seismic codes in the United States (ASCE/SEI-7-16), in Europe (EC-8) and Egypt (ECP201-2012), that are used in distinguish torsionally irregular from … Abstract The reliability of the criteria adopted by the seismic codes in the United States (ASCE/SEI-7-16), in Europe (EC-8) and Egypt (ECP201-2012), that are used in distinguish torsionally irregular from torsionally regular Normal-Strength Concrete (NSC) and High-Strength Concrete (HSC) multistory 3-D buildings have been studied. The Static Equivalent Lateral Force (SELF) methods used by these codes for predicting the torsional moments have been examined when applied to NSCand HSCtorsionally asymmetric multistory buildings. Finite element model has been used to solve the nonlinear equations of motions for two multistory buildings examples with different eccentricity (e equal to 0.10L i , 0.15L i and 0.20L i ) and constructed from NSC ( $$f_{c}^{\prime }$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi>f</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>c</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>′</mml:mo> </mml:msubsup> </mml:math> = 25 N/mm 2 ), HSC( $$f_{c}^{\prime }$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi>f</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>c</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>′</mml:mo> </mml:msubsup> </mml:math> up to 75 N/mm 2 ) and VHSC ( $$f_{c}^{\prime }$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi>f</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>c</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>′</mml:mo> </mml:msubsup> </mml:math> up to 100 N/mm 2 ). Many different earthquake records have been used in the seismic analysis. The results showed that the criteria adopted by ASCE/SEI-7-16 so as to distinguish torsionally regular from torsionally irregular NSC, HSC and VHSC multistory buildings are the most reliable and more simple and accurate when compared with the methods adopted by EC-8 and ECP201-2012. The provisions of ECP201-2012 for determination of the torsional irregularity of a building depending on the calculated structural eccentricity (between C. M. and C. R.) may lead to unsafe results. Using the SELF methods of the studied seismic codes in predicting the torsional moments of some torsionally symmetrical and torsionally asymmetrical multistory buildings constructed from NSCand HSCmay lead to unsafe and unconservative predictions. The value of the accidental eccentricity adopted by the studied seismic codes underestimated the torsional moments predicted using SELF methods of the studied codes in some torsionally symmetrical and torsionally asymmetrical multistory buildings.

Experimental Seismic Surveying in a Historic Underground Metals Mine

2025-06-12
John H. McBride , Lex Lambeck , Kevin A. Rey +2 more | Geosciences
Underground mine surveys present unique challenges, including the logistics of deploying an energy source, placing geophones in solid rock, managing reverberation from the adit, and ensuring safety. We present the … Underground mine surveys present unique challenges, including the logistics of deploying an energy source, placing geophones in solid rock, managing reverberation from the adit, and ensuring safety. We present the results of seismic surveying at the historic Deer Trail Mine in south-central Utah (USA). The mine is located along the eastern side of the Tushar Range. The surveys utilised a narrow, mostly horizontal adit, 120–510 m below the ground surface. The country rock consists of highly fractured and mineralised Permian to Pennsylvanian quartzites, shales, and limestones. A short test of a 96-channel common midpoint (CMP) P-wave profile was conducted using an accelerated weight-dropper source. We supplemented the P-wave survey with tests of surface-wave dispersion and horizontal-vertical spectral ratio modelling for shallow S-wave structure. These tests confirmed the capability to map shallow, small-scale structure. A conventional CMP 264-channel survey with an explosive source covered 1728 m. A static recording array was used for both surveys with 4.5-Hz vertical geophones. The conventional CMP profile imaged horizontal and dipping reflectors down to about 2000 m, interpreted as lithologic variations in the bedrock. Our study demonstrates the potential for high-resolution seismic exploration in an unconventional and challenging setting to guide the exploitation of deeply buried mineral resources.

Editorial: Data, damage, and design: adaptive intelligence in environmental geotechnics

2025-06-12
Josip Peranić | Environmental Geotechnics

A parameterized model reconstruction method for multi-mineral porous rocks

2025-06-12
Yuliang Zhang , Xiangyu Xing , Guowei Ma +1 more | International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences

Three critical issues associated with the computational simulation of hydrothermal ore deposits within the Earth’s upper crust

2025-06-12
Chongbin Zhao , B. E. Hobbs , Alison Ord +1 more | Hydrogeology Journal

Rezension von: Geologische Karte von Baden-Württemberg Blatt 7223

2025-06-12
Winfried Ludwig Hermann Ströbel | Schwäbische Heimat
Geologische Karte von Baden-Württemberg 1:25 000, Blatt 7223 Göppingen. Herausgegeben vom Geologischen Landesamt Baden-Württemberg. Druck und Vertrieb: Landesvermessungsamt Baden-Württemberg. Mit Erläuterungen von Eugen Eisenhut und Beiträgen von P. Groschopf (Mineralwässer), … Geologische Karte von Baden-Württemberg 1:25 000, Blatt 7223 Göppingen. Herausgegeben vom Geologischen Landesamt Baden-Württemberg. Druck und Vertrieb: Landesvermessungsamt Baden-Württemberg. Mit Erläuterungen von Eugen Eisenhut und Beiträgen von P. Groschopf (Mineralwässer), S. Müller (Böden), H. Zürn (Vorgeschichte). 213 S., 13 Abb., 4 Beil., 5 Taf., Stuttgart 1975. Preis mit Erläuterungen DM 16,-

