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Industrial Gas Emission Control

Works Count: 31842

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This cluster of papers focuses on the removal of sulfur compounds, such as hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide, from various industrial processes including coal-fired power plants and biogas. The research covers a wide range of technologies including adsorption, oxidation, wet scrubbing, and catalytic processes using materials like activated carbons, metal-organic frameworks, and regenerative sorbents.

Keywords

Flue Gas Desulfurization; Hydrogen Sulfide Adsorption; Sulfur Oxidation; Activated Carbon; Catalytic Oxidation; Metal-Organic Frameworks; Wet Scrubbing; NOx Removal; SO2 Absorption; Regenerative Sorbents

Use of zeolites for the removal of H 2 S: A mini-review

2015-08-22

Mehtap Ozekmekci , Gozde Salkic , Mehmet Ferdi Fellah

Claus Catalysis and H2S Selective Oxidation

1998-11-01

Anne Pieplu , O. Saur , Jean‐Claude Lavalley +2 more

Abstract This review article deals with the development of sulfur recovery from the Claus process to H2S selective oxidation. Governments are constantly tightening regulations to limit the emission of sulfur … Abstract This review article deals with the development of sulfur recovery from the Claus process to H2S selective oxidation. Governments are constantly tightening regulations to limit the emission of sulfur compounds into the air. This makes it necessary to constantly enhance the level of sulfur recovery from natural, refinery, or coal gasification geses, and many improvements in the Claus process have been introduced to this end. In this review, emphasis has been put on the mechanism of reactions occurring in most of the sulfur recovery units, reactions between H2S and SO2 or O2 and side reactions such as hydrolysis of COS and CS2 or sulfation of the catalyst.

Effect of pore structure and surface chemistry of virgin activated carbons on removal of hydrogen sulfide

1999-02-01

Teresa J. Bandosz

Coal combustion and its pollution control in China

2009-05-21

Changfu You , Xiuqiang XU

Mechanism and modeling of the formation of gaseous alkali sulfates

2004-10-14

Peter Glarborg , Paul Marshall

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The thermodynamics and kinetics of the hydrogen sulfide system in natural waters

1986-03-01

Frank J. Millero

In bed and downstream hot gas desulphurization during solid fuel gasification: A review

2010-03-08

Xiangmei Meng , Wiebren de Jong , Ranadeep Pal +1 more

Coal power plant flue gas waste heat and water recovery

2011-11-05

Dexin Wang , Ainan Bao , Walter Kunc +1 more

Analysis of the Relationship between H2S Removal Capacity and Surface Properties of Unimpregnated Activated Carbons

2000-01-12

Foad Adib , Andrey Bagreev , Teresa J. Bandosz

The H2S breakthrough capacity was measured on two series of activated carbons of a coconut shell and a bituminous coal origins. To broaden the spectrum of surface features the samples … The H2S breakthrough capacity was measured on two series of activated carbons of a coconut shell and a bituminous coal origins. To broaden the spectrum of surface features the samples were oxidized using nitric acid or ammonium persulfate under conditions chosen to preserve their pore structures. Then the carbons were characterized using Boehm titration, potentiometric titration, thermal analysis, temperature programmed desorption, sorption of nitrogen, and sorption of water. It was found that the choice of unimpregnated carbon for application as H2S adsorbent should be made based on parameters of its acidity such as number of acidic groups, pH of surface, amount of surface groups oxygen, or weight loss associated to decomposition of surface oxygen species. The results obtained from the analyses of six unimpregnated carbon samples suggest that there are certain threshold values of these quantities which, when exceeded, have a dramatic effect on the H2S breakthrough capacity.

Production of hydrogen and sulfur from hydrogen sulfide

1995-01-01

J. Zaman , A. Chakma

Sulfur in Plant Materials by Digestion with Nitric and Perchloric Acid

1965-01-01

R. W. Blanchar , G. W. Rehm , A. C. Caldwell

Abstract A method for the determination of S in plant materials is described. The material is oxidized by nitric and perchloric acid using a heating block to reduce perchloric acid … Abstract A method for the determination of S in plant materials is described. The material is oxidized by nitric and perchloric acid using a heating block to reduce perchloric acid loss. The SO 4 content of the solution is determined turbidimetrically as BaSO 4 . The proposed method has been found to be more accurate and rapid than the conventional dry ashing procedures for the determination of S in plant material.

Adsorption/Oxidation of Hydrogen Sulfide on Nitrogen-Containing Activated Carbons

1999-12-15

Foad Adib , Andrey Bagreev , Teresa J. Bandosz

Wood-based activated carbon was modified by impregnation with urea and heat treatment at 450 and 950 °C. The chemical and physical properties of materials were determined using acid/base titration, FTIR, … Wood-based activated carbon was modified by impregnation with urea and heat treatment at 450 and 950 °C. The chemical and physical properties of materials were determined using acid/base titration, FTIR, thermal analysis, IGC, and sorption of nitrogen. The surface features were compared to those of a commercial urea-modified carbon. Then, the H2S breakthrough capacity tests were carried out, and the sorption capacity was evaluated. The results showed that urea-modified sorbents have a capacity similar to that of the received material; however, the conversion of hydrogen sulfide to a water-soluble species is significantly higher. It happens due to a high dispersion of basic nitrogen compounds in the small pores of carbons, where oxidation of hydrogen sulfide ions to sulfur radicals followed by the creation of sulfur oxides and sulfuric acid occurs. It is proposed that the process proceeds gradually, from small pores to larger, and that the degree of microporosity is an important factor.

Simultaneous removal of SO2 and NO by wet scrubbing using aqueous chlorine dioxide solution

2006-01-27

Di Jin , B. R. Deshwal , Yong Min Park +1 more

Use of limestone for SO2 removal from flue gas in the semidry FGD process with a powder-particle spouted bed

2000-10-01

Xiaoxun Ma , Takao Kaneko , Tsutomu Tashimo +2 more

Free-radical chemistry of sulfite.

