Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

Healthcare and Environmental Waste Management

Works Count: 33169

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This cluster of papers focuses on the challenges, opportunities, and innovations for effective medical waste management during and post the COVID-19 pandemic. It addresses issues related to the minimization, disinfection, and proper disposal of medical waste, as well as the environmental and health impacts of inadequate waste management practices.

Keywords

COVID-19; medical waste; solid waste management; hospital waste; waste disposal; pandemic; healthcare waste; waste generation; disinfection technology; hazardous waste

Medical waste management – A review

2015-08-21

Elliott Steen Windfeld , Marianne Su‐Ling Brooks

Waste treatment and disposal

2002-10-01

Paul T. Williams

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Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

1950-01-01

C. W. Muehlberger , F. A. Patty

Municipal solid waste management in Indian cities – A review

2007-04-13

Mufeed Sharholy , Kafeel Ahmad , Gauhar Mahmood +1 more

Clinical solid waste management practices and its impact on human health and environment – A review

2010-12-25

Md. Sohrab Hossain , Amutha Santhanam , N.A. Nik Norulaini +1 more

Hazardous waste, impact on health and environment for development of better waste management strategies in future in India

2004-10-05

Virendra Misra , Satya Deo Pandey

Household solid waste characteristics and management in Chittagong, Bangladesh

2007-09-13

Mohammad Sujauddin , S. M. S. Huda , A.T.M. Rafiqul Hoque

Alternatives for treatment and disposal cost reduction of regulated medical wastes

2003-12-04

Byeong–Kyu Lee , Michael J. Ellenbecker , Rafael Moure-Ersaso

Health risk assessment of abandoned agricultural soils based on heavy metal contents in Hong Kong, the world's most populated city

2010-05-25

Yu Bon Man , Xiao Lin Sun , Yin Ge Zhao +5 more

Health-care waste management in India

2001-10-01

Amol Patil , Ashok V. Shekdar

Medical waste management in Korea

2005-12-10

Yong-Chul Jang , Cargro Lee , Oh-Sub Yoon +1 more

Environmental Health Criteria

1980-06-01

HEM Kay

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Medical wastes management in the south of Brazil

2004-05-15

C.E. Da Silva , Alessandro Eduardo Hoppe , Mariângela Ravanello +1 more

Safe management of wastes from health care activities

2001-02-01

William Townend

Safe management of wastes from health-care activities , Safe management of wastes from health-care activities , کتابخانه دیجیتال جندی شاپور اهواز Safe management of wastes from health-care activities , Safe management of wastes from health-care activities , کتابخانه دیجیتال جندی شاپور اهواز

TiO 2 -based photocatalytic disinfection of microbes in aqueous media: A review

2017-01-23

P. Venkata Laxma Reddy , Beluri Kavitha , Police Anil Kumar Reddy +1 more

Safe management of wastes from health-care activities

2014-01-01

Yves Chartier

Effects of Chemical Fertilizers and Pesticides on Human Health and Environment: A Review

2017-01-01

Nayana Sharma , Ritu Singhvi

In developing country like India, a marketable surplus of agriculture is the most important factor which influences the economic development of a country. To meet the demands of agriculture goods … In developing country like India, a marketable surplus of agriculture is the most important factor which influences the economic development of a country. To meet the demands of agriculture goods adequately and to feed the increasing population, the phenomenon of Green Revolution came into existence. Green Revolution, allowed developing countries like India to overcome continual food scarcity by producing more food and other agricultural products by using high-yielding varieties of seeds, modifying farm equipment, and substantially increasing use of chemical fertilizers. For an optimum production of agriculture produce and to feed the growing population, application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides has become necessary. Such type of agriculture practices allowed growth and sustainability of food grains but at the same time have the major impact on the environment and human health. This article provides a sketch of effects of chemical fertilizers and pesticides on human health and environment.

Waste Mismanagement in Developing Countries: A Review of Global Issues

2019-03-24

Navarro Ferronato , Vincenzo Torretta

Environmental contamination due to solid waste mismanagement is a global issue. Open dumping and open burning are the main implemented waste treatment and final disposal systems, mainly visible in low-income … Environmental contamination due to solid waste mismanagement is a global issue. Open dumping and open burning are the main implemented waste treatment and final disposal systems, mainly visible in low-income countries. This paper reviews the main impacts due to waste mismanagement in developing countries, focusing on environmental contamination and social issues. The activity of the informal sector in developing cities was also reviewed, focusing on the main health risks due to waste scavenging. Results reported that the environmental impacts are pervasive worldwide: marine litter, air, soil and water contamination, and the direct interaction of waste pickers with hazardous waste are the most important issues. Many reviews were published in the scientific literature about specific waste streams, in order to quantify its effect on the environment. This narrative literature review assessed global issues due to different waste fractions showing how several sources of pollution are affecting the environment, population health, and sustainable development. The results and case studies presented can be of reference for scholars and stakeholders for quantifying the comprehensive impacts and for planning integrated solid waste collection and treatment systems, for improving sustainability at a global level.

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Role of Industries in Water Scarcity and Its Adverse Effects on Environment and Human Health

2019-07-03

Pankaj Chowdhary , Ram Naresh Bharagava , Sandhya Mishra +1 more

Reverse Logistics Network Design for Effective Management of Medical Waste in Epidemic Outbreaks: Insights from the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Outbreak in Wuhan (China)

2020-03-09

Hao Yu , Xu Sun , Wei Deng Solvang +1 more

The outbreak of an epidemic disease may pose significant treats to human beings and may further lead to a global crisis. In order to control the spread of an epidemic, … The outbreak of an epidemic disease may pose significant treats to human beings and may further lead to a global crisis. In order to control the spread of an epidemic, the effective management of rapidly increased medical waste through establishing a temporary reverse logistics system is of vital importance. However, no research has been conducted with the focus on the design of an epidemic reverse logistics network for dealing with medical waste during epidemic outbreaks, which, if improperly treated, may accelerate disease spread and pose a significant risk for both medical staffs and patients. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel multi-objective multi-period mixed integer program for reverse logistics network design in epidemic outbreaks, which aims at determining the best locations of temporary facilities and the transportation strategies for effective management of the exponentially increased medical waste within a very short period. The application of the model is illustrated with a case study based on the outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China. Even though the uncertainty of the future COVID-19 spread tendency is very high at the time of this research, several general policy recommendations can still be obtained based on computational experiments and quantitative analyses. Among other insights, the results suggest installing temporary incinerators may be an effective solution for managing the tremendous increase of medical waste during the COVID-19 outbreak in Wuhan, but the location selection of these temporary incinerators is of significant importance. Due to the limitation on available data and knowledge at present stage, more real-world information are needed to assess the effectiveness of the current solution.

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Disinfection technology of hospital wastes and wastewater: Suggestions for disinfection strategy during coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in China

2020-04-24

Jiao Wang , Jin Shen , Dan Ye +7 more

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Minimising the present and future plastic waste, energy and environmental footprints related to COVID-19

2020-04-27

Jiří Jaromír Klemeš , Yee Van Fan , Raymond R. Tan +1 more

Improper solid waste management increases potential for COVID-19 spread in developing countries

2020-05-14

Christopher Nzediegwu , Scott X. Chang

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COVID-19 Pandemic Repercussions on the Use and Management of Plastics

2020-06-12

Joana C. Prata , Ana L. Patrício Silva , Tony R. ‎Walker +2 more

Plastics are essential in society as a widely available and inexpensive material. Mismanagement of personal protective equipment (PPE) during the COVID-19 pandemic, with a monthly estimated use of 129 billion … Plastics are essential in society as a widely available and inexpensive material. Mismanagement of personal protective equipment (PPE) during the COVID-19 pandemic, with a monthly estimated use of 129 billion face masks and 65 billion gloves globally, is resulting in widespread environmental contamination. This poses a risk to public health as waste is a vector for SARS-CoV-2 virus, which survives up to 3 days on plastics, and there are also broad impacts to ecosystems and organisms. Concerns over the role of reusable plastics as vectors for SARS-CoV-2 virus contributed to the reversal of bans on single-use plastics, highly supported by the plastic industry. While not underestimating the importance of plastics in the prevention of COVID-19 transmission, it is imperative not to undermine recent progress made in the sustainable use of plastics. There is a need to assess alternatives that allow reductions of PPE and reinforce awareness on the proper public use and disposal. Finally, assessment of contamination and impacts of plastics driven by the pandemic will be required once the outbreak ends.

