Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations

Cross-Border Cooperation and Integration

Works Count: 31719

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This cluster of papers explores the dynamics of cross-border regions in Europe and North America, focusing on territorial governance, European integration, border cooperation, regional identity, transnational collaboration, spatial planning, metropolitan integration, policy networks, and cross-border mobility.

Keywords

Cross-Border Regions; Territorial Governance; European Integration; Border Cooperation; Regional Identity; Transnational Collaboration; Spatial Planning; Metropolitan Integration; Policy Networks; Cross-Border Mobility

Globalization, Regionalization and Cross-Border Regions

2002-01-01

Markus Perkmann , Ngai‐Ling Sum

Frontiers: territory and state formation in the modern world

1996-09-01

Malcolm Anderson

List of Maps. Introduction. 1. The International Frontier in Historical and Theoretical Perspective. 2. Self--Determination, Secession and Autonomy: European Cases of Boundary--Drawing. 3. Themes in African and Asian Frontier Disputes. … List of Maps. Introduction. 1. The International Frontier in Historical and Theoretical Perspective. 2. Self--Determination, Secession and Autonomy: European Cases of Boundary--Drawing. 3. Themes in African and Asian Frontier Disputes. 4. Boundaries within States: Size, Democracy and Service Provision. 5. Frontiers and Migration. 6. Uninhabited Zones and International Cooperation. Conclusion: The European Union and the Future of Frontiers. Notes. Bibliography. Index.

The Political Economy of Regionalism

2013-07-04

Michael Keating , John Loughlin

We examine the incentives of regions to unite and separate.Separation allows for greater in uence over the nature of political decision making while uniÿcation allows regions to exploit economies of … We examine the incentives of regions to unite and separate.Separation allows for greater in uence over the nature of political decision making while uniÿcation allows regions to exploit economies of scale in the provision of government.Our paper explores the in uence of size, location and the diversity within regions in shaping this trade-o .We then examine the way in which alternative political institutions aggregate regional preferences and thereby deÿne the number of countries.

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The Border as a Resource in the Global Urban Space: A Contribution to the Cross‐Border Metropolis Hypothesis

2013-08-02

Christophe Sohn

Abstract In a globalized urban world, cross‐border metropolises represent a spatial configuration emblematic of the interplay between the space of flows and the space of places. The multiplicity of contexts … Abstract In a globalized urban world, cross‐border metropolises represent a spatial configuration emblematic of the interplay between the space of flows and the space of places. The multiplicity of contexts and processes at work can complicate the identification of what constitutes the singularity of the concept. In order to contribute to these reflections the present article hypothesizes that the specificity of cross‐border metropolises does not fundamentally stem from the form they take or the nature of the cross‐border integration at work, but rather from the particular role played by national borders in their formation. Opening up borders offers new opportunities for border cities and urban border regions to reinforce their positions at the heart of global economic networks, and to affirm their autonomy as cross‐border regional entities. Without minimizing the possible obstructive effects of borders, it is helpful to recognize that they might also represent a resource in the composition of cross‐border metropolitan regions.

Boundaries as social processes: Territoriality in the world of flows

1998-06-01

Anssi Paasi

(1998). Boundaries as social processes: Territoriality in the world of flows. Geopolitics: Vol. 3, Boundaries Territory and Postmodernity, pp. 69-88. (1998). Boundaries as social processes: Territoriality in the world of flows. Geopolitics: Vol. 3, Boundaries Territory and Postmodernity, pp. 69-88.

Border Studies: Changing Perspectives and Theoretical Approaches

2005-12-01

Vladimir Kolossov

The author considers the stages of development and the progress in theory of border studies from the early twentieth century to the present. He characterises the content of each stage, … The author considers the stages of development and the progress in theory of border studies from the early twentieth century to the present. He characterises the content of each stage, new ideas, the main achievements and practical applications. The essay is particularly focused on postmodern approaches that have emerged during the last 15 years.

Fences and neighbours in the postmodern world: boundary narratives in political geography

1998-04-01

David Newman , Anssi Paasi

State boundaries have constituted a major topic in the tradition of political geography. Boundary analysis has focused on the international scale, since international boundaries provide perhaps the most explicit manifestation … State boundaries have constituted a major topic in the tradition of political geography. Boundary analysis has focused on the international scale, since international boundaries provide perhaps the most explicit manifestation of the large-scale connection between politics and geography. The past decade has witnessed a renewed interest in boundaries, both within geography and from the wider field of social theory. Geographers have sought to place the notions of boundary within other social theoretical constructs, while other social scientists have attempted to understand the role of space and, in some cases, territory in their understanding of personal, group, and national boundaries and identities. Recent studies include analyses of the postmodern ideas of territoriality and the ‘disappearance’ of borders, the construction of sociospatial identities, socialization narratives in which boundaries are responsible for creating the ‘us’ and the ‘Other’, and the different scale dimensions of boundary research. These can be brought together within a multidimensional, multidisciplinary framework for the future study of boundary phenomena.

On borders and power: A theoretical framework

2003-03-01

David Newman

This paper raises the question whether it is possible to develop a theory of bordering which will encompass the diverse types of border and boundary experience. I have previously argued … This paper raises the question whether it is possible to develop a theory of bordering which will encompass the diverse types of border and boundary experience. I have previously argued that the only way to create a common language between the different disciplinary languages (including geographers, political scientists, anthropologists, sociologists, economists and others) is to create a common set of theoretical constructs and frameworks which can be used as a generalized explanatory model for understanding changing border/boundary phenomenon (Newman 2003). In essence, this paper reiterates a question asked long ago in one of the classic studies of international boundaries, namely how are boundaries (borders) to be redefined in the settings of contemporary time and place (Jones 1959).

Borders and Bordering

2006-05-01

David Newman

The renaissance of border studies during the past decade has been characterized by a crossing of disciplinary borders, bringing together geographers, political scientists, sociologists, anthropologists, historians, literary scholars, legal experts, … The renaissance of border studies during the past decade has been characterized by a crossing of disciplinary borders, bringing together geographers, political scientists, sociologists, anthropologists, historians, literary scholars, legal experts, along with border practitioners engaged in the practical aspects of boundary demarcation, delimitation and management. This growth in border studies runs contrary to much of the globalization discourse which was prevalent during the late 1980s and early 1990s, positing a new ‘borderless’ world, in which the barrier impact of borders became insignificant. The article points to the common use of terminology which can create a shared border discourse among a diverse group of scholars, such as boundary demarcation, the nature of frontiers, borderlands and transition zones, and the ways in which borders are crossed. The article also discusses the reclosing of borders which is taking place as a result of 9/11 as part of the stated war against global terror.

Bounded spaces in a ‘borderless world’: border studies, power and the anatomy of territory

2009-08-01

Anssi Paasi

Abstract The roles and future of bounded territories have become important themes in research. Scholars have in particular theorized new forms of spatialities that have emerged along with the geopolitical … Abstract The roles and future of bounded territories have become important themes in research. Scholars have in particular theorized new forms of spatialities that have emerged along with the geopolitical and geo‐economic upheavals that followed the Cold War. Many scholars, dazzled by the supposed power of globalization and the related rise of a world characterized by ‘flows’ and networks, have suggested that we are moving towards a ‘borderless world’ and a retreat of the nation‐state. At the same time, partly as a reaction to globalization and partly as a response to emerging regionalism and ethno‐regionalist movements, a number of states have set in motion a process of re‐scaling in which they have devolved part of their power in governance to supra‐state and sub‐state regions. Concomitantly, new, increasingly technical forms of governance have been taken into use to control state territories. This paper will first scrutinize how academic scholars have by tradition interpreted and theorized the roles of ‘boundedness’, borders and territoriality. Some new conceptual perspectives will then be developed in order to understand the persistence of bounded territorial spaces. It will suggest that, in spite of the increasing interactions and networks, the state is still a crucial organizer of territorial spaces and creator of meaning for them, even though these spaces are becoming increasingly porous. The paper looks at how such meaning‐making occurs in spatial socialization and in the governmental practices that perpetually aim at making territory calculable. It suggests that, instead of being mere neutral lines, borders are important institutions and ideological symbols that are used by various bodies and institutions in the perpetual process of reproducing territorial power. Keywords: territoryterritorialityborderspower Acknowledgements This research was carried out when the author served as an Academy Professor of the Academy of Finland and was directing projects financed by the Academy (No. 1210442 and No. 121992). This support is gratefully acknowledged.

Distance, Proximity and Types of Cross-border Innovation Systems: A Conceptual Analysis

2011-04-16

Karl-Johan Lundquist , Michaela Trippl

Lundquist K.-J. and Trippl M. Distance, proximity and types of cross-border innovation systems: a conceptual analysis, Regional Studies. Due to a lack of both theoretical and systematic empirical work, innovation-driven … Lundquist K.-J. and Trippl M. Distance, proximity and types of cross-border innovation systems: a conceptual analysis, Regional Studies. Due to a lack of both theoretical and systematic empirical work, innovation-driven integration processes in cross-border areas are still poorly understood. Departing from the regional innovation system (RIS) approach, recent work on different forms of proximity, and the literature on cross-border areas, this paper seeks to identify in a conceptual way different stages in the development of cross-border innovation systems and to highlight the main characteristics and barriers characterizing each phase. The conceptual model proposed in this paper can serve as a useful framework, guiding more systematic and comparative empirical work on cross-border innovation systems in different regional and national contexts. Lundquist K.-J. and Trippl M. 距离、毗邻性以及跨界创新系统的类型：概念分析框架，区域研究。由于缺少理论以及系统性经验研究，人们对于跨界区域中由创新带动的整合过程仍然知之甚少。目前的研究集中于区域创新系统方法（RIS）、毗邻性的不同形式以及跨界区域，本文试图从理论层面明确跨界创新系统发展的不同阶段，强调不同阶段的主要特征以及障碍。本文提出的概念模型可作为有用的框架以指导在不同的区域以及国家背景下对跨界创新系统进行系统及比较性经验研究。创新带动的整合跨界区域区域创新系统 Lundquist K.-J. et Trippl M. La distance, la proximité et les systèmes transfrontaliers d'innovation: une analyse conceptuelle, Regional Studies. À cause d'un manque de recherche empirique à la fois théorique et systématique, les processus d'intégration déterminés par l'innovation dans les zones transfrontalières sont toujours mal compris. S'éloignant de l'approche des systèmes régionaux d'innovation, de la recherche récente sur la proximité, et de la documentation sur les zones transfrontalières, cet article cherche à identifier de façon conceptuelle les différentes étapes du développement des systèmes transfrontaliers d'innovation et à souligner les principaux traits et barrières qui s'imposent à chaque étape. Le modèle conceptuel proposé peut servir de cadre, pilotant ainsi de la recherche empirique plus systématique et comparative sur les systèmes transfrontaliers d'innovation dans des contextes régionaux et nationaux différents. Intégration déterminée par l'innovation Zones transfrontalières Systèmes régionaux d'innovation Lundquist K.-J. und Trippl M. Entfernung, Nähe und Arten von grenzübergreifenden Innovationssystemen: eine konzeptuelle Analyse, Regional Studies. Wegen eines Mangels an theoretischen und systematischen empirischen Arbeiten herrscht noch immer ein mangelndes Verständnis von innovationsbedingten Integrationsprozessen in grenzübergreifenden Gebieten. In Abweichung vom Ansatz des regionalen Innovationssystems, den aktuellen Arbeiten über verschiedene Formen der Nähe und der Literatur über grenzübergreifende Gebiete werden in diesem Beitrag auf konzeptuelle Weise verschiedene Phasen in der Entwicklung von grenzübergreifenden Innovationssystemen identifiziert und die wichtigsten Merkmale und Hindernisse der einzelnen Phasen hervorgehoben. Das in diesem Beitrag vorgeschlagene konzeptuelle Modell kann als nützlicher Rahmen und als Orientierung für systematischere und vergleichende empirische Arbeiten über grenzübergreifende Innovationssysteme in verschiedenen regionalen und nationalen Kontexten dienen. Innovationsbedingte Integration Grenzübergreifende Gebiete Regionale Innovationssysteme Lundquist K.-J. y Trippl M. Distancia, proximidad y tipos de sistemas de innovación transfronterizos: un análisis conceptual, Regional Studies. Debido a una falta de trabajo empírico, tanto teórico como sistemático, se siguen sin entender los procesos de integración impulsados por la innovación en zonas transfronterizas. A diferencia del concepto del sistema de innovación regional (SIR), del trabajo reciente sobre las diferentes formas de proximidad y de la bibliografía sobre zonas transfronterizas, el objetivo de este artículo es identificar de modo conceptual las diferentes fases en el desarrollo de sistemas de innovación transfronterizos y destacar las características y los obstáculos principales que caracterizan cada fase. El modelo conceptual propuesto en este artículo puede servir de estructura útil, guiando un trabajo empírico más sistemático y comparativo sobre los sistemas transfronterizos de innovación en diferentes contextos regionales y nacionales. Integración impulsada por la innovación Zonas transfronterizas Sistemas de innovación regional

