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Engineering › Control and Systems Engineering

Embedded Systems and FPGA Design

Works Count: 37077

Description

This cluster of papers focuses on embedded systems, data acquisition, and control applications, including FPGA-based solutions, Internet of Things (IoT), remote monitoring, web servers, and real-time applications. It covers topics such as sensor networks, high-speed data transmission, and the development of systems for industrial parameters monitoring.

Keywords

Embedded Systems; Data Acquisition; FPGA; Internet of Things; Remote Monitoring; Web Server; Real-Time Applications; Sensor Network; High-Speed Data Transmission; Control System

Data Communications Computer Networks & OSI

1988-03-01
F. Halsall

Open source software and computer science education

2003-02-01
Keith J. O’Hara , Jennifer S. Kay
We investigate the role of open source software in computer science education. We begin with a brief tutorial on open source software including a description of four popular open source … We investigate the role of open source software in computer science education. We begin with a brief tutorial on open source software including a description of four popular open source licenses. Next we discuss the use of open source software in education. Finally, we focus on the use of open source software in computer science education.

Linux for Embedded and Real-Time Applications

2017-11-30
Doug Abbott

The design and implementation of the 4.3BSD UNIX operating system

1988-09-01
Armando P. Stettner

Artificial Neural Network based Web Application Firewall for SQL Injection

2010-04-23
Asaad Moosa

Process migration in DEMOS/MP

1983-10-10
Michael Powell , Barton P. Miller
Process migration has been added to the DEMOS/MP operating system. A process can be moved during its execution, and continue on another processor, with continuous access to all its resources. … Process migration has been added to the DEMOS/MP operating system. A process can be moved during its execution, and continue on another processor, with continuous access to all its resources. Messages are correctly delivered to the process's new location, and message paths are quickly updated to take advantage of the process's new location. No centralized algorithms are necessary to move a process. A number of characteristics of DEMOS/MP allowed process migration to be implemented efficiently and with no changes to system services. Among these characteristics are the uniform and location independent communication interface, and the fact that the kernel can participate in message send and receive operations in the same manner as a normal process.
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Effect of cluster set configurations on power clean technique

2012-11-05
Justin P. Hardee , Marcus M. Lawrence , Kevin A. Zwetsloot +3 more
The purpose of this investigation was to examine the effects of cluster set configurations on power clean technique. Ten male, recreational weightlifters performed three sets of six repetitions at 80% … The purpose of this investigation was to examine the effects of cluster set configurations on power clean technique. Ten male, recreational weightlifters performed three sets of six repetitions at 80% of one repetition max with 0 (P0), 20 (P20) or 40 seconds (P40) inter-repetition rest. During the first and second set of P0, the catch and first pull were in a more forward position during repetition 6 as compared to repetition 1, respectively. During the second set of P40, differences in horizontal displacement were found between repetitions 1 and 6 for the second pull and the loop. During the third set of P40, differences in horizontal displacement were found between repetitions 1 and 6 for the first pull, transition, and beginning of the second pull. No differences in horizontal displacement were found between repetitions 1 and 6 during P20. During each set of P0, vertical displacement decreased between repetitions 1 and 6 (1.02 ± 0.07 m vs. 0.94 ± 0.06 m; Mean ± s). Cluster set configurations led to the maintenance of vertical displacement throughout all sets. The results demonstrate cluster set configurations with greater than 20 seconds inter-repetition rest maintain weightlifting technique to a greater extent than a traditional set configuration.
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Compressing IP/UDP/RTP Headers for Low-Speed Serial Links

1999-02-01
S. Casner , Van Jacobson
This document describes a method for compressing the headers of IP/UDP/RTP datagrams to reduce overhead on low-speed serial links. In many cases, all three headers can be compressed to 2-4 … This document describes a method for compressing the headers of IP/UDP/RTP datagrams to reduce overhead on low-speed serial links. In many cases, all three headers can be compressed to 2-4 bytes.

Design of FPGA Based Instruction Fetch & Decode Module of 32-bit RISC (MIPS) Processor

2011-06-01
Rupali Balpande , Rashmi Keote
In this paper, we analyze MIPS instruction format instruction data path decoder module function and design theory based on RISC CPU instruction set. Furthermore, we design instruction fetch (IF) module … In this paper, we analyze MIPS instruction format instruction data path decoder module function and design theory based on RISC CPU instruction set. Furthermore, we design instruction fetch (IF) module of 32-bit CPU based on RISC CPU instruction set. Function of IF module mainly includes fetch instruction and latch module address arithmetic module check validity of instruction module synchronous control module. Through analysis of function and theory of RISC CPU instruction decoder module, we design instruction decoder (ID) module of 32-bit CPU by pipeline theory. The instruction decoder includes register file, write back data to register file, sign bit extend, relativity check, and it is simulated on QuartusII successfully. Static time sequence shows the instruction fetch & decode module completing required function.