Repercussions of COVID-19 pandemic on municipal solid waste management: Challenges and opportunities

2020-07-02

Bhargavi N. Kulkarni , V. Anantharama

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Challenges, opportunities, and innovations for effective solid waste management during and post COVID-19 pandemic

2020-07-15

Hari Bhakta Sharma , Kumar Raja Vanapalli , VR Shankar Cheela +5 more

Challenges and strategies for effective plastic waste management during and post COVID-19 pandemic

2020-08-04

Kumar Raja Vanapalli , Hari Bhakta Sharma , Ved Prakash Ranjan +4 more

Disinfection technology and strategies for COVID-19 hospital and bio-medical waste management

2020-08-11

Sadia Ilyas , Rajiv Ranjan Srivastava , Hyunjung Kim

Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on waste management

2020-08-26

Samuel Asumadu Sarkodie , Phebe Asantewaa Owusu

The containment of the spread of COVID-19 pandemic and limitations on commercial activities, mobility and manufacturing sector have significantly affected waste management. Waste management is critical to human development and … The containment of the spread of COVID-19 pandemic and limitations on commercial activities, mobility and manufacturing sector have significantly affected waste management. Waste management is critical to human development and health outcomes, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. The invaluable service provided by the waste management sector ensures that the unusual heaps of waste that poses health risks and escalate the spread of COVID-19 is avoided. In this study, we assess the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on waste management by observing lockdown and social distancing measures. We found that the quantity of waste increased across countries observing the social distancing measure of staying at home. The intensification of single-use products and panic buying have increased production and consumption, hence thwarting efforts towards reducing plastic pollution. However, several countries have thus far instituted policies to ensure sustainable management of waste while protecting the safety of waste handlers.

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Accumulation of plastic waste during COVID-19

2020-09-10

Tanveer M. Adyel

As lockdowns took effect to slow the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the global demand for petroleum collapsed. As a result, oil prices plummeted, making the manufacture of virgin … As lockdowns took effect to slow the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the global demand for petroleum collapsed. As a result, oil prices plummeted, making the manufacture of virgin plastics from fossil fuels less expensive than recycling (1). This cost incentive, along with lifestyle changes that increase plastic use, has complicated the challenge of overcoming plastic pollution.

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Face mask and medical waste disposal during the novel COVID-19 pandemic in Asia

2020-09-01

Sarawut Sangkham

The origin of the novel human coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) and its potential for harm increased face mask and medical waste in the environment, thereby necessitating the urgent prevention and control of … The origin of the novel human coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) and its potential for harm increased face mask and medical waste in the environment, thereby necessitating the urgent prevention and control of the pandemic. The article estimates the face mask and medical waste generation in Asia during the pandemic to convince the waste management and scientific communities to find ways to address the negative impact that the waste disposal has on the environment. Standardisation, procedures, guidelines and strict implementation of medical waste management related to COVID-19, community habitats and public areas should be carefully considered to reduce pandemic risks in hospitals, as proper medical waste disposal effectively controls infection sources.

Sustainable fuzzy multi-trip location-routing problem for medical waste management during the COVID-19 outbreak

2020-11-10

Erfan Babaee Tırkolaee , Parvin Abbasian , Gerhard‐Wilhelm Weber

An emerging source of plastic pollution: Environmental presence of plastic personal protective equipment (PPE) debris related to COVID-19 in a metropolitan city

2020-12-04

Justine Ammendolia , Jacquelyn Saturno , Amy Brooks +2 more

Plastics in the time of COVID-19 pandemic: Protector or polluter?

2020-12-10

Neha Parashar , Subrata Hait

The COVID-19 pandemic face mask waste: A blooming threat to the marine environment

2021-01-11

S. Selvakumar , Veeramuthu Ashokkumar , S Hariharan +4 more

Environmental challenges induced by extensive use of face masks during COVID-19: A review and potential solutions

2021-02-10

Kajanan Selvaranjan , Satheeskumar Navaratnam , Pathmanathan Rajeev +1 more

The ongoing COVID-19 disease significantly affects not only human health, it also affects the wealth of country' economy and everyday routine of human life. To control the spread of the … The ongoing COVID-19 disease significantly affects not only human health, it also affects the wealth of country' economy and everyday routine of human life. To control the spread of the virus, face mask is used as primary personal protective equipment (PPE). Thus, the production and usage of face masks significantly increase as the COVID-19 pandemic still escalating. Further, most of these masks contain plastics or other derivatives of plastics. Therefore, this extensive usage of face masks generates million tons of plastic wastes to the environments in a short span of time. This study aims to investigate the environmental impact induced by face mask wastes and sustainable solution to reduce this waste. An online survey was carried out to identify the types of face mask and number of masks used per week by an individual from 1033 people. Based on this survey and available literature, this study quantifies the amount of plastics waste generated by face masks. However, this survey was limited with certain ages, country and durations (July-August 2020). Thus, the prediction of plastic waste generation, only provide fundamental knowledge about the mask wastes. Results revealed that there is a huge plastic waste remained in land and marine environment in the form of mask waste, which will contribute to micro-plastic pollution. Therefore, this paper also highlights the sustainable approach to the mask production by integrating the use of natural plant fiber in the woven face mask technology to reduce the plastic waste induced by masks. Further, upcycling the mask waste and producing construction materials also discussed.

EFFECTS OF HEAVY METALS ON HUMAN HEALTHEFFECTS OF HEAVY METALS ON HUMAN HEALTH

2015-09-30

Manju Mahurpawar

Some heavy metals have bio-importance as trace elements but the biotoxic effects of many of them in human biochemistry are of great concern. Hence, there is a need for proper … Some heavy metals have bio-importance as trace elements but the biotoxic effects of many of them in human biochemistry are of great concern. Hence, there is a need for proper understanding of mechanism involved, such as the concentrations and oxidation states, which make them harmful. It is also important to know their sources, leaching processes, chemical conversions and their modes of deposition in polluting the environment, which essentially supports life. Literature sources point to the fact that these metals are released into the environment by both natural and anthropogenic means, especially mining and industrial activities, and automobile exhausts. They leach into the underground waters, moving along water pathways and eventually depositing in the aquifer, or are washed away by run-off into surface waters thereby resulting in water and subsequently soil pollution. Poisoning and toxicity in ecosystem occur frequently through exchange and co-ordination mechanisms. When ingested, they form stable biotoxic compounds, thereby mutilating their structures and hindering bioreactions of their functions. This paper reviews certain heavy metals and their impact and biotoxic effects on man.

Challenges and practices on waste management and disposal during COVID-19 pandemic

2021-02-08

Dwi Hantoko , Xiaodong Li , P. Agamuthu +3 more

COVID pollution: impact of COVID-19 pandemic on global plastic waste footprint

2021-02-01

Nsikak U. Benson , David E. Bassey , Palanisami Thavamani

Plastic products have played significant roles in protecting people during the COVID-19 pandemic. The widespread use of personal protective gear created a massive disruption in the supply chain and waste … Plastic products have played significant roles in protecting people during the COVID-19 pandemic. The widespread use of personal protective gear created a massive disruption in the supply chain and waste disposal system. Millions of discarded single-use plastics (masks, gloves, aprons, and bottles of sanitizers) have been added to the terrestrial environment and could cause a surge in plastics washing up the ocean coastlines and littering the seabed. This paper attempts to assess the environmental footprints of the global plastic wastes generated during COVID-19 and analyze the potential impacts associated with plastic pollution. The amount of plastic wastes generated worldwide since the outbreak is estimated at 1.6 million tonnes/day. We estimate that approximately 3.4 billion single-use facemasks/face shields are discarded daily as a result of COVID-19 pandemic, globally. Our comprehensive data analysis does indicate that COVID-19 will reverse the momentum of years-long global battle to reduce plastic waste pollution. As governments are looking to turbo-charge the economy by supporting businesses weather the pandemic, there is an opportunity to rebuild new industries that can innovate new reusable or non-plastic PPEs. The unanticipated occurrence of a pandemic of this scale has resulted in unmanageable levels of biomedical plastic wastes. This expert insight attempts to raise awareness for the adoption of dynamic waste management strategies targeted at reducing environmental contamination by plastics generated during the COVID-19 pandemic.