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The lines that continue to separate us: borders in our `borderless' world

2006-04-01

David Newman

The study of borders has undergone a renaissance during the past decade. This is reflected in an impressive list of conferences, workshops and scholarly publications. This renaissance has been partly … The study of borders has undergone a renaissance during the past decade. This is reflected in an impressive list of conferences, workshops and scholarly publications. This renaissance has been partly due to the emergence of a counternarrative to the borderless and deterritorialized world discourse which has accompanied much of globalization theory. The study of borders has moved beyond the limited confines of the political geography discourse, crossing its own disciplinary boundaries, to include sociologists, political scientists, historians, international lawyers and scholars of international relations. But this meeting of disciplines has not yet been successful in creating a common language or glossary of terms which is relevant to all scholars of borders. Central to the contemporary study of borders are notions such as `borders are institutions', the process of `bordering' as a dynamic in its own right, and the border terminologies which focus on the binary distinctions between the `us' and `them', the `included' and the `excluded'. Borders should be studied not only from a top-down perspective, but also from the bottom up, with a focus on the individual border narratives and experiences, reflecting the ways in which borders impact upon the daily life practices of people living in and around the borderland and transboundary transition zones. In positing an agenda for the next generation of border-related research, borders should be seen for their potential to constitute bridges and points of contact, as much as they have traditionally constituted barriers to movement and communication.

Missing the point: globalization, deterritorialization and the space of the world

2005-03-01

Stuart Elden

This article provides a critique of a dominant strand of the literature on globalization – that which suggests it can be understood as deterritorialization. It argues that suggestions that we … This article provides a critique of a dominant strand of the literature on globalization – that which suggests it can be understood as deterritorialization. It argues that suggestions that we have moved away from territorial understandings of politics fail to conceptually elaborate the notion of territory itself. Drawing parallels between mathematics and politics in the seventeenth century, the paper claims that the notion of territory is dependent on a particular way of grasping space as calculable. This way of understanding space makes bounded territories possible, but also underlies new global configurations. In other words globalization is a reconfiguration of existing understandings rather than the radical break some suggest. The article concludes by making some comments on this reconfiguration, and suggesting that further historical and conceptual work on territory is necessary before it can be thought to be superseded.

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Europe as a Social Process and Discourse

2001-01-01

Anssi Paasi

During the 1990s competing images emerged of what constitutes European identity, who belongs to it, and what are its internal and external boundaries. This has forced reflection on the links … During the 1990s competing images emerged of what constitutes European identity, who belongs to it, and what are its internal and external boundaries. This has forced reflection on the links between state territoriality, and territorialities occurring on and between other spatial scales. This paper analyses images of Europe, narratives on European identity, and how these images have implied different forms and conceptualizations of spatiality. Europe is understood as an experience, a structural body and an institution. Structural interpretations have traditionally been dominant, but now an institutional-bureaucratic view has taken a dominant position in defining what Europe is. Growing flows of refugees and immigrants call into question the state-centred identities and narratives of nationally bounded cultures. In the current situation a more cosmopolitan view is needed instead of the established, exclusive concept of place. The paper suggests that this can be done by understanding place as a cumulative archive of personal experience that is not bound with some specific location. Regions, for their part, may be understood as collective institutional structures. A challenge for research is to reflect how regions and places come together and what kind of spatial imaginaries and ideologies are involved in this process.

The Ashgate Research Companion to Border Studies

2011-12-01

Jopi Nyman

Doris Wastl-Walter (ed.), Farnham, Surrey and Burlington, VT: Ashgate, 2011. This substantial volume consisting of an introduction, 32 specialist essays, and 705 pages (and weighing 1.664 kg) surve... Doris Wastl-Walter (ed.), Farnham, Surrey and Burlington, VT: Ashgate, 2011. This substantial volume consisting of an introduction, 32 specialist essays, and 705 pages (and weighing 1.664 kg) surve...

Theorizing Borders: An Interdisciplinary Perspective

2005-12-01

Emmanuel Brunet‐Jailly

The current renewed interest in the study of borders and borderlands is paralleled by a growing concern and debate on the possibility of a border model, or models, and of … The current renewed interest in the study of borders and borderlands is paralleled by a growing concern and debate on the possibility of a border model, or models, and of a border theory, or theories. Certainly, there is a new attention to theoretical consideration and discussion that could help sharpen our understanding of borders. In this essay, I argue that a model or general framework is helpful for understanding borders, and I suggest a theory of borders. The seeds of my arguments are grounded in a variety of discussions and in the works of border scholars from a variety of social science disciplines. My contention is that the literature on borders, boundaries, frontiers, and borderland regions suggests four equally important analytical lenses: (1) market forces and trade flows, (2) policy activities of multiple levels of governments on adjacent borders, (3) the particular political clout of borderland communities, and (4) the specific culture of borderland communities. A model of border studies is presented in the second part of this essay, and I argue that these lenses provide a way of developing a model that delineates a constellation of variables along four dimensions.

Critical Border Studies: Broadening and Deepening the ‘Lines in the Sand' Agenda

2012-10-01

Nöel Parker , Nick Vaughan‐Williams

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We would like to thank all of the contributors to the special section for helping us to realise the ‘Lines … Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We would like to thank all of the contributors to the special section for helping us to realise the ‘Lines in the Sand’ project in this form, all the many participants at our workshops in Cornwall and Copenhagen, The British Academy for providing financial assistance (SG-50847), and the Editors of Geopolitics – particularly David Newman – for support and patience throughout the publication process.

Boundaries as Social Practice and Discourse: The Finnish‐Russian Border

1999-10-01

Anssi Paasi

PAASI A. (1999) Boundaries as social practice and discourse: the Finnish-Russian border, Reg. Studies 33 , 669-680. Boundaries are a key concept in political geography, where they are typically understood … PAASI A. (1999) Boundaries as social practice and discourse: the Finnish-Russian border, Reg. Studies 33 , 669-680. Boundaries are a key concept in political geography, where they are typically understood as empirical manifestations of state power and territoriality. This paper suggests a multidimensional approach to the analysis of boundaries in a world of de-territorialization and re-territorialization. Boundaries are understood as institutions and symbols that are produced and reproduced in social practices and discourses. The meanings of the Finnish-Russian border are discussed at the scale of both the Finnish state and a locality that was divided by the new border after World War Two. The roles of this border have been highly varied, reflecting not only Finnish-Russian relations but also changes in global geopolitics. Current economic practices and discourses strive to open up borders and permit freer movement of capital and people, but in terms of Finnish foreign policy, security discourses and territorial control, this border is still a relatively closed one. PAASI A. (1999) Les frontières en tant que facteur d'habitude et de discours sociaux: la frontière entre la Finlande et la Russie, Reg. Studies 33 , 669-680. Les frontières sont des concepts clés de la géographie politique, étant considérées comme des preuves empiriques du pouvoir d'Etat et du territoire. Cet article avance une façon multidimensionnelle d'aborder l'analyse de la notion de frontières dans un monde de démantèlement et de reconstruction de frontières. Les frontières sont considérées des institutions et des symboles qui se produisent et se reproduisent à partir des habitudes et des discours sociaux. Les significations de la frontière entre la Finlande et la Russie se voient discuter à l'échelle de l'Etat finlandais et du point de vue d'une région divisée par la nouvelle frontière suitè a la deuxième guerre mondiale. Les rôles de cette frontière ont varié sensiblement, ce qui reflète non seulement les rapports entre les Finlandais et les Russes, mais aussi l'évolution de la géopolitique sur le plan mondial. Les habitudes et les discours économiques en vigueur cherchent à ouvrir des frontières et à faciliter la libre circulation du capital et des personnes. Toujours est-il que, vu la politique étrangère du gouvernement finlandais, étant donné les discours concernant la sécurité et quant au contrôle des territoires, cette frontière reste relativement fermée. PAASI A. (1999) Grenzen als gesellschaftliche Praxis und Diskurs: die finnisch-russische Grenze, Reg. Studies 33 , 669‐680. Grenzen sind ein Grundbegriff der politischen Geografie, in der sie typisch als empirische Bekundung der Staatsgewalt und dem Raumbedürfnis der Bewohner aufgefaßt werden. In einer Welt der Gebietsauflösung und erneuten Gebietsbildung regt dieser Aufsatz ein multidimensionales Angehen der Analyse von Grenzen an. Grenzen werden als Institutionen und als Symbole verstanden, die in der gesellschaftlichen Praxis und Diskursen gezogen und nachvollzogen werden. Die Bedeutungen der finnischrussischen Grenze werden sowohl auf der Ebene des finnischen Staates wie der eines Ortes diskutiert, der nach dem 2. Weltkrieg durch eine neu festelegte Grenze geteilt wurde. Die Rollen dieser Grenze sind sehr verschieden gewesen, und spiegeln nicht nur finnisch-russische Beziehungen wider, sondern auch Wandel in der globalen Geopolitik. Gegenwärtige wirtschaftliche Praxis und Meinungen gehen dahin, Grenzen zuöffnen und den Austausch von Menschen und Kapital zu erleichtern, aber für die finnische Außenpolitik, Sicherheitsbesprechungen und Gebietskontrolle bleibt die Grenze nach wie vor verhältnismäßig geschlossen.