LED brightness control for video display application

2008-05-21
Linas Svilainis

Design of integrated system for heterogeneous network query terminal

2009-10-09
Gao YU , Yong‐Sheng Chen , Yuchen Guo

Design method of CAN BUS network communication structure for electric vehicle

2010-10-01
Ran Li , Junfeng Wu , Haiying Wang +1 more
According to the communication structure of CAN BUS network on EV, this paper works out a SAE J1939 application layer protocol meet the system functional requirements, and designs the software … According to the communication structure of CAN BUS network on EV, this paper works out a SAE J1939 application layer protocol meet the system functional requirements, and designs the software and hardware for the system. First, design the CAN BUS work nod for EV, including the master node, the light node, air conditioning node, doors and instrument node, etc, and the draw the CAN BUS topology diagram. Meanwhile, according to the concrete situation of EV, work out an application layer protocol that consistent with the SAE J1939 protocol, and the information allocation table and message structure chart of CAN BUS network node is also presented. Secondly, design the hardware and software for the CAN BUS communication network. Hardware interface circuit mainly consist of CAN communication controller SJA1000, high-speed opt coupler 6N137 and CAN BUS driver 82C250, and design schematic circuit diagram for CAN bus system hardware. The software designs for CAN BUS network are mainly the design of CAN BUS data communication and exchange between nodes, and communication processing for switch-signal, analog signal. The design of software communication module includes CAN initialization unit, message sending unit, message receiving unit and the interrupt service unit. Finally, the CAN BUS network communication system the paper designed is applied to the new energy bus produced by CENS Energy-Tech Co., Ltd. which is dedicated in the Shanghai World Expo. From the battery voltage data collected when EV are running, we can see that the system is accurate, stable without number lost, frame dropping and transfer error in data communication. The design has practical value promoting the application of new energy vehicles.

Selecting and implementing an embedded database system

2000-09-01
Mark A. Olson
Although embedded systems share many characteristics with their desktop and server counterparts, the unique advantages, limitations, and requirements of the applications they run demand a careful selection process and tailored … Although embedded systems share many characteristics with their desktop and server counterparts, the unique advantages, limitations, and requirements of the applications they run demand a careful selection process and tailored implementation. The key strategy in choosing database tools for embedded systems is to focus on the application's requirements. Embedded database products vary widely from vendor to vendor. Some will do less than a particular application needs, some will do much more. By surveying the choices carefully, you can choose the tool that most closely matches your requirements. After choosing the operating system, hardware platform, and database software for a new embedded system, you must design a system that runs reliably with little or no human intervention. Unlike desktop and server systems, embedded systems cannot ask for operator help when the application encounters a problem. Finally, performance matters. Designing for performance up front, and evaluating it once you've built the application, is crucial. Fortunately, you can choose from a variety of techniques for evaluating and improving performance in database applications. To arrive at the best embedded-database-system solution, you must select the product that best matches your specific needs, then integrate that solution with your application. Start this process by evaluating which services your embedded application will provide.

Engineering Web technologies for embedded applications

1998-05-01
I.D. Agranat
The founder of Agranat Systems examines the design issues involved in engineering effective Web technologies for embedded systems. Small embedded TCP/IP stacks and Web server software now make it possible … The founder of Agranat Systems examines the design issues involved in engineering effective Web technologies for embedded systems. Small embedded TCP/IP stacks and Web server software now make it possible to manufacture reliable, inexpensive Web-enabled devices across many industries and markets. Embedded systems require Web servers that are designed to minimize memory footprint and avoid interference with mission-critical and real-time applications. To guarantee a reliable user interface with minimal impact on system performance, the server software should utilize the latest HTTP 1.1 standards from the Internet Engineering Task Force. It won't be long before intelligent devices worldwide will be nodes on a network and managed from Web browsers.

Research of Web Real-Time Communication Based on Web Socket

2012-01-01
Qigang Liu , Xiangyang Sun
Regarding the limitations of traditional web real-time communication solutions such as polling, long-polling, flash plug-in, propose that using new coming Web Socket technology in the web real-time communication field, introduce … Regarding the limitations of traditional web real-time communication solutions such as polling, long-polling, flash plug-in, propose that using new coming Web Socket technology in the web real-time communication field, introduce the features of Web Socket technology, analysis the difference between Web Socket protocol and HTTP protocol, offer an approach to implement the Web Socket both in client and server side, prove Web Socket can decrease network traffic and latency greatly by an experiment, made the prospect of future application of Web Socket in web real-time communication.
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Research of Architecture and Application of Internet of Things for Smart Grid

2012-08-01
Ling Zheng , Shuangbao Chen , Shuyue Xiang +1 more
According to the business characteristics and functional requirements of the smart grid information and communications technology platform, in this paper, we proposed layered architecture of Internet of Things for smart … According to the business characteristics and functional requirements of the smart grid information and communications technology platform, in this paper, we proposed layered architecture of Internet of Things for smart grid and four links of things of transmission of electricity, substation of electricity, distribution of electricity and usage of electricity, and compared it with the traditional electric power communication networks. As one of the most important part of the end of the Internet of Things, wireless sensor networks play an important role in the Internet of Things applications for smart grid. We put forward sensor networks application solution for the production processes of the smart grid. Meanwhile, at the base of interactive demand analysis, Internet of Things solution for smart usage of electricity was proposed.