1985-12-01

P. Neta , Robert E. Huie

The free-radical chemistry of sulfite oxidation is reviewed. Chemical transformations of organic and biological molecules induced by sulfite oxidation are summarized. The kinetics of the free-radical oxidations of sulfite are … The free-radical chemistry of sulfite oxidation is reviewed. Chemical transformations of organic and biological molecules induced by sulfite oxidation are summarized. The kinetics of the free-radical oxidations of sulfite are discussed, as are the kinetics of the reactions of the sulfite-derived radicals SO3 and the peroxy derivative SO5 with organic compounds.

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Review of Mid- to High-Temperature Sulfur Sorbents for Desulfurization of Biomass- and Coal-derived Syngas

2009-10-16

Singfoong Cheah , Daniel Carpenter , Kimberly A. Magrini‐Bair

This review examines state-of-the-art mid- and high-temperature sulfur sorbents that remove hydrogen sulfide (H2S) from syngas generated from coal gasification and may be applicable for use with biomass-derived syngas. Biomass … This review examines state-of-the-art mid- and high-temperature sulfur sorbents that remove hydrogen sulfide (H2S) from syngas generated from coal gasification and may be applicable for use with biomass-derived syngas. Biomass feedstocks contain low percentages of protein-derived sulfur that is converted primarily to H2S, as well as small amounts of carbonyl sulfide (COS) and organosulfur compounds during pyrolysis and gasification. These sulfur species must be removed from the raw syngas before it is used for downstream fuel synthesis or power generation. Several types of sorbents based on zinc, copper, iron, calcium, manganese, and ceria have been developed over the last two decades that are capable of removing H2S from dry coal-derived syngas at mid- to high-temperature ranges. Further improvement is necessary to develop materials more suitable for desulfurization of biomass-derived syngas because of its hydrocarbon, tar, and potentially high steam content, which presents different challenges as compared to desulfurization of coal-derived syngas.

Photochemical production of hydrogen with zinc sulfide suspensions

1984-11-01

Jean Francois Reber , Kurt Meier

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotochemical production of hydrogen with zinc sulfide suspensionsJean Francois Reber and Kurt MeierCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1984, 88, 24, 5903–5913Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1984Publication History Published … ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotochemical production of hydrogen with zinc sulfide suspensionsJean Francois Reber and Kurt MeierCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1984, 88, 24, 5903–5913Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j150668a032https://doi.org/10.1021/j150668a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2091Altmetric-Citations326LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts

Simultaneous removal of NO and SO2 from coal-fired flue gas by UV/H2O2 advanced oxidation process

2010-07-09

Yangxian Liu , Jun Zhang , Changdong Sheng +2 more

Sustainable chlorine recycling via catalysed HCl oxidation: from fundamentals to implementation

2011-01-01

Javier Pérez‐Ramírez , Cecilia Mondelli , Timm Schmidt +4 more

The heterogeneously catalysed oxidation of HCl to Cl2 comprises a sustainable route to recover chlorine from HCl-containing streams in the chemical industry. Conceived by Henry Deacon in 1868, this process … The heterogeneously catalysed oxidation of HCl to Cl2 comprises a sustainable route to recover chlorine from HCl-containing streams in the chemical industry. Conceived by Henry Deacon in 1868, this process has been rejuvenated in the last decade due to increased chlorine demand and the growing excess of by-product HCl from chlorination processes. This reaction suffered from many sterile attempts in the past two centuries to obtain sufficiently active and durable catalysts. Intense research efforts have culminated in the recent industrial implementation of RuO2-based catalysts for HCl oxidation. This paper reviews the new generation of technologies for chlorine recycling under the umbrella of Catalysis Engineering, that is, tackling the microlevel (catalyst design), mesolevel (reactor design), and macrolevel (process design). Key steps in the development are emphasised, including lab-scale catalyst screening, advanced catalyst characterisation, mechanistic and kinetic studies over model and real systems, strategies for large-scale catalyst production, mini-plant tests with a technical catalyst, and reactor design. Future perspectives, challenges, and needs in the field of catalysed Cl2 production are discussed. Scenarios motivating the choice between catalysed HCl oxidation and HCl electrolysis or their integration for optimal chlorine recycling technology are put forward.

Sulfur removal at high temperature during coal combustion in furnaces: a review

2003-01-01

Jun Cheng , Junhu Zhou , Jianzhong Liu +5 more

EXTIRPATION OF THE CHOROID PLEXUS OF THE LATERAL VENTRICLES IN COMMUNICATING HYDROCEPHALUS

1918-12-01

WALTER E. DANDY

Adsorption in micropores

1967-04-01

M. M. Dubinin

Status of Flue Gas Desulphurisation (FGD) systems from coal-fired power plants: Overview of the physic-chemical control processes of wet limestone FGDs

2014-12-26

Patricia Córdoba

The low-temperature hydrolysis of carbonyl sulfide and carbon disulfide: a review

2000-06-01

Colin Rhodes , Stewart A. Riddel , John West +2 more

Simultaneous removal of NOx, SO2 and Hg in nitrogen flow in a narrow reactor by ozone injection: Experimental results

2007-05-19

Zhihua Wang , Junhu Zhou , Yanqun Zhu +3 more

Oxy-fuel combustion of solid fuels

2010-04-01

Maja Bøg Toftegaard , Jacob Brix , Peter Arendt Jensen +2 more

Correlating quartz dissolution kinetics in pure water from 25 to 625°C

1994-06-01

Jefferson W. Tester , William Gabriel Worley , Bruce A. Robinson +2 more

Reaction pathways of trihalomethane formation from the halogenation of dihydroxyaromatic model compounds for humic acid