Exploring the Critical Potential of the Borderscapes Concept

2014-05-09

Chiara Brambilla

AbstractThe conceptual evolution of borders has been characterised by important changes in the last twenty years. After the processual shift of the 1990s (from border to bordering), in recent years … AbstractThe conceptual evolution of borders has been characterised by important changes in the last twenty years. After the processual shift of the 1990s (from border to bordering), in recent years there has been increasing concern about the need to critically question the current state of the debate on the concept of borders. Within this framework, this article explores the critical potential of the borderscapes concept for the development of alternative approaches to borders along three main axes of reflection that, though interrelated, can be analytically distinguished as: epistemological, ontological and methodological. Such approaches show the significant potential of borderscapes for future advances of critical border studies in the era of globalisation and transnational flows, thereby contributing to the liberation of (geo)political imagination from the burden of the 'territorialist imperative' and to the understanding of new forms of belonging and becoming that are worth being investigated. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThank you to Elena dell'Agnese for organizing the wonderful Borderscapes conference series at which the first ideas for this paper were discussed. I am grateful to Martin Lemberg-Pedersen for stimulating conversations on the critical potential of borderscapes to inquire into the Euro/African border nexus. Holger Pötzsch is thanked for a lively chat on the issues of in/visibility and (audio-visual) borderscapes. I am grateful to Olivier Kramsch for inspiring conversations on postcolonial borderscapes and critical border studies. I would also like to gratefully thank the three anonymous reviewers for critically challenging and inspiring me with their thought-provoking comments.My research for this text has been conducted within the framework of EUBORDERSCAPES funded by European Commission FP7-SSH-2011-1 (290775).Notes1. K. Ohmae, The Borderless World. Power and Strategy in the Interlinked Economy (New York: HarperCollins 1990).2. D. Newman and A. Paasi, 'Fences and Neighbours in the Post-Modern World: Boundary Narratives in Political Geography', Progress in Human Geography 22/2 (1998) pp. 186–207.3. J. Scott, 'Euroregions, Governance and Transborder Co-Operation within the EU', European Research in Regional Science 10 (2000) pp. 104–115.4. H. van Houtum, 'The Geopolitics of Borders and Boundaries', Geopolitics 10 (2005) pp. 672–679.5. H. van Houtum, O. Kramsch, and W. Zierhofer (eds.), B/Ordering Space (Aldershot: Ashgate 2005).6. On the processual shift from borders to bordering, see among others A. Paasi, 'Boundaries as Social Processes: Territoriality in the World of Flows', Geopolitics 3/1 (1998) pp. 69–88; H. van Houtum and T. van Naerssen, 'Bordering, Ordering and Othering', Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie 93/2 (2002) pp. 125–136; D. Newman, 'Borders and Bordering: Towards an Interdisciplinary Dialogue', European Journal of Social Theory 9/2 (2006) pp. 171–186.7. See É. Balibar, We, the People of Europe. Reflections on Transnational Citizenship (Princeton: Princeton University Press 2003).8. For a careful summary and critical reflection on the main features of border studies following their 'renaissance' at the end of the last century, see the contributions in the special issue of European Journal of Social Theory on 'Theorizing Borders' 9/2 (2006) edited by Chris Rumford.9. On dis-locating and re-locating borders, see open access working papers and other materials of 'Relocating Borders: A Comparative Approach', Second EastBordNet Conference, Humboldt University, Berlin, 11–13 Jan. 2013, available at <http://www.eastbordnet.org/working_papers/open/>, accessed Oct. 2013. See also: S. Green, 'Borders and the Relocation of Europe', Annual Review of Anthropology 42 (2013) pp. 345–361.10. On borders as a social institution see P. Vila, Crossing Borders, Reinforcing Borders: Social Categories, Metaphors, and Narrative Identities on the US-Mexico Frontier (Austin: University of Texas Press 2000).11. N. Parker and N. Vaughan-Williams et al., 'Lines in the Sand: Towards an Agenda for Critical Border Studies', Geopolitics 14/3 (2009) pp. 582–587. As noted by James Sidaway, it is relevant to mention the fact that Geopolitics was founded in 1996 under the name of Geopolitics and International Boundaries Studies, precisely in order to focus on the study of international borders. See J. Sidaway, 'The Return and Eclipse of Border Studies? Charting Agendas', Geopolitics 16/4 (2011) pp. 969–976. Also of interest are: V. Kolossov, 'Border Studies: Changing Perspectives and Theoretical Approaches', Geopolitics 10/4 (2005) pp. 606–632; and E. Brunet-Jailly, 'Theorizing Borders: An Interdisciplinary Reflection', Geopolitics 10/4 (2005) pp. 633–649.12. Sidaway (note 11).13. C. Johnson, R. Jones, A. Paasi, L. Amoore, A. Mountz, M. Salter, and C. Rumford, 'Interventions on Rethinking 'the Border' in Border Studies', Political Geography 30 (2011) pp. 61–69.14. D. Wastl-Walter (ed.), The Ashgate Research Companion to Border Studies (Farnham: Ashgate 2011); T. Wilson and H. Donnan (eds.), A Companion to Border Studies (Chichester: Blackwell Publishing 2012).15. Another contribution to this debate is a recent article by Nick Megoran, 'Rethinking the Study of International Boundaries: A Biography of the Kyrgyzstan-Uzbekistan Boundary', Annals of the Association of American Geographers 102/2 (2012) pp. 464–481.16. Parker and Vaughan-Williams et al. (note 11).17. Ibid., p. 582.18. See Y. Lapid, 'Introduction: Identities, Borders, Orders: Nudging International Relations Theory in a New Direction', in M. Albert, D. Jacobson, and Y. Lapid (eds.), Identities, Borders, Orders: Re-Thinking International Relations Theory (London and Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press 2001) pp. 1–21. Lapid (p. 8) cites Neil Brenner's argument on 'territorialist epistemology': 'By mid-twentieth century each of the conceptual building blocks of modern social science – in particular the notion of state, society, economy, culture, and community – had come to presuppose this territorialization of social relations within a parcelized, fixed, and essentially timeless geographical space. The resultant territorialist epistemology has entailed the transposition of the historically unique territorial structure of the modern interstate system into a generalized model of sociospatial organization, whether within reference to political, societal, economic, or cultural processes'. See N. Brenner, 'Beyond State-Centrism? Space, Territoriality, and Geographical Scale in Globalization Studies', Theory and Society 28 (1999) pp. 39–78.19. Parker and Vaughan-Williams et al. (note 11) p. 583.20. Ibid., p. 586.21. N. Parker and N. Vaughan-Williams, 'Critical Border Studies: Broadening and Deepening the 'Lines in the Sand' Agenda', Geopolitics 17/4 (2012) pp. 727–733.22. Parker and Vaughan-Williams et al. (note 11).23. J. Agnew, 'The Territorial Trap: The Geographical Assumptions of International Relations Theory', Review of International Political Economy 1 (1994) pp. 53–80. Agnew's conception of the 'territorial trap' draws attention to three geographical assumptions of international relations theory that are crucial to be overcome towards an agenda of critical border studies: states are fixed and secure territorial units of sovereign space; the domestic/foreign polarity based on which domestic and foreign spaces are distinct and separable spheres; the territorial sovereign state is the appropriate container of society that is subordinated to the existence of the territorial state. On the territorial trap concept, also interesting are the contributions to the special symposium, 'Geopolitics Roundtable: New Thinking on Territory, Sovereignty and Power', Geopolitics 15/4 (2010) pp. 752–784. See S. Reid-Henry, 'The Territorial Trap Fifteen Years On' (pp. 752–756), which introduces the roundtable providing an overview of the most significant reflections in the other contributions. Also see J. Agnew, 'Still Trapped in Territory' (pp. 779–784) that closes the symposium giving a response to the other contributors on 'moving on' with the territorial trap.24. Parker and Vaughan-Williams (note 21).25. Sidaway (note 11) p. 972.26. Ibid., pp. 973–974.27. Ibid., p. 974.28. Johnson et al. (note 13).29. Ibid., p. 62.30. Ibid., p. 62.31. P. K. Rajaram and C. Grundy-Warr, 'Introduction', in P. K. Rajaram and C. Grundy-Warr (eds.), Borderscapes: Hidden Geographies and Politics at Territory's Edge (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press 2007) pp. ix–xl.32. See S. Perera, 'A Pacific Zone? (In)Security, Sovereignty, and Stories of the Pacific Borderscape', in P. K. Rajaram and C. Grundy-Warr (eds.), Borderscapes: Hidden Geographies and Politics at Territory's Edge (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press 2007) pp. 201–227.33. Parker and Vaughan-Williams et al. (note 11) p. 586.34. Brenner (note 18) p. 40.35. This approach is close to the use of the term borderscapes given by the cultural geographer Anne-Laure Amilhat-Szary in her recent contribution, 'Walls and Border Art: The Politics of Art Display', Journal of Borderlands Studies 27/2 (2012) pp. 213–228.36. Rajaram and Grundy-Warr (note 31) p. x.37. E. Dell'Agnese and E. Squarcina (eds.), Europa. Vecchi confini e nuove frontiere (Torino: UTET 2005).38. It is worth clarifying that the etymological reflection on the term borderscapes proposed in this article addresses only the use of the word in the international