A Low-Cost Stand-Alone Multichannel Data Acquisition, Monitoring, and Archival System With On-Chip Signal Preprocessing

2011-06-07
Mohammed Abdallah , Omar Elkeelany , A.T. Alouani
The objective of this paper is to design a new generation of affordable sophisticated data acquisition and processing (DAQP) systems. Because of the proposed system hardware reconfigurability, it can be … The objective of this paper is to design a new generation of affordable sophisticated data acquisition and processing (DAQP) systems. Because of the proposed system hardware reconfigurability, it can be used to meet the need of many real-world applications while keeping the cost of a device low. The hardware implementation of the different processing functions of the device allows for high-speed processing without the need of expensive general-purpose processors, as is the case of computer-based or microcontroller-based data acquisitions (DAQs). The target technology of implementing the proposed design is the system on chip via field-programmable gate array (SoC-FPGA). A four-channel DAQP was designed, developed, and tested in the Embedded Systems Design Laboratory, Tennessee Technological University, Cookeville. Various modules of the conceptual design are implemented and verified. Performance evaluation and cost comparisons are provided. The comparison showed that the results of the proposed instrument are comparable to existing technologies at a fraction of the cost.

Time-frequency analysis using NVIDIA compute unified device architecture (CUDA)

2009-06-14
Janusz S. Kulpa
The Digital Signal Processing (DSP) requires high computing power. Von Neuman architecture reaches it's limits. To meet the high requirement of DSP algorithms the parallel processing techniques are being used. … The Digital Signal Processing (DSP) requires high computing power. Von Neuman architecture reaches it's limits. To meet the high requirement of DSP algorithms the parallel processing techniques are being used. The paper presents an example of DSP application on NVIDIA graphic card using CUDA environment. The presented result shows the high effectiveness of multi-core graphical card in Digital Signal Processing. The processing time of the example spectrogram is reduced 10 times compared to Central Processing Unit (CPU) of the standard PC

Design and implementation of the Sun network filesystem

1988-12-01
Rebecca Sandberg , D. Golgberg , Steve Kleiman +2 more

The Design and Realization of fruit Harvesting Robot Based on IOT

2016-01-01
Biqing Li , Aizhen Zhou , Chongjun Yang +1 more
As the increasingly developing of computer intelligent industry with automation, intelligent robot has widely been used in various industries.Currently, most of domestic fruits are still picked by manual work.However, manual … As the increasingly developing of computer intelligent industry with automation, intelligent robot has widely been used in various industries.Currently, most of domestic fruits are still picked by manual work.However, manual picking method enhances the fruit farmer's financial costs due to the worker pay raises consistently, and the application of robot in agriculture industry is demanding.Therefore, the intelligent mobile robot picker is launched on the basis of machine visual technology, integrating the mobile carrier, robot arm, picker, traverse mechanism and intelligent module, which achieves the travel route programming of the robot picker, auto-judging the ripe fruit as well as positioning and recognition functions by binocular stereoscopic visual technology.
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An improved splash transport model

1985-08-07
Jean Poesen

Comparison of front-end frameworks for web applications development

2018-01-01
Marin Kaluža , Bernard Vukelić
Modern web applications, due to the functionalities they provide in their user interfaces, have a complex program structure. Manually writing a program code, due to the complexity of the entire … Modern web applications, due to the functionalities they provide in their user interfaces, have a complex program structure. Manually writing a program code, due to the complexity of the entire application, can result in uneven quality and content of individual application parts. Maintaining such developed applications is more difficult. Because of this, web applications are often developed by using different frameworks. A framework allows structuring, simpler and more uniform program script writing, and thus easier web application maintenance. There are various frameworks that can be used in the development of web applications, for different parts of the application. Those analyzed in this paper are used in the development of front end parts of web applications. According to their design, a web application can be developed as the Multi Page (MPA) or the Single Page (SPA). This paper explains the difference between MPA and SPA web applications. The advantages and disadvantages of MPA are demonstrated in relation to SPA web applications. Required characteristics that the framework should have in order to be optimized for creating MPA and SPA web applications are set. The hypothesis has been tested: There is a framework that is optimized for the development of both MPA and SPA applications. Possibilities, architecture and development techniques of a web application using front end frameworks, as well as the suitability of such frameworks for the development of MPA and SPA web applications have been analysed. Choosing a framework for the hypothesis testing has been performed based on the popularity of available frameworks. The required characteristics have been analyzed on the three most popular frameworks: Angular, Vue.js and React-js. It has been shown that the Vue.js framework is the most optimized framework for the development of both MPA and SPA applications.
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The Unicode standard, version 4.0

2003-01-01
Joan M. Aliprand

Design of testable logic circuits

1984-01-01
G.W.A.D.

