Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations

Asian Industrial and Economic Development

Works Count: 28599

Wikipedia

Description

This cluster of papers explores the evolution, challenges, and adaptations of the developmental state model in East Asia, particularly focusing on countries like South Korea and Taiwan. It delves into the role of industrial policy, globalization, and neoliberalism in shaping the economic development strategies of these states, highlighting the complex interplay between state intervention, institutional change, and political economy.

Keywords

Developmental State; East Asia; Industrial Policy; Globalization; Neoliberalism; Economic Development; South Korea; Institutional Change; Political Economy; State Intervention

Regime Shift: Comparative Dynamics of the Japanese Political Economy

2000-01-01

Junko Kato , T. J. Pempel

Industrial strategy and technological change

1986-06-01

Howard Pack , Larry E. Westphal

Crony capitalism: corruption and development in South Korea and the Philippines

2003-02-01

David C. Kang

List of figures List of tables Acknowledgements 1. The puzzle and the theory 2. Comparing Korea and the Philippines 3. Institutions: bureaucrats and rulers 4. Mutual Hostages in Korea 5. … List of figures List of tables Acknowledgements 1. The puzzle and the theory 2. Comparing Korea and the Philippines 3. Institutions: bureaucrats and rulers 4. Mutual Hostages in Korea 5. Bandwagon politics in the Philippines 6. Democracy in the 1980s and the financial crisis of 1997 7. Conclusion: corruption and development Index.

The developmental state

1999-01-01

Meredith Woo‐Cumings

Developmental state, n.: the government, motivated by desire for economic advancement, intervenes in industrial affairs. The notion of the developmental state has come under attack in recent years. Critics charge … Developmental state, n.: the government, motivated by desire for economic advancement, intervenes in industrial affairs. The notion of the developmental state has come under attack in recent years. Critics charge that Japan's success in putting this notion into practice has not been replicated elsewhere, that the concept threatens the purity of freemarket economics, and that its shortcomings have led to financial turmoil in Asia. In this informative and thought-provoking book, a team of distinguished scholars revisits this notion to assess its continuing utility and establish a common vocabulary for debates on these issues. Drawing on new political and economic theories and emphasizing recent events, the authors examine the East Asian experience to show how the developmental state involves a combination of political, bureaucratic, and moneyed influences that shape economic life in the region. Taking as its point of departure Chalmers Johnson's account of the Japanese developmental state, the book explores the interplay of forces that have determined the structure of opportunity in the region. The authors critically address the argument for centralized political involvement in industrial development (with a new contribution by Johnson), describe the historical impact of colonialism and the Cold War, consider new ideas in economics, and compare the experiences of East Asian countries with those of France, Brazil, Mexico, and India.

Imitation to Innovation: The Dynamics of Korea's Technological Learning

1997-12-01

Tony S. Frost

Product Development in the World Auto Industry

1987-01-01

Kim B. Clark , Wilson Chew , Takahiro Fujimoto +2 more

View PDF Chat

The Dynamics of Industrial Location: The Factory, the Firm and the Production System

2001-01-01

Sharmistha Bagchi‐Sen , Roger Hayter

Part 1: The Problem of Industrial Transformation Industrial Geography Manufacturing Change in Historical Perspective The Geography of Manufacturing. Part 2: The Location of Factories Location Conditions and Location Factors Factory … Part 1: The Problem of Industrial Transformation Industrial Geography Manufacturing Change in Historical Perspective The Geography of Manufacturing. Part 2: The Location of Factories Location Conditions and Location Factors Factory Location as a Cost Minimizing Exercise Factory Location as a Decision Making Process Factory Location as a Strategic (Bargaining) Process. Part 3: The Manufacturing Firm and its Geography The Size Distribution of Firms - Geographical Perspectives The Formation and Function of New (and Small) Firms Medium Size Firms, Big Firms Locally The Growth of Multi-National Firms Corporate Restructuring and Employment Flexibility. Part 4 Production Systems and Local Development Production Systems and Industrial Districts Core Firm-Based Production Systems and the Japanese Auto Industry Production Systems in Home and Host Economies Deindustrialized Districts - Restructured - and Rejuvenating? Industrial Transformation and Jobs - Contemporary Dilemmas.

Should Industrial Policy in Developing Countries Conform to Comparative Advantage or Defy it? A Debate Between Justin Lin and Ha‐Joon Chang

2009-08-06

Justin Yifu Lin , Ha‐Joon Chang

This is the first in an occasional series of DPR Debates , designed to illuminate specific issues of international development policy. Each debate will bring together two well‐known researchers or … This is the first in an occasional series of DPR Debates , designed to illuminate specific issues of international development policy. Each debate will bring together two well‐known researchers or practitioners, giving them the opportunity, over three rounds, to test and challenge each other's ideas. The debates are intended to be robust but accessible, rooted in rigorous research but useful to the wide readership of Development Policy Review .

Asia's Next Giant

1992-06-25

Alice H. Amsden

Abstract South Korea has been quietly growing into a major economic force that is even challenging some Japanese industries. This book examines South Korean economic growth as an example of … Abstract South Korea has been quietly growing into a major economic force that is even challenging some Japanese industries. This book examines South Korean economic growth as an example of “late industrialization,” a process in which a nation's industries learn from earlier innovator nations rather than innovate themselves. Discussing state intervention, shop‐floor management, and big business groups, the reasons are explored for South Korea's phenomenal growth, paying special attention to the principle of reciprocity in which the government imposes strict performance standards on those industries and companies that it aids. It is shown thereby how South Korea, Japan, and Taiwan were able to grow faster than other emerging nations such as Brazil, Turkey, India, and Mexico. The book is arranged in three main parts: Part 1 surveys South Korean history and the origins of state policies that led to the successes of its late industrialization; Part 2 examines the ways in which the South Korean management and workforce were transformed into major factors in the growth of its industry; and Part 3 discusses the creation of comparative advantage in several industries and the reasons why only one kept pace with expansion while the others drove it.

