Engineering Computational Mechanics

Radiative Heat Transfer Studies

Description

This cluster of papers focuses on the analysis and modeling of radiative heat transfer, with an emphasis on inverse techniques, spectral properties, and interactions with participating media and turbulence. It includes research on Monte Carlo simulations, finite volume methods, and tomography-based reconstructions to study thermal radiation in various complex geometries and materials.

Keywords

Radiative Heat Transfer; Inverse Analysis; Thermal Radiation; Monte Carlo Simulation; Participating Media; Finite Volume Method; Spectral Properties; Turbulence-Radiation Interaction; Tomography-Based Reconstruction; Heat Transfer Modeling

Partial table of contents: FUNDAMENTALS OF RADIOMETRIC TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT. Physics of Thermal Radiation (D. DeWitt & F. Incropera). Thermal Radiative Properties of Materials (D. DeWitt & J. Richmond). RADIATION THERMOMETERS … Partial table of contents: FUNDAMENTALS OF RADIOMETRIC TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT. Physics of Thermal Radiation (D. DeWitt & F. Incropera). Thermal Radiative Properties of Materials (D. DeWitt & J. Richmond). RADIATION THERMOMETERS AND MEASUREMENT METHODS. Wide--Band Radiation Thermometers (R. Leftwich). Fast Radiation Thermometry (A. Cezairliyan, et al.). METHODS FOR CALIBRATION OF RADIATION THERMOMETERS. Calculation of Effective Emissivities of Cavity Sources of Thermal Radiation (R. Bedford). Detector--Based Traceability of Temperature Standards (A. Ono, et al.). APPLICATIONS OF RADIATION THERMOMETRY. Radiation Thermometry in the Steel Industry (F. Milhalow). The Application of Thermography for Building and Industrial Energy Management (P. Mill & G. McIntosh). Index.
This chapter presents a finite-volume (FV) method for computing radiation heat transfer processes. The main ingredients of the calculation procedure were presented by Chai et al. [1]. The resulting method … This chapter presents a finite-volume (FV) method for computing radiation heat transfer processes. The main ingredients of the calculation procedure were presented by Chai et al. [1]. The resulting method has been tested, refined and extended to account for various geometrical and physical complexities.
view Abstract Citations (539) References (7) Co-Reads Similar Papers Volume Content Graphics Metrics Export Citation NASA/ADS A flux-limited diffusion theory Levermore, C. D. ; Pomraning, G. C. Abstract A diffusion … view Abstract Citations (539) References (7) Co-Reads Similar Papers Volume Content Graphics Metrics Export Citation NASA/ADS A flux-limited diffusion theory Levermore, C. D. ; Pomraning, G. C. Abstract A diffusion theory for radiative transfer is derived which is naturally flux limited, i.e., the magnitude of the flux can be no greater than the density times the maximum transport speed. Numerical comparisons with exact solutions of the equation of transfer indicate that this approximate theory is significantly more accurate than classical isotropic diffusion theory (the Eddington approximation) and asymptotic diffusion theory. Publication: The Astrophysical Journal Pub Date: August 1981 DOI: 10.1086/159157 Bibcode: 1981ApJ...248..321L Keywords: Diffusion Theory; Radiant Flux Density; Radiative Transfer; Transport Theory; Boltzmann Transport Equation; Boundary Value Problems; Diffusion Coefficient; Gaseous Diffusion; Physics (General) full text sources ADS |
This book introduces the fundamental concepts of inverse heat transfer solutions and their applications for solving problems in convective, conductive, radiative, and multi-physics problems. Inverse Heat Transfer: Fundamentals and Applications, … This book introduces the fundamental concepts of inverse heat transfer solutions and their applications for solving problems in convective, conductive, radiative, and multi-physics problems. Inverse Heat Transfer: Fundamentals and Applications, Second Edition includes techniques within the Bayesian framework of statistics for the solution of inverse problems. By modernizing the classic work of the late Professor M. Necati Ozisik and adding new examples and problems, this new edition provides a powerful tool for instructors, researchers, and graduate students studying thermal-fluid systems and heat transfer. FEATURES Introduces the fundamental concepts of inverse heat transfer Presents in systematic fashion the basic steps of powerful inverse solution techniques Develops inverse techniques of parameter estimation, function estimation, and state estimation Applies these inverse techniques to the solution of practical inverse heat transfer problems Shows inverse techniques for conduction, convection, radiation, and multi-physics phenomena   M. Necati Ozisik (1923–2008) retired in 1998 as Professor Emeritus of North Carolina State University’s Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department. Helcio R. B. Orlande is a Professor of Mechanical Engineering at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), where he was the Department Head from 2006 to 2007.