Measuring and characterizing system behavior using kernel-level event logging

2000-06-18
Karim Yaghmour , Michel Dagenais
Analyzing the dynamic behavior and performance of complex software systems is diffcult. Currently available systems either analyze each process in isolation, only provide system level cumulative statistics, or provide a … Analyzing the dynamic behavior and performance of complex software systems is diffcult. Currently available systems either analyze each process in isolation, only provide system level cumulative statistics, or provide a fixed and limited number of process group related statistics. The Linux Trace Toolkit (LTT) introduced here provides a novel, modular, and extensible way of recording and analyzing complete system behavior. Because all significant system events are recorded, it is possible to analyze any desired subset of the running processes, and for instance distinguish between the time spent waiting for some relevant event (data from disk or another process) versus time spent waiting for some unrelated process to use up its time slice. Despite the extensive information gathered, experimental results show that the LTT time and memory overhead is minimal (< 2:5% when observing core kernel events). Moreover, due to the LTT and Linux kernel modularity and open source code availability, the system is easily extended both in terms of system events gathered, and of later post-processing and graphical presentation.

Embedded Linux System Design and Development

2005-12-21
Padma Raghavan , Amol Lad , Sriram Neelakandan
Based upon the authors' experience in designing and deploying an embedded Linux system with a variety of applications, Embedded Linux System Design and Development contains a full embedded Linux system … Based upon the authors' experience in designing and deploying an embedded Linux system with a variety of applications, Embedded Linux System Design and Development contains a full embedded Linux system development roadmap for systems architects and software programmers. Explaining the issues that arise out of the use of Linux in embedded systems, the book facilitates movement to embedded Linux from traditional real-time operating systems, and describes the system design model containing embedded Linux. This book delivers practical solutions for writing, debugging, and profiling applications and drivers in embedded Linux, and for understanding Linux BSP architecture. It enables you to understand: various drivers such as serial, I2C and USB gadgets; uClinux architecture and its programming model; and the embedded Linux graphics subsystem. The text also promotes learning of methods to reduce system boot time, optimize memory and storage, and find memory leaks and corruption in applications. This volume benefits IT managers in planning to choose an embedded Linux distribution and in creating a roadmap for OS transition. It also describes the application of the Linux licensing model in commercial products.
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ARCHITECTURE OF A HYPERCUBE SUPERCOMPUTER.

1986-01-01
John P. Hayes , Trevor Mudge , Quentin F. Stout

Implementation of Pulse Width Modulation Algorithms

2025-06-24
Dorin O. Neacșu | CRC Press eBooks

Design and Implementation of a Flexible Raindrop Sensor

2025-06-20
Houyuan Xiao , Mingyu Zhang , B. Li +3 more | Academic Journal of Science and Technology
At present, raindrop sensors are widely used in automotive automatic wiper systems, intelligent lighting systems and intelligent sunroof systems. Ability to detect rainwater in real-time and quickly start up other … At present, raindrop sensors are widely used in automotive automatic wiper systems, intelligent lighting systems and intelligent sunroof systems. Ability to detect rainwater in real-time and quickly start up other equipment. Different raindrop sensors have different characteristics and applications. Those who work outside are susceptible to environmental pollution and damage. Flexible electronic products can be freely bent, wound and folded, which perfectly adapts to various space layout needs. These products not only exhibit more flexible bending characteristics, but also have excellent shape adaptability and ductility. It can well deal with the problems of easy damage to the external raindrop sensor and space layout. In this project, the method of rapid production of circuits on the surface of polyimide by laser ablation method is used to draw the circuit diagram of the raindrop sensor, then the flexible material is soaked to make it ion exchanged, and then the laser engraving machine is used for laser ablation to form a circuit, and finally a flexible raindrop sensor is prepared. The results show that the prepared flexible raindrop sensor has the functions and characteristics of traditional raindrop sensor, and also has a certain degree of flexibility.

Accelerating Urban Traffic Management via FPGA-Based FSM Architecture

2025-06-16
Sarika Sai Bhanu | INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
Abstract This paper presents the design and implementation of a traffic controller system on a Digilent Basys 3 FPGA board using Verilog Hardware Description Language (HDL). The system manages traffic … Abstract This paper presents the design and implementation of a traffic controller system on a Digilent Basys 3 FPGA board using Verilog Hardware Description Language (HDL). The system manages traffic light sequences at a four-way intersection, employing a Moore finite state machine to ensure deterministic transitions between green, yellow, and red states for North-South and East-West roads. Pushbuttons simulate car detection sensors, while timers control light durations (30 s green, 5 s yel- low, 2 s red). Implemented on the Xilinx Artix-7 FPGA, the design leverages parallel processing for real-time control, offering advantages over microcontroller-based systems in speed and reconfig- urability [1, 2]. The system was synthesized and simulated using Xilinx Vivado 2022.1, achieving a maximum operating frequency of 100 MHz, 25% LUT utilization, and 0.45 W power consumption. Simulation waveforms confirm accurate state transitions and sensor responsiveness. Resource uti- lization, timing analysis, and power consumption metrics demonstrate the design’s efficiency, with 8320 LUTs and 5400 flip-flops used, supporting scalability for complex intersections [3, 4]. The proposed controller provides a cost-effective, scalable solution for urban traffic management, with potential applications in smart city infrastructure [5]. This work contributes to electronics engi- neering by showcasing FPGA-based digital design for practical control systems, highlighting low power consumption and high performance. Future enhancements include integrating real-time sen- sors and adaptive timing algorithms to optimize traffic flow [6]. The design’s reconfigurability makes it adaptable to diverse traffic scenarios, advancing digital electronics applications. Keywords: FPGA, Traffic Controller, Verilog HDL, Basys 3, Moore State Machine, Digital Design