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COVID-19 pandemic and healthcare solid waste management strategy – A mini-review

2021-03-05

Atanu Kumar Das , Md. Nazrul Islam , Md Morsaline Billah +1 more

Healthcare waste comprises the waste generated by healthcare facilities, medical laboratories and biomedical research facilities. Improper treatment of this waste poses serious risks of disease transmission to waste pickers, waste … Healthcare waste comprises the waste generated by healthcare facilities, medical laboratories and biomedical research facilities. Improper treatment of this waste poses serious risks of disease transmission to waste pickers, waste workers, health workers, patients, and the community in general through exposure to infectious agents. Poor management of the waste emits harmful and deleterious contaminants into society. However, contamination of highly contagious agents such as the COVID-19 virus has created enormous instability in healthcare waste handling and subsequent recycling because of the volume of the waste generated and its contagious nature. Several countries have adopted safety measures to combat this contamination and manage healthcare waste; however, these measures are insufficient and vary depending on the context of the country. In addition, the WHO has set out guidelines for management of healthcare waste. These guidelines are helping to manage the highly contagious healthcare waste resulting from the current pandemic. Proper healthcare waste management may add value by reducing the spread of the COVID-19 virus and increasing the recyclability of materials instead of sending them to landfill. Disinfecting and sorting out healthcare waste facilitates sustainable management and allows their utilization for valuable purposes. This review discusses the different healthcare solid waste management strategies practiced in different countries, the challenges faced during this management, and the possible solutions for overcoming these challenges. It also provides useful insights into healthcare solid waste management scenarios during the COVID-19 pandemic and a possible way forward.

Circular economy approach in solid waste management system to achieve UN-SDGs: Solutions for post-COVID recovery

2021-08-12

Hari Bhakta Sharma , Kumar Raja Vanapalli , Biswajit Samal +3 more

Household solid waste management practices and perceptions among residents in the East Coast of Malaysia

2022-01-05

Widad Fadhullah , Nor Iffah Najwa Imran , Sharifah Norkhadijah Syed Ismail +2 more

Poor waste disposal practices hamper the progress towards an integrated solid waste management in households. Knowledge of current practices and perception of household solid waste management is necessary for accurate … Poor waste disposal practices hamper the progress towards an integrated solid waste management in households. Knowledge of current practices and perception of household solid waste management is necessary for accurate decision making in the move towards a more sustainable approach. This study investigates the household waste practices and perceptions about waste management in Panji, one of the sub-districts in Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia.

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Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

1964-01-01

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A systematic review on chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant

2022-03-01

Umi Haida Nadia Mohamed Jefri , Md. Abdullah Saeed Khan , Ya Chee Lim +7 more

The COVID-19 pandemic has tremendously increased the production and sales of disinfectants. This study aimed to systematically review and analyze the efficacy and safety of chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant. … The COVID-19 pandemic has tremendously increased the production and sales of disinfectants. This study aimed to systematically review and analyze the efficacy and safety of chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant. The literature relating to the use of chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant was systematically reviewed in January 2021 using databases such as PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. Inclusion criteria were studies that investigated the use of chlorine dioxide to assess the efficacy, safety, and impact of chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant. Out of the 33 included studies, 14 studies focused on the disinfectant efficacy of chlorine dioxide, 8 studies expounded on the safety and toxicity in humans and animals, and 15 studies discussed the impact, such as water treatment disinfection using chlorine dioxide. Chlorine dioxide is a safe and effective disinfectant, even at concentrations as low as 20 to 30 mg/L. Moreover, the efficacy of chlorine dioxide is mostly independent of pH. Chlorine dioxide can be effectively used to disinfect drinking water without much alteration of palatability and can also be used to destroy pathogenic microbes, including viruses, bacteria, and fungi from vegetables and fruits. Our review confirms that chlorine dioxide is effective against the resistant

Water Contamination by Heavy Metals and their Toxic Effect on Aquaculture and Human Health through Food Chain

2020-10-21

Swaroop S. Sonone , Swapnali Jadhav , Mahipal Singh Sankhla +1 more

Heavy metals are metals with relatively high density and toxic at very low concentrations. The common heavy metal pollutants can be traced everywhere in minimal quantities. Heavy metals contaminate aquatic … Heavy metals are metals with relatively high density and toxic at very low concentrations. The common heavy metal pollutants can be traced everywhere in minimal quantities. Heavy metals contaminate aquatic environments through various sources like industrial waste, domestic effluents, atmospheric sources, and other metal-based industries, E-Waste. Aquaculture is the rearing of aquatic animals and other organisms. Heavy metal toxicity is responsible for the degradation of the population of aquaculture, causing physical deformities in organisms and polluting the aquatic environment. These toxic heavy metals cause various diseases in fishes. As fishes are part of human consumption, it is indirectly affecting humans also. The food chain is greatly impacted by the introduction of heavy metals in water bodies & aquatic ecosystems. These heavy metals have greater significance on the environment as they persist for longer durations and have bioaccumulative capacities causing degradation of water health.

Plasmid incompatibility.

1987-01-01

Richard P. Novick

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Plasmid-Mediated Heavy Metal Resistances

1988-01-01

Simón Silver

Human coronavirus (HCoV) infection causes respiratory diseases with mild to severe outcomes. In the last 15 years, we have witnessed the emergence of two zoonotic, highly pathogenic HCoVs: severe acute … Human coronavirus (HCoV) infection causes respiratory diseases with mild to severe outcomes. In the last 15 years, we have witnessed the emergence of two zoonotic, highly pathogenic HCoVs: severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and ...Read More

Hospital Resilience in a Multi-Hazard Era: Water Security Planning in Northern Thailand

2025-06-25

Alan D. Ziegler , Kampanat Wangsan , Phadungpon Supinit +1 more | Urban Science

Hospitals require continuous access to water to sustain essential health services, especially when resources are taxed when drought conditions are compounded with other public health emergencies. In mid-2020, we conducted … Hospitals require continuous access to water to sustain essential health services, especially when resources are taxed when drought conditions are compounded with other public health emergencies. In mid-2020, we conducted a rapid assessment of 71 hospitals in northern Thailand to evaluate water use and resilience during the concurrent 2019–2020 drought and the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic in Thailand. While most hospitals reported adequate water availability, many depended on short-term measures such as shallow wells and improvised storage. Water use per bed often exceeded international benchmarks, reflecting broader usage patterns that extend beyond potable consumption. Community hospitals, in particular, reported more limited backup supply and planning capacity. Drawing on both our findings and international guidance, we propose the Hazard Management Model, involving a set of recommendations to strengthen hospital water resilience, including hazard-specific planning, protected infrastructure, emergency storage, and improved efficiency. These insights contribute to the growing body of work on climate-adaptive healthcare, particularly in resource-constrained settings facing intensifying multi-hazard risks.

[Unused medical disposables in the operating room: frequency, carbon footprint, and opportunities for sustainable healthcare].

2025-06-24

Lisa van Bodegraven , Remko M. van Eenennaam , Lisanne H. J. A. Kouwenberg +4 more | PubMed

This study quantifies and characterizes unused medical disposables in operating rooms to determine their carbon footprint and identify opportunities for sustainable improvements in healthcare. Observational study. The study was conducted … This study quantifies and characterizes unused medical disposables in operating rooms to determine their carbon footprint and identify opportunities for sustainable improvements in healthcare. Observational study. The study was conducted at Amsterdam University Medical Centre, a tertiary hospital with 44 operating rooms. Unused disposables from surgeries conducted during office hours were collected for two weeks. The number, weight and volume of the disposables were determined for each surgery. The carbon footprint was calculated based on data from a Life Cycle Assessment. 1785 unused disposables were identified from 187 surgeries, with a carbon footprint of 338 kg CO2-equivalents (kg CO2-eq) and weighing 60 kg. Gauze (37 kg CO2-eq) and surgical drapes (127 kg CO2-eq) were found to have the largest carbon footprints, with gauze contributing substantially due to their frequent waste (n = 527; weight = 3 kg) and drapes due to their weight (n = 154; weight = 15 kg). Unused disposables in operating rooms cause waste and a substantial carbon footprint.