The idea of exergy—a notion which nowadays is becoming increasingly widespread—was recently introduced into the field of radiation. In this paper formulas for the computation of exergy of heat radiation … The idea of exergy—a notion which nowadays is becoming increasingly widespread—was recently introduced into the field of radiation. In this paper formulas for the computation of exergy of heat radiation are set out. The ratio of exergy to the radiation energy has been considered and a discussion is presented of the dependence of substance exergy and radiation on temperature. In addition, the possible applications of radiation energy are mentioned as well as numerical examples using the relations derived in this paper.
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMorphology of flame-generated soot as determined by thermophoretic samplingR. A. Dobbins and C. M. MegaridisCite this: Langmuir 1987, 3, 2, 254–259Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1987Publication History Published … ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMorphology of flame-generated soot as determined by thermophoretic samplingR. A. Dobbins and C. M. MegaridisCite this: Langmuir 1987, 3, 2, 254–259Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00074a019https://doi.org/10.1021/la00074a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1819Altmetric-Citations422LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Abstract The finite-volume method has been shown to effectively predict radiant exchange in geometrically simple enclosures where the medium is gray, absorbing, emitting, and scattering. Cartesian and circular cylindrical meshes … Abstract The finite-volume method has been shown to effectively predict radiant exchange in geometrically simple enclosures where the medium is gray, absorbing, emitting, and scattering. Cartesian and circular cylindrical meshes have always been used. The present article shows that the method applies equally well to geometrically complex enclosures where nonorthogonal, boundary-fitted meshes are used. This development permits radiant heat transfer to be computed on the same mesh employed to solve the equations of fluid motion.
The physical meaning of the constant τ in Cattaneo and Vernotte’s equation for materials with a nonhomogeneous inner structure has been considered. An experimental determination of the constant τ has … The physical meaning of the constant τ in Cattaneo and Vernotte’s equation for materials with a nonhomogeneous inner structure has been considered. An experimental determination of the constant τ has been proposed and some values for selected products have been given. The range of differences in the description of heat transfer by parabolic and hyperbolic heat conduction equations has been discussed. Penetration time, heat flux, and temperature profiles have been taken into account using data from the literature and our experimental and calculated results.
A new “finite-volume” method is proposed to predict radiant heat transfer in enclosures with participating media. The method can conceptually be applied with the same nonorthogonal computational grids used to … A new “finite-volume” method is proposed to predict radiant heat transfer in enclosures with participating media. The method can conceptually be applied with the same nonorthogonal computational grids used to compute fluid flow and convective heat transfer. A fairly general version of the method is derived, and details are illustrated by applying it to several simple benchmark problems. Test results indicate that good accuracy is obtained on coarse computational grids, and that solution errors diminish rapidly as the grid is refined.
Abstract A computer code (acronym 5S) has been developed that allows estimation of the solar radiation backscattered by the Earth-surface-atmosphere system, as it is observed by a satellite sensor. Given … Abstract A computer code (acronym 5S) has been developed that allows estimation of the solar radiation backscattered by the Earth-surface-atmosphere system, as it is observed by a satellite sensor. Given the Lambertian ground reflectance, the apparent reflectance of the observed pixel is estimated by taking into account the effects of gaseous absorption, scattering by molecules and aerosols and, to some extent, inhomogeneity in the ground reflectance. The input parameters (observation geometry, atmosphere model, ground reflectance and spectral band) can be either selected from some proposed standard conditions (e.g. spectral bands of a satellite sensor) or user-defined. Besides the pixel apparent reflectance, the code provides the gaseous transmittance, the irradiance at the surface and the different contributions to the satellite signal according to the origin of the measured radiance. Some complementary results are also available; among others, benchmark calculations permit assessment of the code accuracy.