Predatory, developmental, and other apparatuses: A comparative political economy perspective on the Third World state

1989-12-01

Peter Evans

Disappointment over the contributions of Third World state apparatuses to industrial transformation and the increasing intellectual dominance of “neoutiliarian” paradigms in the social science has made if fashionable to castigate … Disappointment over the contributions of Third World state apparatuses to industrial transformation and the increasing intellectual dominance of “neoutiliarian” paradigms in the social science has made if fashionable to castigate the Third World state as “predatory” and “rent seeking.” This paper argues for a more differentiated view, one that connects differences in performance to differences in state structure. The “incoherent absolutist domination” of the “klepto-patrimonial” Zairian state are contrasted to the “embedded autonomy” of the East Asian developmental state. Then the internal structure and external ties of an intermediate state — Brazil — are analyzed in relation to both polar types. The comparative evidence suggests that the efficacy of the developmental state depends on a meritocratic bureaucracy with a strong sense of corporate identity and a dense set of institutionalized links to private elites.

Stages of development of industrial technology in a developing country: A model

1980-07-01

Linsu Kim

Embedded autonomy: states and industrial transformation

1995-11-01

Peter Evans

From the Publisher: In recent years, debate on the state's economic role has too often devolved into diatribes against intervention. Peter Evans questions such simplistic views, offering a new vision … From the Publisher: In recent years, debate on the state's economic role has too often devolved into diatribes against intervention. Peter Evans questions such simplistic views, offering a new vision of why state involvement works in some cases and produces disasters in others. To illustrate, he looks at how state agencies, local entrepreneurs, and transnational corporations shaped the emergence of computer industries in Brazil, India, and Korea during the seventies and eighties. Evans starts with the idea that states vary in the way they are organized and tied to society. In some nations, like Zaire, the state is predatory, ruthlessly extracting and providing nothing of value in return. In others, like Korea, it is developmental, promoting industrial transformation. In still others, like Brazil and India, it is in-between, sometimes helping, sometimes hindering. Evans's years of comparative research on the successes and failures of state involvement in the process of industrialization have here been crafted into a persuasive and entertaining work, which demonstrates that successful state action requires an understanding of its own limits, a realistic relationship to the global economy, and the combination of coherent internal organization and close links to society that Evans calls embedded autonomy.

From Brain Drain to Brain Circulation: Transnational Communities and Regional Upgrading in India and China

2005-06-01

AnnaLee Saxenian

Bringing politics back in: Towards a model of the developmental state

1995-02-01

Adrian Leftwich

The few cases of rapid economic growth in the Third World in the last 30 years have occurred in democratic, quasi‐democratic and non‐democratic polities. They are thus clearly not a … The few cases of rapid economic growth in the Third World in the last 30 years have occurred in democratic, quasi‐democratic and non‐democratic polities. They are thus clearly not a function of common regime type. I suggest that they are best explained by the special character of their states, understood 'as developmental states'. This article outlines some common characteristics of these states. However the forms and features of these states are not simply a function of their administrative structures or principles of governance, but of their politics. The article thus also underlines the importance of political analysis in both development theory and policy, from where it has been extruded for too long.

The Policy Process in the Modern Capitalist State

1985-01-01

James W. Perry , Christopher Ham , Michael Hill

Policy and policy analysis the role of the state bureaucracy and the state power and decision-making towards implementation theory? - the contributions of the study of organizations to the study … Policy and policy analysis the role of the state bureaucracy and the state power and decision-making towards implementation theory? - the contributions of the study of organizations to the study of the policy process bureaucrats in the policy process discretion in the policy process linking levels of analysis.

The Crisis of the National Spatio‐Temporal Fix and the Tendential Ecological Dominance of Globalizing Capitalism

2000-06-01

Bob Jessop

This article develops a heterodox, strategic‐relational approach to globalization. This is seen as a multi‐scalar, multi‐temporal, multi‐centric process, involving new forms of time‐space distantiation and compression. As such, it is … This article develops a heterodox, strategic‐relational approach to globalization. This is seen as a multi‐scalar, multi‐temporal, multi‐centric process, involving new forms of time‐space distantiation and compression. As such, it is just one face of a complex re‐scaling of social processes which can also be interpreted from other scalar viewpoints, such as localization, regionalization or triadization. Five interrelated issues are then addressed: (1) the structural and strategic dimensions of globalization seen in temporal as well as spatial terms; (2) the role of globalization, especially in its neoliberal form, in enhancing the ecological dominance of the capitalist economy, i.e. in enhancing the relative primacy of the capital relation in an emerging world society; (3) the significance of the global scale for capitalist reorganization and its links to other scales of activity ?? especially given the relativization of scale rooted in the erosion of the national spatio‐temporal fix associated with Atlantic Fordism; (4) the impact of the new scalar dynamics of globalizing capitalism on the relative primacy and forms of appearance of capital's inherent contradictions and dilemmas and the problems that this poses for a re‐regularization of capital accumulation on a global scale; and (5) the implications of globalization for the state and politics. Cet article développe une approche hétérodoxe stratégico‐relationnelle de la mondialisation. Celle‐ci est vue comme un processus à la fois multi‐scalaire, multi‐temporel et multi‐centré, impliquant de nouvelles formes de distanciation et de compression temps‐espace. Il ne s'agit là que d'un seul aspect d'une complexe remise à l'échelle de processus sociaux — qui peuvent Átre interprétés à partir d'autres perspectives scalaires, telles que localisation, régionalisation et triadisation. L'auteur s'attache ensuite à cinq points imbriqués: (1) les dimensions structurelles et stratégiques d'une mondialisation observée en termes de temps et d'espace; (2) le rôle de la mondialisation, notamment sous sa forme néolibérale, dans l'accentuation de la dominance écologique de l'économie capitaliste, autrement dit dans la progression de la prépondérance relative du lien au capital dans une société mondiale émergente; (3) l'importance de l'échelle mondiale dans la réorganisation capitaliste et ses rapports avec d'autres échelles d'activité— compte tenu notamment de la relativisation d'échelle enracinée dans l'érosion de la position spatio‐temporelle nationale associée au fordisme atlantique; (4) l'incidence des nouvelles dynamiques d'échelle du capitalisme mondialisateur sur la prédominance relative et les formes d'émergence des contradictions et dilemmes inhérents au capital, ainsi que les problàmes qui en découlent vis‐à‐vis d'une re‐régularisation de l'accumulation du capital à une échelle planétaire; et (5) les implications de la mondialisation pour lÉtat et la politique.