1983-04-01

Scott D. Boyce , James F. Hornig

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReaction pathways of trihalomethane formation from the halogenation of dihydroxyaromatic model compounds for humic acidScott D. Boyce and James F. HornigCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1983, 17, … ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReaction pathways of trihalomethane formation from the halogenation of dihydroxyaromatic model compounds for humic acidScott D. Boyce and James F. HornigCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1983, 17, 4, 202–211Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es00110a005https://doi.org/10.1021/es00110a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1394Altmetric-Citations189LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts

Flue Gas Desulfurization: The State of the Art

2001-12-01

Ravi K. Srivastava , W. Jozewicz

Coal-fired electricity-generating plants may use SO2 scrubbers to meet the requirements of Phase II of the Acid Rain SO2 Reduction Program. Additionally, the use of scrubbers can result in reduction … Coal-fired electricity-generating plants may use SO2 scrubbers to meet the requirements of Phase II of the Acid Rain SO2 Reduction Program. Additionally, the use of scrubbers can result in reduction of Hg and other emissions from combustion sources. It is timely, therefore, to examine the current status of SO2 scrubbing technologies. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the state of the art in flue gas desulfurization (FGD) technologies for coal-fired boilers. Data on worldwide FGD applications reveal that wet FGD technologies, and specifically wet limestone FGD, have been predominantly selected over other FGD technologies. However, lime spray drying (LSD) is being used at the majority of the plants employing dry FGD technologies. Additional review of the U.S. FGD technology applications that began operation in 1991 through 1995 reveals that FGD processes of choice recently in the United States have been wet limestone FGD, magnesium-enhanced lime (MEL), and LSD. Further, of the wet limestone processes, limestone forced oxidation (LSFO) has been used most often in recent applications. The SO2 removal performance of scrubbers has been reviewed. Data reflect that most wet limestone and LSD installations appear to be capable of approximately 90% SO2 removal. Advanced, state-of-the-art wet scrubbers can provide SO2 removal in excess of 95%. Costs associated with state-of-the-art applications of LSFO, MEL, and LSD technologies have been analyzed with appropriate cost models. Analyses indicate that the capital cost of an LSD system is lower than those of same capacity LSFO and MEL systems, reflective of the relatively less complex hardware used in LSD. Analyses also reflect that, based on total annualized cost and SO2 removal requirements: (1) plants up to approximately 250 MWe in size and firing low- to medium-sulfur coals (i.e., coals with a sulfur content of 2% or lower) may use LSD; and (2) plants larger than 250 MWe and firing medium- to high-sulfur coals (i.e., coals with a sulfur content of 2% or higher) may use either LSFO or MEL.

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On the Adsorption/Oxidation of Hydrogen Sulfide on Activated Carbons at Ambient Temperatures

2002-02-01

Teresa J. Bandosz

Regenerative Adsorption and Removal of H 2 S from Hot Fuel Gas Streams by Rare Earth Oxides

2006-06-08

Maria Flytzani‐Stephanopoulos , Mann Sakbodin , Zheng Wang

Sorbent materials that allow for high-temperature, regenerative desulfurization of fuel gas streams for the anode of a solid oxide fuel cell have been developed. Reversible adsorption of H 2 S … Sorbent materials that allow for high-temperature, regenerative desulfurization of fuel gas streams for the anode of a solid oxide fuel cell have been developed. Reversible adsorption of H 2 S on cerium and lanthanum oxide surfaces is demonstrated over many cycles at temperatures as high as 800°C, on both fresh or presulfided sorbents, and at very high space velocities. The adsorption and desorption processes are very fast, and removal of H 2 S to sub–parts per million levels is achieved at very short (millisecond) contact times. Any type of sulfur-free gas, including water vapor, can be used to regenerate the sorbent surface. Preferably, the anode off-gas stream is used to sweep the desorbed H 2 S to a burner.

Pore structure and surface chemistry of adsorbents obtained by pyrolysis of sewage sludge-derived fertilizer

2001-11-01

Andrey Bagreev , Teresa J. Bandosz , David C. Locke

Acidization—I. The dissolution of dolomite in hydrochloric acid

1973-03-01

Kasper Lund , H. Scott Fogler , C.C. McCune

Simultaneous absorption of SO2 and NO from flue gas with KMnO4/NaOH solutions

2001-07-01

Hone‐Jay Chu , Tsung-Wen Chien , Shi Li

Synthesis of solid superacid catalyst with acid strength of H0⩽–16.04

1980-01-01

Makoto Hino , Kazushi Arata

A solid superacid catalyst with an acid strength of H0⩽–16·04, which was active for reactions of propane and butane, was obtained by exposing Zr(OH)4, prepared by the hydrolyses of ZrOCl2 … A solid superacid catalyst with an acid strength of H0⩽–16·04, which was active for reactions of propane and butane, was obtained by exposing Zr(OH)4, prepared by the hydrolyses of ZrOCl2 and ZrO(NO3)2, to 1 N H2SO4 and then calcining in air at 575–650 °C.

Hydrogen Sulfide Adsorption on MOFs and MOF/Graphite Oxide Composites

2010-10-13

Camille Petit , Barbara Mendoza , Teresa J. Bandosz

Abstract Composites of a copper‐based metal‐organic framework (MOF) and graphite oxide (GO) were tested for hydrogen sulfide removal at ambient conditions. In order to understand the mechanisms of adsorption, the … Abstract Composites of a copper‐based metal‐organic framework (MOF) and graphite oxide (GO) were tested for hydrogen sulfide removal at ambient conditions. In order to understand the mechanisms of adsorption, the initial and exhausted samples were analyzed by various techniques including X‐ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analyses, and sorption of nitrogen. Compared to the parent materials, an enhancement in hydrogen sulfide adsorption was found. It was the result of physical adsorption of water and H 2 S in the pore space formed at the interface between the MOF units and the graphene layers where the dispersive forces are the strongest. Besides physisorption, reactive adsorption was found as the main mechanism of retention. H 2 S molecules bind to the copper centers of the MOF. They progressively react with the MOF units resulting in the formation of copper sulfide. This leads to the collapse of the MOF structure. Water enhances adsorption in the composites as it allows the dissolution of hydrogen sulfide.