Keywords: transfert de chaleur ; conduction ; solides ; conditions : limites ; methodes : numeriques ; methode : integrale Reference Record created on 2005-11-18, modified on 2016-08-08 Keywords: transfert de chaleur ; conduction ; solides ; conditions : limites ; methodes : numeriques ; methode : integrale Reference Record created on 2005-11-18, modified on 2016-08-08
A new algorithm for modeling radiative transfer in inhomogeneous three-dimensional media is described. The spherical harmonics discrete ordinate method uses a spherical harmonic angular representation to reduce memory use and … A new algorithm for modeling radiative transfer in inhomogeneous three-dimensional media is described. The spherical harmonics discrete ordinate method uses a spherical harmonic angular representation to reduce memory use and time computing the source function. The radiative transfer equation is integrated along discrete ordinates through a spatial grid to model the streaming of radiation. An adaptive grid approach, which places additional points where they are most needed to improve accuracy, is implemented. The solution method is a type of successive order of scattering approach or Picard iteration. The model computes accurate radiances or fluxes in either the shortwave or longwave regions, even for highly peaked phase functions. Broadband radiative transfer is computed efficiently with a k distribution. The results of validation tests and examples illustrating the efficiency and accuracy of the algorithm are shown for simple geometries and realistic simulated clouds.
The pm-pose of this report is to describe work which has been carried out under the subject grant during the period from April 1, 1961, to October 1, 1961. Technical … The pm-pose of this report is to describe work which has been carried out under the subject grant during the period from April 1, 1961, to October 1, 1961. Technical supervision and guidance of the work was provided by Mr. Seymour Lieblein, Chief, Flow Physics Branch, NASA Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio.
A comprehensive discussion of heat transfer by thermal radiation is presented, including the radiative behavior of materials, radiation between surfaces, and gas radiation. Among the topics considered are property prediction … A comprehensive discussion of heat transfer by thermal radiation is presented, including the radiative behavior of materials, radiation between surfaces, and gas radiation. Among the topics considered are property prediction by electromagnetic theory, the observed properties of solid materials, radiation in the presence of other modes of energy transfer, the equations of transfer for an absorbing-emitting gas, and radiative transfer in scattering and absorbing media. Also considered are radiation exchange between black isothermal surfaces, radiation exchange in enclosures composed of diffuse gray surfaces and in enclosures having some specularly reflecting surfaces, and radiation exchange between nondiffuse nongray surfaces. The use of the Monte Carlo technique in solving radiant-exchange problems and problems of radiative transfer through absorbing-emitting media is explained.
By far the most commonly encountered and energy-intensive unit operation in almost all industrial sectors, industrial drying continues to attract the interest of scientists, researchers, and engineers. The Handbook of … By far the most commonly encountered and energy-intensive unit operation in almost all industrial sectors, industrial drying continues to attract the interest of scientists, researchers, and engineers. The Handbook of Industrial Drying, Fourth Edition not only delivers a comprehensive treatment of the current state of the art, but also serves as a
A comprehensive discussion of heat transfer by thermal radiation is presented, including the radiative behavior of materials, radiation between surfaces, and gas radiation. Among the topics considered are property prediction … A comprehensive discussion of heat transfer by thermal radiation is presented, including the radiative behavior of materials, radiation between surfaces, and gas radiation. Among the topics considered are property prediction by electromagnetic theory, the observed properties of solid materials, radiation in the presence of other modes of energy transfer, the equations of transfer for an absorbing-emitting gas, and radiative transfer in scattering and absorbing media. Also considered are radiation exchange between black isothermal surfaces, radiation exchange in enclosures composed of diffuse gray surfaces and in enclosures having some specularly reflecting surfaces, and radiation exchange between nondiffuse nongray surfaces. The use of the Monte Carlo technique in solving radiant-exchange problems and problems of radiative transfer through absorbing-emitting media is explained.