Race to the Swift: State and Finance in Korean Industrialization

1991-01-01

William Diebold , Jung-en Woo

PrefaceTheoretical ConsiderationsSoldiers, Bankers, and the Zaibatsu in Colonial Korea: Prologue to the FutureA Method to His Madness: The Political Economy of Import-Substitution Industrialization in Rhee's KoreaIn the East Asian Cauldron: … PrefaceTheoretical ConsiderationsSoldiers, Bankers, and the Zaibatsu in Colonial Korea: Prologue to the FutureA Method to His Madness: The Political Economy of Import-Substitution Industrialization in Rhee's KoreaIn the East Asian Cauldron: Korea Takes OffThe Search for Autonomy: The Big PushThe Political Economy of Korea, Inc.: The State, Finance, and the ChaebolSlouching Toward the Market: Financial Liberalization in the 1980sNotesBibliographyIndex

Business systems in East Asia: firms, markets and societies

1993-05-01

Richard Whitley

The Comparative Analysis of Business Systems East Asian Business Systems Differences Between East Asian Business Systems Institutional Influences on East Asian Business Systems I Pre-Industrial Japan, Korea and China Institutional … The Comparative Analysis of Business Systems East Asian Business Systems Differences Between East Asian Business Systems Institutional Influences on East Asian Business Systems I Pre-Industrial Japan, Korea and China Institutional Influences on East Asian Business Systems II Industrialization and Institutional Development The Effects of Institutional Environments on East Asian Business Systems East Asian and Western Business Systems Variety, Change and Internationalization of Business Systems

Keiretsu Networks and Corporate Performance in Japan

1996-02-01

James R. Lincoln , Michael L. Gerlach , Christina L. Ahmadjian

Les AA. presentent un certain nombre de donnees collectees au Japon entre 1965 et 1988 concernant les grandes entreprises de ce pays et etudient plus particulierement les keiretsu, un type … Les AA. presentent un certain nombre de donnees collectees au Japon entre 1965 et 1988 concernant les grandes entreprises de ce pays et etudient plus particulierement les keiretsu, un type de reseau qui unit de tres nombreuses entreprises japonaises aux six plus importantes : les trois plus grands groupes financiers et les trois plus grands groupes industriels. Ils montrent que ce type d'organisation joue un grand role dans l'economie du pays et examinent les liens de dependance financiers et commerciaux qu'il implique et les consequences que cela induit en ce qui concerne les performances des societes qui lui sont liees

The Political Economy of Industrial Policy

2014-09-12

Ha‐Joon Chang

Preface to the Paperback Edition - Acknowledgements - Introduction: The Search for New Patterns of Economic Management - Theories of State Intervention: A Literature Review - A New Institutional Theory … Preface to the Paperback Edition - Acknowledgements - Introduction: The Search for New Patterns of Economic Management - Theories of State Intervention: A Literature Review - A New Institutional Theory of State Intervention - The Political Economy of Industrial Policy - Industrial Policy in Action: The Case of Korea - Conclusion: The Market, the State, and Institutions - Bibliography - Index

View PDF Chat

Industrial Policy in an Export-Propelled Economy: Lessons from South Korea's Experience

1990-08-01

Larry E. Westphal

Korea provides an illuminating case of state intervention to promote economic development. Like many other third world governments, Korea's government has selectively intervened to affect the allocation of resources among … Korea provides an illuminating case of state intervention to promote economic development. Like many other third world governments, Korea's government has selectively intervened to affect the allocation of resources among industrial activities. It has used taxes and subsidies, credit rationing, various kinds of licensing, and the creation of public enterprises, for example. But these policies have been applied in the context of a radically different development strategy, one of export-led industrialization. Moreover, Korea's economy has experienced exceptionally rapid development with relatively equitable distribution of the gains. This paper argues that the government's selective industrial policies have contributed importantly to Korea's rapid achievement of international competitiveness in a number of industries. Though accepted by many knowledgeable observers, the conclusion is controversial—inherently so owing to insufficient historical information and lack of agreement about the required counterfactual.

View PDF Chat

Beyond Mass Production: The Japanese System and Its Transfer to the U.S.

1995-01-01

Michael Smitka , Martín Kenney , Richard Florida

During the 1980s and continuing into the 1990s, more than 1,000 Japanese firms established 'transplant' manufacturing operations in the US. Many of these have been in mature industries like steel … During the 1980s and continuing into the 1990s, more than 1,000 Japanese firms established 'transplant' manufacturing operations in the US. Many of these have been in mature industries like steel and automobiles, but many have also been in high technology industries as well. The success of these ventures is the result of the sweeping revolution in the organization of technology, work, and production that lies at the heart of the Japanese model of production. This book explores the rise of the Japanese model and provides a detailed examination of the processes which have brought about its transfer to the US. It presents new and original data on the extent of Japanese investment in both US heavy industry and high technology. It suggests that Japanese capitalism has developed a new world-class standard of production organization which is transferable and is in the process of being transferred to other advanced industrial nations.

The origins and development of the Northeast Asian political economy: industrial sectors, product cycles, and political consequences

1984-01-01

Bruce Cumings

Theories of the product cycle, hegemony, and the world system are used to analyze the creation and development of the Northeast Asian political economy in this century. Japan, South Korea, … Theories of the product cycle, hegemony, and the world system are used to analyze the creation and development of the Northeast Asian political economy in this century. Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan have each developed in a particular relationship with the others; the three taken together form a hierarchical, constantly interacting political-economic unit. During the period of colonial rule Japan was unique in building an imperial economic unit marked by a strong role for the state (whether in Tokyo or Taipei), by a tight, integral Unking of all three nations into a communications and transport network running toward the metropole, and by a strategy of both using the colonies for agricultural surpluses and then locating industries there. After 1945 a diffuse American hegemony replaced Japan's unilateral system, but elements of the prewar model have survived: strong states direct economic development in South Korea and Taiwan (here termed “bureaucratic-authoritarian industrializing regimes”); both countries are receptacles for Japan's declining industries; and both countries develop in tandem, if in competition, with each other. The most recent export-led competition has seen Taiwan succeed where South Korea has (temporarily?) failed, leaving Seoul in an export-led “trap,” burdened with rapidly increasing external debt. Taiwan, furthermore, has industrialized relatively free of social disruption, whereas Korean society resisted its transformation at Japanese hands and remains more rebellious today. There can be one Japan and one Taiwan, but not two or many of either, in the world economy.