A simulation tool for exploring pulse dynamics in connected strings with different densities

2025-06-13
L. Ladino , S H Rondón | Physics Education
Abstract This paper presents an interactive simulation tool designed to investigate the dynamics of a Gaussian pulse propagating along two connected strings with different linear densities. The simulation focuses on … Abstract This paper presents an interactive simulation tool designed to investigate the dynamics of a Gaussian pulse propagating along two connected strings with different linear densities. The simulation focuses on cases where the string ends are either fixed or free and allows for a detailed examination of the time-dependent behaviour of energy, momentum, and forces during wave transmission and reflection at boundaries. By enabling users to manipulate physical parameters and observe real-time results, the tool provides a pedagogically useful platform for studying wave mechanics. This approach supports physics education by helping students visualise and better understand conservation laws and wave behaviour in composite media—topics often underemphasised in introductory physics courses.

Raspberry-Pi Enabled Real Time Traffic Incident Detection

2025-06-09
| International Journal of Science and Engineering Applications

Underground Cable Fault Distance Locator

2025-05-21
Gaurav Ojha , Abhilash Guha Roy , Rahul Kumar Verma +1 more
In this paper, a method to detect the fault and the distance at which the fault has occurred is calculated. The fault location in the underground cable is a bit … In this paper, a method to detect the fault and the distance at which the fault has occurred is calculated. The fault location in the underground cable is a bit cumbersome process so to deal with such problem a method is given in this project. To determine the location of fault a series resistor is used and the voltage across this resistor is measured and then is sent to the microprocessor to calculate the distance at which the fault has occurred. This is a safe and cheap method for obtaining the fault location in an underground cable. This method also does not have a high power requirement and is portable too.

Multichannel FPGA-Based System for Data Acquisition and Monitoring with Network Control

2025-05-19
J. Horeb Stanish Josh
Traditional data collection systems based on microcontrollers have a hard time swiftly data acquiring and storing massive volumes of data. With their high clock rates, short delays, quick speeds, and … Traditional data collection systems based on microcontrollers have a hard time swiftly data acquiring and storing massive volumes of data. With their high clock rates, short delays, quick speeds, and abundance of RAM, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) make sophisticated peripheral circuit control straightforward. This paper presents a method for remotely monitoring server rooms using FPGAs and multimedia. A/D converter modules, environmental sensors, electrical energy, carbon monoxide, smoke, and an FPGA serve as the main controllers in the proposed system, which tracks server room locations. The FPGA also uses the serial interface to send data from all of the sensors to the LCD screen. When there are changes in the environment, alarms go off. Using butterfly operations and the rapid Fourier transform method; the system determines AC voltage and current and uses temperature changes to identify server room equipment issues. Functionality, usability, and reliability testing is conducted on the system. The fact that all performance measurements meet the basic design criteria demonstrates that FPGA technology may be used for monitoring. The superior processing speed and performance of FPGAs are shown when compared to conventional microcontroller systems.

Implementation of Real-Time Battery Monitoring System in Electric Vehicle

2025-05-15
Pushpa Selvi M
Abstract— Modern electronics, electric cars, and renewable energy sources all depend on batteries operating safely and efficiently. In order to monitor and control vital battery properties like voltage, current, temperature, … Abstract— Modern electronics, electric cars, and renewable energy sources all depend on batteries operating safely and efficiently. In order to monitor and control vital battery properties like voltage, current, temperature, and capacity, this project focusses on creating a Battery Management System (BMS) with an Arduino microcontroller. Battery Management System (BMS) is a key term. Overview One important development to guarantee the safe, effective, and dependable operation of EV batteries is the installation of a real-time battery monitoring system in EVs. Since batteries are an electric vehicle's principal energy source, preserving their condition and functionality is crucial to maximising the vehicle's longevity, safety, and range. To give precise and current information about the battery's condition, a real-time battery monitoring system continuously measures important parameters like voltage, current, temperature, state of charge (SOC), and state of health (SOH). The most popular electrical energy storage component used in EVs is the battery.

Smart Gate Monitoring System with Notification and Nameplate Display

2025-05-11
Mrs. Kanupriya , Sahil Neelam , Mukul +1 more
Abstract: This project focuses on the design and implementation of a Smart Gate Monitoring System that integrates real-time notification and nameplate display using advanced electronics and IoT technology. The primary … Abstract: This project focuses on the design and implementation of a Smart Gate Monitoring System that integrates real-time notification and nameplate display using advanced electronics and IoT technology. The primary objective is to enhance security and awareness by notifying the homeowner when a visitor lingers at the gate for 4-5 seconds. Additionally, a dynamic nameplate will display details like the owner's name, house members, and construction year. If no one is at home, the nameplate will indicate that the house is vacant. The proposed system combines PIR sensors, a camera module, an LCD/OLED display, a microcontroller (Arduino/Raspberry Pi), and IoT-based communication for real-time monitoring. This system enhances home security and adds a smart automation feature to residential properties. By integrating modern sensors and IoT platforms, it ensures a robust, real-time security mechanism. The effectiveness of the system makes it an ideal solution for contemporary security concerns in residential areas, ensuring not just security but also smart automation.