SO2 scrubbing technologies: A review

2001-12-01

Ravi K. Srivastava , W. Jozewicz , Carl F. Singer

Abstract Electricity generating units may use sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) scrubbers to meet the requirements of Phase II of the Acid Rain SO 2 Reduction Program. Additionally, the use … Abstract Electricity generating units may use sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) scrubbers to meet the requirements of Phase II of the Acid Rain SO 2 Reduction Program. Additionally, the use of scrubbers can reduce mercury emissions. It is timely, therefore, to review the commercially available flue gas desulfurization (FGD) technologies that have an established record of performance. Data on worldwide applications reflect that wet FGD technologies have been used at most of the installations, 522 out of 668, completed through 1998. In reviewing the SO 2 removal performance of scrubbers, data reflect that most wet limestone and lime spray drying installations appear to be capable of about 90% SO 2 removal. Advanced, state‐of‐the‐art wet scrubbers can provide removal in excess of 95%. This paper also reviews recently reported advances in SO 2 scrubbing technologies. Some of these advances have been aimed at improving the performance and cost‐effectiveness of established processes. Others, like wet ammonia FGD, have focused on developing new processes. Costs associated with limestone forced oxidation (LSFO) technology are analyzed.

Bituminous coal-based activated carbons modified with nitrogen as adsorbents of hydrogen sulfide

2004-01-01

Andrey Bagreev , J.Á. Menéndez , Irina Dukhno +2 more

SOx/NOx Removal from Flue Gas Streams by Solid Adsorbents: A Review of Current Challenges and Future Directions

2015-08-05

Fateme Rezaei , Ali A. Rownaghi , Saman Monjezi +2 more

One of the main challenges in the power and chemical industries is to remove generated toxic or environmentally harmful gases before atmospheric emission. To comply with stringent environmental and pollutant … One of the main challenges in the power and chemical industries is to remove generated toxic or environmentally harmful gases before atmospheric emission. To comply with stringent environmental and pollutant emissions control regulations, coal-fired power plants must be equipped with new technologies that are efficient and less energy-intensive than status quo technologies for flue gas cleanup. While conventional sulfur oxide (SOx) and nitrogen oxide (NOx) removal technologies benefit from their large-scale implementation and maturity, they are quite energy-intensive. In view of this, the development of lower-cost, less energy-intensive technologies could offer an advantage. Significant energy and cost savings can potentially be realized by using advanced adsorbent materials. One of the major barriers to the development of such technologies remains the development of materials that are efficient and productive in removing flue gas contaminants. In this review, adsorption-based removal of SOx/NOx impurities from flue gas is discussed, with a focus on important attributes of the solid adsorbent materials as well as implementation of the materials in conventional and emerging acid gas removal technologies. The requirements for effective adsorbents are noted with respect to their performance, key limitations, and suggested future research directions. The final section includes some key areas for future research and provides a possible roadmap for the development of technologies for the removal of flue gas impurities that are more efficient and cost-effective than status quo approaches.

H2S-Selective Catalytic Oxidation: Catalysts and Processes

2014-12-26

Xin Zhang , Yuyin Tang , Siqiu Qu +2 more

The most widely used catalysts and processes for H2S-selective catalytic oxidation are overviewed in this review. Two kinds of catalysts have been investigated intensively: carbon-based catalysts (active carbon catalyst, carbon … The most widely used catalysts and processes for H2S-selective catalytic oxidation are overviewed in this review. Two kinds of catalysts have been investigated intensively: carbon-based catalysts (active carbon catalyst, carbon nanotube catalyst, and carbon nanofiber catalyst), metal oxide-based catalysts (metal oxide catalyst, oxide-supported catalyst, and clay-supported catalyst). Among them, carbon-based catalysts are utilized mainly in discontinuous processes at relatively low temperatures, whereas metal oxide catalysts are the most widely used in practice. However, the reaction temperature is relatively high. Fortunately, a MgAlVO catalyst derived from LDH materials and intercalated clay-supported catalysts exhibit excellent catalytic activities at relatively lower temperatures. According to various studies, the catalytic behaviors mainly obey the Mars–van Krevelen mechanism; however, the catalyst deactivation mechanism differs, depending on the catalyst. In practice, the mobil direct oxidation process (MODOP), super-Claus and Euro-Claus processes were developed for H2S-selective catalytic oxidation. Nevertheless, MODOP has to proceed under water-free conditions. The super-Claus process can operate in up to 30% water content. The Euro-Claus process is a modified version of the super-Claus process, which was developed to eliminate recovery losses of escaped SO2.

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Application Technique and Slurry Co‐Fermentation Effects on Ammonia, Nitrous Oxide, and Methane Emissions after Spreading

2002-11-01

Sebastian Wulf , M. Maeting , Joachim Clemens

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different application techniques on greenhouse gas emission from co-fermented slurry. Ammonia (NH3), nitrous oxide (N2O), and methane (CH4) emissions … The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different application techniques on greenhouse gas emission from co-fermented slurry. Ammonia (NH3), nitrous oxide (N2O), and methane (CH4) emissions were measured in two field experiments with four different application techniques on arable and grassland sites. To gather information about fermentation effects, unfermented slurry was also tested, but with trail hose application only. Co-fermented slurry was applied in April at a rate of 30 m3 ha(-1). Measurements were made every 4 h on the first day after application and were continued for 6 wk with gradually decreasing sampling frequency. Methane emissions were <150 g C ha(-1) from co-fermentation products and seemed to result from dissolved CH4. Only in the grassland experiment were emissions from unfermented slurry significantly higher, with wetter weather conditions probably promoting CH4 production. Nitrous oxide emission was significantly increased by injection on arable and grassland sites two- and threefold, respectively. Ammonia emissions were smallest after injection or trail shoe application and are discussed in the preceding paper. We evaluated the climatic relevance of the measured gas emissions from the different application techniques based on the comparison of CO2 equivalents. It was evident that NH3 emission reduction, which can be achieved by injection, is at least compensated by increased N2O emissions. Our results indicate that on arable land, trail hose application with immediate shallow incorporation, and on grassland, trail shoe application, bear the smallest risks of high greenhouse gas emissions when fertilizing with co-fermented slurry.