academic debate on borders and does not consider the way in which it is used in the wider context of the English language.39. To be precise, dell'Agnese had already used the term borderscape a year before at the AAG pre-conference (Political Geography Specialty Group) at the University of Colorado at Boulder (3–5 April 2005). She presented a paper entitled 'Bollywood's Borderscapes'. For the abstract, see <http://www.colorado.edu/ibs/aagpreconference/papers/abstracts.html>, accessed Oct. 2013. Also of interest is the way in which Josh Kun introduces the 'border(audio)scape' concept in his essay 'The Aural Border', Theatre Journal 52 (2000) pp. 1–21.40. See: <http://www.unitn.it/archive/events/borderscapes/index.htm>; <http://www2.units.it/borderscapes3/>, accessed Oct. 2013.41. A. Paasi, Territories, Boundaries and Consciousness: The Changing Geographies of the Finnish-Russian Border (Chichester: John Wiley 1996).42. The term borderscapes is used in a similar way by Anke Strüver in her book Stories of the 'Boring Border': The Dutch-German Borderscape in People's Minds (Berlin: LIT 2005).43. See J. R. V. Prescott, The Geography of Frontiers and Boundaries (London: Hutchinson University Library 1965); D. Rumley and J. Minghi (eds.), The Geography of Border Landscapes (London and New York: Routledge 1991).44. See S. Mezzadra and B. Neilson, 'Borderscapes of Differential Inclusion: Subjectivity and Struggles on the Threshold of Justice's Excess', in É. Balibar, S. Mezzadra, and R. Samaddar (eds.), The Borders of Justice (Philadelphia: Temple University Press 2011) pp. 181–203.45. N. De Genova, 'Migrant Illegality and Deportability in Everyday Life', Annual Review of Anthropology 31 (2002) pp. 419–447.46. See P. Guichonnet and C. Raffestin, Géographie des Frontières (Paris: PUF 1974) pp. 147–218.47. A. Appadurai, Modernity at Large: Cultural Dimensions of Globalization (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press 1996).48. See C. Brambilla and H. van Houtum, 'The Art of Being a 'Grenzgänger' in the Borderscapes of Berlin', Agora 4 (2012) pp. 28–31.49. C. Brambilla, 'Borders Still Exist! What Are Borders?', in B. Riccio and C. Brambilla (eds.), Transnational Migration, Cosmopolitanism and Dis-Located Borders (Rimini: Guaraldi 2010) pp. 73–85.50. See Rajaram and Grundy-Warr (note 31) p. xxx; C. Brambilla, ''Pluriversal' Citizenship and Borderscapes', in M. Sorbello and A. Weitzel (eds.), Transient Spaces. The Tourist Syndrome (Berlin: argobooks 2010) pp. 61–65; C. Brambilla, 'Shifting Italy/Libya Borderscapes at the Interface of EU/Africa Borderland: A 'Genealogical' Outlook from the Colonial Era to Post-Colonial Scenarios', ACME – An International E-journal for Critical Geographies (forthcoming, 2014).51. Actually, although embracing a quite different perspective, Rumley and Minghi have already considered in the Introduction to The Geography of Border Landscapes the problems that could be caused by inserting the reflection on borders within the wider context of the studies on landscape.52. L. Bonesio, Paesaggio, identità e comunità tra locale e globale (Reggio Emilia: Diabasis 2007) p. 17; see also J. Brinckerhoff Jackson, Discovering the Vernacular Landscape (New Haven and London: Yale University Press 1984) pp. 1–55.53. K. Olwig, 'Performing on the Landscape versus Doing Landscape: Preambulatory Practice, Sight and the Sense of Belonging', in T. Ingold and J. L. Vergunst (eds.), Ways of Walking. Ethnography and Practice on Food (Aldershot: Ashgate 2008) p. 83.54. Ibid., p. 82. See also A. Turco, Paesaggio: pratiche, linguaggi, mondi (Reggio Emilia: Diabasis 2002).55. Rajaram and Grundy-Warr (note 31) p. xxiv.56. J. Rancière, Dissensus. On Politics and Aesthetics, ed. and trans. by S. Corcoran (London: Continuum International Publishing Group 2010) p. 149.57. Rajaram and Grundy-Warr (note 31) pp. xi–xii.58. Philosophy has traditionally distinguished between the study of being and the study of becoming since the time of Plato's dialog the Timaeus: Plato, Timaeus and Critias (London: Penguin Books 1977). G. Deleuze and F. Guattari write extensively on becoming in A Thousand Plateaus. Capitalism and Schizophrenia (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press 2008).59. Parker and Vaughan-Williams (note 21) p. 728. Also see S. Sassen, Territory, Authority, Rights. From Medieval to Global Assemblages (Princeton: Princeton University Press 2006).60. D. Reichert, 'On Boundaries', Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 10/1 (1992) pp. 87–98.61. P. Bourdieu, Raisons pratiques: sur la théorie de l'action (Paris: Seuil Galliard 1994); M. Foucault, Il faut défendre la société (Paris: Seuil Galliard 1997).62. See W. D. Mignolo, Local Histories/Global Designs. Coloniality, Subaltern Knowledges, and Border Thinking (Princeton: Princeton University Press 2000).63. See U. Beck and E. Grande, Das kosmopolitische Europa (Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp 2004).64. A. Mol and J. Law, 'Guest Editorial – Boundary Variations: An Introduction', Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 23 (2005) pp. 637–642.65. Ibid., p. 637.66. Parker and Vaughan-Williams (note 21) p. 730.67. Sidaway (note 11) pp. 973–74.68. Brambilla, 'Borders Still Exist!' (note 49) p. 75.69. W. D. Mignolo, The Darker Side of the Renaissance. Literacy, Territoriality, and Colonization (Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press 2006) p. 15.70. C. Rumford, 'Toward a Multiperspectival Study of Borders', Geopolitics 17/4 (2012) pp. 887–902. Similar arguments are used in: O. T. Kramsch and C. Brambilla, 'Transboundary Europe through a West African Looking Glass: Cross Border Integration, 'Colonial Difference' and the Chance for 'Border Thinking'', Comparativ. Zeitschrift für Globalgeschichte und vergleichende Gesellschaft 17/4 (2007) pp. 95–115.71. Parker and Vaughan-Williams et al. (note 11) p. 586.72. On the search for an alternative ontology in which the continual reformulation of entities in play in 'postinternational' society can be grasped, see N. Parker, 'From Borders to Margins: A Deleuzian Ontology for Identities in the Postinternational Environment', Alternatives 34 (2009) pp. 17–39.73. In this regard, see: R. Kitchin and M. Dodge, 'Rethinking Maps', Progress in Human Geography 31 (2007) pp. 331–344. Kitchin and Dodge (p. 335) call for an 'ontogenetic' approach to mapping, arguing that we need to shift from ontology '(how things are) to ontogenesis (how things become)'. Hence, the ontogenetic approach to mapping is close to what I have called processual ontological approach to borders.74. See N. Glick-Schiller, L. Basch, and C. Blanc-Szanton (eds.), Nations Unbound: Transnational Projects, Postcolonial Predicaments, and Deterritorialized Nation-States (Langhorne: Gordon and Breach 1994).75. See A. Gupta and J. Ferguson, ''Beyond Culture': Space, Identity and the Politics of Difference', Cultural Anthropology 7/1 (1992) pp. 6–23.76. S. Mezzadra and B. Neilson, 'Between Inclusion and Exclusion: On the Topology of Global Space and Borders', Theory, Culture & Society 29/4-5 (2012) pp. 58–75.77. C. Rumford, 'Guest Editorial – Global Borders: An Introduction to the Special Issue', Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 28 (2010) pp. 951–956.78. C. Brambilla, 'Shifting Italy/Libya Borderscapes' (note 50).79. Sidaway (note 11) p. 973. An interesting example of interdisciplinary methodological approach – which contributes to finding the complementarities between different social sciences and humanities approaches, thereby looking for ways of bridging them together in contemporary border studies debate – is the work of the 'Border Aesthetics' research project (2010–2013) under the Research Council of Norway KULVER programme, initiated by the Border Poetics Research Group at the University of Tromsø. See: <http://uit.no/hsl/borderaesthetics> and <www.borderpoetics.wikidot.com>, accessed Oct. 2013. Also of interest: J. Schimanski and S. Wolfe (eds.), Border Poetics De-Limited (Laatzen: Wehrhahn Verlag 2007); J. Schimanski and S. Wolfe, 'The Aesthetics of Borders', in K. Aukrust (ed.), Assigning Cultural Values (Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang 2013) pp. 235–250.80. See H. Arendt, The Human Condition (Chicago: The University of Chicago Press 1958); M. Borren, 'Towards an Arendtian Politics of In/Visibility: On Stateless Refugees and Undocumented Aliens', Ethical Perspectives: Journal of the European Ethics Network 15/2 (2008) pp. 213–237.81. H. van Houtum, 'Mapping Transversal Borders: Towards a Choreography of Space', in B. Riccio and C. Brambilla (eds.), Transnational Migration, Cosmopolitanism and Dis-located Borders (Rimini: Guaraldi 2009) pp. 119–137.82. See J. Rancière, 'Who is the Subject of the Rights of Man?', South Atlantic Quarterly 103/2-3 (2004) pp. 297–310.83. J. W. Crampton, 'Cartography: Performative, Participatory, Political', Progress in Human Geography 33/6 (2009) pp. 840–848.84. Strüver (note 42) p. 170.85. J. Butler, Bodies that Matter. On the Discursive Limits of 'Sex' (London: Routledge 1993) p. 2.86. Strüver (note 42) p. 167.87. Also see N. Megoran, 'For Ethnography in Political Geography: Experiencing and Re-imagining Ferghana Valley Boundary Closures', Political Geography 25 (2006) pp. 622–640.88. See: B. De Sousa Santos, 'Toward an Epistemology of Blindness. Why the New Forms of 'Ceremonial Adequacy' neither Regulate nor Emancipate', European Journal of Social Theory 4/3 (2001) pp. 251–279.89. S. Mezzadra and B. Neilson, Border as Method, or, the Multiplication of Labor (Durham: Duke University Press 2013) p. 17.90. Ibid., p. 17.91. Ibid., p. 18.92. Arendt (note 80).93. J. Derrida, 'A Word of Welcome', in J. Derrida, Adieu to Emmanuel Levinas (Stanford: Stanford University Press 1999) pp. 13–123.

Borders, Border Regions and Territoriality: Contradictory Meanings, Changing Significance

1999-10-01

James T. Anderson , Liam O’Dowd

ANDERSON J. and O'DOWD L. (1999) Borders, border regions and territoriality: contradictory meanings, changing significance, Reg. Studies 33 , 593-604. The meaning and significance of state borders, as well as … ANDERSON J. and O'DOWD L. (1999) Borders, border regions and territoriality: contradictory meanings, changing significance, Reg. Studies 33 , 593-604. The meaning and significance of state borders, as well as their geographical location, can change drastically over space and time. Along with their associated regions, they have competing and contradictory meanings, both material and symbolic. Their particularities require localized study but also wider contextualization. As a general response to peripherality, borders tend to generate questionable arbitrage activities, and their significance ultimately derives from territoriality as a general organizing principle of political and social life, one which changes over time. Borders and border regions are thus particularly revealing places for social research, especially in the present era of accelerated globalization, the end of the 'Cold War' and the growth of supra-state regions such as the European Union (EU) and the North American Free Trade Area (NAFTA). Much of the research literature suggests that bounded territorial units are declining in significance given the increased flows of capital, commodities, information and people across state borders. The key claims of states to control exit and entry and to monopolize the means of violence within fixed borders seem to be under threat. Social and communal boundaries are seen to be increasingly de-linked from territorial borders. Such propositions raise a series of questions concerning how and to what extent state borders and border regions are being re-made, re-negotiated and managed or mismanaged. The paper sketches this changing context for studies and comparisons of particular borders and border regions. ANDERSON J. et O'DOWD L. (1999) Les frontières, les régions frontalières et la notion de territoire: des significations contradictoires et une importance en pleine évolution, Reg. Studies 33 , 593-604. La signification et l'importance des frontières d'Etat, aussi bien que leur situation géographique, peuvent évoluer sensiblement sur l'espace et avec le temps. Conjointement avec leurs régions annexes, les frontières ont des significations à la fois opposées et contradictoires, et matérielles et symboliques. Leurs particularités nécessitent non seulement que l'on les étudie sur le plan local, mais aussi que l'on les relativise à plus grande échelle. Pour répondre de façon généralè a la notion de périphérie, les frontières ont tendance à engendrer des activités d'arbitrage douteuses, et, au bout du compte, leur importance provient de la notion de territoire comme un fondement de la vie politique et sociale qui évolue avec le temps. Il s'ensuit que les frontières et les régions frontalières sont révélatrices dans le domaine de la recherche sociale, notamment à l'heure de la mondialisation, de la fin de la guerre froide et de l'essor des régions supranationales, telles l'Union européenne (l'Ue) et la zone de libre-échange nord-américaine (la NAFTA). Une grande partie de la recherche laisse supposer que l'importance des territoires bien délimités diminue, étant donné la vitesse plus rapide de la circulation transfrontalière du capital, des marchandises, de l'information et des personnes. Il semble que les prétentions essentielles des Etats concernant le contrôle de l'entrée et de la sortie, et quant à la monopolisation des moyens de la violence au sein des frontières fixes, se voient remettre en question. De telles propositions font soulever les questions suivantes: comment et dans quelle mesure les frontières et les régions frontalières sont-elles refaites, renégociées et gérées ou mal gérées? L'article cherche aussi à esquisser ce contexte en voie de mutation pour ce qui est des études et des comparaisons des frontières et des régions frontalières particulières. ANDERSON J. und O'DOWD L. (1999) Staatsgrenzen, Grenzgebiete und Raumbedarf des Individuums: widersprüchliche Bedeutungen, sich wandelnde Signifikanz, Reg. Studies 33 , 593-604. Nicht nur der geographische Standort, sondern auch Bedeutung und Signifikanz staatlicher Grenzen können sich im Laufe der Zeit und des Raumes drastisch verändern. Materialistisch und symbolisch gesehen kommen ihnen und den dazugehörigen Regionen konkurrieren de und widersprüchliche Bedeutungen zu. Ihre Eigenheiten verlangen auf wenige Orte beschränkte Untersuchungen, aber auch Einordnung in größere Zusammenhänge. In allgemeiner Erwiderung auf ihre Randlage entwickeln Grenzen vielfach fragwürdige Arbitrageaktivitäten, und ihre Signifikanz leitet sich letzten Endes vom Raumbedarf des Individuums als allgemeinem Ordnungsprinzip politischen und sozialen Lebens ab, welches im Laufe der Zeit Änderungen unterworfen wird. Grenzen und Grenzgebiete sind daher besonders aufschlußreiche Orte für die Sozialforschung, besonders im gegenwärtigen Zeitalter beschleunigter Globalisierung, dem Ende des kalten Krieges und dem Aufkommen Staaten übergreifender Regionen wie der Europäischen Union (EU) und der Nordamerikanischen Freihandelszone (NAFTA). In der Fachliteratur wird oft davon gesprochen, daß angesichts der Tatsache vermehrter, Staatsgrenzen überschreitender Ströme von Kapital, Waren, Information und Menschen die Signifikanz fest abgegrenzter Gebietseinheiten abnimmt. Die Hauptansprüche von Staaten, Einreise in und Ausreise von dem Gebiet innerhalb der von ihnen selbst festgelegten Grenzen zu kontrollieren, und am, Monopol der Lizenzerteilung für Mittel der Gewaltanwendung festzuhalten, scheint bedroht zu sein. Gesellschaftliche und kommunale Abgrenzungen erweisen sich zunehmend als unabhängig von Gebietsgrenzen. Solche Aussagen werfen die Frage auf, wie und inwieweit Staatsgrenzen und Grenzgebiete erneut festgelegt, ausgehandelt, gut oder schlecht verwaltet werden. Der vorliegende Aufsatz skizziert diesen, im Wandel begriffenen, Zusammenhang für Untersuchungen und Vergleiche ausgewählter Grenzen und Grenzgebiete.

From ‘spaces of place’ to ‘spaces of flows’? Territorial and functional governance in cross‐border regions in Europe and North America

2004-09-01

Joachim Blatter

To what extent are we experiencing a transformation from ‘spaces of place’ to a ‘space of flows’ as proposed by Manuel Castells? Applying his thesis to the political system leads … To what extent are we experiencing a transformation from ‘spaces of place’ to a ‘space of flows’ as proposed by Manuel Castells? Applying his thesis to the political system leads to the following implications. Socio‐economic processes of ‘glocalization’ are undermining the gate‐keeper position of national governments. Furthermore, governance is becoming ‘deterritorialized’, an aspect which is characterized by Elkins as an ‘unbundling’ of identities and jurisdictions. But does this process of unbundling lead to a federal system of multi‐level governance where the national level is complemented by supranational and subnational levels of governance; or does it imply an even more radical transformation towards an architecture of governance which is characterized by a proliferation of single‐purpose governments with variable and flexible spatial scales? A final implication is the transformation from ‘government to governance’— which means a broader array of actors and changing modes of interaction. This article traces these theses by analysing institutions of governance in four cross‐border regions in Europe and North America. In all regions we indeed find many cross‐border networks and institutions undermining the national gate‐keeper position. In Europe, cross‐border collaboration is producing another soft, but institutionalized, comprehensive, stable and territorially‐defined layer in the European ‘multi‐level‐system’. In North America, by contrast, only informal, fluid, specific and non‐territorial institutions are evolving across national borders. Here, the territorially‐based nation state is not complemented by similar kinds of political institutions, but is instead being challenged more fundamentally by new kinds of institutions: transnational socio‐economic exchange networks and transnational ideological coalitions which embody enormous transformational power. In conclusion, cross‐border regional governance in Europe still follows the logic of ‘spaces of place’, whereas in North America quite different ‘spaces of flows’ are emerging as complementary logics of community and institution building. Jusqu'où s'exerce la transformation d'un ‘espace de lieux’ en ‘espace des flux’, comme le suggère Manuel Castells? L'application de cette théorie au système politique a plusieurs implications. Les processus socio‐économiques de ‘glocalisation’ désagrègent la position de garde‐barrière des gouvernements nationaux. De plus, la gouvernance se ‘déterritorialise’, phénomène qu'Elkins appelle la ‘séparation’ des identités et des domaines de compétence. Mais à quel type de gouvernance cette ‘séparation’ mène‐t‐elle: à un système fédéral à plusieurs niveaux où le plan national est complété de plans supra‐ et infra‐nationaux de gouvernance? ou à un changement plus radical vers une architecture caractérisée par une prolifération de gouvernements à finalité unique dont les échelles spatiales varient et s'adaptent? Une dernière conséquence est le passage de gouvernement à gouvernance, qui se traduit par une diversification des acteurs et de nouveaux modes d'interactions. L'article retrouve ces thèses en analysant des institutions de gouvernance dans quatre régions transfrontalières européennes et nord‐américaines. Dans toutes les régions, l'étude identifie en effet de nombreux réseaux et institutions transfrontaliers qui minent la position de garde‐barrière nationale. En Europe, la collaboration transfrontalière crée une strate souple, quoique institutionnalisée, étendue, stable et aux limites territoriales définies dans le ‘système européen à plusieurs niveaux’. En Amérique du Nord, en revanche, n'interviennent à travers les frontières que des institutions informelles, fluides, spécifiques et non‐territoriales; l'État‐nation lié au territoire n'est pas complété d'institutions politiques de types similaires, étant plutôt profondément mis en cause par des institutions d'un genre nouveau: réseaux d'échanges socio‐économiques et coalitions idéologiques transnationaux qui expriment une énorme dynamique de transformation. Pour conclure, la gouvernance régionale transfrontalière en Europe obéit encore à la logique des ‘espaces de lieux’ tandis qu'en Amérique du Nord, des ‘espaces de flux’ tout à fait différents apparaissent dans une logique complémentaire de construction de communautés et d'institutions.

Bounded spaces in the mobile world: Deconstructing ‘regional identity’

2002-05-01

Anssi Paasi

Regional identity has become an important category in the ‘Europe of regions’, and one that is often taken as self‐evident in the relations between a group of people and a … Regional identity has become an important category in the ‘Europe of regions’, and one that is often taken as self‐evident in the relations between a group of people and a bounded region. The movement of people, capital and information across spatial boundaries that takes place in the contemporary world challenges the supposed harmonious link between regions and people on all spatial scales. This paper analyses the meanings of region and identity, and the links between them. Regions are understood as historically contingent structures whose institutionalisation is based on their territorial, symbolic and institutional shaping. Regional identity is understood as an abstraction that can be used to analyse the links between social actors and the institutionalisation process. This paper suggests that an analytical distinction between the identity of a region and the regional identity of its inhabitants, i.e. regional consciousness, is useful for problematising these links. The conceptual arguments will be illustrated with analyses of identity discourses related to Finnish regions and of the mobility of the Finns between regions.

Borders on the mind: re-framing border thinking

2008-01-01

John Agnew

From one viewpoint, interstate borders are simple 'artefacts on the ground'. Borders exist for a variety of practical reasons and can be classified according to the purposes they serve and … From one viewpoint, interstate borders are simple 'artefacts on the ground'. Borders exist for a variety of practical reasons and can be classified according to the purposes they serve and how they serve them. They enable a whole host of important political, social, and economic activities. From a very different perspective, borders are artefacts of dominant discursive processes that have led to the fencing off of chunks of territory and people from one another. Such processes can change and as they do, borders live on as residual phenomena that may still capture our imagination but no longer serve any essential purpose. Yet, what if, although still necessary for all sorts of reasons, borders are also inherently problematic? We need to change the way in which we think about borders to openly acknowledge their equivocal character. In other words, we need to see a border not as that which is either fixed or that as such must be overcome, but as an evolving construction that has both practical merits and demerits that must be constantly reweighed. Thinking about borders should be opened up to consider territorial spaces as 'dwelling' rather than national spaces and to see political responsibility for pursuit of a 'decent life' as extending beyond the borders of any particular state. Borders matter, then, both because they have real effects and because they trap thinking about and acting in the world in territorial terms.

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Territories, boundaries and consciousness: the changing geographies of the Finnish-Russian border

1997-10-01

TERRITORIES AND BOUNDARIES IN REGIONAL TRANSFORMATION. Regional Transformation and the Other. Territories, Boundaries and the Discourse on Political Geography. Time, Space and Consciousness: Constructing Nationalism and Communicating Boundaries. Methodological Contexts. … TERRITORIES AND BOUNDARIES IN REGIONAL TRANSFORMATION. Regional Transformation and the Other. Territories, Boundaries and the Discourse on Political Geography. Time, Space and Consciousness: Constructing Nationalism and Communicating Boundaries. Methodological Contexts. THE INSTITUTIONALIZATION OF THE FINNISH TERRITORY. Nationalism, Geopolitics and Changing Territories: The Case of Finland. The Changing Socio--Spatial Consciousness. Signifying Territoriality: The Changing Roles of the Finnish--Russian Boundary. TOWARDS LOCAL EXPERIENCE. Place, Boundary and the Construction of Local Experience. Regional Transformation on the Local Scale: The Institutionalization of Vartsila. Back to Karelia. Epilogue: Towards a Global Sense of Place. Appendix. References. Indexes.

The Geopolitics of Borders and Boundaries

2005-12-01

Henk van Houtum

(2005). The Geopolitics of Borders and Boundaries. Geopolitics: Vol. 10, No. 4, pp. 672-679. (2005). The Geopolitics of Borders and Boundaries. Geopolitics: Vol. 10, No. 4, pp. 672-679.

Regional Advantage: Culture and Competition in Silicon Valley and Route 128

1995-03-01

Alfred D. Chandler , AnnaLee Saxenian

Borders: frontiers of identity, nation and state

2000-06-01

Hastings Donnan , Thomas Wilson

Borders are where wars start, as Primo Levi once wrote. But they are also bridges - that is, sites for ongoing cultural exchange. Anyone studying how nations and states maintain … Borders are where wars start, as Primo Levi once wrote. But they are also bridges - that is, sites for ongoing cultural exchange. Anyone studying how nations and states maintain distinct identities while adapting to new ideas and experiences knows that borders provide particularly revealing windows for the analysis of 'self' and 'other'. In representing invisible demarcations between nations and peoples who may have much or very little in common, borders exert a powerful influence and define how people think as well as what they do. Without borders, whether physical or symbolic, nationalism could not exist, nor could borders exist without nationalism. Surprisingly, there have been very few systematic or concerted efforts to review the experiences of nation and state at the local level of borders. Drawing on examples from the US and Mexico, Northern Ireland, Israel and Palestine, Spain and Morocco, as well as various parts of Southeast Asia and Africa, this timely book offers a comparative perspective on culture at state boundaries. The authors examine the role of the state, ethnicity, transnationalism, border symbols, rituals and identity in an effort to understand how nationalism informs attitudes and behaviour at local, national and international levels. Soldiers, customs agents, smugglers, tourists, athletes, shoppers, and prostitutes all provide telling insights into the power relations of everyday life and what these relations say about borders. This overview of the importance of borders to the construction of identity and culture will be an essential text for students and scholars in anthropology, sociology, political science, geography, nationalism and immigration studies.

A Companion to Border Studies

2012-05-22

Tracing Mobilities: Towards a Cosmopolitan Perspective

2009-05-01

Guy Ankerl

The Geopolitics of China’s Maritime Silk Road Initiative

2017-04-03

Jean‐Marc F. Blanchard , Colin Flint

China’s “One Belt, One Road” project is comprised of two components: the Maritime Silk Road Initiative (MSRI) and the Silk Road Economic Belt (SREB)—that were announced separately in 2013. Each … China’s “One Belt, One Road” project is comprised of two components: the Maritime Silk Road Initiative (MSRI) and the Silk Road Economic Belt (SREB)—that were announced separately in 2013. Each component has the potential to transform the global geopolitical landscape through the construction of interrelated infrastructure projects including ports, highways, railways and pipelines. Such hard infrastructure requires the complementary construction of soft infrastructure, such as free trade and investment agreements, and other accords. We introduce a special section focusing specifically on the geopolitics of the MSRI that stems from a workshop hosted in November 2015 in Shanghai. The origins, scope and content of the MSRI are described, along with a summary of the current literature discussing the project, and dominant geopolitical representations. The MSRI is a geopolitical project that involves a number of actors (governments, private companies and Chinese state-owned enterprises) at a number of geographic scales (cities, provinces, states and continents). Arrghi’s twin logics of territorial and economic power help frame and connect the papers of the special section to illustrate the complexity and dynamism of the geopolitics of the MSRI. The articles provide insights into the geopolitics of a large connectivity project.

Cross-Border Regions in Europe

2003-04-01

Markus Perkmann

The 1990s have seen a strong surge in the number of cross-border regions all over Western and Eastern Europe. The article analyses the emergence of these local cross-border institutions in … The 1990s have seen a strong surge in the number of cross-border regions all over Western and Eastern Europe. The article analyses the emergence of these local cross-border institutions in public governance by addressing their context, dimensions and causal underpinnings. First, it offers a brief background on the history of cross-border regions in Europe and related EU policies to support them. Second, it provides a conceptual definition of cross-border regions and their various forms and positions within the wider context of other transnational regional networks. Third, it analyses the empirical dimensions of European cross-border regions, including their frequency, geographic distribution and development over time. It concludes by linking cross-border regions and their various forms to institutional conditions in specific countries as well as the effects of European regional policy. It is argued that small-scale cross-border regions have flourished in particular because of their increasingly relevant role as implementation units for European regional policy in a context of multi-level governance.

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Policy Entrepreneurship and Multilevel Governance: A Comparative Study of European Cross-Border Regions

2007-11-20

Markus Perkmann

The author addresses the recent proliferation of cross-border regions, or ‘Euroregions’, in Europe. It is argued that EU multilevel governance patterns generate opportunities for entrepreneurial policy organisations to attract policy … The author addresses the recent proliferation of cross-border regions, or ‘Euroregions’, in Europe. It is argued that EU multilevel governance patterns generate opportunities for entrepreneurial policy organisations to attract policy tasks and resources. This is conceptualised as policy entrepreneurship and applied to a comparative case-study analysis of three Euroregions: EUREGIO (Germany – Netherlands), Viadrina (Poland – Germany), and Tyrol Euroregion (Austria – Italy). The analysis focuses on the ability of these initiatives to establish themselves as autonomous organisations. It finds considerable variation across the cases in this respect. Following on from this, the paper shows how administrative and institutional environments in different EU member states affect the ability of Euroregions to engage in policy entrepreneurship. It is concluded that it is premature to perceive Euroregions as new types of regional territorial entities; rather, they are part of the policy-innovation scenario enabled by EU multilevel governance.

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The wall around the West : state borders and immigration controls in North America and Europe

2000-01-01

Peter Andreas , Timothy Snyder

Part 1 Historical and Comparative Perspectives Chapter 2 The Wall after the Wall Chapter 3 The Transformation of Border Controls: A European Precedent? Chapter 4 States and the Regulation of … Part 1 Historical and Comparative Perspectives Chapter 2 The Wall after the Wall Chapter 3 The Transformation of Border Controls: A European Precedent? Chapter 4 States and the Regulation of Migration in the Twentieth Century North Atlantic World Chapter 5 Comparative Perspectives on Migration Control: Away from the Border and Outside the State Part 6 US Border Controls Chapter 7 The Political Costs of State Power: Border Control in South Florida Chapter 8 The Remaking of the California-Mexico Boundary in the Age of NAFTA Chapter The Logic a 9 The Logic and Contradictions of Intensified Border Enforcement in Texas Chapter 10 US Border Controls: A Mexican Perspective Part 11 European Border Controls Chapter 12 Gatekeeper for the EU: The Predicament of Eastern Europe Chapter 13 Rio Odra, Rio Buh: Poland, Germany, and the Borders of Twenty-First Century Europe Chapter 14 Border Controls and the Politics of EU Enlargement Chapter 15 The Mobility Money Can Buy: Human Smuggling and Border Control in the European Union Chapter 16 The Wall around the West Chapter 17

930 — Urban and regional economics

2002-05-01

The intercultural city: planning for diversity advantage

2008-10-01

Territories, Boundaries and Consciousness: The Changing Geographies of the Finnish-Russian Border

1996-01-01

John Agnew , Anssi Paasi

Managing across borders: The transnational solution

1990-08-01

Klassenfahrt Usedom / Wald und Küste in Zinnowitz

2018-01-01

Registry-Migration.Gbif.Org

This dataset holds the observations recorded during the GEO Biodiversity Day "Klassenfahrt Usedom / Wald und Küste in Zinnowitz" in Greifswald This dataset holds the observations recorded during the GEO Biodiversity Day "Klassenfahrt Usedom / Wald und Küste in Zinnowitz" in Greifswald

Border Identities

1998-01-22

Thomas Wilson , Hastings Donnan

This book offers fresh insights into the complex and various ways in which international frontiers influence cultural identities. The ten anthropological case studies collected here describe specific international borders in … This book offers fresh insights into the complex and various ways in which international frontiers influence cultural identities. The ten anthropological case studies collected here describe specific international borders in Europe, Asia, Africa and North America, and bring out the importance of boundary politics, and the diverse forms that it may take. The frontier itself may be of great symbolic importance; in other cases the symbolism lies rather in the disappearance of the traditional border. A frontier may be above all a barrier against immigration, or the front line between hostile armies. It may reinforce distinctive identities on each side of it, or the frontier may be disputed because it cuts across national identities. Drawing on anthropological perspectives, the book explores how cultural landscapes intersect with political boundaries, and ways in which state power informs cultural identity.

The obsolescence of regional integration theory

1975-01-01

Ernst B. Haas

Ordination and Classification of Communities

1973-01-01

R. H. Whittaker

Revisiting Huntington: The Morocco-Ceuta-Melilla Border Wall as a Clash of Civilizations Symbol

2025-06-25

Nouh Alaoui Mhamdi , Ouafae Razzouk | Journal of political science and international relationship.

This article critically reexamines the transformation of border politics in the post–Cold War global order by analysing the Spanish enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla, which have transitioned from military bastions … This article critically reexamines the transformation of border politics in the post–Cold War global order by analysing the Spanish enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla, which have transitioned from military bastions into crucial nodes of migratory regulation and economic exchange. It posits that these fortified frontiers, traditionally regarded solely as pragmatic security measures, simultaneously function as civilisational apparatuses that demarcate and accentuate racially and economically defined dichotomies between northern and southern geopolitical spheres. By incorporating Huntington’s theoretical framework, the study advocates for a broader application of his analytical tools in explicating the multifarious interplay between racial identities, economic imperatives, and state security concerns that collectively shape modern border governance. Through a meticulous interrogation of historical legacies, encompassing colonial subjugation, successive political manoeuvrings, and evolving trade practices, the article reveals that these borders, far from being mere physical dividers, serve as potent symbols of ideological partition that sustain enduring disparities. The research further scrutinises the reconfigurations in migratory policies and cross-border exchanges in light of recent diplomatic negotiations and geopolitical shifts, thereby offering a critical reinterpretation of conventional notions of border permeability. Ultimately, the study contends that an expansive utilisation of Huntington’s framework not only enriches our comprehension of international security and national identity but also facilitates a more incisive understanding of how racially and economically charged interpretations of borders continue to influence the persistent contestation between the global north and south.

Hacia una cartografía de la cooperación transfronteriza en América Latina: la experiencia de la ARFE en mapas

2025-06-24

Juan Manuel Trillo Santamaría , Martín Guillermo Ramírez , Roberto Vila-Lage | Geopolítica(s) Revista de estudios sobre espacio y poder

Las experiencias de cooperación territorial entre entidades subestatales que comparten una frontera internacional, lo que conocemos como cooperación transfronteriza, existen, en mayor o menor medida, en todas las regiones mundiales. … Las experiencias de cooperación territorial entre entidades subestatales que comparten una frontera internacional, lo que conocemos como cooperación transfronteriza, existen, en mayor o menor medida, en todas las regiones mundiales. Sin duda, el caso europeo es el que ha concentrado el número de experiencias de mayor éxito, debido particularmente a que se enmarca en la política de cohesión territorial financiada por la UE. Existen, no obstante, otros contextos regionales que cuentan con múltiples experiencias de interés, a distintas escalas e intensidad, como es el caso de América Latina. La literatura académica ha identificado una laguna en la investigación en el sentido de que se precisa alcanzar un inventario exhaustivo de estas experiencias en el contexto latinoamericano. Reaccionando a esta llamada, este artículo tiene como objetivo principal ofrecer una cartografía de la cooperación transfronteriza en América Latina a partir de la experiencia de la ARFE. La investigación se sustenta en el análisis de 29 proyectos en los que ha participado la ARFE desde 2010, que ha generado más de 40 mapas. Los resultados se discuten en relación con las propuestas de tipologías de experiencias identificadas en la teoría, y se ofrecen instrumentos de análisis que permiten ulteriores trabajos comparativos.

Border Memory and the Politics of Territoriality in the Russian-Finnish Borderland

2025-06-24

Ekaterina Melnikova | Nationalities Papers

Abstract The article is concerned with contemporary changes in the spatialization of the Russian-Finnish borderland as an example of re-bordering politics. The main material is a long-term ethnographic study in … Abstract The article is concerned with contemporary changes in the spatialization of the Russian-Finnish borderland as an example of re-bordering politics. The main material is a long-term ethnographic study in the territory of former Finnish Karelia, ceded by Finland to the Soviet Union following World War II. By extending the historical context of bilateral relations between the USSR (later Russia) and Finland, the article questions the implications of changing international relations regimes for situational forms of borderwork. The article contributes to the debate on contemporary border practices and the contradictory effects of foreign diplomacy by combining institutional and situational approaches to border territoriality and by focusing on border memory and heritage as resources of local identity and instruments of soft power. Examining the successive shifts of de- and re-bordering regimes in the Russian-Finnish borderlands from the late Soviet period to the present, the article demonstrates the unforeseen impact of foreign relations on local life and memory.

COOPERATION OF BORDER SERVICES WITH LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS AT THE BORDER CROSSING IN MEDYKA IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF ARMED CONFLICT

2025-06-24

Małgorzata Orłowska , Dawid Orłowski , Małgorzata Chackiewicz | Zeszyty Naukowe SGSP

<ns3:p>The article addresses the issue of cooperation between border services (the Border Guard and theNational Revenue Administration) and local government units in the area of the Medyka bordercrossing in the … <ns3:p>The article addresses the issue of cooperation between border services (the Border Guard and theNational Revenue Administration) and local government units in the area of the Medyka bordercrossing in the context of the armed conflict in Ukraine. The paper is theoretical in nature andconstitutes part of a broader research project, the results of which have been divided into two separateand independent scientific articles. Part I was published in this journal, Scientific Reports of the FireUniversity (Zeszyty Naukowe SGSP), under the title: “Customs and border systems on the externalborder of the EU on the example of the border crossing in Medyka – legal and economic aspects”,issue No. (93), 2.The analytical section primarily employs the legal analysis method, focusing on the applicableregulations and the mechanisms of cooperation between the indicated institutions. Additionally, theauthors refer to selected results of empirical research conducted using the diagnostic survey method,concerning the impact of the influx of war refugees on the socio-economic situation of local governmentunits and the level of residents’ sense of security after the outbreak of the war in Ukraine. The obtainedresults highlight both difficulties and good practices observed at the local level, particularly inmunicipalities located in the immediate vicinity of the European Union’s external border.</ns3:p>

Democratisation of space

2025-06-24

Arne Sönnichsen | Edward Elgar Publishing eBooks

Regional cooperation, geoeconomics and connectivity

2025-06-23

Ajay Patnaik | Central Asia

Rethinking Regional Attractiveness in the Polish region of Łódzkie

2025-06-23

| OECD regional development papers

Rethinking Regional Attractiveness in the Polish region of Lubelskie

2025-06-23

| OECD regional development papers

Programy cezhraničnej spolupráce ako nástroj rozvoja cestovného ruchu

2025-06-19

Diana Kvasnová , Jana Blaščáková | Ekonomika a spoločnosť

Tourism is a factor in regional development and, as an important sector of the economy, also has positive effects on other areas of the national economy. Border regions within the … Tourism is a factor in regional development and, as an important sector of the economy, also has positive effects on other areas of the national economy. Border regions within the European Union make significant contributions to the socio-economic well-being of Europe. The aim of this paper is to identify the impact of a selected cross-border cooperation program of the European Union on the development of tourism in Slovakia. The methodology is based on a literature review and secondary data analysis. The implemented selected cross-border cooperation program contributed to the preservation and promotion of cultural heritage and the development of tourism included cultural events, educational workshops, the restoration of monuments, the creation of virtual tours and the establishment of walking and cycling routes. The program and its activities are evaluated based on the predefined criteria and the value of these joint cross-border projects lies in their ability to present cultural heritage to a wider audience of potential visitors.

Lob der Differenz zwischen Städten

2025-06-19

Martina Löw | Urban studies

Geopolitics and Memorialisation of Borders

2025-06-19

Victor Konrad , Paul Richardson , Eeva‐Kaisa Prokkola +7 more | Geopolitics

Maaseutumatkailun ja -asumisen rajamailla: maaseudun elinvoimaisuutta tukevia matkailuilmiöitä

2025-06-19

Rositsa Röntynen , Saila Valkeaniemi | Maaseutututkimus

Nykymatkailijat etsivät yhä enemmän aitoja kokemuksia lähellä paikallisyhteisöjä. Tässä korostavat luonnon ja hyvinvoinnin trendit, joita koronapandemia kiihdytti. Maaseutu tarjoaa näille elämyksille otolliset puitteet. Matkailijat ja paikalliset hyödyntävät usein samoja infrastruktuuria … Nykymatkailijat etsivät yhä enemmän aitoja kokemuksia lähellä paikallisyhteisöjä. Tässä korostavat luonnon ja hyvinvoinnin trendit, joita koronapandemia kiihdytti. Maaseutu tarjoaa näille elämyksille otolliset puitteet. Matkailijat ja paikalliset hyödyntävät usein samoja infrastruktuuria ja palveluita – tämä yhteiskäyttö voi osaltaan vahvistaa alueen elinvoimaisuutta ja lisätä paikallista hyvinvointia. Nykyisen kompleksisen maailman monet ilmiöt, kuten vapaaehtoismatkailu, monipaikkaisuus, diginomadisuus ja bleisure, eivät aina sovi perinteisiin matkailumääritelmiin kestonsa, tarkoituksensa tai sisältönsä vuoksi, mutta ne vaikuttavat merkittävästi matkailuun. Nämä ilmiöt voivat edistää maaseudun elinvoimaisuutta, mutta niiden täysimääräinen hyödyntäminen vaatii lisäpanostusta ja vakiinnuttamista. Tämä artikkeli liittyy valtakunnalliseen Rural Finland Tourism Hub -hankkeeseen, jonka tavoitteena on lisätä ymmärrystä maaseutumatkailun tilasta pandemian jälkeisessä ajassa: miten edellä mainitut matkailuilmiöt voivat edistää maaseutualueiden elinvoimaisuutta?

Border Praxeology. Linking Border Studies to Practice Theories

2025-06-18

Ulla Connor | Journal of Borderlands Studies

Recursos léxicos y conceptuales para identificar y delimitar diferencias entre lo transfronterizo y lo fronterizo

2025-06-17

Alejandro Benedetti | ESTUDIOS FRONTERIZOS

El artículo explora los conceptos de frontera y transfronterizo dentro de la fronterología, mediante el análisis de su evolución léxica y conceptual. Se destaca la importancia de distinguir entre frontera … El artículo explora los conceptos de frontera y transfronterizo dentro de la fronterología, mediante el análisis de su evolución léxica y conceptual. Se destaca la importancia de distinguir entre frontera y transfronterizo. Se examinan prefijos como trans-, cis-, inter-, y circun- para construir neologismos que describen diversas relaciones espaciales, considerado el elemento clave para comprender lo transfronterizo. Asimismo, se enfatiza la necesidad de un enfoque multiescalar y multidimensional para comprender la complejidad de las relaciones que se articulan a partir de la frontera, que sugieren que son procesos en constante redefinición.

Geopolitics as Architecture: Parallax Nation-‘Building’ in the Czech Lands

2025-06-16

Jaroslav Weinfurter | Geopolitics

Chapter 7 – Cultural Landscape of the Polish-German Borderland in Literary Regional Studies (Example:Winescape)

2025-06-15

Małgorzata Mikołajczak | V&R unipress eBooks

Regional konkurransekraft

2025-06-13

| Scandinavian University Press eBooks

Toisenlaista tietoa rajamaalta

2025-06-13

Jussi Onnismaa | Aikuiskasvatus

Reunamerkintöjä on rikas ja kiehtova kuvaus tuntemattomasta itäisestä maakunnasta – ja samalla Euroopasta. Ville-Juhani Sutinen esittää kirjassaan, että rajamaan perustila on kaaos, ja siellä vallankäyttö voi olla joko olematonta tai … Reunamerkintöjä on rikas ja kiehtova kuvaus tuntemattomasta itäisestä maakunnasta – ja samalla Euroopasta. Ville-Juhani Sutinen esittää kirjassaan, että rajamaan perustila on kaaos, ja siellä vallankäyttö voi olla joko olematonta tai poikkeuksellisen tiukkaa. Matkustaen ja kirjallisuuden avulla hän etsii kahden maailmansodan alle jäänyttä Eurooppaa rajamaalta: milloin minkäkin sotajoukon tallaamasta ja milloin millekin valtakunnalle kuuluneesta Galitsiasta. Alue sijaitsee Krakovan ja nykyisen Ukrainan Lvivin välissä.

What comparative analysis can tell us about transboundary cooperation challenges in China’s Greater Bay Area

2025-06-11

Alexander B. Murphy | Area Development and Policy

Comparative analysis of memorial oeconyms and urbanonyms of the Kaliningrad region in historical and linguistic context

2025-06-10

Olga V. Peteshova | Neophilology

INTRODUCTION. The purpose of the research is to compare renaming campaigns of the settlements and streets in the former northern part of East Prussia that formed the Kaliningrad region The … INTRODUCTION. The purpose of the research is to compare renaming campaigns of the settlements and streets in the former northern part of East Prussia that formed the Kaliningrad region The focus is on those that either on the original German maps or on the new Soviet maps carry the names of prominent figures from the two respective cultures under consideration. MATERIALS AND METHODS . While examining 2497 decrees on renaming settlements and 1000 decrees on renaming streets in these settlements, 642 memorial oeconyms and 674 memorial urbanonyms have been identified and consequently subjected to a comparative semantic analysis. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION . It is presented that after the renaming the number of memorial oeconym has significantly increased, while the number of memorial urbanonyms remained essentially unchanged. As a result of the renaming dedications to entrepreneurs disappear from the maps, while the number of toponyms derived from the names of military personnel increases. Both spheres compared are characterized by the tendency to immortalize Soviet people on the background of a certain part of nominations formed from surnames of Russian and even Foreign cultural figures. While the original toponymic material is dominated by urbanonyms in honor of local celebrities, the new one, on the contrary, more often associates oikonyms with the culture of the region. The repetition of surnames in the base of onyms is peculiar to both studied time periods and both classes of toponyms. CONCLUSION. It is concluded that similarities prevail over differences in all points of comparison.

The External State-Building Function of Paradiplomacy

2025-06-10

Fritz Nganje | The Hague Journal of Diplomacy

Abstract In this article, I use the case of cross-border co-operation between South African subnational governments and the Kingdom of Lesotho to show how paradiplomacy can fulfil an external sovereign … Abstract In this article, I use the case of cross-border co-operation between South African subnational governments and the Kingdom of Lesotho to show how paradiplomacy can fulfil an external sovereign state-building function. The role of economic development and effective border management in inspiring and determining subnational cross-border activities on this borderline should not be underestimated. However, a closer examination suggests that paradiplomacy in these borderlands cannot be understood outside the framework of Lesotho’s precarious and highly dependent statehood. Drawing mainly on key informant interviews with officials and other stakeholders, I argue that cross-border paradiplomacy in this context should be seen as more than just a housekeeping or region-building imperative. Consistent with the social contract model of state-building, cross-border co-operation between Lesotho and neighbouring South African subnational governments can be interpreted as a legitimacy-boosting strategy that affords the beleaguered state external avenues to provide for the socio-economic needs of its citizens.

Planning and practice of the Polish-Czech transborder road network development: From ineffective top-down plans to bottom-up lack of coordination?

2025-06-03

Marek Furmankiewicz , Krzysztof Buryło , Ivo Dostál +3 more | European Spatial Research and Policy

In this article, the authors analyse the development policy of the major road network in the Polish-Czech border areas in 1958–2024. The methodology of content analysis covering historical bila-teral and … In this article, the authors analyse the development policy of the major road network in the Polish-Czech border areas in 1958–2024. The methodology of content analysis covering historical bila-teral and European planning documents and GIS spatial analysis of access to border areas via roads crossing the border. The analyses have shown: (1) dominance of political and expert planning, without the use of scientific network models; (2) decentralisation of planning and resignation from common documents; (3) prioritising east-west connections and disregarding the north-south European ones; and (4) the greatest increase in border permeability only after the elimination of permanent border controls within the EU Schengen Area since 2007, but mainly due to the opening of historical roads.

La Eurociudad Vasca: una iniciativa pionera de cooperación interurbana transfronteriza en punto muerto

2025-05-30

Juan Manuel Trillo Santamaría , Alexander Amado , Valeríà Paül i Carril | Documents d Anàlisi Geogràfica

La Eurociudad Vasca Baiona-Donostia se conforma como la primera experiencia de cooperación transfronteriza bajo el concepto de eurociudad. Pese a su carácter pionero, después de más de tres décadas, se … La Eurociudad Vasca Baiona-Donostia se conforma como la primera experiencia de cooperación transfronteriza bajo el concepto de eurociudad. Pese a su carácter pionero, después de más de tres décadas, se constata un estado de inactividad y escaso impacto territorial. Sobre esta base, y a partir de entrevistas semiestructuradas, se exploran las causas de la situación actual. Los testimonios recabados se estructuran en tres bloques de contenidos: origen y desarrollo de la Eurociudad Vasca; problemáticas y obstáculos identificados, y perspectivas de futuro y posibles soluciones. Estos resultados son contrastados con las referencias generadas acerca de las áreas urbanas (trans)fronterizas y, en particular, las eurociudades hispano-portuguesas. El artículo apunta a la idoneidad de la escala interurbana transfronteriza en términos de cooperación, a pesar de los desafíos detectados en el caso específico.

Differentiated approach as a key principle in shaping and implementing regional policy regarding border areas

2025-05-29

V.V. Lazareva , Natalia Vlasova | Regional Economics Theory and Practice

Subject. This article discusses the issues of development of Russia's border regions and new geopolitical challenges for the country. Objectives. The article aims to justify the necessity to use a … Subject. This article discusses the issues of development of Russia's border regions and new geopolitical challenges for the country. Objectives. The article aims to justify the necessity to use a differentiated approach to solving economic problems of border areas and ensuring their security. Methods. For the study, we used comparative and systems analyses. Results. The article finds that the necessity for a differentiated approach to the formation of regional policy regarding border areas is determined by factors such as changes in the priorities of spatial development and the country's foreign policy course. Conclusions. A differentiated approach to the development of border areas will contribute to improving their attractiveness and competitiveness, strengthening national security, and improving the quality of life for the population.

Continental ASEAN: The complex geopolitical landscapes requiring cross-border cooperation

2025-05-29

Wiwatana Tanomkiat | The ASEAN Journal of Radiology

Trilateral cooperation between China, Thailand and Myanmar against transnational crimes was witnessed starting from February. Thailand limited electricity, fuel, and internet access at five Myanmar sites with which were confirmed … Trilateral cooperation between China, Thailand and Myanmar against transnational crimes was witnessed starting from February. Thailand limited electricity, fuel, and internet access at five Myanmar sites with which were confirmed to be centers of cybercrimes. The central Myanmar government limited fuel to these sites, implemented stricter border management to hinder scam operators from fleeing Myanmar, and transferred the victims, primarily Chinese, to Thailand. Comprehensive knowledge and proven methodologies, focusing on pollution monitoring enhancement and ambitious reduction strategies that have already transformed Beijing's skyline from grey to clear, will be transferred to Bangkok. In March, a massive earthquake originating from Mandalay killed more than 3,700 people and caused major damage in Myanmar. Bangkok was shaken and the new State Audit Office (SAO) building collapsed, killing 96 workers, while other buildings remained intact. Thai media highlighted the role of Thai-Chinese joint venture companies that were involved the project. Evidence and testimony from experts suggested the building plan did not meet standards and codes. The police charged 17 directors, contractors, nominees, engineers and architects from Thai and Chinese companies with the felony of professional negligence causing death. In April, Thailand reported 4 anthrax cases in a province along Thailand-Laos border. Across the Mekong River, Laos reported anthrax infections in 2024 and Vietnam reported cases in 2023 underscoring the porous nature of zoonotic disease transmission across the region.

Digital Transformation of Territorial Collectivities Services between the Necessity of Society and the Challenges of Reality: A Cas Study of the M’diq Collectivity

2025-05-28

Ayoub Lahlouh , Nisserine Ben Driss , Khalid Boussaboun +1 more | International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science

This study examines the digital transformation of public services in territorial collectivities in Morocco, with a specific focus on the M’diq Collectivity as a case study. The research investigates the … This study examines the digital transformation of public services in territorial collectivities in Morocco, with a specific focus on the M’diq Collectivity as a case study. The research investigates the tensions between societal demands for modernized services and the challenges faced in implementing effective digital governance. Through a mixed-methods approach combining quantitative surveys (n=300) and qualitative interviews with key stakeholders, the study reveals significant gaps between digital transformation objectives and implementation realities. Despite national digitalization initiatives, the M’diq Collectivity faces substantial challenges including inadequate technological infrastructure, insufficient budget allocation (only 15% of technical budget dedicated to acquiring equipment), aging workforce (79% recruited before 2000), and low digital literacy among administrative staff. These limitations have hindered service delivery efficiency, with 55% of digital service requests taking over a month to process, mirroring traditional service timeframes. However, the research indicates high readiness among citizens, with 97% using smartphones and 73% demonstrating awareness of digital transactions. The findings suggest that while digital transformation frameworks exist theoretically, practical implementation remains problematic due to systemic administrative vulnerabilities, resistance to change, and limited technical capacity. This creates a paradoxical situation where digital services, intended to enhance governance, fail to improve service quality despite user preference for digital interactions (78% prefer electronic administration). This research contributes to the discourse on e-governance in developing regions by highlighting the complex interplay between administrative capabilities, technological infrastructure, and citizen engagement. The study provides valuable insights for policymakers seeking to bridge the gap between digital transformation aspirations and practical implementation in territorial governance across Africa.

Conclusion to Global City Diplomacy and International Law

2025-05-28

Agnieszka Szpak | Edward Elgar Publishing eBooks

Introduction to Global City Diplomacy and International Law

2025-05-28

Agnieszka Szpak | Edward Elgar Publishing eBooks

International city networks as a tool for implementing and creating international law

2025-05-28

Agnieszka Szpak | Edward Elgar Publishing eBooks

Scianna, B. M., & Lukas, S. (Hrsg.). (2024). Der Nahe Osten in einer globalisierten Welt. Entwicklungslinien, Gegensätze, Herausforderungen.

2025-05-27

Dorthe Siegmund

Grenzüberschreitend mobil; Öffentlicher Verkehr im deutsch-polnisch-tschechischen Verflechtungsraum

2025-05-26

Moritz Filter

Border and Bordering Practices in an EU “Buffer Zone”: The Case of Serbia

2025-05-23

Marija Pavicevic | Current issues in migration research

The geographical expansion of the EU migration policies toward candidate countries in the Western Balkans is reshaping perceptions of borders—both as physical realities and socio-political constructs. Drawing on insights from … The geographical expansion of the EU migration policies toward candidate countries in the Western Balkans is reshaping perceptions of borders—both as physical realities and socio-political constructs. Drawing on insights from the Critical Border Studies (CBS) framework, this article explores the externalization of migration and border management in the Western Balkans, with a particular focus on Serbia's central position along the Balkan route. It examines Serbia's role in border and migration governance beyond the asymmetrical dynamics of the EU accession process, considering the political and economic advantages of its 'buffer zone' status—where it safeguards the EU’s external borders while leveraging this position as a tool of migration diplomacy.

Border(ing)s. A Border-Studies Perspective

2025-05-23

Christian Wille | Current issues in migration research

In both migration studies and border studies, borders are often unquestioned and taken for granted. Increasingly, however, borders are seen as resulting from or resulting in processes and ‘performing’ as … In both migration studies and border studies, borders are often unquestioned and taken for granted. Increasingly, however, borders are seen as resulting from or resulting in processes and ‘performing’ as powerful agents. Therefore, in this paper, I discuss the border – or, more precisely, the process of bordering – as a common object of research, breaking it down into two steps from a border-studies perspective. First, I approach border(ing)s from different angles relevant to migration studies in order to illustrate how borders can be thought of and understood processually. Using this approach as a basis, I then discuss the epistemological bordering turn and its further developments from a conceptual point of view and present selected approaches to border(ing)s. I then show that progressive border studies no longer assume borders to be marginal conditions of the research setting but rather places them at the center of interest as composite structures. In doing so, migration studies and border studies will not be played off against each other but rather brought into a fruitful dialogue.