Optimal Waste Management during the COVID-19 Pandemic

2025-06-24

José María Ponce‐Ortega , Rogelio Ochoa-Barragán , César Ramírez‐Márquez +2 more | CRC Press eBooks

A Cross-Sectional Study of Heavy Metal Presence and the Health Implications among Automobile Repairers at Benin City Metropolis, Nigeria

2025-06-23

Raymond I. Ozolua , Nzube Gabriella Chukwujindu , Ebuka Oritsela Obobo +4 more | Asian Journal of Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology

Background: Heavy metal exposure may manifest as neurological, dermal, immunological, cardiovascular, renal, hepatic, hematological, respiratory effects, and cancers. Automobile repairers are workers who are engaged in adjusting, repairing, and overhauling … Background: Heavy metal exposure may manifest as neurological, dermal, immunological, cardiovascular, renal, hepatic, hematological, respiratory effects, and cancers. Automobile repairers are workers who are engaged in adjusting, repairing, and overhauling automobiles. Entry of heavy metals and chemicals into the bodies of automobile repairers through the airways, the skin, and by accidental ingestion could be greatly reduced if they adhered to regulations and standard operating guidelines that require them to wear personal protective equipment while on duty. Purpose: Automobile repairers are a group of artisans who are routinely exposed to heavy metals and petroleum products. In many countries, workplace safety protocols are either not available or are not adhered to. The objective of this study was to evaluate the serum levels of some heavy metals, hematological indices, and some biochemical parameters of automobile repairers vis-à-vis the health implications. Methods: The study was conducted in August 2022 in Egor Local Government Area (LGA), which is one of the LGAs in Benin City metropolis, Edo State, Nigeria. A total of 45 automobile repairers, consisting of motor mechanics (27), panel beaters (7), automobile electricians (2), and spray painters (9) who consented and met the inclusion criteria, were selected from workshops within Benin City. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain their biodata. Hematological indices, serum concentrations of lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), arsenic (As), copper (Cu), electrolytes and urea, liver function enzymes, and lipids were estimated and compared with control data from similar studies. Results: All the respondents had at least primary education. The majority (71.7%) used protective gadgets. The serum levels of Pb, As, and Cu were significantly (P<0.0001) elevated, and 93.3% of the subjects had higher Pb levels above the normal range. Hemoglobin (P<0.0001), platelet (P<0.0003) and white blood cell count (P<0.0004) were all lower than control, although most subjects were within the normal range. Hematocrit, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, and granulocytes were not significantly different from control. The levels of Na+, K+, Cl-, HCO3-, urea, aspartate transaminase, globulin, total cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL-cholesterol were all significantly elevated. A larger proportion (66.7%) of the respondents had LDL-cholesterol levels above the upper limit. Conclusion: The elevated levels of the assayed heavy metals and the derangement of hematological, renal function parameters, and lipids indicate insidious processes that would adversely affect the health of the automobile repairers. The study points to the need for these workers to be more concerned about occupational safety.

A Pragmatic Approach to Streamlining Single-Use Plastics in Health Care

2025-06-23

Greene Jc , Maria W. Merritt , Ligia Paina +7 more | Annals of Internal Medicine

Incentivizing Source-Sorting of Domestic Waste in Coxs Bazar Municipality

2025-06-23

Prataoy Kabya Bhowmik , Munshi Sulaiman , Proloy Barua +2 more | AEA Randomized Controlled Trials

Incentivizing Source-Sorting of Domestic Waste in Coxs Bazar Municipality

2025-06-23

Prataoy Kabya Bhowmik , Munshi Sulaiman , Proloy Barua +2 more | AEA Randomized Controlled Trials

Understanding occupational health challenges in managing hospital solid waste in Zimbabwe: a critical review

2025-06-20

Steven Jerie , Timothy Vurayayi Mutekwa , Tapiwa Shabani +2 more | Deleted Journal

Motivos impulsionadores e estratégias para a continuidade do processo de doação de células-tronco hematopoiéticas: doadores cearenses

2025-06-20

Ana Maria Machado Borges , Fernando Luiz Affonso Fonseca | Revista Interagir

A doação de medula óssea envolve um processo que vai desde o cadastro até a confirmação do doador para dar prosseguimento ao transplante. Assim, os bancos de cadastros de doadores … A doação de medula óssea envolve um processo que vai desde o cadastro até a confirmação do doador para dar prosseguimento ao transplante. Assim, os bancos de cadastros de doadores precisam de doadores seguros para que o processo transcorra com sucesso. Este estudo procurou identificar os motivos impulsionadores para a realização do cadastro e da doação de medula óssea. Pesquisa de campo, desenvolvida com potenciais doadores de medula óssea do estado do Ceará, Brasil. Os dados foram coletados por meio virtual, por intermédio de um questionário com perguntas fechadas. A análise dos dados se deu por cálculo de frequência absoluta e relativa, média, mínimo, máximo e teste Qui-quadrado, utilizando-se o programa estatístico Stata versão 16.0. Os maiores impulsionadores para a realização do cadastro e doação de medula óssea são motivos, como desejo de salvar vidas, valores pessoais e para fazer a diferença. Ao realizar o cadastro para doação de medula óssea, os potenciais doadores foram impulsionados por motivos que tiveram associação significativa com o comprometimento positivo para a doação.

Optimizing Advanced Oxidative liquefaction of Municipal Solid Waste and Personal Protective Equipment of Medical Sector for Solid Reduction and Secondary Compounds Production

2025-06-20

Hamza Mumtaz , Szymon Sobek , Marcin Sajdak +2 more | Renewable Energy

Let Us Make Diabetes Care Greener

2025-06-20

Lutz Heinemann | Diabetes Care

Biomedical waste management: navigating the challenges to achieve the promise of sustainable development goal 3

2025-06-20

Varsha Prakash Shetty , Sadanand Dangari Akshay , Barani Devi Thilai +1 more | Waste Disposal & Sustainable Energy

Analysis of Generation and Composition of Domestic Solid Waste at the dr. R. Soedjono Regional General Hospital, East Lombok

2025-06-19

Ratu Safitri , Suripto Suripto , Lalu Muhammad Aby Dujana | JURNAL BIOLOGI TROPIS

The dr. R. Soedjono Regional General Hospital Selong East Lombok is a government-owned health service facility that has experienced an increase in accreditation status to a class B hospital. The … The dr. R. Soedjono Regional General Hospital Selong East Lombok is a government-owned health service facility that has experienced an increase in accreditation status to a class B hospital. The calculation of waste generation and waste sorting at the hospital has never been carried out so that the waste management team cannot determine a waste management strategy. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct research to analyze waste generation at the dr. R. Soedjono Regional General Hospital, East Lombok. A preliminary survey was conducted to determine the techniques and schedule for collecting waste data and waste producers. Waste data collection was carried out using the load count method every day for eight days. Data collection on the daily number of people producing waste was carried out through document searches. The waste producers in question include employees, medical personnel, patients and visitors. Data were analyzed descriptively to describe waste generation and its composition. The results show that the generation of domestic solid waste at the dr. R. Soedjono Regional General Hospital, East Lombok, which was observed every day for eight days was 0.3705 kg/person/day. Waste generation fluctuates every day of the week and the highest waste generation occurred on Sundays (holidays), where the number of people producing waste was dominated by patient visitors. Domestic solid waste in the hospital is dominated by plastic waste (36%), leftover food and leaves (31%), paper (15%) and other (11%). Others include diapers, sanitary napkins and bandages. Other waste components that were also found but with a much smaller weight percentage were wood, fabric or textile, metal and glass.