Design and Implementation of UART using Verilog HDL and FPGA

2025-05-09
Ms. Aruna Dore
Abstract - This study presents a hardware-based implementation of Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (UART) communication on the Nexys A7-100T Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) platform using Verilog HDL and Vivado … Abstract - This study presents a hardware-based implementation of Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (UART) communication on the Nexys A7-100T Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) platform using Verilog HDL and Vivado Design Suite. UART serves as a fundamental serial communication protocol, widely adopted due to its simplicity and effectiveness. The work details the design methodology, including clock division, baud rate generation, and serial data transmission, while demonstrating successful communication between FPGA and PC. Experimental results confirm reliable and low-power serial data exchange, making this implementation ideal for embedded and communication systems. Keywords UART, FPGA, Serial Communication, Verilog HDL, Nexys A7-100T, Vivado, VLSI, Clock Gating

A Comprehensive Data Monitoring and Logging System for Lithium-Ion Battery Packs in Agricultural Robotics

2025-05-09
Guido Soosaar , Tormi Lillerand
This paper presents the development and evaluation of a monitoring and data capture system designed to track critical parameters of a lithium-ion battery pack used in an agricultural robot. Agricultural … This paper presents the development and evaluation of a monitoring and data capture system designed to track critical parameters of a lithium-ion battery pack used in an agricultural robot. Agricultural robots rely heavily on battery performance to operate efficiently and reliably in the field. As a result, ensuring that the battery is well-managed and monitored can significantly improve the robot’s operating time, reduce downtime, and extend overall battery life. Given the growing emphasis on energy efficiency in modern agricultural practices, optimizing battery usage and storage plays a crucial role in reducing energy waste and improving sustainability. Our approach integrates both hardware and software elements to collect, store, and present key battery parameters. We utilize a Battery Management System (BMS) that communicates vital data such as voltage, current, temperature, and State of Charge (SoC) through a Controller Area Network (CAN) bus. A dedicated microcontroller reads and processes these signals, and then transfers them into a central database for long-term logging and analysis. This enables precise tracking of battery health and performance, ultimately supporting more energy-efficient robotic operations. To make this information accessible to users, we developed a clear and intuitive interface. Operators can view the data on a built-in display located directly on the robot, as well as remotely through a web-based interface and an API. This dual-access approach supports on-site monitoring during field operations, as well as remote diagnostics and decision-making. Such flexibility aids in timely maintenance, better charging strategies, and overall improved resource management – key factors in maximizing energy efficiency and minimizing unnecessary power consumption. Preliminary tests performed under realistic field conditions indicate that our system reliably captures and records the critical battery parameters. The data collected facilitates early detection of potential issues, preventing unexpected breakdowns and saving valuable time and costs. In future work, we plan to implement advanced analytics and machine learning algorithms to predict battery failures and optimize charging schedules. By providing a robust and accessible tool for battery management, this system contributes to more efficient, sustainable, and productive agricultural robotic operations while reinforcing the importance of energy storage and utilization in modern farming.

Design and Development of Automotive On-Board Diagnostic Protocol System

2025-05-05
Priti Dattaray Hagawane
Abstract- The increasing complexity of modern vehicles necessitates the use of multiple Electronics Control Units (ECUs) to manage and monitor various functions. Communication between these ECUs is facilitated by the … Abstract- The increasing complexity of modern vehicles necessitates the use of multiple Electronics Control Units (ECUs) to manage and monitor various functions. Communication between these ECUs is facilitated by the Controller Area Network (CAN) protocol, which handles the Physical and Data Link layers of the OSI model but lacks advanced diagnostic capabilities. To address this, standardized diagnostic protocols such as On-Board Diagnostics (OBD2) have been developed, providing a comprehensive framework for fault detection and in-vehicle communication. This paper presents the design and implementation of the OBD2 protocol on an embedded system using STM32F407 microcontrollers. The project aims to establish a diagnostic communication system between ECUs and Tester Tool. Primary function of this ECU is to measure ambient temperature and Throttle Position. ECU and Tester tools are connected via a CAN bus. The implementation leverages the ISO 15031 standard to ensure reliable and standardized diagnostic services. Keywords: On-Board Diagnostics (OBD2), ISO 15031, Electronic Control Unit (ECU), Body Control Module (BCM), Light Control Module (LCM), Controller Area Network (CAN), Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC), Routine Control Identifier (RID), Data Identifier (DID), ISO-TP (Transport Protocol)