Competition and Inhibition of Sulfate Reducers and Methane Producers in Anaerobic Treatment

1991-04-01

Euiso Choi , Jay M. Rim

Competition for substrate between sulfate reducing and methane producing bacteria, and the inhibitory effects of sulfide produced from microbial sulfate reduction were investigated in this study for the selection of … Competition for substrate between sulfate reducing and methane producing bacteria, and the inhibitory effects of sulfide produced from microbial sulfate reduction were investigated in this study for the selection of a proper anaerobic treatment process using laboratory anaerobic contact units. Substrates used were both synthetic waste with various COD/SO42− ratios, and industrial wastes. Sulfate reducers and methane producers were very competitive at COD/SO42− ratio of 1.7 to 2.7. As the ratio increased/methane producers predominated, and sulfate reducers were predominating as the ratio decreased. Inhibitory concentrations were 2000 mg/l sulfate (160 to 200 mg/l sulfide) for sulfate reducers and 1200 mg/l sulfate (120 to 140 mg/l sulfide) for methane producers with synthetic substrate. But sulfide inhibitory concentrations were varied with hydraulic or organic loading rates and substrate used. As loading rates increased/the inhibitory effect was greater. A sulfide concentration of 240mg/l did not inhibit methane producers for sea-food waste treatment.

Hydrogen Sulfide Capture: From Absorption in Polar Liquids to Oxide, Zeolite, and Metal–Organic Framework Adsorbents and Membranes

2017-07-05

Mansi S. Shah , Michael Tsapatsis , J. Ilja Siepmann

Hydrogen sulfide removal is a long-standing economic and environmental challenge faced by the oil and gas industries. H2S separation processes using reactive and non-reactive absorption and adsorption, membranes, and cryogenic … Hydrogen sulfide removal is a long-standing economic and environmental challenge faced by the oil and gas industries. H2S separation processes using reactive and non-reactive absorption and adsorption, membranes, and cryogenic distillation are reviewed. A detailed discussion is presented on new developments in adsorbents, such as ionic liquids, metal oxides, metals, metal-organic frameworks, zeolites, carbon-based materials, and composite materials; and membrane technologies for H2S removal. This Review attempts to exhaustively compile the existing literature on sour gas sweetening and to identify promising areas for future developments in the field.

Simultaneous absorption of SO2 and NO from flue gas using ultrasound/Fe2+/heat coactivated persulfate system

2017-08-19

Yangxian Liu , Ziyang Liu , Yan Wang +4 more

Recent advances in flue gas desulfurization gypsum processes and applications – A review

2019-09-24

Nadeesha H. Koralegedara , Patricio X. Pinto , Dionysios D. Dionysiou +1 more

Gas‚ÄìLiquid Reactions

2002-11-06

Removal of Hydrogen Sulfide From Various Industrial Gases: A Review of The Most Promising Adsorbing Materials

2020-05-08

Amvrosios G. Georgiadis , Nikolaos D. Charisiou , Maria A. Goula

The separation of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) from gas streams has significant economic and environmental repercussions for the oil and gas industries. The present work reviews H2S separation via nonreactive and … The separation of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) from gas streams has significant economic and environmental repercussions for the oil and gas industries. The present work reviews H2S separation via nonreactive and reactive adsorption from various industrial gases, focusing on the most commonly used materials i.e., natural or synthetic zeolites, activated carbons, and metal oxides. In respect to cation-exchanged zeolites, attention should also be paid to parameters such as structural and performance regenerability, low adsorption temperatures, and thermal conductivities, in order to create more efficient materials in terms of H2S adsorption. Although in the literature it is reported that activated carbons can generally achieve higher adsorption capacities than zeolites and metal oxides, they exhibit poor regeneration potential. Future work should mainly focus on finding the optimum temperature, solvent concentration, and regeneration time in order to increase regeneration efficiency. Metal oxides have also been extensively used as adsorbents for hydrogen sulfide capture. Among these materials, ZnO and Cu–Zn–O have been studied the most, as they seem to offer improved H2S adsorption capacities. However, there is a clear lack of understanding in relation to the basic sulfidation mechanisms. The elucidation of these reaction mechanisms will be a toilsome but necessary undertaking in order to design materials with high regenerative capacity and structural reversibility.

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Summary of research progress on industrial flue gas desulfurization technology

2021-10-19

Xueke Li , Jin-ru Han , Yan Liu +2 more

Desulfurization of raw naphtha cuts using hybrid systems based on acoustic cavitation and advanced oxidation processes (AOPs)

2022-02-23

Elvana Çako , Reza Darvishi Cheshmeh Soltani , Xun Sun +1 more

Mass-transport limitation to the rate of reaction of gases in liquid droplets: Application to oxidation of SO2 in aqueous solutions

1981-01-01

Stephen E. Schwartz , Johnny Freiberg

Dominant Factor Identification and Predictive Modeling of PM2.5-Bound Sulfate from Chinese Coal-Fired Power Plants

2025-06-23

Xuehan Wang , Ruiqing Huo , Wenli Sun +4 more | Environmental Science & Technology Letters

Fe-rich mineral-based composite fiber as mesoporous adsorbent towards hydrogen-sulfide treatment

2025-06-21

Khoa Dang Nguyen , Takaomi Kobayashi , Yuze Li +3 more | Journal of Porous Materials

Preparation and characterization of black garlic peels-derived activated carbon to improve H2S adsorption at room-temperature