IMPACTOS DAS MUDANÇAS CLIMÁTICAS NO SETOR DE SAÚDE: uma visão sobre o SUS

2025-06-18

Eduardo Cabral da Silva , Sebastiana Alves Pequeno , Joselito Araújo Silva +1 more | Revista Sistemática

As mudanças climáticas impõem desafios crescentes ao Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), afetando diretamente a saúde física e mental da população brasileira. Eventos extremos como secas, inundações e ondas de … As mudanças climáticas impõem desafios crescentes ao Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), afetando diretamente a saúde física e mental da população brasileira. Eventos extremos como secas, inundações e ondas de calor aumentam a vulnerabilidade e o risco de doenças, sobrecarregando os serviços de saúde. Populações mais vulneráveis, como comunidades tradicionais e moradores de áreas de alta vulnerabilidade, sofrem os impactos de forma mais intensa, devido à falta de infraestrutura e acesso a serviços básicos. A saúde mental também é afetada, com aumento de casos de ansiedade e depressão. Para enfrentar esses desafios, é fundamental uma abordagem multissetorial, com investimentos em prevenção, promoção da saúde e participação social, visando construir um sistema de saúde mais resiliente e equitativo. O presente trabalho busca realizar uma abordagem dos impactos das mudanças climáticas no setor de saúde com foco principal do Sistema Único de Saúde, com objetivo de investigar os impactos das mudanças climáticas no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) no Brasil e propor estratégias de mitigação e adaptação para enfrentar esses desafios. O presente estudo se caracteriza como uma revisão sistemática integrativa que buscou fazer uma análise da temática com base em artigos atualizados. Os artigos pesquisados nas bibliotecas Periódicos Capes, BVS e Scielo por meio de strings de busca com os descritores devidamente cadastrados no banco de terminologia dos Descritores em Ciências da Saúde - DeCS. Os resultados apontam que a crescente demanda por serviços de saúde devido as mudanças climáticas sobrecarregam o SUS e exigem medidas ágeis do poder público para superar obstáculos. Nesse cenário, é crucial uma abordagem conjunta e integrada entre diferentes setores da sociedade. Medidas como o fortalecimento da atenção básica, investimentos em sistemas de alerta e promoção da saúde são essenciais. Além disso, a pesquisa e a participação da população são fundamentais para construir um sistema de saúde mais resiliente e capaz de atender às necessidades da população frente às mudanças climáticas.

Emissions in pharmaceutical distribution: A systematic literature review of accounting methodologies in supply chains

2025-06-18

Brett Ashworth , Martin Johannes du Plessis , Leila L. Goedhals-Gerber +1 more | Journal of Transport and Supply Chain Management

Background: The pressure to meet sustainability goals in the pharmaceutical industry has resulted in significant obstacles, one of which is accurately calculating greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions across the supply chain. … Background: The pressure to meet sustainability goals in the pharmaceutical industry has resulted in significant obstacles, one of which is accurately calculating greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions across the supply chain. Objectives: This systematic literature review (SLR) aims to identify the frameworks or methodological approaches for calculating logistics emissions in pharmaceutical supply chains (which includes software), as well as the available energy consumption values and emission intensity factors that are needed to calculate emissions. Method: This SLR follows the nine-step PRISMA 2020 protocol. Keywords were used to form three different search strings to search for frameworks, energy and emission factors. The review encompassed an analysis of a total of 33 documents. Results: The findings highlight that no standardised methodological approach is used to calculate the emissions of pharmaceutical distribution. Furthermore, no emission factors specific to pharmaceutical products and few benchmarked energy consumption values are available. Conclusion: The current lack of a standardised methodological approach within the pharmaceutical industry makes it challenging to quantify the emissions associated with the distribution of pharmaceutical products. Contribution: This SLR identifies the need for a standardised emission framework and associated emission intensity factors in the pharmaceutical industry. It shows that the distribution of pharmaceutical products produces substantial emissions. Shipping 1 kg of ARV pills from a manufacturer in India to a hospital in South Africa emits 0.88 kg CO2e, while shipping 1 kg of snake antivenom ampoules from a manufacturer in India to a hospital in South Africa emits 207.78 kg CO2e.

A Systematic Review of Health Care Waste Management Practices and their Impact on Environmental Performance in Developing Countries

2025-06-18

Farwa Nisar , Syedda Amina Rizvi | Review of Applied Management and Social Sciences

Health-care waste poses a significant threat to environmental sustainability and public health, necessitating effective waste management strategies. This study investigates the influence of Health Care Waste Management (HCWM) on Environmental … Health-care waste poses a significant threat to environmental sustainability and public health, necessitating effective waste management strategies. This study investigates the influence of Health Care Waste Management (HCWM) on Environmental Performance in Pakistan, with a specific focus on the role of employee knowledge in improving waste management practices. A systematic literature review was conducted using the PRISMA methodology, leading to the selection of 10 relevant studies. Through narrative synthesis and thematic analysis, the findings revealed that poor HCWM—such as inadequate segregation, weak regulatory enforcement, and improper disposal-contributes to severe environmental and health risks. Moreover, a lack of environmental knowledge among healthcare personnel often results in ineffective waste management systems. The study confirms a significant relationship between HCWM and environmental performance, highlighting that better staff understanding of HCWM leads to improved outcomes. However, the study is limited by its reliance on secondary data, a narrow scope, and the absence of quantitative analysis. Future research should adopt a longitudinal design with broader scope and include quantitative methods for more robust insights.

Research on the Current Status and Future Development Prospects of Medical Waste Disposal Technologies and Management in China

2025-06-17

Meng Cun , Kaiyue Wang , Shitong Yang +7 more | Sustainability

The ongoing improvement in healthcare standards and the frequent occurrence of epidemic outbreaks have led to a significant rise in medical waste (MW) generation, revealing weaknesses in China’s existing management … The ongoing improvement in healthcare standards and the frequent occurrence of epidemic outbreaks have led to a significant rise in medical waste (MW) generation, revealing weaknesses in China’s existing management system and disposal technologies for MW. This situation underscores the urgent need to reassess the effectiveness of MW management and disposal practices. This study analyzes China’s centralized MW disposal capacity, the distribution of facilities, the evolution and characteristics of disposal technologies, and the current policy framework. Challenges such as limited technological applicability, inadequate disposal capacity in rural and remote areas, and a lack of emergency disposal capabilities have been identified. Given the new challenges and complexities in the MW industry, two strategies are proposed, including comprehensive whole-process management and the integration of routine and emergency disposal. This research offers a systematic solution for MW disposal, aiming to improve management practices, enhance disposal efficiency, and strengthen emergency response capabilities.

Reducing Misclassification of Medical Waste: Nudging Stakeholders to Reduce Waste Misclassification in a Novel Simulated Operating Room Built Environment

2025-06-17

Jonathan J. Szeto , Hee-Jeong Kim , Chang Shen +3 more | Research Square (Research Square)

<title>Abstract</title> <bold>Background:</bold> The OR generates over 30% of a healthcare facility’s total waste, with more than 60% classified as regulated medical waste (RMW). Municipal waste (MW) is commonly incorrectly classified … <title>Abstract</title> <bold>Background:</bold> The OR generates over 30% of a healthcare facility’s total waste, with more than 60% classified as regulated medical waste (RMW). Municipal waste (MW) is commonly incorrectly classified as RMW, resulting in unnecessary costs and environmental burden. As such, this study aimed to determine if interventions that provide visual cues for waste classification and improve ergonomics in the operating room (OR) can improve waste sorting accuracy. <bold>Methods:</bold> In groups of two to four, participants were tasked with quickly solving tangram puzzles while periodically given simulated medical waste to dispose of into either a MW container or a RMW container. Groups first engaged in a control simulation, followed by an intervention simulation where educational signage and the novel adapted waste bin was placed in the OR. Sorting accuracy was assessed, and participants completed a post-participation survey. <bold>Results: </bold>The proportion of correctly classified waste increased between control (53%) and intervention (88%) conditions, p<0.01. Cost (n=21) and sustainability (n=20) were highly cited reasons why it might be important to correctly dispose of waste. Participants cited location of the containers (n=13), time issues or operating room stress (n=10), and confusion in waste classification (n=13) as barriers to accurate waste sorting. <bold>Conclusion: </bold>Participants had significant improvement in OR waste classification accuracy after the implementation of educational signage and a novel adapted bin system. These strategies can be employed to increase waste sorting accuracy in the OR or be used as an educational tool during trainings to improve staff understanding of proper waste disposal.

Impactos ambientais causados pela contaminação de mercúrio e a relação com os problemas de saúde na população ribeirinha da Amazônia: uma revisão integrativa

2025-06-17

Edi da Silva , Thiago Éric do Monte Borges , Domingas Machado da Silva +2 more | DELOS Desarrollo Local Sostenible

A contaminação ambiental por mercúrio representa uma das principais ameaças à saúde das populações ribeirinhas da Amazônia, sobretudo em regiões próximas a áreas de garimpo. Este artigo tem como objetivo … A contaminação ambiental por mercúrio representa uma das principais ameaças à saúde das populações ribeirinhas da Amazônia, sobretudo em regiões próximas a áreas de garimpo. Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar os impactos ambientais provocados pela presença do mercúrio (Hg) nos ecossistemas amazônicos e sua relação direta com os problemas de saúde enfrentados por comunidades tradicionalmente dependentes dos recursos naturais, como o pescado. A partir de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, foram selecionados estudos científicos publicados entre 2010 e 2024, que abordam os efeitos tóxicos do Hg, sobre o organismo humano e o meio ambiente. Os resultados evidenciam que a exposição contínua ao metal pesado está associada a alterações neurológicas e prejuízos ao desenvolvimento infantil, afetando de forma mais acentuada os povos tradicionais. Além disso, os estudos revisados apontam que fatores como isolamento geográfico, ausência de políticas públicas, precariedade no acesso à saúde, aumentam a vulnerabilidade dessas populações. Conclui-se que é urgente fortalecer ações intersetoriais que promovam justiça ambiental, monitoramento contínuo das comunidades afetadas. Este trabalho contribui para o debate sobre a urgência de políticas públicas que considerem as especificidades da Amazônia e garantam a proteção dos ecossistemas e da saúde humana frente aos riscos da exposição ao Hg.