The Silicon Valley-Hsinchu Connection: Technical Communities and Industrial Upgrading

2001-12-01

AnnaLee Saxenian , Jinn‐Yuh Hsu

Journal Article The Silicon Valley–Hsinchu Connection: Technical Communities and Industrial Upgrading Get access Annalee Saxenian, Annalee Saxenian Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Jinn‐Yuh … Journal Article The Silicon Valley–Hsinchu Connection: Technical Communities and Industrial Upgrading Get access Annalee Saxenian, Annalee Saxenian Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Jinn‐Yuh Hsu Jinn‐Yuh Hsu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Industrial and Corporate Change, Volume 10, Issue 4, 1 December 2001, Pages 893–920, https://doi.org/10.1093/icc/10.4.893 Published: 01 December 2001

View PDF Chat

Systemic Vulnerability and the Origins of Developmental States: Northeast and Southeast Asia in Comparative Perspective

2005-04-01

Richard F. Doner , Bryan K. Ritchie , Dan Slater

Scholars of development have learned a great deal about what economic institutions do, but much less about the origins of such arrangements. This article introduces and assesses a new political … Scholars of development have learned a great deal about what economic institutions do, but much less about the origins of such arrangements. This article introduces and assesses a new political explanation for the origins of "developmental states"—organizational complexes in which expert and coherent bureaucratic agencies collaborate with organized private sectors to spur national economic transformation. Conventional wisdom holds that developmental states in South Korea, Taiwan, and Singapore result from "state autonomy," especially from popular pressures. We argue that these states' impressive capacities actually emerged from the challenges of delivering side payments to restive popular sectors under conditions of extreme geopolitical insecurity and severe resource constraints. Such an interactive condition of "systemic vulnerability" never confronted ruling elites in Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, or Thailand—allowing them to uphold political coalitions, and hence to retain power, with much less ambitious state-building efforts.Authors listed alphabetically. We are grateful to the following for helpful comments: Cliff Carrubba, Eric Hershberg, Dave Kang, Stephan Haggard, Linda Lim, Greg Noble, Kristen Nordhaug, John Ravenhill, Eric Reinhardt, Dani Reiter, Tom Remington, Michael Ross, Randy Strahan, Judith Tendler, and two anonymous reviewers. Special thanks to David Waldner, whose book inspired this article and who graciously provided important insights.

Commodity Chains and Global Capitalism.

1995-05-01

Philip McMichael , Gary Gereffi , Miguel Korzeniewicz

Introduction: Global Commodity Chains by Gary Gereffi, Roberto P. Korzeniewicz, and Miguel Korzeniewicz Historical and Spatial Patterns of Commodity Chains in the World-System: Commodity Chains in the Capitalist World-Economy Prior … Introduction: Global Commodity Chains by Gary Gereffi, Roberto P. Korzeniewicz, and Miguel Korzeniewicz Historical and Spatial Patterns of Commodity Chains in the World-System: Commodity Chains in the Capitalist World-Economy Prior to 1800 Commodity Chains: Construction and Research by Terence K. Hopkins and Immanuel Wallerstein The Shipbuilding Commodity Chain, 1590-1790 by Eyup Ozveren The Grain Flour Commodity Chain, 1590-1790 by Sheila Pelizzon Conclusions About Commodity Chains by Terence K. Hopkins and Immanuel Wallerstein Competition, Time and Space in Industrial History by Erica Schoenberger The Global Distribution of Commodity Chains by Roberto P. Korzeniewicz and William Martin The Organization of Commodity Chains: The Organization of Buyer-Driven Global Commodity Chains: How U.S. Retailers Shape Overseas Production Networks by Gary Gereffi Where Is the Chain in Commodity Chains? The Service Sector Nexus by Eileen Rabach and Eun Mee Kim Institutionalizing Flexibility: A Comparative Analysis of Fordist and Post-Fordist Models of Third World Agro-Export Production by Laura T. Reynolds The Geography of Commodity Chains: The New Spatial Division of Labor and Commodity Chains in the Greater South China Economic Region by Xiangming Chen Commodity Chains and Industrial Restructuring in the Pacific Rim: Garment Trade and Manufacturing by Richard Appelbaum, David Smith, and Brad Christerson Strategic Reorientations of U.S. Apparel Firms by Ian M. Taplin Automobile Commodity Chains in the NICS: A Comparison of South Korea, Mexico and Brazil by Naeyoung Lee and Jeffrey Cason Consumption and Commodity Chains: Commodity Chains and Marketing Strategies: Nike and the Global Athletic Footwear Industry by Miguel Korzeniewicz Fresh Demand: The Consumption of Chilean Produce in the United States by Walter L. Goldfrank Commodity Chains and the Korean Automobile Industry by Hyung Kook Kim and Su-Hoon Lee Cocaine, Commodity Chains, and Drug Politics: A Transnational Approach by Suzanne Wilson and Marta Zambrano Bibliography Index

The ‘System’ of Automobility

2004-10-01

John Urry

This article is concerned with how to conceptualize and theorize the nature of the ‘car system’ that is a particularly key, if surprisingly neglected, element in ‘globalization’. The article deploys … This article is concerned with how to conceptualize and theorize the nature of the ‘car system’ that is a particularly key, if surprisingly neglected, element in ‘globalization’. The article deploys the notion of systems as self-reproducing or autopoietic. This notion is used to understand the origins of the 20th-century car system and especially how its awesome pattern of path dependency was established and exerted a particularly powerful and self-expanding pattern of domination across the globe. The article further considers whether and how the 20th-century car system may be transcended. It elaborates a number of small changes that are now occurring in various test sites, factories, ITC sites, cities and societies. The article briefly considers whether these small changes may in their contingent ordering end this current car system. The article assesses whether such a new system could emerge well before the end of this century, whether in other words some small changes now may produce the very large effect of a new post-car system that would have great implications for urban life, for mobility and for limiting projected climate change.

Innovation in East Asia: the challenge to Japan

1996-04-01

Trevor Taylor

Journal Article Innovation in East Asia: the challenge to Japan Get access Innovation in East Asia: the challenge to Japan. By Michael Hobday. Aldershot, Hants: Edward Elgar. 1995. 224pp. Index. … Journal Article Innovation in East Asia: the challenge to Japan Get access Innovation in East Asia: the challenge to Japan. By Michael Hobday. Aldershot, Hants: Edward Elgar. 1995. 224pp. Index. £45.00. ISBN 1 85898 017 8. Trevor Taylor Trevor Taylor 1Staffordshire University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Affairs, Volume 72, Issue 2, April 1996, Page 418, https://doi.org/10.2307/2624440 Published: 01 April 1996

MITI and the Japanese Miracle. The Growth of Industrial Policy, 1925-1975.