2025-06-20

Dengle Duan , Shuo Xu , Yingwei Zhou +4 more | Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

Selection of High-Performance Sorbent for H2S Removal and Regulation of Reaction Products via Thermodynamic Simulation

2025-06-19

Yanni Xuan , Syd S. Peng , Hong Tian +3 more | Materials

Thermodynamic simulations of the H2S removal from blast furnace gas by metal oxides were conducted to select a suitable metal desulfurizer. Notably, the Mn oxides demonstrated themselves as the optimal … Thermodynamic simulations of the H2S removal from blast furnace gas by metal oxides were conducted to select a suitable metal desulfurizer. Notably, the Mn oxides demonstrated themselves as the optimal H2S removal agents. They are characterized by the absence of radioactive pollution, high cost-effectiveness, high sulfur fixation potential, and non-reactivity with CO2, CO, and CH4. Through a comprehensive comparison of Mn oxides, the sulfur fixation potential and sulfur capacity were elucidated as follows: Mn3O4 > Mn2O3 > MnO2 > MnO. The higher-valence manganese oxides were shown to have stronger oxidation ability, larger sulfur capacity, and the advantage of producing elemental sulfur with high utilization value during the reaction. After selecting Mn oxides as the optimal H2S removal agents, an equilibrium component analysis of the regeneration process of the sulfided MnS was carried out. The results indicate that an oxygen amount that is 1.5 times that of MnS is the optimal dosage, and such an amount can oxidize all of the MnS at a relatively low temperature. Conversely, a diluted oxygen concentration can further reduce the temperature of the regeneration process, preventing the sintering of the regenerated desulfurizer and thus maintaining its reusability. This research provides a sufficient theoretical basis for the use of Mn oxides as active components of desulfurizers to remove H2S from blast furnace gas and for the regeneration of MnS after desulfurization.

Feasibility Study Toward Biogas Purification of H2S Impurities Using Wet and Dry Banana Leaves

2025-06-19

| Global NEST Journal

Biogas, an alternative technology that produces environmentally friendly fuels, usually contains impurities which may infer the performance of combustion. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) gas is one of the impurities in the … Biogas, an alternative technology that produces environmentally friendly fuels, usually contains impurities which may infer the performance of combustion. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) gas is one of the impurities in the biogas. This study’s objective is to assess the removal of hydrogen sulfide using banana leaves. Dry and wet banana leaves were selected to remove pure H2S gas using simple arranged equipment. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX) analysis was also performed to establish the effect of H2S adsorption on the surface of banana leaves. The adsorption capacity was determined using the adsorption isotherm equation. Wet banana leaves have a higher H2S gas adsorption efficiency then dry banana leaves. Based on the SEM image, the morphology of the banana leaves after adsorption shows that there are more materials attached to the surface of the leaves than before adsorption. The adsorption capacity of wet leaves is 1.25–1.29 times greater than those of dry leaves, based on the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms. Based on this study, banana leaves have the potential to be used as an impurity remover for H2S in biogas. Further research with real biogas stocks is needed to obtain their true efficiency.

Effective Control of Condensable Particulate Matter from Coal-Fired Flue Gas Using Alkaline Sorbent and Activated Carbon

2025-06-18

Jeongmin Park , Seungjin Choi , Sang-Sup Lee | ACS Omega

Study on the Characteristics of High-Temperature and High-Pressure Spray Flash Evaporation for Zero-Liquid Discharge of Desulfurization Wastewater

2025-06-17

Lanshui Zhang , Liu Zhong | Energies

Zero-liquid discharge (ZLD) of desulfurization wastewater from coal-fired power plants is a critical challenge in the thermal power industry. Flash evaporation technology provides an efficient method for wastewater concentration and … Zero-liquid discharge (ZLD) of desulfurization wastewater from coal-fired power plants is a critical challenge in the thermal power industry. Flash evaporation technology provides an efficient method for wastewater concentration and the recovery of high-quality freshwater resources. In this study, numerical simulations of the high-temperature and high-pressure spray flash evaporation process within a flash tank were conducted using the Discrete Phase Model (DPM) and a self-developed heat and mass transfer model for superheated droplets under depressurization conditions. The effects of feedwater temperature, pressure, nozzle spray angle, and mass flow rate on spray flash evaporation characteristics were systematically analyzed. Key findings reveal that (1) feedwater temperature is the dominant factor, with the vaporization rate significantly increasing from 19.78% to 55.88% as temperature rises from 240 °C to 360 °C; (2) higher pressure reduces equilibrium time (flash evaporation is complete within 6 ms) but shows negligible impact on final vaporization efficiency (stabilized at 33.93%); (3) increasing the spray angle provides limited improvement to water recovery efficiency (<1%); (4) an optimal mass flow rate exists (0.2 t/h), achieving a peak vaporization rate of 42.6% due to balanced evaporation space utilization. This work provides valuable insights for industrial applications in desulfurization wastewater treatment.

Absorption-Based Optimization Technologies for Acid Gas Removal Units: A Review of Recent Trends and Challenges

2025-06-16

Rafi Jusar Wishnuwardana , Madiah Omar , Haslinda Zabiri +3 more | Processes

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and carbon dioxide (CO2) can cause various damages that degrade the quality of natural gas before it reaches end users and contribute to environmental pollution. Therefore, it … Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and carbon dioxide (CO2) can cause various damages that degrade the quality of natural gas before it reaches end users and contribute to environmental pollution. Therefore, it is crucial to eliminate these contaminants to ensure effective usage and prolong equipment lifetime. An acid gas removal unit (AGRU) is a well-known type of equipment for removing H2S and CO2 from natural gas. Forty-six recent research papers have focused on the landscape of the AGRU process and its optimization strategies through experimental and simulation methods, which rely heavily on mathematical approaches. These techniques are often costly and time-consuming. Conversely, discussions on data-driven approaches as optimization techniques for AGRUs are limited. Therefore, this review highlights the potential advancements of data-driven strategies toward AGRU performance. Numerous predictive models of AGRU-related parameters, including H2S and CO2, operating parameters, and material discovery, are discussed in detail. Furthermore, predictive models of fault detection and its prevention are also examined. The literature confirms that data-driven approaches exhibit effective capabilities to enhance the operational performance of AGRUs. This could help industry operators and stakeholders maintain reliable operation and optimize the AGRU’s performance.