Medical waste sorting machine development with IoT and YOLO model utilization

2025-06-17

Muhammad Hafizuddin Moktar , Hassan Mohamed , Sami Salama Hussen Hajjaj +1 more | Journal of Engineering and Applied Science

Abstract The Internet of Things (IoT) application has been seen across various sectors to improve management practices. In medical waste management post-pandemic, the integration of IoT and artificial intelligence (AI) … Abstract The Internet of Things (IoT) application has been seen across various sectors to improve management practices. In medical waste management post-pandemic, the integration of IoT and artificial intelligence (AI) has notably enhanced sorting methods. The increased medical waste has brought about significant environmental challenges, impacting community health, land, and ocean ecosystems. We aim to develop a medical waste sorting system integrated with the You Only Look Once model (YOLO) and IoT for monitoring purposes. We can observe how effective the YOLO model is in sorting applications. This work trained and compared YOLO models from YOLO v5 to YOLO v9. YOLO v8 outperformed, and we implemented it into the sorting system. The mechanical, software, and programming elements were combined to develop the sorting prototype. From the training results, YOLO v8 achieved 98% mean average precision (mAP), 0.958 and 0.963 precision and recall, respectively. Other than that, the sorting evaluation was done during the final testing, with 93.75% accuracy. Further results were explained in the paper. The developed sorting prototype detected, classified, and sorted the medical waste, including facemasks, gloves, syringes, and sharp waste, based on the YOLO model. Further development is essential to improve the system in many aspects. Therefore, this system can be implemented practically in actual medical waste management. This work is a move that aligns with the third Sustainable Development Goal, where we focused on an automated medical waste system, ensuring sustainable health and Good Health and Well-being (SDG3).

Occupational Health Effects of Chlorine Spraying in Healthcare Workers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Alternative Disinfectants and Application Methods

2025-06-16

Luca Fontana , Luca Stabile , Elisa Caracci +3 more | International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

Chlorine spraying was widely used during filovirus outbreaks, but concerns about occupational health risks led to a shift toward wiping. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the health risks associated … Chlorine spraying was widely used during filovirus outbreaks, but concerns about occupational health risks led to a shift toward wiping. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the health risks associated with exposure to disinfectants among healthcare workers (HCWs), with a specific focus on chlorine-based products and spraying compared to alternative disinfectants and general disinfection tasks (GDTs). PubMed, Embase, and Scopus were searched from inception to March 2025. Eligible studies included observational or experimental research on HCWs exposed to chemical disinfectants. Two reviewers independently screened studies, assessed the risk of bias using a validated occupational health tool, and evaluated evidence certainty with the GRADE approach. Meta-analyses used fixed- and random-effects models; heterogeneity was assessed with I2 statistics. Out of 7154 records, 29 studies were included. Most studies were cross-sectional with a high bias risk. Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated using non-exposed groups as reference. Significant associations with respiratory conditions were found for chlorine-based products (OR 1.71), glutaraldehyde (OR 1.44), spraying (OR 2.25), and GDTs (OR 2.20). Exposure to chlorine-based products, glutaraldehyde, spraying, and GDTs likely increases respiratory risk in HCWs, as supported by moderate-certainty evidence. These findings support prioritizing safer disinfectants and strengthening protective measures over banning specific application methods.

IDENTIFICAÇÃO DE RESÍDUOS DE AGROTÓXICOS EM TRABALHADORES RURAIS

2025-06-16

Julielle dos Santos Martins , Daniel dos Santos Almeida , Simone Paes Bastos +4 more | Aracê.

The significant increase in the use of pesticides, although it improves productivity, causes harm to the health of farmers exposed to various harmful substances. Thus, this research aimed to identify … The significant increase in the use of pesticides, although it improves productivity, causes harm to the health of farmers exposed to various harmful substances. Thus, this research aimed to identify and quantify pesticides and their respective metabolic products in the blood serum of conventional farmers. To carry out this proposal, blood material was collected and pesticide residues in the serum were analyzed. The main results achieved were that the presence of tebuconazole, diuron and their metabolic products, as well as beta-cyfluthrin and deltamethrin, was not detected in the blood serum samples collected. However, it is worth mentioning that the presence of toluene, ethylbenzene and p,o-xylene was detected in the blood serum of some of the farmers. It is concluded that the substances detected are considered toxic and carcinogenic, and are listed as probable items in the pesticide formulation.

Economic, Environmental, and Sociopolitical Aspects of Waste Incineration: A Scoping Review

2025-06-16

Peter Tait , Joe Salmona , Mahakaran Sandhu +3 more | Sustainability

Objective: To examine the economic, environmental, and sociopolitical aspects of waste-to-energy incineration (WtE-I) and to provide recommendations for the Australian context. Methods: A scoping review of the literature published from … Objective: To examine the economic, environmental, and sociopolitical aspects of waste-to-energy incineration (WtE-I) and to provide recommendations for the Australian context. Methods: A scoping review of the literature published from 2016 to 2024 was conducted, adhering to the PRISMA guidelines. Results: This review identifies WtE-I as a dual-purpose tool for energy production and waste management. However, its environmental profile is unclear, with potential significant environmental and health risks due to the emission of toxins and heavy metals and diminished air quality. The economic feasibility of WtE-I varies, with high initial costs and operational expenses offset by subsidies, revenue from energy, and material recovery. Public opposition to WtE-I is prevalent, driven by health concerns, and this raises important environmental justice issues, especially for marginalised communities. Conclusions: The present study provides economic, environmental, and sociopolitical recommendations against WtE-I. When compared to landfill, WtE-I demonstrates economic and environmental benefits. The transition to a circular economy with renewables-derived electricity attenuates the benefits of WtE-I. This, combined with grassroots opposition to WtE-I and its violations of social justice, renders future WtE-I projects unjustifiable. Public health practitioners need to promote primary waste reduction, recycling/composting, and other non-incinerator waste management practices in Australia.

Spatiotemporal Trend of Hazardous Waste Sites and Risks in Urban Jakarta, Indonesia

2025-06-16

Fatma Lestari , Zakianis Zakianis , Adonis Muzanni +5 more | Sustainability

Urban areas are characterized by growing populations and industrial and economic sectors. This leads to trends of increasing hazardous wastes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the trends … Urban areas are characterized by growing populations and industrial and economic sectors. This leads to trends of increasing hazardous wastes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the trends of hazardous waste risks in several districts in urban Jakarta for the years 2021 and 2022. The results confirmed that, from 2021 to 2022, there were increases in hazardous-waste-producing sites and particular sectors, and decreases in the amount of hazardous waste produced. From 2021 to 2022, the hazardous-waste-producing sectors increased by 55.96%, and the total hazardous waste amount across Jakarta decreased from 644,999.93 tons in 2021 to 521,036.75 tons in 2022. The hazardous-waste-producing sectors were mostly in North and East Jakarta, and there were trends of new hazardous-waste-producing sectors emerging in West and South Jakarta districts from 2021 to 2022. The hazardous-waste-producing sectors were dominated by the manufacturing sectors and emerging healthcare sector. From 2021 to 2022, the hazardous waste trends shifted from industrial to medicinal wastes, and the risks shifted from corrosive, explosive, and toxic to infectious risks. The risk levels of urban Jakarta based on hazardous waste risk scores fall into the medium levels. Based on the spatial statistical analyses, Moran’s I, and LISA, the hazardous waste sites and high amounts of waste in 2021 tended to be clustered in North, East, and West Jakarta, while in 2022, this cluster tended to be dispersed.