view Abstract Citations (558) References (66) Co-Reads Similar Papers Volume Content Graphics Metrics Export Citation NASA/ADS Spectral Properties of Accretion Disks around Galactic and Extragalactic Black Holes Chakrabarti, Sandip ; … view Abstract Citations (558) References (66) Co-Reads Similar Papers Volume Content Graphics Metrics Export Citation NASA/ADS Spectral Properties of Accretion Disks around Galactic and Extragalactic Black Holes Chakrabarti, Sandip ; Titarchuk, Lev G. Abstract We study the spectral properties of a very general class of accretion disks which can be decomposed into three distinct components apart from a shock at r = rs: (1) An optically thick Keplerian disk on the equatorial plane (r > rs); (2) a sub-Keplerian optically thin halo above and below this disk r > rs and (3) a hot, optically slim τ ∼ 1 postshock region r < rs ∼ 5-10rg where rg is the Schwarzschild radius. The postshock halo intercepts soft photons from the Keplerian component and reradiates them as hard X-rays and γ rays after Comptonization. We solve two-temperature equations in the postshock region with Coulomb energy exchange between protons and electrons, and incorporating radiative processes such as bremsstrahlung and Comptonization. We also present the exact prescription to compute the reflection of the hard X-rays from the cool disk. We produce radiated spectra from both the disk components as functions of the accretion rates and compare them with the spectra of Galactic and extragalactic black hole candidates. We find that the transition from hard state to soft state is smoothly initiated by a single parameter, namely the mass accretion rate of the disk. In the soft state, when the postshock region is very optically thick and cooled down, bulk motion of the converging flow determines the spectral index to be about 1.5 in agreement with observations. Publication: The Astrophysical Journal Pub Date: December 1995 DOI: 10.1086/176610 arXiv: arXiv:astro-ph/9510005 Bibcode: 1995ApJ...455..623C Keywords: ACCRETION; ACCRETION DISKS; BLACK HOLE PHYSICS; RADIATION MECHANISMS: NONTHERMAL; SHOCK WAVES; STARS: NEUTRON; Astrophysics E-Print: 45 pages of Latex file + 10 figures (Misprints in Description and Caption of Figure 2 are corrected) full text sources arXiv | ADS | data products SIMBAD (10) Related Materials (1) Erratum: 1996ApJ...467..474C
The Mozambican agro-industrial sector relies heavily on various crops, with maize being the most significant. During processing, substantial waste is generated, which is often discarded as organic matter or burned, … The Mozambican agro-industrial sector relies heavily on various crops, with maize being the most significant. During processing, substantial waste is generated, which is often discarded as organic matter or burned, contributing to environmental pollution and the loss of potential energy resources. This study evaluated the thermal and emission performance of briquettes made from carbonized corn cob (CCC) and carbonized corn husk (CCH), using cashew nut skin as a binder for clean cooking applications. The briquettes were assessed against firewood and charcoal as control fuels, focusing on several energy performance parameters: water boiling time (WBT), combustion index (CI), thermal efficiency (TE), and emissions (E). Testing was conducted using an improved combustion stove (burnjikokoa). Results indicated a CI of 1.06±0.04 for carbonized corn cob briquettes (BCCCNS) and 1.14±0.03 for carbonized corn husk briquettes (BCHCNS). The WBTs (in minutes) were 17 for BCCCNS, 29 for BCHCNS, and 45 for both firewood and charcoal. Thermal efficiency was notably higher for BCCCNS (45%) and BCHCNS (42%) compared to charcoal (24.13%) and firewood (21.55%), suggesting that the selected waste materials are excellent for producing high energy briquettes. In terms of emissions, particulate matter (PM2.5) levels were measured at 80 µg/m³ for both BCCCNS and BCHCNS, while firewood produced 190 µg/m³ and charcoal 120 µg/m³. Carbon monoxide (CO) levels were all below 200 ppm. These findings demonstrate the potential of utilizing agro-industrial waste to create sustainable and efficient cooking fuels.
The Mozambican agro-industrial sector relies heavily on various crops, with maize being the most significant. During processing, substantial waste is generated, which is often discarded as organic matter or burned, … The Mozambican agro-industrial sector relies heavily on various crops, with maize being the most significant. During processing, substantial waste is generated, which is often discarded as organic matter or burned, contributing to environmental pollution and the loss of potential energy resources. This study evaluated the thermal and emission performance of briquettes made from carbonized corn cob (CCC) and carbonized corn husk (CCH), using cashew nut skin as a binder for clean cooking applications. The briquettes were assessed against firewood and charcoal as control fuels, focusing on several energy performance parameters: water boiling time (WBT), combustion index (CI), thermal efficiency (TE), and emissions (E). Testing was conducted using an improved combustion stove (burnjikokoa). Results indicated a CI of 1.06±0.04 for carbonized corn cob briquettes (BCCCNS) and 1.14±0.03 for carbonized corn husk briquettes (BCHCNS). The WBTs (in minutes) were 17 for BCCCNS, 29 for BCHCNS, and 45 for both firewood and charcoal. Thermal efficiency was notably higher for BCCCNS (45%) and BCHCNS (42%) compared to charcoal (24.13%) and firewood (21.55%), suggesting that the selected waste materials are excellent for producing highenergy briquettes. In terms of emissions, particulate matter (PM2.5) levels were measured at 80 µg/m³ for both BCCCNS and BCHCNS, while firewood produced 190 µg/m³ and charcoal 120 µg/m³. Carbon monoxide (CO) levels were all below 200 ppm. These findings demonstrate the potential of utilizing agro-industrial waste to create sustainable and efficient cooking fuels.