Experimental Study on Pollutants Treatment in Desulfurization Wastewater by Oxidation Using Electrodialysis–Electrolysis Method

2025-06-16

Jiahai Zuo , Guang‐Hui Dong , Xiaoqi Wang +7 more | Water and Environment Journal

ABSTRACT Desulfurization wastewater is among the most challenging types of wastewater in coal‐fired power plant operations, and effective treatment is essential for zero discharge. This study proposes an electrolysis–electrodialysis process … ABSTRACT Desulfurization wastewater is among the most challenging types of wastewater in coal‐fired power plant operations, and effective treatment is essential for zero discharge. This study proposes an electrolysis–electrodialysis process to remove Cl − from desulfurization wastewater while generating process water and hypochlorous acid. The experiment used an electrodialysis–electrolysis device to treat simulated and real‐world desulfurization wastewater samples, investigating the impact of various factors on the processes' feasibility and effectiveness. Results showed that a current density of 30 mA/cm 2 optimized ion selectivity and chloride ion removal efficiency, achieving 60% and 75% removal rates for ammonia nitrogen and COD concentrations of 678.8 and 294.9 mg/L, respectively. These findings demonstrate the potential of using an electrodialysis–electrolysis device for efficient desulfurization wastewater treatment and resource utilization.

Special Issue Based on 8th International Conference on Catalysis and Chemical Engineering

2025-06-15

Elisabeth Egholm Jacobsen , Mannar R. Maurya , Astrid Müller | Topics in Catalysis

Criegee Intermediates Compete Well with OH as a Cleaning Agent for Atmospheric Amides

2025-06-13

Bo Long , Chan Xie , Donald G. Truhlar | Journal of the American Chemical Society

Elucidating the chemical kinetics of stabilized Criegee intermediates (sCIs) in the atmosphere is critically important for climate modeling. Here, we report a class of very rapid bimolecular reactions of two … Elucidating the chemical kinetics of stabilized Criegee intermediates (sCIs) in the atmosphere is critically important for climate modeling. Here, we report a class of very rapid bimolecular reactions of two sCIs, namely, CH2OO and syn-CH3CHOO, with amides. We used electronic structure calculations and kinetics calculations to elucidate a universal mechanism by which the oxygen atom of the carbonyl group in an amide is added to the carbon atom of the COO group in the sCI with simultaneous transfer of the amide hydrogen to the terminal oxygen atom of the carbonyl oxide of the sCI. The barriers for the mechanism are submerged below reactants by ∼9 kcal/mol, which means that the tight transition state is not the rate-determining step, and the rate constants are determined by loose free energy bottlenecks between the reactants and the precursor complexes. We calculate the rate constants due to these loose and barrierless transition states by variable-reaction-coordinate variational transition-state theory. We find that bimolecular reactions of sCIs with amides are very rapid, with rate constants 1 to 5 × 10-10 cm3 molecule-1 s-1, which is a factor of 2 faster than the rate constants of carboxylic acids with sCIs and 102 faster than the rate constants of OH reactions with amides. This has the consequence that, under a wide range of conditions, sCIs are the major sink for atmospheric amides, in contrast to the usual assumption that OH radicals are the dominant sinks.

Simultaneous and exceptionally efficient removal of H2S and CO2 from CH4 by novel protic thiolate ionic liquids

2025-06-13

H. Lan , Mingzhen Shi , Xingbang Hu +1 more | Chemical Engineering Journal

Investigation into the Effect of Adsorbed Water on Absorption of H2S in an MDEA Aqueous Solution Enhanced by ZnO Nanoparticles

2025-06-12

Mengxi Zhao , Mengyu Ma | ACS Omega

Experimental Study of Industrial Dust Gas Cleaning Using Vortex Scrubber

2025-06-10

О. С. Дмитриева , Vitaly Kharkov , А. Н. Николаев | Ecology and Industry of Russia

A vortex scrubber has been developed to for dust gas cleaning, in which centrifugal particle deposition is combined with inertial particle deposition on droplets of sprayed liquid. To determine the … A vortex scrubber has been developed to for dust gas cleaning, in which centrifugal particle deposition is combined with inertial particle deposition on droplets of sprayed liquid. To determine the overall efficiency of dust gas stream separation in the vortex scrubber, it is essential to evaluate the effect of particle dispersion on deposition. The aim of the work is to experimentally determine fractionation efficiency processes of separation of solid particles in the vortex scrubber. Sieve and microscopic analysis of the dispersion composition of powders with different dispersions and densities (talc, aluminum oxide, precipitate) which were used as solid impurities in the cleaning of dusted air. The total and fractionation efficiency of gas cleaning in the vortex scrubber are determined according to the operating parameters of the process. It was found that the fractionation efficiency of the separation process increases with the increase of the flow rate of the spraying liquid and the degree of flow rotation.