Design and Analysis of Battery Management System for Electric Vehicles

2025-05-03
Kishor S. Dhore
Abstract— The capacity of a system for battery management (BMS) to evaluate the general condition of the battery pack is one of its most important features. The BMS monitors the … Abstract— The capacity of a system for battery management (BMS) to evaluate the general condition of the battery pack is one of its most important features. The BMS monitors the capacity of the weakest cell and the internal resistance of each cell. Based on these variables, it calculates a cell healthiness percent that ranges from 0% to 100%. A fault code is created and freeze frame data is kept for later examination if any cells or the entire pack fall below the predetermined criteria when this health data is assessed against them. Numerous functions on the BMS are designed to protect the battery pack. These systems use techniques to make sure the battery lasts longer and is ready to give full power when needed, in addition to continuously monitoring and safeguarding it. The BMS extends the life of the battery pack and improves its performance by carefully controlling cycles of charging and discharging, balancing cell voltages, and guarding against situations that could harm the battery. This guarantees dependable operation and maximum efficiency. Keywords— State on charge (SOC), simulation, electric vehicles, batteries management systems, and open circuit value (OCV).

Hardware Realization of Prototype of Impulse Voltage Generator

2025-05-03
Virendra Umale
ABSTRACT Marx turbines can produce high-voltage pulses using multiple, comparable tiers that operate at a fraction of the full output voltage Every Marx degree involves a high-voltage transfer and a … ABSTRACT Marx turbines can produce high-voltage pulses using multiple, comparable tiers that operate at a fraction of the full output voltage Every Marx degree involves a high-voltage transfer and a network-forming condenser or pulse. Without the use of a step-up transformer, which restricts the number of instances of pulse upward thrust and reduces tool performance. Marx turbines live tight, and these switches are typically spark gaps, resulting in low repetition charges. Developing cheap, durable, long-lived, high-voltage Marx mills which tend to pulse excessively repeated charges is facilitated by the introduction of compact, high voltage, high dv/dt, and rapid turn-on strong state switches. Trendy impulse waveforms can be used to test the electrical equipment's power because they share characteristics with lightning strikes. The most widely used and well-liked method for creating high voltage pulses is the Marx generator. For the duration of the ON time, a 555 timer produces pulses that cause the capacitors to rate in parallel. With the aid of MOSFETs, capacitors are added in series during the pulses ' OFF time. Lastly, the voltage is increased to roughly eleven times the supply voltage by a variety of capacitors used in the collection. The optimal output exceeded 4KV DC, for which the 400V input was used. KEYWORDS High voltage generation, Marx generator, and Over voltage trigger

Design and Implementation of FPGA controlled Nine Level Inverter

2025-04-28

LOW-COST DIGITAL DATA TRANSMISSION TECHNIQUE USING FM-RDS PROTOCOL FOR THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

2025-04-28
Ndangoh DamArantes , Michael EkondeSone | Signal & Image Processing An International Journal
Existing monitoring systems in developing countries are deficient in detecting diseases and other factors that adversely affect agricultural productivity. This paper presents a low-cost method of disseminating information to farmers … Existing monitoring systems in developing countries are deficient in detecting diseases and other factors that adversely affect agricultural productivity. This paper presents a low-cost method of disseminating information to farmers by transmitting digital data over an FM channel. The low-cost method is employed in a poultry pen where temperature variations are broadcasted using the radio-text field of the FM-RDS protocol. The system uses a FLIR Lepton 3.5 sensor embedded in a tCam-Mini Rev4 thermal camera to capture temperature values. The FM-RDS transmitter program reads the temperature file every 60 seconds and displays the temperature in the radio-text field of the RDS protocol on an FM station. Differential BPSK is applied to the output of the subband encoder to place the text file on the 57 kHz subcarrier on the FM spectrum. The SDR Touch app decodes the FM-RDS signal using a combination of hardware and software processing. Experimental results show that using the RDS protocol, temperature values could be reliably transmitted with 100% signal quality in a noise-free environment as shown on the advanced RDS features of the SDR Touch app. A signal quality of 95% or more is deemed adequate.

Battery Capacity Estimation with Kalman Filter for Battery Management System of Public Street Lighting

2025-04-25
Agus Ramelan , Insan Fadhil Maulana , Fakhri Muhammad Azzam +1 more
&lt;p&gt;This work aim to evaluate effectiveness of Kalman Filter in increase State of Charge (SoC) estimation on the system management battery For Street Lighting based on ESP32 microcontroller. SoC is … &lt;p&gt;This work aim to evaluate effectiveness of Kalman Filter in increase State of Charge (SoC) estimation on the system management battery For Street Lighting based on ESP32 microcontroller. SoC is a crucial parameter in determine level filling battery on time certain . In study Here , we use random data from the INA219 voltage and current sensor to simulate various condition operational . We do analysis to use of Kalman Filter on this data use evaluate improvement accuracy estimate SoC. Studies literature show that the Kalman Filter has succeed applied in various application For repair estimate system based on measurement data that is not perfect . Through modeling and simulation , we compare SoC estimation obtained from Kalman Filter with estimate direct from sensor data. Experimental results show that the Kalman Filter is significant reduce variation and increase accuracy battery SoC estimation , with average error not enough from 1.5%. Findings This support that use of Kalman Filter in system management PJU batteries have potential big For increased reliability operational and efficiency use energy . Research This give donation important in development monitoring and management technology more battery sophisticated and accurate For applications in the field.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