1983-01-01

Kent E. Calder , Chalmers Johnson

1. The Japanese 'miracle' 2. The economic bureaucracy 3. The rise of industrial policy 4. Economic general staff 5. From the ministry of munitions to MITI 6. The institutions of … 1. The Japanese 'miracle' 2. The economic bureaucracy 3. The rise of industrial policy 4. Economic general staff 5. From the ministry of munitions to MITI 6. The institutions of high-speed growth 7. Administrative guidance 8. Internationalization 9. A Japanese model? Appendixes Notes Bibliography Index.

MITI and the Japanese Miracle: The Growth of Industrial Policy, 1925-1975

1982-01-01

W. D. , Chalmers Johnson

Understanding Industrial Relations in Modern Japan

1988-01-01

Kazuo Koike

Asia's Next Giant: South Korea and Late Industrialization

1990-01-01

William Diebold , Alice H. Amsden

Korea's mode of industrialization Part I: The state and business: History and policies A history of backwardness The ABCs of Japanese and Korean accumulation The growth dynamic The spiraling of … Korea's mode of industrialization Part I: The state and business: History and policies A history of backwardness The ABCs of Japanese and Korean accumulation The growth dynamic The spiraling of market power Getting relative prices wrong: A summary Part II: Salaried management and human resources: The rise of salaried managers: Automobile manufacturing The paradox of unlimited labor and rising wages The boom in education Part III: The dynamics of dynamic comparative advantage: The switch in industrial leadership The world's largest shipbuilder The triumph of steel From learner to teacher

How Much Has Really Changed between U.S. Automakers and Their Suppliers

1991-01-01

Susan Helper

Asia's next giant: South Korea and late industrialization

1990-02-01

While much attention has been focused on Japan's meteoric rise as an economic power, South Korea has been quietly emerging as the next industrial giant to penetrate the world market. … While much attention has been focused on Japan's meteoric rise as an economic power, South Korea has been quietly emerging as the next industrial giant to penetrate the world market. South Korea is one of a series of countries (ranging from Taiwan, India, Brazil, and Turkey, to Mexico, and including Japan) to have succeeded through borrowing foreign technology rather than by generating new products or processes. Describing such countries as `late-industrializers,' Amsden demonstrates why South Korea has become the most successful of this group. Available in OSO: http://www.oxfordscholarship.com/oso/public/content/economicsfinance/0195076036/toc.html

The Great Disruption

2001-01-01

Clayton M. Christensen , Thomas D. Craig , Stuart L. Hart

The booming Japanese economy from the 1960s through the mid-1980s was one of the most thoroughly studied and admired phenomena of modern times. From steel to automobiles, consumer electronics to … The booming Japanese economy from the 1960s through the mid-1980s was one of the most thoroughly studied and admired phenomena of modern times. From steel to automobiles, consumer electronics to watches, Japanese companies easily overran the fortifications of their American and European competitors. Western scholars praised Tokyo's careful economic planning and the focus of Japan's keiretsu?massive, interlocked networks of companies such as Mitsui, Mitsubishi, Matsushita, and Sumitomo?on building long-term competitive advantages. Other analysts attributed Japan's economic momentum to its workers' selfless dedication to improving produc tivity and to the extraordinarily high savings rates of its consumers. Scholars cited the absence of similar factors in Europe and North America, meanwhile, to explain the stagnation afflicting those countries. In the United Kingdom, for example, the huge share of gnp taken up by government spending was seen as crippling economic growth because it crowded out private investment capital. The fortunes of these economies, of course, have now reversed. America has experienced the longest unbroken economic expansion in its history, and the United Kingdom has achieved levels of prosperity that few could have imagined 30 years ago. Japan, in contrast, has

The Political Economy of Industrial Policy

1995-07-01

Thomas A. Hemphill , Ha‐Joon Chang

Governing the market: economic theory and the role of government in East Asian industrialization

1991-05-01

Fools Rush in? The Institutional Context of Industry Creation

1994-10-01

Howard E. Aldrich , C. Marlene Fiol

Patterns of Industrial Bureaucracy

1954-06-01

Joseph M. Fallon , Alvin W. Gouldner

The Demography of Corporations and Industries

2000-12-31

Glenn R. Carroll , Michael T. Hannan

MITI and the Japanese Miracle

1982-06-01

Chalmers Johnson

The focus of this book is on the Japanese economic bureaucracy, particularly on the famous Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI), as the leading state actor in the economy. … The focus of this book is on the Japanese economic bureaucracy, particularly on the famous Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI), as the leading state actor in the economy. Although MITI was not the only important agent affecting the economy, nor was the state as a whole always predominant, I do not want to be overly modest about the importance of this subject. The particular speed, form, and consequences of Japanese economic growth are not intelligible without reference to the contributions of MITI. Collaboration between the state and big business has long been acknowledged as the defining characteristic of the Japanese economic system, but for too long the state's role in this collaboration has been either condemned as overweening or dismissed as merely supportive, without anyone's ever analyzing the matter. The history of MITI is central to the economic and political history of modern Japan. Equally important, however, the methods and achievements of the Japanese economic bureaucracy are central to the continuing debate between advocates of the communist-type command economies and advocates of the Western-type mixed market economies. The fully bureaucratized command economies misallocate resources and stifle initiative; in order to function at all, they must lock up their populations behind iron curtains or other more or less impermeable barriers. The mixed market economies struggle to find ways to intrude politically determined priorities into their market systems without catching a bad case of the "English disease" or being frustrated by the American-type legal sprawl. The Japanese, of course, do not have all the answers. But given the fact that virtually all solutions to any of the critical problems of the late twentieth century—energy supply, environmental protection, technological innovation, and so forth—involve an expansion of official bureaucracy, the particular Japanese priorities and procedures are instructive. At the very least they should forewarn a foreign observer that the Japanese achievements were not won without a price being paid.