Geodesics

2025-06-10
Nicola Vittorio | CRC Press eBooks

Ramsay, John Graham (1931–2021), structural geologist

2025-06-09
Louis Gulino | Oxford Dictionary of National Biography

Evaluation framework for the generation of continental bare surface reflectance composites

2025-06-07
Paul Karlshoefer , Pablo d’Angelo , Jonas Eberle +1 more | Geoderma

Integrated Geosciences Subsurface Exploration for Engineering Construction in a Basement Terrain

2025-06-03
Ameh Igoche Mark , Amadi Nwanosike Akobundu , Ojo Tope Odunayo +1 more | Research Square (Research Square)
<title>Abstract</title> Non-invasive 2-Dimensional Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) and 1-Dimensional Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) were integrated with invasive geotechnical soil analysis to characteristics the subsurface of a proposed engineering construction site … <title>Abstract</title> Non-invasive 2-Dimensional Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) and 1-Dimensional Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) were integrated with invasive geotechnical soil analysis to characteristics the subsurface of a proposed engineering construction site in a Crystalline Basement complex area. The geophysical results indicate the subsurface to be characterized by three major geoelectric layers. The 2D ERT established weak subsurface areas that were further probed with invasive geotechnical investigations. The geotechnical investigation involved the performance of five (5) Dynamic Cone Penetration Tests (DCPT), and establishment of three (3) Trial Pits. The strength tests, indicate an allowable bearing capacity range of 199 kN/m<sup>2</sup> to 217 kN/m<sup>2</sup> obtained at 2.0m to 3.0m depth ranges. The magnitude of consolidation settlement is within 25mm maximum as specified for building structures. Based on the bearing capacity and the shallow water table observed over the site, a Pad foundation sited at depth of 1.5m is recommended for the proposed structures on site. The Foundation should be designed with bearing capacity not greater than 180 kN/m2. This study shows that the integration of geoscientific methods for subsurface study regarding engineering structures cannot be overemphasized.

3D geological modeling of tunnel alignment in the complex mountainous region of Yongshan, China, based on multisource data fusion

2025-06-01
Huaiyuan Sun , Lianxi Sheng , Yiming Dai +3 more | Engineering Geology

The role of digitization in engineering geologic investigations

2025-06-01
Scott Kieffer | Geomechanics and Tunnelling

3D Geological Modeling and Grade Estimation for a Gold Deposit in Shandong Province, China

2025-06-01
Xiaoning Liu , Sara Kasmaeeyazdi , Francesco Tinti +1 more | Revista minelor
Abstract The rock salt deposit from Slănic Prahova was exploited starting in the 17th century up to +193m elevation, through the Old Mines, the Victoria Mine and the Cantacuzino Mine. … Abstract The rock salt deposit from Slănic Prahova was exploited starting in the 17th century up to +193m elevation, through the Old Mines, the Victoria Mine and the Cantacuzino Mine. In order to continue the mining activity at a production capacity of over 200 thousand tonnes per year, mining began under a 40 m-thick crown pillar, through horizons XIV and XV. The mining method used is with small rooms and square pillars, and the mining technology is by mechanized cutting with roadheader. The stability analysis of underground excavations and resistance structures (pillars and ceilings) was carried out by numerical modeling using the finite element method.

Development of a Web-Based 3D Visualization Tool That Can Be Used in Geoscience Studies

2025-06-01
Erkan Ülker , Alparslan Turanboy , İbrahim UYSAL +1 more | Revista minelor
Abstract 3D modelling is the process of creating and representing three-dimensional geometric models of objects. These models enable real-world objects to be transferred to the digital environment. 3D modelling is … Abstract 3D modelling is the process of creating and representing three-dimensional geometric models of objects. These models enable real-world objects to be transferred to the digital environment. 3D modelling is used in many fields such as architecture, engineering, game development, animation, film production, product design, data visualization and virtual reality. Data visualization makes data more natural for the human mind to understand and thus facilitates the identification of trends, patterns, and outliers within data sets. Therefore, it has a critical importance in the management and interpretation of data. 3D visualization studies are a necessary 3D presentation tool for the project design processes as well as the sales and marketing phase. The aim of this study is to develop an interactive web application to model and visualize the discontinuity network of a natural stone quarry in 3D using WebGL technology. The study includes technical developments in web- based 3D modelling, data visualization, interactive user interface, and data integration. Additionally, topics such as how to use WebGl technology for quarry modelling, data management, simulation techniques and user experience optimization are also focused on.

Virtual replication of sediment cores for geoarchaeological research in Uruk-Warka (Iraq)

2025-06-01
Max Haibt , Felix Reize , Helmut Brückner +2 more | ISPRS Open Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing