Social Sciences › Geography, Planning and Development

Pacific and Southeast Asian Studies

Works Count: 59444

Wikipedia

Description

This cluster of papers explores the human settlement and impact on the Pacific Islands, focusing on topics such as Polynesian colonization, agricultural development, environmental changes, genetic diversity, and cultural history. It delves into the complex interactions between early human societies and island ecosystems, shedding light on the prehistoric migration patterns and environmental impact of Pacific settlement.

Keywords

Pacific Islands; settlement; archaeology; agriculture; environmental impact; genetic diversity; Polynesian colonization; prehistoric migration; island ecosystems; cultural history

The Northern Tribes of Central Australia

1904-08-27

Walter Baldwin Spencer

Selected Essays B.S. Turner 368pp Custom and Myth A. Lang 320pp The Making of Religion A. Lang 384pp Anthropological Religion Max Mueller 496pp Lectures on the Origin and Growth of … Selected Essays B.S. Turner 368pp Custom and Myth A. Lang 320pp The Making of Religion A. Lang 384pp Anthropological Religion Max Mueller 496pp Lectures on the Origin and Growth of Religion Max Mueller and Friedrich Mueller 496pp Lectures on the Religion of the Semites W. Robertson Smith 512pp The Threshold of Religion R.R. Marett Primitive Religion R.H. Lowrie 368pp

The Origins of Plant Cultivation and Domestication in the New World Tropics

2011-10-01

Dolores R. Piperno

The New World tropical forest is now considered to be an early and independent cradle of agriculture. As in other areas of the world, our understanding of this issue has … The New World tropical forest is now considered to be an early and independent cradle of agriculture. As in other areas of the world, our understanding of this issue has been significantly advanced by a steady stream of archaeobotanical, paleoecological, and molecular/genetic data. Also importantly, a renewed focus on formulating testable theories and explanations for the transition from foraging to food production has led to applications from subdisciplines of ecology, economy, and evolution not previously applied to agricultural origins. Most recently, the integration of formerly separated disciplines, such as developmental and evolutionary biology, is causing reconsiderations of how novel phenotypes, including domesticated species, originate and the influence of artificial selection on the domestication process. It is becoming clear that the more interesting question may be the origins of plant cultivation rather than the origins of agriculture. This paper reviews this body of evidence and assesses current views about how and why domestication and plant food production arose.

Making peoples: a history of the New Zealanders, from Polynesian settlement to the end of the nineteenth century

1997-06-01

James Belich

Making Maori: the prehistory of New Zealand hunters and gardeners the rise of the tribes life before history. Contact and empire: the European discovery of New Zealand the Maori discovery … Making Maori: the prehistory of New Zealand hunters and gardeners the rise of the tribes life before history. Contact and empire: the European discovery of New Zealand the Maori discovery of Europe fatal impact? empire? converting conversion conquest? swamps, sticks and carrots. Making Pakeha: the Pakeha prospectus getting in taken in? getting on lumped, split and bound.

Nutrient cycling and limitation: Hawai'i as a model system

2005-01-01

Peter M. Vitousek

Crime and Custom in Savage Society

2018-02-06

Bronisław Malinowski

The Laura Spelman Rockefeller Memorial, through its enlightened interest in anthropology as a. branch of the social studies, will earn a deep gratitude from present and future humanists in erecting … The Laura Spelman Rockefeller Memorial, through its enlightened interest in anthropology as a. branch of the social studies, will earn a deep gratitude from present and future humanists in erecting i lasting monument

View PDF Chat

On the road of the winds: an archaeological history of the Pacific Islands before European contact

2000-12-01

Patrick Vinton Kirch

The Pacific Ocean covers one-third of the earth's surface and encompasses many thousands of islands, the home to numerous human societies and cultures. Among these indigenous Oceanic cultures are the … The Pacific Ocean covers one-third of the earth's surface and encompasses many thousands of islands, the home to numerous human societies and cultures. Among these indigenous Oceanic cultures are the intrepid Polynesian double-hulled canoe navigators, the atoll dwellers of Micronesia, the statue carvers of remote Easter Island, and the famed traders of Melanesia. Recent archaeological excavations, combined with allied research in historical linguistics, biological anthropology, and comparative ethnography, have begun to reveal much new information about the long-term history of these Pacific Island societies and cultures. On the Road of the Winds synthesizes the grand sweep of human history in the Pacific Islands, beginning with the movement of early people out from Asia more than 40,000 years ago, and tracing the development of myriad indigenous cultures up to the time of European contact in the sixteenth to eighteenth centuries. Questions that scholars have posed and puzzled over for two centuries or more are illuminated here: Where did the Pacific Islanders come from? How did they discover and settle the thousands of islands? Why did they build great monuments like Nan Madol on Pohnpei Island in Micronesia or the famous Easter Island statues? This book provides an up-to-date synthesis of archaeological and historical anthropological knowledge of these fascinating indigenous cultures. In particular, Kirch focuses on human ecology and island adaptations, the complexities of island trading and exchange systems, voyaging technology and skills, and the development of intensive economic systems linked to the growth of large populations. He also draws on his own original field research conducted on many islands, ranging from the Solomons to Hawai'i, as he takes us on an intellectual voyage into the Oceanic past.

View PDF Chat

Naven: A Survey of the Problems Suggested by a Composite Picture of the Culture of a New Guinea Tribe Drawn from Three Points of View.

1969-03-01

Burton G. Burton‐Bradley , Gregory Bateson

TABLE OF CONTENTS Chap. I. Chap. II. Chap. III. Chap. IV. Chap. V. Chap. VI. 1. 2. 3. Chap. VII. Chap. VIII. Chap. IX. Chap. X. Chap. XI. Chap. XII. … TABLE OF CONTENTS Chap. I. Chap. II. Chap. III. Chap. IV. Chap. V. Chap. VI. 1. 2. 3. Chap. VII. Chap. VIII. Chap. IX. Chap. X. Chap. XI. Chap. XII. Chap. XIII. Chap. XIV. Chap. XV. Chap. XVI. Chap. XVII.

The Neolithic Demographic Transition and its Consequences

2008-01-01

Jean‐Pierre Bocquet‐Appel , Ofer Bar‐Yosef

Nutrient dynamics on a precipitation gradient in Hawai'i

1998-02-13

Amy T. Austin , Peter M. Vitousek

Adaptation and human behavior: An anthropological perspective

2002-02-25

Joan C. Stevenson

EPIDEMIOLOGY AND CONTROL OF MALARIA

1957-12-21

G. Covell

Thermoluminescence dating of a 50,000-year-old human occupation site in northern Australia

1990-05-01

Richard G. Roberts , R. Jones , Mike Smith

Dating the late prehistoric dispersal of Polynesians to New Zealand using the commensal Pacific rat

2008-06-03

Janet M. Wilmshurst , Atholl Anderson , Thomas Higham +1 more

The pristine island ecosystems of East Polynesia were among the last places on Earth settled by prehistoric people, and their colonization triggered a devastating transformation. Overhunting contributed to widespread faunal … The pristine island ecosystems of East Polynesia were among the last places on Earth settled by prehistoric people, and their colonization triggered a devastating transformation. Overhunting contributed to widespread faunal extinctions and the decline of marine megafauna, fires destroyed lowland forests, and the introduction of the omnivorous Pacific rat (Rattus exulans) led to a new wave of predation on the biota. East Polynesian islands preserve exceptionally detailed records of the initial prehistoric impacts on highly vulnerable ecosystems, but nearly all such studies are clouded by persistent controversies over the timing of initial human colonization, which has resulted in proposed settlement chronologies varying from approximately 200 B.C. to 1000 A.D. or younger. Such differences underpin radically divergent interpretations of human dispersal from West Polynesia and of ecological and social transformation in East Polynesia and ultimately obfuscate the timing and patterns of this process. Using New Zealand as an example, we provide a reliable approach for accurately dating initial human colonization on Pacific islands by radiocarbon dating the arrival of the Pacific rat. Radiocarbon dates on distinctive rat-gnawed seeds and rat bones show that the Pacific rat was introduced to both main islands of New Zealand approximately 1280 A.D., a millennium later than previously assumed. This matches with the earliest-dated archaeological sites, human-induced faunal extinctions, and deforestation, implying there was no long period of invisibility in either the archaeological or palaeoecological records.

View PDF Chat

First Farmers: the Origins of Agricultural Societies, by Peter Bellwood. Malden (MA): Blackwell, 2005; ISBN 0-631-20565-9 hardback £60; ISBN 0-631-20566-7 paperback £17.99, xix+360 pp., 59 figs., 3 tables

2007-01-30

Peter Bellwood , Clive Gamble , Steven A. Le Blanc +3 more

There can be no doubt that Peter Bellwood's First Farmers is a major new statement which presents a robustly expressed solution to one of those classic problems which provides a … There can be no doubt that Peter Bellwood's First Farmers is a major new statement which presents a robustly expressed solution to one of those classic problems which provides a benchmark for theorization and justifies archaeology as a field. But agreement stops there. Few academic books published recently have evoked such highly charged reactions. On the one hand, First Farmers has impressed many critics, reached audiences far afield from traditional archaeological readerships, and garnered major book awards from professional bodies such as the Society for American Archaeology. On the other hand, it has been subjected to a level of concerted criticism rare in the academic world. As the reviews below show, it has clearly hit a nerve; the gloves are off. First Farmers polarizes scholars in complex ways. Much recent work on agricultural origins, particularly in Europe, has had a strongly indigenist and particularistic tone, averse to mass movements of peoples and ‘grand narratives’ in general. But even advocates of grand narrative in general may take exception to Bellwood's ‘language dispersals’ thesis. Similarly, the very attempt to bring together linguistic, genetic and archaeological data in an account of the past is controversial to some, but even those who aspire to this kind of interdisciplinary synthesis rarely agree on how it can be carried out. Neither the book nor its critics here are likely to be the last word on the subject. But whether one agrees with it or not, First Farmers is a welcome addition to the agricultural origins scene, which, at least in Europe, has been evolving over the last two decades towards a sort of eclectic middle-ground consensus in which difference of opinion is accommodated by eschewing bold generalization.

Ritual and Knowledge among the Baktaman of New Guinea

1975-12-01

Roy Wagner , Fredrik Barth

High-precision radiocarbon dating shows recent and rapid initial human colonization of East Polynesia

2010-12-27

Janet M. Wilmshurst , Terry L. Hunt , Carl P. Lipo +1 more

The 15 archipelagos of East Polynesia, including New Zealand, Hawaii, and Rapa Nui, were the last habitable places on earth colonized by prehistoric humans. The timing and pattern of this … The 15 archipelagos of East Polynesia, including New Zealand, Hawaii, and Rapa Nui, were the last habitable places on earth colonized by prehistoric humans. The timing and pattern of this colonization event has been poorly resolved, with chronologies varying by >1000 y, precluding understanding of cultural change and ecological impacts on these pristine ecosystems. In a meta-analysis of 1,434 radiocarbon dates from the region, reliable short-lived samples reveal that the colonization of East Polynesia occurred in two distinct phases: earliest in the Society Islands A.D. ∼1025-1120, four centuries later than previously assumed; then after 70-265 y, dispersal continued in one major pulse to all remaining islands A.D. ∼1190-1290. We show that previously supported longer chronologies have relied upon radiocarbon-dated materials with large sources of error, making them unsuitable for precise dating of recent events. Our empirically based and dramatically shortened chronology for the colonization of East Polynesia resolves longstanding paradoxes and offers a robust explanation for the remarkable uniformity of East Polynesian culture, human biology, and language. Models of human colonization, ecological change and historical linguistics for the region now require substantial revision.

View PDF Chat

Avian Extinction and Mammalian Introductions on Oceanic Islands

2004-09-23

Tim M. Blackburn , Phillip Cassey , Richard P. Duncan +2 more

The arrival of humans on oceanic islands has precipitated a wave of extinctions among the islands' native birds. Nevertheless, the magnitude of this extinction event varies markedly between avifaunas. We … The arrival of humans on oceanic islands has precipitated a wave of extinctions among the islands' native birds. Nevertheless, the magnitude of this extinction event varies markedly between avifaunas. We show that the probability that a bird species has been extirpated from each of 220 oceanic islands is positively correlated with the number of exotic predatory mammal species established on those islands after European colonization and that the effect of these predators is greater on island endemic species. In contrast, the proportions of currently threatened species are independent of the numbers of exotic mammalian predator species, suggesting that the principal threat to island birds has changed through time as species susceptible to exotic predators have been driven extinct.

The Lapita peoples: ancestors of the oceanic world

1997-07-01

Patrick Vinton Kirch

Plates. Figures. Maps. Tables. Preface. Acknowledgments. 1. Introduction. 2. Old Melanesia. 3. The Lapita Dispersal. 4. Lapita in Linguistics and Biological Perspective. 5. Lapita Pottery and the Community of Culture. … Plates. Figures. Maps. Tables. Preface. Acknowledgments. 1. Introduction. 2. Old Melanesia. 3. The Lapita Dispersal. 4. Lapita in Linguistics and Biological Perspective. 5. Lapita Pottery and the Community of Culture. 6. Between Land and Sea: Houses, Settlements, and Society. 7. Lapita Economy and the Ecology of Islands. 8. Systems of Exchange. 9. Epilogue: The Lapita Legacy. Appendix: Gazetteer of Major Lapital Sites. Notes. References. Index.

After Nature

1999-02-01

Arturo Escobar

This paper presents the outline of an anthropological political ecology that fully acknowledges the constructedness of nature while suggesting steps to weave together the cultural and the biological on constructivist … This paper presents the outline of an anthropological political ecology that fully acknowledges the constructedness of nature while suggesting steps to weave together the cultural and the biological on constructivist grounds. From tropical rain forests to advanced biotechnology laboratories, the resources for inventing natures and cultures are unevenly distributed. The paper proposes an antiessentialist framework for investigating the manifold forms that the natural takes in today's world. This proposal builds on current trends in ecological anthropology, political ecology, and social and cultural studies of science and technology. The resulting framework identifies and conceptualizes three distinct but interrelated nature regimes—organic, capitalist, and techno—and sketches their characteristics, their articulations, and their contradictions. The political implications of the analysis are discussed in terms of the strategies of hybrid natures that most social groups seem to be faced with as they encounter, and try to stem, particular manifestations of the environmental crisis.

Palaeoenvironments of insular Southeast Asia during the Last Glacial Period: a savanna corridor in Sundaland?

2005-08-27

Michael I. Bird , David Taylor , Chris Hunt

Prehistory of the Indo-Malaysian Archipelago

2007-03-01

Peter Bellwood

Since its publication in 1985, Peter Bellwood's Prehistory of the Indo-Malaysian Archipelago has been hailed as the sole authoritative work on the subject by the leading expert in the field. … Since its publication in 1985, Peter Bellwood's Prehistory of the Indo-Malaysian Archipelago has been hailed as the sole authoritative work on the subject by the leading expert in the field. Now that work has been fully revised and includes a complete up-to-date summary of the archaeology of the region (and relevant neighboring areas of China and Oceania), as well as a

View PDF Chat

Aboriginal Man and Environment in Australia.

1972-12-01

Peter Gathercole , D. J. Mulvaney , Jack Golson

Man came to Australia well before the end of the Pleistocene epoch - the so-called Ice Age. To understand his history, then, both early and later, calls for an understanding … Man came to Australia well before the end of the Pleistocene epoch - the so-called Ice Age. To understand his history, then, both early and later, calls for an understanding of climate and environment, and the changes that have taken place in them. Early man in Australia was a stone-using huntergatherer, and the traditional Aboriginal economy and society have persisted into modern times, so a wealth of ethnographic information is available to help in understanding the way he reacted and so influenced the diversity of environments found in the Australian continent. Over the last ten years Australian archaeology has developed from a very new branch of an old-established discipline to one that has made and is making very significant contributions to the study of universal man, not just in Australia. This book is the outcome of a series of seminars by scholars in many fields who have brought to bear the skills of many disciplines in interpreting a vast array of challenging new information. It will appeal not only to scholars but to all who have an interest in the history of the Australian environment and the story of first human settlement.

The Domestication Process and Domestication Rate in Rice: Spikelet Bases from the Lower Yangtze

2009-03-19

Dorian Q. Fuller , Ling Qin , Yunfei Zheng +4 more

The process of rice domestication occurred in the Lower Yangtze region of Zhejiang, China, between 6900 and 6600 years ago. Archaeobotanical evidence from the site of Tianluoshan shows that the … The process of rice domestication occurred in the Lower Yangtze region of Zhejiang, China, between 6900 and 6600 years ago. Archaeobotanical evidence from the site of Tianluoshan shows that the proportion of nonshattering domesticated rice (Oryza sativa) spikelet bases increased over this period from 27% to 39%. Over the same period, rice remains increased from 8% to 24% of all plant remains, which suggests an increased consumption relative to wild gathered foods. In addition, an assemblage of annual grasses, sedges, and other herbaceous plants indicates the presence of arable weeds, typical of cultivated rice, that also increased over this period.

View PDF Chat

Prehistoric Extinctions of Pacific Island Birds: Biodiversity Meets Zooarchaeology

1995-02-24

David W. Steadman

On tropical Pacific islands, a human-caused "biodiversity crisis" began thousands of years ago and has nearly run its course. Bones identified from archaeological sites show that most species of land … On tropical Pacific islands, a human-caused "biodiversity crisis" began thousands of years ago and has nearly run its course. Bones identified from archaeological sites show that most species of land birds and populations of seabirds on those islands were exterminated by prehistoric human activities. The loss of birdlife in the tropical Pacific may exceed 2000 species (a majority of which were species of flightless rails) and thus represents a 20 percent worldwide reduction in the number of species of birds. The current global extinction crisis therefore has historic precedent.

Origins of Agriculture at Kuk Swamp in the Highlands of New Guinea

2003-06-24

Tim Denham , Simon Haberle , Carol Lentfer +5 more

Multidisciplinary investigations at Kuk Swamp in the Highlands of Papua New Guinea show that agriculture arose independently in New Guinea by at least 6950 to 6440 calibrated years before the … Multidisciplinary investigations at Kuk Swamp in the Highlands of Papua New Guinea show that agriculture arose independently in New Guinea by at least 6950 to 6440 calibrated years before the present (cal yr B.P.). Plant exploitation and some cultivation occurred on the wetland margin at 10,220 to 9910 cal yr B.P. (phase 1), mounding cultivation began by 6950 to 6440 cal yr B.P. (phase 2), and ditched cultivation began by 4350 to 3980 cal yr B.P. (phase 3). Clearance of lower montane rainforests began in the early Holocene, with modification to grassland at 6950 to 6440 cal yr B.P. Taro (Colocasia esculenta) was utilized in the early Holocene, and bananas (Musa spp.) were intensively cultivated by at least 6950 to 6440 cal yr B.P.

View PDF Chat

Radiocarbon and DNA evidence for a pre-Columbian introduction of Polynesian chickens to Chile

2007-06-08

Alice A. Storey , José Miguel Ramírez , Daniel Quiróz +7 more

Two issues long debated among Pacific and American prehistorians are (i) whether there was a pre-Columbian introduction of chicken (Gallus gallus) to the Americas and (ii) whether Polynesian contact with … Two issues long debated among Pacific and American prehistorians are (i) whether there was a pre-Columbian introduction of chicken (Gallus gallus) to the Americas and (ii) whether Polynesian contact with South America might be identified archaeologically, through the recovery of remains of unquestionable Polynesian origin. We present a radiocarbon date and an ancient DNA sequence from a single chicken bone recovered from the archaeological site of El Arenal-1, on the Arauco Peninsula, Chile. These results not only provide firm evidence for the pre-Columbian introduction of chickens to the Americas, but strongly suggest that it was a Polynesian introduction.

View PDF Chat

Denisova Admixture and the First Modern Human Dispersals into Southeast Asia and Oceania

2011-09-24

David Reich , Nick Patterson , Martin Kircher +7 more

View PDF Chat

Pigs for the Ancestors: Ritual in the Ecology of a New Guinea People.

1968-12-01

Marilyn Strathern , Roy A. Rappàport

Examines the religious behavior among the natives of New Guinea, discusses the economic and ecological factors affecting their culture, and discusses the effectiveness of functional analysis. Examines the religious behavior among the natives of New Guinea, discusses the economic and ecological factors affecting their culture, and discusses the effectiveness of functional analysis.

Entangled Objects: Exchange, Material Culture, and Colonialism in the Pacific

1992-10-01

Anna Laura Jones

Entangled Objects: Exchange, Material Culture, and Colonialism in the Pacific. NICHOLAS THOMAS. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1991. 259 pp., 31 b/w illustration, 4 maps. $32.50 (cloth), $14.95 (paper). Entangled Objects: Exchange, Material Culture, and Colonialism in the Pacific. NICHOLAS THOMAS. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1991. 259 pp., 31 b/w illustration, 4 maps. $32.50 (cloth), $14.95 (paper).

Manual of the flowering plants of Hawaii

1990-10-01

W. L. Wagner , Derral R. Herbst , S. H. Sohmer

This revised edition of most significant botanical publication on Pacific plants in recent decades (Flora Vitiensis Nova) includes an extensive addendum providing information on newly described species, nomenclatural changes, and … This revised edition of most significant botanical publication on Pacific plants in recent decades (Flora Vitiensis Nova) includes an extensive addendum providing information on newly described species, nomenclatural changes, and new island records, together with a bibliography of important taxonomic references published since the first edition. The status of 271 species newly listed as endangered or threatened has also been updated.

Earliest domestication of common millet ( Panicum miliaceum ) in East Asia extended to 10,000 years ago

2009-04-22

Houyuan Lü , Jianping Zhang , Kam‐biu Liu +7 more

The origin of millet from Neolithic China has generally been accepted, but it remains unknown whether common millet (Panicum miliaceum) or foxtail millet (Setaria italica) was the first species domesticated. … The origin of millet from Neolithic China has generally been accepted, but it remains unknown whether common millet (Panicum miliaceum) or foxtail millet (Setaria italica) was the first species domesticated. Nor do we know the timing of their domestication and their routes of dispersal. Here, we report the discovery of husk phytoliths and biomolecular components identifiable solely as common millet from newly excavated storage pits at the Neolithic Cishan site, China, dated to between ca. 10,300 and ca. 8,700 calibrated years before present (cal yr BP). After ca. 8,700 cal yr BP, the grain crops began to contain a small quantity of foxtail millet. Our research reveals that the common millet was the earliest dry farming crop in East Asia, which is probably attributed to its excellent resistance to drought.

View PDF Chat

Early millet use in northern China

2012-02-21

Xiaoyan Yang , Zhiwei Wan , Linda Perry +7 more

It is generally understood that foxtail millet and broomcorn millet were initially domesticated in Northern China where they eventually became the dominant plant food crops. The rarity of older archaeological … It is generally understood that foxtail millet and broomcorn millet were initially domesticated in Northern China where they eventually became the dominant plant food crops. The rarity of older archaeological sites and archaeobotanical work in the region, however, renders both the origins of these plants and their processes of domestication poorly understood. Here we present ancient starch grain assemblages recovered from cultural deposits, including carbonized residues adhering to an early pottery sherd as well as grinding stone tools excavated from the sites of Nanzhuangtou (11.5–11.0 cal kyBP) and Donghulin (11.0–9.5 cal kyBP) in the North China Plain. Our data extend the record of millet use in China by nearly 1,000 y, and the record of foxtail millet in the region by at least two millennia. The patterning of starch residues within the samples allow for the formulation of the hypothesis that foxtail millets were cultivated for an extended period of two millennia, during which this crop plant appears to have been undergoing domestication. Future research in the region will help clarify the processes in place.

View PDF Chat

The Sadness of Sweetness: The Native Anthropology of Western Cosmology [and Comments and Reply]

1996-06-01

Marshall Sahlins , Thomas Bargatzky , Nurit Bird‐David +4 more

Excavating Neandertal and Denisovan DNA from the genomes of Melanesian individuals

2016-03-18

Benjamin Vernot , Serena Tucci , Janet Kelso +7 more

Denisovan DNA retained in Melanesians Modern humans carry remnants of DNA from interbreeding events with archaic lineages, such as Neandertals. However, people from Oceania also retain genes from a second … Denisovan DNA retained in Melanesians Modern humans carry remnants of DNA from interbreeding events with archaic lineages, such as Neandertals. However, people from Oceania also retain genes from a second ancient lineage, the Denisovans. Vernot et al. surveyed archaic genomic sequences in a worldwide sample of modern humans, including 35 individuals from the Melanesian Islands. All non-African genomes surveyed contained Neandertal DNA, but a significant Denisovan component was found only in the Melanesians. Reconstruction of this genetic history suggests that Neandertals bred with modern humans multiple times, but Denosivans only once, in ancestors of modern-day Melanesians. Science , this issue p. 235

View PDF Chat

Entangled Objects: Exchange, Material Culture, and Colonialism in the Pacific

1993-01-01

Geoffrey M. White , Nicholas Thomas

Part 1 Objects, exchange, anthropology: prestations and ideology the inalienability of the gift immobile value the promiscuity of objects value - a surplus of theories. Part 2 The permutations of … Part 1 Objects, exchange, anthropology: prestations and ideology the inalienability of the gift immobile value the promiscuity of objects value - a surplus of theories. Part 2 The permutations of debt - exchange systems in the Pacific: alienation in Melanesian exchange debts and valuables in Fiji and the Marquesas valuables with and without histories the origin of whale teeth value conversion versus competition in kind. Part 3 The indigenous appropriation of European things: the allure of barter the musket economy in the southern Marquesas the representation of the foreign the whale tooth trade and Fijian politics prior systems and later histories. Part 4 The European appropriation of indigenous things: curiosity - colonialism in its infancy converted artifacts - the material culture of Christian missions murder stories - settlers' curios ethnology and the vision of the state artifacts as tokens of industry the name of science. Part 5 The discovery of the gift - exchange and identity in the contemporary Pacific: transformations of Fijian ceremonies the disclosure of reciprocity discoveries.

The Role of Introduced Diseases in the Extinction of the Endemic Hawaiian Avifauna

1968-04-01

Richard E. Warner

Journal Article The Role of Introduced Diseases in the Extinction of the Endemic Hawaiian Avifauna Get access Richard E. Warner Richard E. Warner Museum of Vertebrate Zoology University of California, … Journal Article The Role of Introduced Diseases in the Extinction of the Endemic Hawaiian Avifauna Get access Richard E. Warner Richard E. Warner Museum of Vertebrate Zoology University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 and Foundation of Environmental Biology P.O. Box 561 Berkeley, California 94708 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Condor, Volume 70, Issue 2, 1 April 1968, Pages 101–120, https://doi.org/10.2307/1365954 Published: 01 April 1968

The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute

1907-12-01

View PDF Chat

The Evolution of Polynesian Chiefdoms.

1985-09-01

P. Bion Griffin , Patrick Vinton Kirch

Words of the Lagoon: Fishing and Marine Lore in the Palau District of Micronesia.

1982-09-01

James G. Carrier , Robert E. Johannes

The Theory of Island Biogeography

1968-12-01

M. J. Kirkby , Robert H. MacArthur , Edmund O. Wilson

ARCHAEOLOGY AND PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY IN OCEANIA

1966-12-01

An Equilibrium Theory of Insular Zoogeography

1963-12-01

Robert H. MacArthur , Edward O. Wilson

Prehistory of the Indo-Malaysian Archipelago

1997-12-31

Peter Bellwood

View PDF Chat

Herbier de Wallis et Futuna

2020-01-01

Michel Hoff

Base de données sous dbase et Foxpro Base de données sous dbase et Foxpro

Archaeology of Ancient Australia

2007-12-12

Peter Hiscock

This book is an introduction to the archaeology of Australia from prehistoric times to the eighteenth century AD. It is the only up-to-date textbook on the subject and is designed … This book is an introduction to the archaeology of Australia from prehistoric times to the eighteenth century AD. It is the only up-to-date textbook on the subject and is designed for undergraduate courses, based on the author's considerable experience of teaching at the Australian National University. Lucidly written, it shows the diversity and colourfulness of the history of humanity in the southern continent. The Archaeology of Ancient Australia demonstrates with an array of illustrations and clear descriptions of key archaeological evidence from Australia a thorough evaluation of Australian prehistory. Readers are shown how this human past can be reconstructed from archaeological evidence, supplemented by information from genetics, environmental sciences, anthropology, and history. The result is a challenging view about how varied human life in the ancient past has been.

Earliest evidence of rice cultivation in Remote Oceania: Ritual use by the first islanders in the Marianas 3500 years ago

2025-06-25

Mike T. Carson , Weiwei Wang , Xiujia Huan +3 more | Science Advances

Rice was a staple crop in the ancestral Austronesian regions of Taiwan and Island Southeast Asia, but it was unknown in any of the Pacific Islands at the time of … Rice was a staple crop in the ancestral Austronesian regions of Taiwan and Island Southeast Asia, but it was unknown in any of the Pacific Islands at the time of European encounters, with the exception of the unique case of Guam and the Mariana Islands. Through multiple methodologies, including phytolith analysis, micro-computed tomography scanning, and thin-section petrography, this recent research confirms the presence of abundant rice husk and leaf phytoliths adhering to red-slipped pottery ("Marianas Red") at the Ritidian Site Complex in Guam, dated by radiocarbon to 3500 to 3100 years ago. This study addresses the long-standing question of whether the first Pacific Islanders transported rice with them from the Philippines across 2300 kilometers of open sea, representing the longest known ocean voyage of the time. During this early period, rice was restricted to special ritual events in the Marianas. The early voyage apparently was planned with provisions of rice at 3500 years ago.

The Archaeology and Historical Ecology of the Ryūkyū Archipelago

2025-06-24

Hiroto Takamiya , Mark Hudson | Oxford University Press eBooks

Abstract This chapter provides an overview of the archaeology and historical ecology of the Ryūkyū archipelago located between Kyūshū and Taiwan. Geologically and culturally, this long chain of islands is … Abstract This chapter provides an overview of the archaeology and historical ecology of the Ryūkyū archipelago located between Kyūshū and Taiwan. Geologically and culturally, this long chain of islands is subdivided into the Northern, Central, and Southern groups, with human settlement beginning by 35,000 years ago. This chapter provides a culture history of these three subregions under the following topics: Paleolithic settlement, Holocene hunter–gatherers, Bronze Age agriculture and its rejection, medieval agriculture, trade and kings, and early modern Ryūkyū as colonial periphery. Overall, the authors discuss five major issues: (1) the colonization of at least eight islands by humans before 10,000 years ago; (2) the presence of hunter–gatherer–fishers on small, impoverished islands for thousands of years, if not more; (3) an unusual non-acceptance of agriculture, despite its known presence on the mainland; (4) agriculture and trade playing important roles in the evolution of the Ryūkyū kingdom; and (5) processes of globalization that are important for understanding the history of the Ryūkyū kingdom. From the perspective of historical ecology, the Paleolithic and Shellmidden (Neolithic) periods are unusual in showing little evidence of human-induced impact to the natural environment.

New Sprouts: Diversifying Agriculture on Kiribati's Outer Islands

2025-06-23

| Washington, DC: World Bank eBooks

Living in the middle of the edge: an insight into ancient subsistence practices in Myanmar

2025-06-23

Anna Willis , Baptiste Pradier , L. M. Rogers +7 more | Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences

Abstract The origins of agriculture have been a focal point of interest in Southeast Asia because of the profound influence domestication of cereal crops had on the ancient inhabitants of … Abstract The origins of agriculture have been a focal point of interest in Southeast Asia because of the profound influence domestication of cereal crops had on the ancient inhabitants of the region. Historically, an emphasis has been placed on the movement of farmers from China into Southeast Asia during the Neolithic, however, the origin of agriculture in Myanmar remains unknown. Recently, stable carbon and oxygen isotope analyses have provided insight into the subsistence practices of two prehistoric communities, Oakaie 1 and Nyaung’gan, living in north-central Myanmar during the late Neolithic and early Bronze Age, ca. 1300 − 700 BCE, but lacked the temporal resolution to identify any changes in the intensification of agriculture. Here, we report new C and O stable isotope analysis of individuals from Oakaie 1, and the UNESCO World Heritage complex of Halin excavated between 2017 and 2020. With a longer chronological sequence —dating between ca. 2700 BCE and 1300 CE— Halin provides the opportunity to examine diachronic changes in these practices. The results suggest individuals from Myanmar had a mixed subsistence economy focused on C 3 /C 4 resources during the late Neolithic to Bronze Age and a less variable subsistence focused on C 3 resources in the Iron Age, possibly associated with the intensification of wet rice agriculture and changes in water management practices. Situated in north-central Myanmar on the edge of mainland Southeast Asia, we suggest that southwest China, with a subsistence economy of rice and millet, played a role in the movement of this mixed farming strategy into Myanmar.

The coral planter

2025-06-20

Silvia Anna Ainio , Susanna Gionfra | Routledge eBooks

Witnessing Threatened Indigenous Papuan Lifeworlds through a Multispecies Ethnographic Lens

2025-06-19

Hatib Abdul Kadir | The Asia Pacific Journal of Anthropology

Environmental History of Coastal Environments

2025-06-19

Ahad N. Chowdhury | Environmental History

As a school of thought, environmental history of coastal environments is a fairly recent development. While environmental history emerged in the 1960s, coastal history and scholarship associated with it made … As a school of thought, environmental history of coastal environments is a fairly recent development. While environmental history emerged in the 1960s, coastal history and scholarship associated with it made their early appearances from the 1970s. Efforts to understand maritime and ocean spaces inaugurated this turn toward studying coasts in many ways, both deliberate and accidental, as scholarship involving coastal spaces proliferated. While scholarship concerning the environment and coasts made their presence known since the mid-twentieth century, the first efforts to narrate explicit environmental accounts concerning coastal history began only in the early twenty-first century. Isaac Land’s call for a specific school devoted to this approach and the early contributions of John Gillis and John R. Stilgoe set the stage for what is now an evolving, emerging body of work. This article looks at some of the scholarship produced over the years in exploring coastal environments. Through islands, beaches, urban spaces, estuaries, surfing, dunes, and coastal studies, this article presents some of the approaches that have characterized this coastal and environmental turn in maritime scholarship, shaping notions concerning what environmental history of coastal environments has been and can be.

A Morphometric Analysis of Starch Granules from Two Dioscorea Species

2025-06-18

Sara Rickett , Lisbeth A. Louderback , Adrian V. Bell | Plants

Dioscorea is a genus comprising over 600 species, many of which possess edible tubers that are commonly referred to as yams. While Dioscorea is a significant crop across the globe, … Dioscorea is a genus comprising over 600 species, many of which possess edible tubers that are commonly referred to as yams. While Dioscorea is a significant crop across the globe, it holds a unique cultural significance to the people of Tonga in western Polynesia. Presently, Dioscorea is known for its essential role in festivals and ceremonies, as well as for its nutritional contributions to Tongan diets. To understand and to assess the significance of Dioscorea in the distant past, however, archeologists rely on plant residues (e.g., starch granules) preserved on ancient tools. This study provides the necessary first step in archeological starch analysis by examining the granule morphometrics of two culturally significant Dioscorea species, D. alata and D. bulbifera from Tonga. Tubers from three individuals of each species were collected on the island of Vava'u and processed for starch granule extraction and analysis. Morphometric characteristics, including two novel that describe shape (eccentricity ratio and hilum angle), were measured on approximately 300 granules per species. When statistically compared, these novel characteristics allow D. alata and D. bulbifera to be readily distinguished from one another, and therefore increase confidence in assigning archeological granules to a specific taxon.

Interpreting Tupi Exempla

2025-06-17

| University of Pennsylvania Press, Inc. eBooks

Sensory Acceptability and Characterization of Snack Bar Using Artocarpus Blancoi Fruit Seed Flour

2025-06-17

Leonardo D. Valiente , Randy O. Descarten | International Journal of Advanced Research in Science Communication and Technology

This study aimed to develop a flour and snack bar using Antipolo fruit seeds (Artocarpus blancoi) as the primary raw material, focusing on phytochemical content, sensory acceptability, physicochemical composition, and … This study aimed to develop a flour and snack bar using Antipolo fruit seeds (Artocarpus blancoi) as the primary raw material, focusing on phytochemical content, sensory acceptability, physicochemical composition, and nutritional value. A developmental research design with a quantitative approach was employed. The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of beneficial bioactive compounds, including alkaloids, steroids, flavonoids, and saponins, with the absence of tannins and quaternary bases—indicating potential nutritional and therapeutic benefits with reduced astringency and toxicity.To evaluate the sensory attributes of three snack bar formulations, a hedonic scale was utilized. Data gathered from food technology experts and consumer respondents were analyzed using the median to interpret sensory evaluations, while the mean was used to describe the nutritional and physicochemical properties. A One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was employed to determine significant differences in sensory acceptability across formulations. Findings showed that Formulation B consistently received higher median scores for appearance, aroma, taste, texture, and overall appeal, with a statistically significant difference observed among the three formulations.The most preferred formulation exhibited a balanced nutritional profile: 39.07% moisture, 7.56% fat, 1.45% ash, 5.45% protein, and 146.34 mg sodium per 100g. Based on the updated 2016 FDA Nutrition Facts Label and FNRI RENI guidelines, a serving contains approximately 140 calories, 4g fat (5% DV), 75mg sodium (3% DV), 23g carbohydrates (8% DV), and 3g protein (6% DV), contributing 5% of the daily calorie requirement and 4% of protein needs for adult Filipino males aged 19–29. These results affirm the potential of Antipolo fruit seed flour as a sustainable, nutritious, and health-conscious ingredient for innovative snack food development

Plant diet and pottery vessels function at the Jiaojia site during middle-late Dawenkou culture in Shandong Province, China

2025-06-16

Qian Wu , Can Wang , Qingyu Lu +3 more | Journal of Archaeological Science Reports

Interpreting archaeological mortuary jar traditions in the Philippines: Forms, lids, and regional connections in Island Southeast Asia

2025-06-13

Anna L. Pineda , H. Damon Matthews | Archaeological Research in Asia

Karribolknahnan kunred la kundulk: Contemporary Culturally Modified Trees in Mirarr Country, Northern Territory

2025-06-12

Mia Dardengo , Lynley A. Wallis , Djaykuk Djandjomerr +4 more | Archaeology in Oceania/Archæology & physical anthropology in Oceania

ABSTRACT In Mirarr Kunred (Country) in the Alligator Rivers region of the Northern Territory, Australia, a particular form of scarred, culturally modified tree (CMT) is actively being created as Bininj … ABSTRACT In Mirarr Kunred (Country) in the Alligator Rivers region of the Northern Territory, Australia, a particular form of scarred, culturally modified tree (CMT) is actively being created as Bininj (Aboriginal people) harvest bark to be used as art canvases ( dolobbo ). Cultural heritage surveys carried out over the past 5 years in and near the township of Jabiru have recorded numerous dolobbo trees, along with a smaller number of older CMTs containing scars from other forms of resource extraction. These newly created CMTs are a tangible demonstration of cultural continuity, produced by Bininj adapting traditional practices to engage with the contemporary economy. Although dolobbo trees are a relatively new addition to the cultural landscape of Mirarr Kunred , they are warmly regarded by Bininj when encountered and have heritage value as indicators of current cultural activities. This study highlights the significance of recording these trees as part of the contemporary cultural landscape of Mirarr Kunred and considers the environmental and heritage implications of this practice.

The Sustainability of Plant Uses on Sumbawa Island since the 13th Century

2025-06-12

Ni Putu Eka Juliawati , Ati Rati Hidayah , Aldhi Wahyu Pratama +7 more | Ethnobotany Research and Applications

FORMULASI DAN UJI AKTIVITAS SEDIAAN FACE MIST FRAKSI ETIL ASETAT DAUN SUKUN (Artocarpus altilis) TERHADAP BAKTERI PROPIONIBACTERIUM ACNES

2025-06-11

Andi Ulfiana Utari , Nasrawati Basir , Nurhikma Awaluddin +2 more | Pharmacology And Pharmacy Scientific Journals

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang formulasi dan uji aktivitas sediaan face mist fraksi etil asetat daun sukun (Artocarpus altilis) terhadap bakteri Propionibacterium acnes. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kestabilan sediaan face … Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang formulasi dan uji aktivitas sediaan face mist fraksi etil asetat daun sukun (Artocarpus altilis) terhadap bakteri Propionibacterium acnes. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kestabilan sediaan face mist dan untuk menentukan konsentrasi yang paling efektif pada face mist fraksi etil asetat daun sukun (Artocarpus altilis). Metode penelitian secara eksperimental laboratorium. Desain penelitian untuk mengetahui sediaan face mist fraksi etil asetat daun sukun (Artocarpus altilis) stabil secara fisika dan kimia, dan untuk melihat aktivitas sediaan face mist terhadap bakteri Propionibacterium acnes dengan menggunakan metode disk difussion. Pengujian dilakukan menggunakan sediaan face mist fraksi etil asetat daun sukun dengan konsentrasi 0.1%, 0.2%, dan 0.3% terhadap Propionibacterium acnes. Hasil penelitian diperoleh face mist fraksi etil asetat daun sukun (Artocarpus altilis) stabil secara fisika dan kimia, dan adanya zona hambat dari masing-masing perlakuan yaitu 7,75 mm, 7,84 mm dan 8,84 mm. Sediaan face mist fraksi etil asetat daun sukun efektif menghambat pertumbuhan Propionibacterium acnes. Konsentrasi yang paling efektif yaitu 0,3% yang termasuk dalam kategori zona hambat yang sedang, dan hasil uji statistik aktivitas sediaan face mist fraksi etil asetat daun sukun menyatakan bahwa Sig<0,05 sehingga konsentrasi sediaan berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Propionibacterium acnes.

Natural Disasters and Damage to Archaeological Sites in Trenggalek Regency, East Java.

2025-06-01

Hery Priswanto , Irfanuddin Wahid Marzuki , Muhammad Chawari | IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science

Abstract Trenggalek Regency has a variety of archaeological sites ranging from pre-historical, classical, and Islamic, to colonial periods. The research method used in historical archaeology combines archaeological methods with written … Abstract Trenggalek Regency has a variety of archaeological sites ranging from pre-historical, classical, and Islamic, to colonial periods. The research method used in historical archaeology combines archaeological methods with written sources (archives, old photos, and old maps) with a multidisciplinary approach. The purpose of the research is to see and test the damage to archaeological sites in the Trenggalek Regency area so that the right method can be produced for saving archaeological sites if there is a disaster in the future. The study results show that disasters that damage archaeological sites in the Trenggalek Regency area are mostly in the form of floods and landslides. This condition is caused by the geographical condition of Trenggalek and the existence of archaeological sites around the Ngasinan River. The location of these archaeological sites is in the morphology of the basin which has a sloping topography, is close to water sources, and contains fertile soil, which is ideal for choosing a site location as a settlement or erecting ritual buildings. However, the selection of the location also carries a very significant impact and a great risk of overflow (flooding) due to its sloping position and near the river basin.

TAPU, MANA, AND SOCIAL ORGANIZATION

2025-06-01

| Berghahn Books

ANACHRONISTIC AND MODERN MOTIVES IN SEARCHING THE “MYTHOPOETIC MĀORI”

2025-06-01

| Berghahn Books

Does the “Indo-Pacific” Have a History?

2025-06-01

Melissa Macauley | The American Historical Review

Diversity in Biochemical Traits among Taro (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott) Accessions in Southwest Ethiopia: Insights for Breeding and Food Security

2025-06-01

Ketema Balcha Debela , Derbew Belew Yohannes , Tewodros Mulualem Beyene +1 more | Journal of Agriculture and Food Research

Modelling the impact of large-scale hydroclimate change on prehistoric Polynesian island life

2025-05-31

Charlotte V. Hipkiss , Justin Sheffield , Peter G. Langdon +1 more | Quaternary Environments and Humans

Intensive consumption of Lithocarpus nuts in the Neolithic Pearl River Delta, China

2025-05-30

Zhao Li , Yongchao Ma , Quan Li +5 more | Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences

Research on the benefits of Cultural Keystone Species conservation on enhancing local communities sense of place: the case of Guangzhou, China

2025-05-28

Joseph H.K. Lai

This study investigates the potential for Cultural Keystone Species (CKS) historically nurtured by Guangzhou Traditional Central Axis to enhance Sense of Place in contemporary communities within its boundaries, addressing the … This study investigates the potential for Cultural Keystone Species (CKS) historically nurtured by Guangzhou Traditional Central Axis to enhance Sense of Place in contemporary communities within its boundaries, addressing the ruptures caused by the city in the Lived and Materialized Layers of the people-place relationship. It is therefore hypothesized that reintroducing these species can enhance visitors' Sense of Place. The study focuses on three thematic CKS: Daily Life, Biodiversity Resources, and the Exchange of Goods and Knowledge. The social benefits of CKS implantation are examined in the form of structured interviews based on three Sense of Place sub-dimensions: Place Dependence, Emotional Attachment, and Place Identity. The results show that all three CKS categories significantly improve the overall Sense of Place, and different CKS types have different abilities in placemaking: culturally oriented species strengthen intangible connections through shared memories and practices, while biodiversity-focused species emphasize specific ecological functions. This study introduces a correlation analysis framework between CKS and Sense of Place, providing theoretical and practical support for the realization of ecological and cultural synergistic regeneration in the renewal of contemporary urban historical environments.

Evaluation and selection of superior jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) genotypes with small sized fruits

2025-05-28

M. Kavino

:Wattles: Australian Acacia Species around the World

2025-05-27

Jason Fridley

Note on Tahitian Words and Place Names

2025-05-24

The barkcloth beater of Sulawesi and its changes over time

2025-05-23

Muhammad Nur , Hasanuddin Hasanuddin , Andi Muhammad Saiful +7 more

The tradition of beating bark to produce cloth probably emerged in South China before spreading to Island Southeast Asia with the Austronesian cultural expansion (5000–3500 BP). Type IV barkcloth beaters … The tradition of beating bark to produce cloth probably emerged in South China before spreading to Island Southeast Asia with the Austronesian cultural expansion (5000–3500 BP). Type IV barkcloth beaters found on the island of Sulawesi mark a technological leap from mainland examples and the discovery of 16 such beaters at Buttu Batu pushes the local adoption of this type back to c. 2111–1933 BP. Combining archaeological examples with extensive ethnographic research, the authors document an early-twentieth-century diversification in the patterning of grooves on type IV beaters, revealing a unique innovation aimed at improving barkcloth quality in response to increasing competition.

Re-examining the Aryan Invasion Theory Through the Internal Evidence of the Ṛgveda

2025-05-23

Parimala V. Rao

‘The theories propounded by the Aryanists and Dravidianists are utterly groundless and mere dreams of very learned men, and perhaps even more imaginative than learned’. —John Crawford 1861 1 ‘The … ‘The theories propounded by the Aryanists and Dravidianists are utterly groundless and mere dreams of very learned men, and perhaps even more imaginative than learned’. —John Crawford 1861 1 ‘The theory is a perversion of scientific investigation. It is not allowed to evolve out of facts. On the contrary, the theory is preconceived, and facts are selected to prove it. The theory of the Aryan race is just an assumption and no more’. —B. R. Ambedkar 2 The Ṛgveda eulogises Divodāsa and Sudās as the great Ārya kings and recounts several times the heroic battle fought by the chief deity Indra against Vr.tra to protect Dāsadya. The hymns describe Vr.tra not only as an Ārya but also as a Dāsa and a Dasyu. The Ṛgveda equally demonises certain Āryas and Dāsas as the enemies of yagña . Several sages identify the opponents of the yagña form of worship as their own brothers— sajātā´n and jāmim , and friend— sákhā . This article attempts to explore these contradictions and the validity of the argument that the fair-skinned Aryans subjugated the dark-skinned Dāsas and Dasyus. It also analyses the representation of colour and its importance in the Ṛgveda and factors in the writings of Herodotus. It looks at the complex relationship among Āryas, Asuras, Dāsas and Dasyus before and after Dāśarājña—the Battle of Ten Kings. It traces the reason for their migration to the Gangetic plains. It examines the interpretations of British Sanskrit scholars like William Jones and R. T. H. Griffith and Orientalists like H. T. Colebrooke, James Prinsep, H. T. Prinsep, H. H. Wilson, Max Mueller and others. It also brings B. G. Tilak and B. R. Ambedkar’s perspectives into the debate.

An Ocean of Wonder: The Fantastic in the Pacific, by ku‘ualohaho‘omanawananui, Joyce PualaniWarren and CristinaBacchilega, Honolulu: University of Hawai‘i Press, 2024. ISBN: 978‐0‐82‐489735‐2

2025-05-23

Kirsten Møllegaard

Why modelling space is hard: no evidence for a serial founder effect in Polynesian phoneme inventories

2025-05-22

Matías Guzmán Naranjo , Laura Becker , Miriam L. Schiele +1 more

Abstract In recent years there has been an increased interest in computational modeling of spatial phenomena in typology. While the main focus of most work so far has been on … Abstract In recent years there has been an increased interest in computational modeling of spatial phenomena in typology. While the main focus of most work so far has been on direct language contact, there are two different types of spatial dynamics of interest to typologists and areal linguists: language expansion, and asymmetric contact effects. In this paper we present five statistical techniques to model phylogenetic and spatial relations between languages. We illustrate these techniques with a case study on Polynesian phoneme inventory sizes, and show that there is robust evidence for asymmetric contact effects from Non-Polynesian on Polynesian, but little evidence for expansion effects within Polynesian. In other words, we do not find convincing evidence for a serial founder effect in Polynesian phoneme inventory sizes. We also argue that we are still far from having a complete understanding of how to model all spatial dynamics that can affect language contact, and that more attention should be paid to these issues.