The Political Economy of the New Asian Industrialism

2019-02-21

Frederic C. Deyo

THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF THE NEW ASIAN INDUSTRIAL ISM. Edited by Frederic C. Deyo. Ithaca (N.Y.): Cornell University Press, 1987, 252 pp. $29.95 (paper, $12.95). The authors of this volume … THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF THE NEW ASIAN INDUSTRIAL ISM. Edited by Frederic C. Deyo. Ithaca (N.Y.): Cornell University Press, 1987, 252 pp. $29.95 (paper, $12.95). The authors of this volume feel the need of a theoretical explanation for the remarkable economic performance of the newly industrializing coun tries of East Asia. They emerge from their inquiries?or at least the editor does?with the view that governments acquire a strategic capability to carry out effective development policies through a combination of domestic authoritarianism, good favorable links with the external world and efficient economic institutions. He hedges on Hong Kong.

Industrial Citizenship and Wage System: The Reform Potential of the Socially Coordinated Job-Based Pay in South Korea

2025-06-26

Myung-Joon Park | Korean Journal of Industrial Relations

Mobilisation theory and industrial action

2025-06-19

Gabriella Cioce | Edward Elgar Publishing eBooks

A ‘network power shift’ or up the value chain? Japan’s changing role in Asian political economy

2025-06-19

Olesya Emelyanova , Nikolay Murashkin | Asia Europe Journal

Collective Ma'louba (founded 2017)

2025-06-19

| Theater

The globalisation of Chinese actors and the transformation of the BRI into a domestic issue: Implications for global and domestic governance and for Japan

2025-06-18

Miwa Hirono | ANU Press eBooks

Mitigating the Individualistic Drift of I-Deals: Lessons from Japanese and Vietnamese Organizations

2025-06-16

Yasuhiro Hattoi , Huong Thi Thu Hoang , Nguyễn Thị Huế +2 more | Research Square (Research Square)

<title>Abstract</title> This study investigates how idiosyncratic deals (i-deals) may unintentionally promote workplace individualization, and how organizations can mitigate this effect. Drawing on qualitative data from four organizations in Asia, we … <title>Abstract</title> This study investigates how idiosyncratic deals (i-deals) may unintentionally promote workplace individualization, and how organizations can mitigate this effect. Drawing on qualitative data from four organizations in Asia, we explore how i-deals trigger entitlement among recipients and malicious envy among coworkers—both of which threaten cooperative norms and workplace cohesion. The findings reveal three organizational mechanisms that counter these effects: (1) institutional conditions (e.g., transparent evaluation, accessibility) help legitimize i-deals, (2) cancelling social comparisons reduces emotional tensions, and (3) ethical and relational framing reshapes how employees interpret the presence of i-deals. Building on a combined grounded theory and Gioia methodology, the study develops an integrative model that distinguishes between the cognitive, emotional, and interpretive functions of these mechanisms. Furthermore, it shows that procedural justice, while essential, can paradoxically reinforce status distinctions and psychological tension if not embedded within a relationally grounded narrative. We propose a three-tier model integrating legitimacy, emotion regulation, and moral framing to mitigate this drift. These findings contribute to the literature on i-deals, workplace justice, and employment individualization by identifying strategies that help organizations retain talent without eroding cooperation.

Re-Innovation Nation: The Political Economy of Technology Transfer Policy in Post-WTO China

2025-06-12

John Minnich | The Journal of Politics

An institutional framework for industrial policies

2025-06-03

| OECD science, technology and industry policy papers

Driverless Innovation from Hitachi

2025-06-01

The Reception of Armed Uprising Theory in Late Colonial Korea : the Case of Wonsan Red Labor Union Movement

2025-05-31

Ho HYUN Myung | Critical Review of History

There, the Women: Book Review of Chegongnyeo Yeondaegi 1931-2011 (Women in the Sky: Gender and Labor in the Making of Modern Korea) by Nam Hwasook and trans. by Nam Kwansook (Humanitas, 2024)

2025-05-31

Ilyeong Jeong | YEOKSA YEONGU The Journal of History

Bridging Historical Gaps and Engaging the Zeitgeist: Korea’s Cooperative Movement in Focus: Book Review of Hanguk Hyeopdongjoap Undong-ui Yeoksa-wa Sidaejeongsin (The History and Zeitgeist of the Korean Cooperative Movement) by O Mi Il (Sunin, 2025)

2025-05-31

Yi-kyung Kim | YEOKSA YEONGU The Journal of History

New economic statecraft and global technology conflicts: the dilemma for middle powers

2025-05-30

Vinod K. Aggarwal , Andrew W. Reddie | Business and Politics

Abstract Market-oriented theorizing fails to capture the reality of government intervention in the global economy. Trade and investment measures by governments around the globe, designed to protect strategic industries and … Abstract Market-oriented theorizing fails to capture the reality of government intervention in the global economy. Trade and investment measures by governments around the globe, designed to protect strategic industries and maintain a security of supply in the wake of a return to strategic competition, are emblematic of the need to shift our analysis of the global economy. We have labeled this phenomenon “new economic statecraft” and have invited this special issue to examine this phenomenon across countries and sectors of the global economy. Traditionally, economists have largely focused on efficiency gains and the reduction of transaction costs rather than considering the political and strategic aspects of trade and capital flows. This existing analysis fails to capture the reality that many governments are using economic levers to compete in “strategic” sectors of their economy through intervention at the border, behind the border, and beyond the border. To analyze these phenomena, this article and the associated special issue investigates five theorized drivers of state intervention in the global economy to explain when and how governments intervene in their markets. We also hope that this approach can help guide further empirical work on state-business relations and global political and economic competition.

Semiconductors and the Great Power Game: How Taiwan Finds Its Footing Amidst U.S.-China Tech Rivalry

2025-05-30

Shih-Kai Lin | Asian Journal of Social Science Studies

Taiwan's semiconductor industry has become a focal point in the escalating U.S.-China tech rivalry. At the center stands Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC), the world’s top contract chipmaker, strategically positioned … Taiwan's semiconductor industry has become a focal point in the escalating U.S.-China tech rivalry. At the center stands Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC), the world’s top contract chipmaker, strategically positioned amid global tensions. As the competition intensifies, Taiwan has emerged as a key player in the international semiconductor supply chain. To mitigate geopolitical risks, global firms are adopting diversification strategies such as “China + 1” and “Taiwan + 1,” reshaping the foundry and packaging landscape. TSMC’s business model reflects this interdependence, with major revenue from U.S. clients while maintaining links to China. This balance illustrates Taiwan’s careful navigation of geopolitical risks. Given the strategic value of semiconductors for both military and civilian applications, any conflict would be highly disruptive. In response, Taiwan has adopted a multifaceted strategy—strengthening international partnerships, fostering innovation, and engaging in policy dialogues—to safeguard its chip ecosystem and maintain supply chain stability. By maneuvering through these complexities, Taiwan seeks to sustain its technological edge and economic security. Growing global interest, such as Italy’s pursuit of chip partnerships, underscores Taiwan’s expanding role in the tech world. Taiwan’s semiconductor story encapsulates broader global tensions, illustrating how it balances economic goals with strategic necessity in an interconnected age.