Remote Code Execution System

2025-04-22
Siddesh Welturkar
Abstract - “Remote Code Execution System for DSA” is an online platform designed to help users practice and enhance their Data Structures and Algorithms (DSA) skills through a secure and … Abstract - “Remote Code Execution System for DSA” is an online platform designed to help users practice and enhance their Data Structures and Algorithms (DSA) skills through a secure and efficient remote code execution environment. The system provides a seamless interface for solving coding problems, executing code in real time, and receiving instant feedback, making it an ideal tool for students, competitive programmers, and coding enthusiasts. The platform incorporates user authentication, ensuring secure access. Users can solve a wide range of DSA problems, covering topics like arrays, linked lists, trees, graphs, dynamic programming, and more. The system leverages a robust execution engine and in current version it does only supports one language (JavaScript) but in further updates we will add multiple programming languages, providing an optimized and isolated sandbox environment to prevent security vulnerabilities and unauthorized access. This study evaluates the platform's effectiveness through qualitative user feedback and quantitative metrics, including execution performance, problem-solving accuracy, and user engagement. The platform emerges as a powerful tool for mastering DSA concepts, offering a structured and interactive learning.

Versatile Monitoring and Display System Based on Hardware: Implementation and Results

2025-04-19
Anway Anup Lande
This paper presents the development and implementation of a Versatile Monitoring and Display System (VMDS) that utilizes MQ-135 and DHT22 sensors for real-time monitoring of air quality, temperature, and humidity. … This paper presents the development and implementation of a Versatile Monitoring and Display System (VMDS) that utilizes MQ-135 and DHT22 sensors for real-time monitoring of air quality, temperature, and humidity. The system is built around a microcontroller unit (MCU) and a display module to visualize the collected data. The hardware components, circuit connections, and real-time output results are discussed in detail. The results demonstrate the system’s capability to provide accurate environmental monitoring, making it suitable for smart homes, industrial safety, and environmental applications. Keywords: Monitoring system, hardware interface, real- time display, sensors, microcontroller, IoT integration

QR Based EV Bulk with Overcharge Protection and Prevention

2025-04-19
Antony Robinson J , M Athvani , Mohammed Irfan F +1 more
The increasing adoption of Electric Vehicles (EVs) has highlighted the need for efficient and safe charging systems. One of the major challenges in EV charging infrastructure is preventing overcharging, which … The increasing adoption of Electric Vehicles (EVs) has highlighted the need for efficient and safe charging systems. One of the major challenges in EV charging infrastructure is preventing overcharging, which is leads to battery degradation, reduced lifespan, and potential safety hazards. Therefore, this paper presents a Quick Response (QR)-based EV bulk charging system integrated with overcharge protection and prevention mechanisms. A solar panel, an ATmega 328 microcontroller, a Node MCU, a battery, Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), and an IoT device are some of the components of this work. The proposed system utilizes QR code technology for easy identification and access control of charging stations, enabling seamless user interaction. The data gathered by the device is sent to users using an IoT, and it is monitored by the BLYNK app. The data is uploaded to the BLYNK app cloud database via the Node MCU module embedded inside the microcontroller. It also integrates advanced QR based charging algorithms and real-time battery monitoring to protect against overcharging, ensuring that the EV's battery is charged efficiently, safely, and within its optimal capacity. This system prevents overcharging, the system incorporates a smart charging algorithm that monitors the battery's charging state in real-time.

Design of the Receiver Circuit for RS485 Interface Chips

2025-04-18
M.-C. Chang , Wei Tang | 4th International Conference on Information Science, Electrical, and Automation Engineering (ISEAE 2022)

Design and Implementation of Charging Pile Controller Based on Embedded Linux

2025-04-18
Zhenxian Liu , Dongyue Li , Xiaoyan Lin +3 more | 4th International Conference on Information Science, Electrical, and Automation Engineering (ISEAE 2022)

Design and Analysis of Battery Management System for Electric Vehicles

2025-04-15
Mr. Mohan Wasudeorao Raut
The capacity of a system for battery management (BMS) to evaluate the general condition of the battery pack is one of its most important features. The BMS monitors the capacity … The capacity of a system for battery management (BMS) to evaluate the general condition of the battery pack is one of its most important features. The BMS monitors the capacity of the weakest cell and the internal resistance of each cell. Based on these variables, it calculates a cell healthiness percent that ranges from 0% to 100%. A fault code is created and freeze frame data is kept for later examination if any cells or the entire pack fall below the predetermined criteria when this health data is assessed against them. Numerous functions on the BMS are designed to protect the battery pack. These systems use techniques to make sure the battery lasts longer and is ready to give full power when needed, in addition to continuously monitoring and safeguarding it. The BMS extends the life of the battery pack and improves its performance by carefully controlling cycles of charging and discharging, balancing cell voltages, and guarding against situations that could harm the battery. This guarantees dependable operation and maximum efficiency