Bioaccumulation of Cadmium in Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus) from Kangimi Dam and the national water resources institute, Kaduna, Nigeria

2025-06-16

Abdinasir Abubakar , Abdullahi Abubakar Mas’ud , Umar Muktar Muktar +2 more | World Scientific Research

The bioaccumulation of cadmium (Cd) in Tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus) was evaluated between September and October 2024 in Kaduna Metropolis, Nigeria. Fish samples were collected from Kangimi Dam and the … The bioaccumulation of cadmium (Cd) in Tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus) was evaluated between September and October 2024 in Kaduna Metropolis, Nigeria. Fish samples were collected from Kangimi Dam and the National Water Resources Fish Ponds, and cadmium concentrations in the gills, kidneys, and livers were investigated using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy–High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (AAS-HPLC). ANOVA was used to determine mean concentrations. In Kangimi Dam fish, cadmium levels were 0.045±0.011 mg/kg (gills), 0.056±0.006 mg/kg (liver), and 0.055±0.012 mg/kg (kidneys). In contrast fish from the National Water Resources Fish Ponds, concentrations were higher: 0.098±0.004 mg/kg, 0.107±0.001 mg/kg, and 0.097±0.006 mg/kg, respectively. The liver showed the highest accumulation, though differences across organs were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Cadmium concentrations remained within the WHO/FAO permissible limit (0.05 mg/kg), suggesting no significant health risk. Further studies on other heavy metals and their bioaccumulation factors in the study area are recommended.

Improving Critical Care Nurses’ Waste Management Standards: A Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, and Risk Perception Study

2025-06-16

Shimmaa Mohamed Elsayed , Sameer A. Alkubati , Basma Salameh +7 more | Hospital Topics

Hospital waste has the potential to contain dangerous microorganisms. Potentially harmful bacteria found in hospital waste can cause infections in the public, healthcare personnel, and workers. The study aimed to … Hospital waste has the potential to contain dangerous microorganisms. Potentially harmful bacteria found in hospital waste can cause infections in the public, healthcare personnel, and workers. The study aimed to determine waste management knowledge, attitudes, and practice and their relationship with risk perception among critical care nurses. A cross-sectional study was used. Data was collected using self-reported questionnaires to measure nurses' knowledge, attitude, practice, and risk perception toward waste management. The study was conducted in intensive care units at two major hospitals in the Alberehria government in Egypt. A total of 300 nurses were recruited. The risk perception measure revealed a slight positive association with nurses' practice and attitude, but a strong positive correlation with their knowledge. Furthermore, over two-thirds of the nurses scored moderate practice for waste management, and over half showed strong knowledge of waste management. The results suggest that factors such as level of education, gender, type of working units, experience years, and the number of working hours may influence waste management knowledge, attitudes, practice, and risk perception among nurses.

Environmental and Health Risks Associated with Biomedical Waste: A Case of University Teaching Hospital of Butare, Huye, Rwanda

2025-06-15

Jean Damascene Buregeya , Ephrem Sibomana | Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics

This study investigated the environmental and health risks associated with biomedical waste in CHUB, Huye District, Rwanda. In the majority of countries across the world, the preservation of the environment … This study investigated the environmental and health risks associated with biomedical waste in CHUB, Huye District, Rwanda. In the majority of countries across the world, the preservation of the environment and public health depends on the proper biomedical waste collection and disposal. It has been reported that the management of biomedical wastes results in needless deaths of individuals each year. The study had four objectives: (1) To assess the biomedical waste generation and disposal practices across all departments at CHUB;(2) To investigate the implementation and enforcement of biomedical waste management regulations ;(3) To assess the risks related to biomedical waste to humans and the environment.; and (4) To find out the level of knowledge among healthcare workers on biomedical waste management. With a cross-sectional study design survey and observation methods, data were collected from clinical service of inpatient departments, and the study population was 196 health workers. The WHO rapid assessment tool for waste management and water sanitation was adapted and used. The results of this study showed a great amount of biomedical waste are well segregated (92%), and color coding is respected during biomedical wastes collection and disposal (100%) but a significant part of biomedical liquid wastes are disposed of directly to hand-wash sink water evacuation (14%). Significant cases of needle stick injuries were also observed (21%) and internal regulations and protocols on biomedical waste management are available in most clinical services. The study recommends that regular training of health professionals in biomedical waste management, including transport and disposal essentials, connect remaining clinical departments to the specialized pit dedicated to biomedical liquid wastes to avoid any risk of direct contamination or environmental contamination; and documentation on the type of biomedical waste generated in all clinical services is an important point to be improved. Keywords: Biomedical wastes, Environmental risk, Waste segregation, Color-coding System, Infection Prevention Control, Environmental risks, University Teaching Hospital of Butare

Impactos ambientales por residuos sólidos generados durante la pandemia de COVID-19 y alternativas de solución

2025-06-15

L Ortiz , Carolina Peña-Montes , Manuel Alejandro Lizardi‐Jiménez | Revista Científica de Ingenierías y Arquitectura .

In March 2019, the COVID-19 pandemic was declared; one of the recommendations was the use of face masks. As a result, the production and generation of protective equipment waste increased. … In March 2019, the COVID-19 pandemic was declared; one of the recommendations was the use of face masks. As a result, the production and generation of protective equipment waste increased. The objective of this work was to analyze and summarize information regarding the environmental impacts caused by the solid waste generated during the pandemic; and to present research with alternative solutions. Scientific search engines were used with keywords in Spanish and English. It was found that marine ecosystems are the most affected, as the protective equipment is made from non-degradable polymers, which turn into microplastics, affecting flora, fauna, and dragging other contaminants. Alternative solutions include the use of organisms for the biodegradation of these wastes and the use of biodegradable materials for the manufacture of protective equipment. It can be concluded that one of the main problems of improper waste disposal is the lack of environmental education among authorities and the general population. It is also important for the government to establish waste management plans. It can be recognized then that the post-pandemic demands interdisciplinary work from the fields of health, social, environmental, and political areas.

Policy gaps, actor dynamics, and implementation challenges in sustainable medical waste management in Bangladesh

2025-06-14

Md Monirul Islam , Shahaduz Zaman , Jannatul Ferdous +1 more | Journal of Environmental Management

Nefrologia verde na prática: ações que promovem impacto ambiental, social e econômico

2025-06-13

Fabiana Baggio Nerbass , Ralph Schulz , Maicon Aurélio de Vargas +2 more | Brazilian Journal of Nephrology

Resumo As mudanças climáticas afetam, e continuarão a afetar, a saúde global e renal de milhões de pessoas ao redor do mundo. Ao mesmo tempo em que os serviços de … Resumo As mudanças climáticas afetam, e continuarão a afetar, a saúde global e renal de milhões de pessoas ao redor do mundo. Ao mesmo tempo em que os serviços de saúde devem estar preparados para o aumento da incidência e para as mudanças na distribuição das doenças renais, eles também contribuem substancialmente para o esgotamento dos recursos naturais e emissão de gases de efeito estufa. Dentre esses serviços, o setor de diálise destaca-se pelo impacto ambiental negativo, em razão de seu elevado consumo de água, energia e insumos, além da geração de resíduos. Assim, medidas que reduzam a utilização de recursos naturais no procedimento dialítico, bem como aquelas voltadas à diminuição do número de pacientes dependentes de diálise, como iniciativas de prevenção de doenças renais e de incentivo ao transplante renal, são de fundamental relevância. Além dos ganhos ambientais, ações internas focadas na implementação de práticas sustentáveis podem também gerar retornos econômicos. Neste artigo, nosso objetivo foi informar e contribuir para o conhecimento sobre experiências sustentáveis já implementadas em uma instituição de saúde filantrópica brasileira. Entre elas, descrevemos como a utilização de energia renovável, o reaproveitamento da água de rejeito da osmose reversa e a reciclagem de resíduos se revertem em redução de custos de operação e em assistência direta aos pacientes em situação de vulnerabilidade social.

COVID-19 Hospital Admissions and Wastewater Data in Canada: A Statistical Analysis

2025-06-13

Warsame Yusuf , David Champredon | Research Square (Research Square)

<title>Abstract</title> Since the COVID-19 pandemic, many jurisdictions have adopted wastewater-based surveillance for various pathogens. Indeed, monitoring pathogen concentration in wastewater, usually measured in RNA or DNA copies per millilitre, can … <title>Abstract</title> Since the COVID-19 pandemic, many jurisdictions have adopted wastewater-based surveillance for various pathogens. Indeed, monitoring pathogen concentration in wastewater, usually measured in RNA or DNA copies per millilitre, can efficiently assess the prevalence of infections in entire communities. However, wastewater-based surveillance does not provide a directly interpretable and actionable metric for public health. Here, we propose a statistical framework that assesses the relationship between COVID-19 hospital admissions and SARS-CoV-2 concentration in wastewater for several large urban centres in Canada between 2021 and 2024. We also use this analysis to categorize early into an infection wave the clinical severity of future SARS-CoV-2 epidemics.