Why Taiwan Matters

2025-05-29

Jemal Grdzelishvili | Vectors of Social Sciences

This article explores Taiwan's multifaceted significance on the global stage. Located at a strategic point in East Asia, the island serves as a critical geopolitical, economic, and technological hub. The … This article explores Taiwan's multifaceted significance on the global stage. Located at a strategic point in East Asia, the island serves as a critical geopolitical, economic, and technological hub. The study analyzes several key aspects of Taiwan's importance: First, its role in the global semiconductor supply chain, where it produces over 90% of the world’s advanced chips; Second, its strategic position in the “First Island Chain”, making it a pivotal factor in U.S.-China regional dynamics; and Third, its democratic system, which offers an alternative governance model amid the region’s predominant styles of government. The research also examines the “One China” policy and the tensions surrounding Taiwan’s status, which could potentially escalate into a global conflict. In conclusion, the article emphasizes that Taiwan’s future which will impact not only regional stability but also the global economy, technological innovation, and the international order. Keywords: China, Taiwan, Geopolitics, U.S.-China relations, East Asia.

Income inequality in the Fourth Industrial Revolution

2025-05-29

I. Strelets , Aleksandr D. ZAV’YALOV | Finance and Credit

Subject. The article is devoted to the analysis of the transformation of theoretical approaches to the concept of inequality and methods for its assessment. Objectives. The study aims to analyze … Subject. The article is devoted to the analysis of the transformation of theoretical approaches to the concept of inequality and methods for its assessment. Objectives. The study aims to analyze modern approaches to the concept of inequality, identify factors of its generation, establish the existence of a connection between the introduction of new technologies and the growth of inequality at the global level. Methods. The study rests on the content analysis of available sources, comparative analysis, and statistical data. Results. The analysis of works by S. Kuznets, T. Piketty, B. Milanovic, E. Atkinson and others enabled to identify modern approaches to inequality and factors that generate it, both at the international and national levels. We also considered the existing methods for measuring various forms of inequality, in particular, income inequality and inequality of opportunity, and identified the most demonstrative ones, depending on the situation and level of development of a particular country or region. The hypothesis about a connection between the introduction of new technologies and the dynamics of inequality was tested. It was found that in the adoption of technologies the leading countries have the largest income gaps among developed countries. Conclusions. The analysis of statistical data over the past five years has shown that the introduction of new technologies will not only reduce inequality, but increase it.

Manufacturing Revolutions: Industrial Policy and Industrialization in South Korea

2025-05-29

Nathaniel Lane | Research Square (Research Square)

<title>Abstract</title> I study the impact of industrial policies on industrial development by considering an important episode during the East Asian miracle: South Korea's heavy and chemical industry (HCI) drive, 1973--1979. … <title>Abstract</title> I study the impact of industrial policies on industrial development by considering an important episode during the East Asian miracle: South Korea's heavy and chemical industry (HCI) drive, 1973--1979. Based on newly assembled data, I use the introduction and termination of industrial policies to study their impacts during and after the intervention period. (1) I reveal that heavy-chemical industrial policies promoted the expansion and dynamic comparative advantage of directly targeted industries. (2) Using variation in exposure to policies through the input-output network, I demonstrate that the policy indirectly benefited downstream users of targeted intermediates. (3) The benefits of HCI persisted even after the policy ended, as some results were slower to appear. The findings suggest that the temporary drive shifted Korean manufacturing into more advanced markets and supported durable change. This study helps clarify the lessons drawn from the East Asian growth miracle. JEL Codes: L5, O14, O25, N6.

Manufacturing Revolutions: Industrial Policy and Industrialization in South Korea

2025-05-28

Nathaniel Lane | The Quarterly Journal of Economics

Abstract I study the impact of industrial policies on industrial development by considering an important episode during the East Asian miracle: South Korea’s heavy and chemical industry (HCI) drive, 1973–1979. … Abstract I study the impact of industrial policies on industrial development by considering an important episode during the East Asian miracle: South Korea’s heavy and chemical industry (HCI) drive, 1973–1979. Based on newly assembled data, I use the introduction and termination of industrial policies to study their impacts during and after the intervention period. (1) I reveal that heavy-chemical industrial policies promoted the expansion and dynamic comparative advantage of directly targeted industries. (2) Using variation in exposure to policies through the input-output network, I demonstrate that the policy indirectly benefited downstream users of targeted intermediates. (3) The benefits of HCI persisted even after the policy ended, as some results were slower to appear. The findings suggest that the temporary drive shifted Korean manufacturing into more advanced markets and supported durable change. This study helps clarify the lessons drawn from the East Asian growth miracle.

5. “Straw Hat Diplomats”: Taiwanese Agrarian Development and Africa, 1961–1971

2025-05-21

Beyond Post-Democracy: Precarious Labour in South Korea and the Legacies of Authoritarian Developmentalism

2025-05-14

Kevin Gray

The Contribution of TVET to Sustainable Development

2025-05-13

Raphael Mwasi Chola , Hoseah Kiplagat

This study reviews recent research to assess the role of Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) in fostering long-term growth, with a particular focus on its contribution to sustainable … This study reviews recent research to assess the role of Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) in fostering long-term growth, with a particular focus on its contribution to sustainable development through the promotion and access to skills, environmentally responsible practices, and inclusive economic opportunities. The study synthesizes findings from a wide range of current literature, using a qualitative methodology based on the work of several researchers in the subject. Through this study, the paper demonstrates that TVET plays an important role in fostering sustainable development by providing individuals with the skills needed to participate in and contribute to green economies. This not only helps to mitigate environmental issues, but it also promotes economic growth by developing a competent workforce. Furthermore, TVET has been found to considerably alleviate poverty by giving underprivileged groups, particularly those in developing nations, with access to skills training that improves employment and income generation. This directly contributes to poverty alleviation by allowing individuals to obtain the qualifications required for higher-paying, longer-term work. TVET also encourages diversity by providing training programs tailored to various populations, such as women and youth, ensuring that these groups are empowered and able to fully engage in economic and social growth. The article underlines the importance of TVET in fulfilling the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), notably those linked to excellent education, decent jobs, and economic growth. To maximize TVET's potential for contributing to sustainable development, the paper suggests that stronger coordination between governments, corporations, and TVET providers is required. Enhanced collaborations can promote a more integrated strategy, ensuring that training programs are responsive to labor market needs and sustainable development goals. Finally, the paper makes numerous recommendations for increasing the impact of TVET, such as improving curriculum design, expanding access to training, and boosting industrial relationships.