Waste Valorization into K-Doped Alumina Catalysts via Al-MOF Templates for Efficient COS Hydrolysis

2025-06-01

Jia-Yin Lin , Jia-Yu Lee , Pei-Tzu Chang +1 more | Journal of environmental chemical engineering

A State of the Art Treatment route of Flue Gases using Microbubbles

2025-06-01

Parveen Dalal , Sridhar Dalai , Snigdha Khuntia | Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification

Highly effective technology for ammonia abatement from industry operations

2025-06-01

Tomáš Prostějovský , Lucie Spáčilová , Martin Reli +2 more | Separation and Purification Technology

Novel EDTA modified steel slag-based catalyst for NO removal through heterogeneous Fenton processes

2025-06-01

Lingtao Liu , Yuan Xu , Zhigang Hu +6 more | Journal of Hazardous Materials

Technology Focus: Acidizing (June 2025)

2025-06-01

Chris Carpenter | Journal of Petroleum Technology

_ This year’s Acidizing feature presents three SPE conference papers that discuss an important battlefront of enhanced production—carbonate reservoirs, those plays whose heterogeneity, reactivity, and flow behavior pose challenges that … _ This year’s Acidizing feature presents three SPE conference papers that discuss an important battlefront of enhanced production—carbonate reservoirs, those plays whose heterogeneity, reactivity, and flow behavior pose challenges that remain comparatively little-understood, despite the industry’s intensified efforts to maximize their output. Acid stimulation has proved crucial in helping unlock the potential of carbonate reservoirs, and these papers explore ways in which its effectiveness can be sharpened. Paper SPE 218081 describes a stimulation method deployed in the Montney in which a tool containing a dry chemical is deployed downhole by wireline, initiating an extended exothermic reaction downhole that generates acid vapor at a target depth in front of the perforated interval, allowing each interval to be treated with specific acid blends. In addition to increasing effectiveness of treatment, the method also proved safe and cost-effective. An integrated two-scale continuum model that contemplates mass, momentum, and energy changes to study the acid-stimulation process in complex carbonate acid-stimulation systems with the development of fracture and vug networks is the focus of paper SPE 222126. Among other findings, the authors write that the presence of fracture and vug networks reduces the consumption of acid fluid required to break through the target core, and that these networks induce the development of wormhole paths within the matrix formation but do not alter the dissolution pattern corresponding to the specific acid-fluid-injection rate. Finally, in paper SPE 221914, the authors use modeling to demonstrate that autonomous flow-control devices—specifically, autonomous outflow-control devices (AOCDs)—can provide substantial value in stimulation operations, overcoming the challenge posed by carbonates of fairly distributing the acid treatment along the wellbore. They write that AOCDs will show the most benefits through prejob modeling but also react to dynamic changes that may occur along the wellbore, significantly reducing and managing the risks associated with matrix-acidization operations. Summarized Papers in This June 2025 Issue SPE 218081 - Targeted Acid-Stimulation Technique Enhances Production in the Montney by Fraser T. Smith, StimStixx Technologies, et al. SPE 222126 - Study Investigates Effect of Fracture and Vug Networks on Acid-Stimulation Process by Cunqi Jia, The University of Texas, et al. SPE 221914 - Autonomous Flow-Control Devices Optimize Matrix Acid Stimulation by Virochan Ganjoo, TAQA, et al. Recommended Additional Reading at OnePetro: www.onepetro.org SPE 222015 - Experimental Investigation of Degradable Solids Diverter Efficiency for Different Completions Used in Matrix Acid Stimulation by H Zhao, ExxonMobil, et al. SPE 223002 - Novel Density-Controlled Acidizing Approach: Weighted Single-Phase Retarded Acid System in Conjunction With Light-Density Gel Slugs and Fluidic Oscillator Technology Shows a Two-Fold Oil Production Increase and 10% Water-Cut Reduction in a Single Run, Case Study From Iraq by A.S. Masoodi, Halliburton, et al. SPE 221939 - Introduction of Stimulation With Single-Phase Retarded Acid Helps Achieve Superior Results in Highly Depleted Reservoir Newly Drilled Wells Offshore Republic of Congo by V. Mutschler, Perenco, et al.

A novel pathway for supersulfides production catalyzed by NOX and NOS

2025-05-30

Tsuyoshi Takata , Uladzimir Barayeu , Tetsuro Matsunaga +7 more | Free Radical Biology and Medicine

Defect-Rich Molybdenum Disulfide for Improved Hydrogen Production via H2S Reforming with CH4

2025-05-29

Yiwen Wang , Mengfei Zhao , Xiaoxiao Duan +5 more | ACS ES&T Engineering

Determination of Volatile Sulfur Compounds by MIL-53 (Al) Preconcentration and Gas Chromatography

2025-05-26

Ping Guo , Mei Tang , Miao Yu +2 more

Simultaneous Adsorption and Purification of Low-Concentration SO2 and H2S

2025-05-24

Xiaoli Cao , Lin Zhang , Qun Cui +1 more

The simultaneous adsorption and removal of low concentrations of SO2 and H2S using experimental and simulation methods were investigated in this paper. The adsorption breakthrough performance of the single-component SO2 … The simultaneous adsorption and removal of low concentrations of SO2 and H2S using experimental and simulation methods were investigated in this paper. The adsorption breakthrough performance of the single-component SO2 or H2S was determined in the activated carbon fixed-bed test. Langmuir and extended Langmuir equations in the Aspen adsorption module were used to describe the adsorption equilibrium of the single and bi-component SO2 and H2S system, respectively. The effects of gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) and temperature on the dynamic adsorption process of the bi-component SO2/H2S system were investigated. The concentration distribution and adsorption capacity of SO2/H2S in the bed were simulated. The results showed that the simulation for the single-component breakthrough curves of SO2 or H2S agreed well with the experimental data. It indicated that the model and simulation yielded engineering acceptable accuracy. For the bi-component adsorption, the competitive adsorption effect was observed, with H2S as the weakly adsorbed component and SO2 as the strongly adsorbed component. The dynamic adsorption process showed the sequence of initial adsorption, breakthrough, replacement, and equilibrium. The breakthrough curves were characterized by the distinct hump (roll-up) for H2S, resulting from the replacement effect. The influence of GHSV and the temperature on the dynamic adsorption process were investigated, revealing that the lower velocity and temperature enhanced the adsorption. This work might be used for the design and optimization of adsorption bed for the simultaneous removal of SO2 and H2S in Claus tail gas.