Study of Current Practices on Hospital Waste Management and Some of its Effects on Human Health in Kenya Susan Muthoni Maina

2025-06-13

Stephen Maina | Middle East Research Journal of Medical Sciences

Control of hospital environment is key to success of healthcare quality. Increasing emergence and spread of pathogenic bacteria is of great concern and continues to challenge infection prevention and epidemiology … Control of hospital environment is key to success of healthcare quality. Increasing emergence and spread of pathogenic bacteria is of great concern and continues to challenge infection prevention and epidemiology practice. This study aimed at providing information about the management of hospital environment and wastes in selected hospitals in Kenya namely Kenyatta National hospital and Referral (KNH, Public) and Kikuyu Mission Hospital (KMH- Private), the period of March 2020 to June 2020. Both are within similar locality. Simple random sampling was used to distribute a semi structured questionnaire among 246 health workers in each of the hospitals to capture data on management of hospital waste. Results from the study revealed that healthcare facilities whether public or private practiced inappropriate medical wastes management skills. The current practices are inappropriate due to lack of proper facilities and information of the individuals concerned.

REVISÃO DA LITERATURA SOBRE OS IMPACTOS DO BRONZEAMENTO ARTIFICIAL NA INCIDÊNCIA DE CÂNCER DE PELE

2025-06-13

Itamar Santos , Luiz Roberto Torres de Almeida , João L. Vilaça +2 more | Revista fisio&terapia.

O bronzeamento artificial tem despontado como uma ferramenta rápida para algumas pessoas que buscam estar inseridas em um padrão estético de beleza, nesse viés é importante ressaltar que esse procedimento … O bronzeamento artificial tem despontado como uma ferramenta rápida para algumas pessoas que buscam estar inseridas em um padrão estético de beleza, nesse viés é importante ressaltar que esse procedimento tem contribuído significativamente para o aumento das neoplasias de pele devido à exposição dos pacientes à radiação UVA, promovendo danos cumulativos à pele, além de alterações celulares. Diante desse alerta, esta revisão propõe discutir a relação entre bronzeamento e o câncer de pele, fatores de riscos, fisiopatologia e medidas preventivas.

Waste Management in Malegaon: Environmental and Administrative Perspectives

2025-06-13

Utkarsh Jagannath Ahire - , Subhash N. Nikam - | International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR)

Lean Management Framework in Healthcare: Insights and Achievements on Hazardous Medical Waste

2025-06-13

Adela Dana Ciobanu , Alexandru Ozunu , Maria Tănase +2 more | Applied Sciences

Hazardous medical waste (HMW) presents significant environmental and public health challenges, particularly in the context of rising healthcare demands and the global push for sustainable resource management. This study investigates … Hazardous medical waste (HMW) presents significant environmental and public health challenges, particularly in the context of rising healthcare demands and the global push for sustainable resource management. This study investigates the evolution of HMW management through a bibliometric and thematic analysis of 1703 articles published between 2020 and 2025, retrieved from the Web of Science database. Using VOSviewer, co-occurrence mapping and term clustering reveal six major conceptual domains, including thermal treatment technologies, operational optimization, environmental indicators, and behavioral dimensions. This study adds value by applying a dual bibliometric–thematic lens to provide new insights into the operational, technological, and sustainability dimensions of HMW. The analysis identifies a gradual shift from traditional disposal methods to circular models focused on resource valorization through pyrolysis, gasification, and sterilization. Lean management principles—such as process efficiency, waste minimization, and the promotion of recovery and reuse—emerge as complementary to circular economy goals. Additional visualizations outline international collaboration trends, highlighting established research hubs and emerging contributors. The findings emphasize the role of data-driven decision tools, sustainability assessment methods, and cross-sectoral integration in enhancing medical waste systems.

Determinants of improper healthcare waste segregation in a Tertiary Referral Hospital in Southern Rwanda: a cross-sectional study

2025-06-13

Jerome Nsanzimana , Albert Busumbigabo , Felicite Mukamana +2 more | Critical Public Health

Caractérisation physico-chimique et bactériologique des effluents hospitaliers des Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa traités au Réacteur Anaérobie de Couverture Ascendant à Lit de Boues (UASB) pilote à huile de noix de coco <i>(Cocos nucifera</i>)

2025-06-11

Louis Lubieno Okieng , Credo Mesongolo Lialia , Thierry Tangou Tabou +2 more | International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences

Les effluents hospitaliers contribuent à la pollution des eaux de surface et souterraines avec des micropolluants réfracteurs dans plusieurs systèmes conventionnels de traitement. Cette recherche visait à mesurer l'efficacité du … Les effluents hospitaliers contribuent à la pollution des eaux de surface et souterraines avec des micropolluants réfracteurs dans plusieurs systèmes conventionnels de traitement. Cette recherche visait à mesurer l'efficacité du système UASB enrichi d’huile de Cocos nucifera dans le traitement de ces rejets répondant aux normes de rejet. Différentes approches méthodologiques ont servi à l’analyse des paramètres physico-chimiques et bactériologiques. Après six mois de traitement, les résultats : le potentiel d’Hydrogène, la température, l’oxygène dissous et conductivité ; la matières en suspension, la turbidité, l’ammonium, le nitrite et nitrate, l’azote total, le phosphore total, la demande biologique d’oxygène, la demande chimique d’oxygène, le fer respectivement : 6,05±0,02 et 7,1±0,02 ; 27,2±0,15 et 29±0,15°C ; 2,01±0,01 et 3,1±0,01 mg/l ; 147±0,01 et 145±0,03 μs ; 45,02±101 et 25,2±1,01 mg/l ; 48,7±0,75 et 38,6±0,75 NTU ;18,02±0,06 et 8,7±0,06 mg/l ; 32,08±0,1 et 12,2±0,1 mg/l ; 30,6±0.01 et 20,4±0,01 mg/l ; 41,2±0,13 et 31±0,13 mg/l ; 3,07±0,07 et 2,8±0,07 mg/l ; 128±0,35 et 28±0,35 mg/l ; 269±0,41 et 69±0,41 mg/l ; 0,9±0,01 et 0,4±0,01 mg/l. L’abattement bactériologique donnait 99,9% pour les coliformes et 98,7% pour les streptocoques. Les Klebsiella pneumoniae, Providencia, Enterobacter cloaceae et Proteus retrouvés dans le brut, étaient tous éliminés. Un rendement satisfaisant, conforme aux normes, et favorable pour une duplication en grande échelle. Hospital effluents contribute to the pollution of surface and groundwater with refractor micropollutants in several conventional treatment systems. The purpose of this research was to measure the effectiveness of Cocos nucifera's oil-enriched UASB system in treating these discharges that met discharge standards. Different methodological approaches were used for the analysis of physicochemical and bacteriological parameters. After six months of treatment, the results: hydrogen potential, temperature, dissolved oxygen and conductivity; suspended solids, turbidity, ammonium, nitrite and nitrate, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, iron respectively: 6.05±0.02 and 7.1±0.02; 27.2±0.15 and 29±0.15°C; 2.01±0.01 and 3.1±0.01 mg/l; 147±0.01 and 145±0.03 μs; 45.02±101 and 25.2±1.01 mg/l; 48.7±0.75 and 38.6±0.75 NTU; 18.02±0.06 and 8.7±0.06 mg/l; 32.08±0.1 and 12.2±0.1 mg/l; 30.6±0 and 20.4±0.01 mg/l; 41.2±0.13 and 31±0.13 mg/l; 3.07±0.07 and 2.8±0.07 mg/l; 128±0.35 and 28±0.35 mg/l; 269±0.41 and 69±0.41 mg/l; 0.9±0.01 and 0.4±0.01 mg/l. The bacteriological abatement gave 99.9% for coliforms and 98.7% for streptococci. The Klebsiella pneumoniae, Providencia, Enterobacter cloaceae and Proteus found in the crude were all eliminated. Satisfactory performance, in line with standards, and favorable for large-scale duplication.