Mission-oriented innovation policy for transformative innovation in Japan: historical development and lessons from the case of automated driving

2025-05-13

Kazuhito Oyamada , Tateo Arimoto

China’s Japan Policy: Learning from the Past

2025-05-12

Arnab Dasgupta

Leveraging Coordination Capacity: Medical Resource Mobilization in Asia’s Developmental States During COVID-19

2025-05-08

Wei‐Ting Yen

Abstract The developmental states of Asia—South Korea, Taiwan, and Singapore—have been widely recognized for their successful COVID-19 governance. However, despite these successes, a closer examination reveals significant differences in their … Abstract The developmental states of Asia—South Korea, Taiwan, and Singapore—have been widely recognized for their successful COVID-19 governance. However, despite these successes, a closer examination reveals significant differences in their strategic responses and the medical resources mobilized. This article explains the different governance approaches taken by the three developmental states. We argue that the pre-crisis industrial coordination capacity of each developmental state plays a crucial role in determining both whether and which medical resources can be mobilized during emergencies. Through comparative case studies and within-case process tracing, we demonstrate how pre-established industry-level coordination capacities enabled Korea, Taiwan, and Singapore to strategically prioritize the production and mobilization of test kits, masks, and vaccines, respectively, especially in the initial phase of the pandemic. This article emphasizes that a country’s domestic production capacity, an often-overlooked institutional factor, can facilitate a more efficient response in a short period of time and significantly strengthen crisis management efforts.

Leveraging Social Networks and Political Skill: A Study on the Internationalization of SMEs in the Asian Context

2025-05-08

Muhammad Tariq Majeed , Fatima Bilal , Ayesha Iftikhar +2 more

This study investigates the role of SMEs’ owner-manager political skills in developing network resources that facilitate the internationalization process. Drawing on social network theory, we hypothesize that the political skill … This study investigates the role of SMEs’ owner-manager political skills in developing network resources that facilitate the internationalization process. Drawing on social network theory, we hypothesize that the political skill of SME owner-managers helps gain network resources, which in turn helps them internationalize their business. The data is collected via a self-administered questionnaire survey from owner-managers of exporting SMEs. The findings show that social network resources mediate between owner-manager political skills and SMEs’ Internationalization. Furthermore, we found empirical support for the notion that SME owner-manager’s political skill helps formulate network resources that advance business internationally. This study addresses two crucial yet unexplored questions in organizational behavior based on political skill and the internationalization literature. Firstly, it focuses on SME owner-manager political skills for SME internationalization and provides empirical support. Second, it also focuses on developing network resources by the SME’s owner-managers and empirically validates how network resources can help promote SME internationalization.

Deepfakes: Challenges to Intellectual Property Rights in South Korea

2025-05-07

Kyung–Suk Kim

Abstract Deepfake technology has rapidly evolved, enabling the seamless manipulation of facial expressions, voice tones, and lip movements, making it increasingly difficult to distinguish real from fake content. While deepfakes … Abstract Deepfake technology has rapidly evolved, enabling the seamless manipulation of facial expressions, voice tones, and lip movements, making it increasingly difficult to distinguish real from fake content. While deepfakes offer creative potential in entertainment, they also present significant challenges to intellectual property rights. This article explores the legal landscape of deepfakes in South Korea, focusing on copyright infringement, the right of publicity, and regulatory measures. It examines how deepfakes exploit copyrighted materials without authorization, raising concerns about unauthorized reproduction and derivative works. Additionally, the article discusses the misuse of deepfake technology for commercial gain and personal violations, such as deepfake pornography. South Korea has responded by enacting the AI Basic Act, inspired by international regulations, to mitigate these risks through transparency requirements and labeling obligations. The study highlights the urgent need for proactive legal frameworks and enforcement strategies to address the growing challenges posed by deepfakes.

Revisiting The Impact of WWII on Japan’s Political and Economic Transformation

2025-05-05

Farhana Akter Shoovra

World War II (1939–1945) was a turning point in modern Japanese history, profoundly shaping its political and economic trajectory. Defeated in 1945 and devastated by atomic bombings in Hiroshima and … World War II (1939–1945) was a turning point in modern Japanese history, profoundly shaping its political and economic trajectory. Defeated in 1945 and devastated by atomic bombings in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan entered a period of occupation under U.S. forces led by General Douglas MacArthur. This occupation dismantled Japan's imperialist ambitions and initiated a dramatic transformation in its political, social, and economic structures. This research looks at how Japan changed from an imperial monarchy to a democracy and how its economy modernized, leading to its explosive growth. This study uses a qualitative methodology and secondary sources, including scholarly journals, papers, and historical records, to divide the effects of Japan's post-war transition into two broad categories: political and economic. Politically, the 1947 Constitution, often called the "Pacifist Constitution," introduced democratic governance, renounced war, and ensured civil liberties. Feudal systems were abolished, land reforms were implemented, further modernizing society. Economically, Japan's transformation was driven by institutional reforms, American assistance, and state-directed industrial policies, fostering rapid industrialization and technological advancement. Adopting a mixed economic model, blending capitalist practices with strategic state intervention, catalyzed Japan's rise as a global economic powerhouse. Japan's post-WWII trajectory from devastation to a leading economic and political force underscores its resilience and adaptability, leaving an enduring imprint on its contemporary identity and role on the global stage.

A tale of two (un)Just Transitions: the end of the coal-fired power plants in Portugal

2025-05-05

Ricardo Moreira

Introduction. Korea’s Asian Spring

2025-05-04