Постановка задачи. Рассматривается задача оптимального размещения инфракрасного обогревателя в закрытых помещениях. Основная цель исследования — разработка математической модели, позволяющей определить наилучшие параметры установки обогревателя, такие как высота монтажа и угол … Постановка задачи. Рассматривается задача оптимального размещения инфракрасного обогревателя в закрытых помещениях. Основная цель исследования — разработка математической модели, позволяющей определить наилучшие параметры установки обогревателя, такие как высота монтажа и угол наклона. От этих параметров зависит плотность и распределение теплового потока, что оказывает значительное влияние на эффективность обогрева. В рамках исследования анализируется тепловое воздействие обогревателя в зависимости от геометрии помещения, включая высоту потолков, планировку и характер использования пространства. Результаты и выводы. Разработанная математическая модель позволяет адаптировать параметры установки инфракрасного обогревателя под конкретные условия эксплуатации. Анализ показал, что точное размещение обогревателя способствует равномерному распределению тепла, повышая комфортность обогреваемого пространства. Полученные результаты подтверждают возможность снижения энергозатрат за счет рационального распределения теплового потока. Предложенный подход применим как для жилых, так и для промышленных объектов, где правильное расположение обогревателя играет критическую роль в обеспечении эффективного отопления. Statement of the problem. The problem of optimal placement of an infrared heater in enclosed spaces is considered. The main purpose of the research is to develop a mathematical model that makes it possible to determine the best parameters for installing a heater, such as mounting height and tilt angle. The density and distribution of the heat flow depend on these parameters, which has a significant impact on the heating efficiency. The study analyzes the thermal effect of the heater depending on the geometry of the room, including the height of the ceilings, the layout and the nature of the use of space. Results and conclusions. The developed mathematical model makes it possible to adapt the installation parameters of an infrared heater to specific operating conditions. The analysis showed that the precise placement of the heater contributes to an even distribution of heat, increasing the comfort of the heated space. The results obtained confirm the possibility of reducing energy consumption due to the rational distribution of heat flow. The proposed approach is applicable to both residential and industrial facilities, where the correct location of the heater plays a critical role in ensuring efficient heating.
Abstract The temperature uniformity of grain-oriented silicon steel coils during high-temperature annealing in bell-type furnaces critically influences the post-annealing product performance. In this study, experimental measurements of temperature values at … Abstract The temperature uniformity of grain-oriented silicon steel coils during high-temperature annealing in bell-type furnaces critically influences the post-annealing product performance. In this study, experimental measurements of temperature values at representative points within the steel coil were combined with simulations to systematically investigate the temperature field distribution under different heating rates. The results indicate that the current heating scheme leads to a significant temperature difference between the inner ring and the peripheral area of the steel coil. To reduce this temperature difference, targeted optimization schemes have been developed to minimize the temperature differential between the coldest and hottest areas without compromising production efficiency. These optimizations aim to achieve a more uniform temperature distribution, thereby enhancing the overall performance of the final product.
The Rosenthal steady-state analytical solution for the temperature distribution caused by a moving point heat source on a semi-infinite, homogeneous, isotropic solid has been extensively used in modeling metallurgical processes, … The Rosenthal steady-state analytical solution for the temperature distribution caused by a moving point heat source on a semi-infinite, homogeneous, isotropic solid has been extensively used in modeling metallurgical processes, e.g., arc welding. This study develops a three-dimensional analytical closed-form solution for the temperature field induced by a point heat source moving across a semi-infinite orthotropic solid. The formulation accommodates arbitrary orientations of the heat source’s motion relative to the material’s in-plane principal axes and is extended to solids with finite thickness. Subsequently, using the superposition of the linear solutions, a general methodology is proposed to predict the temperature distribution resulting from an arbitrarily distributed heat source. Verification of the closed-form solution and validation of the distributed heating condition against finite element simulations demonstrate excellent agreement. The analytical framework offers potential for thermal modeling of processing methods used for polymeric composites, e.g., additive manufacturing and continuous welding of thermoplastic composites.
Combined conductive–radiative heat transfer in a three-dimensional cubical enclosure with an absorbing, emitting, and scattering medium is considered. The concept of the total exchange factor is used to account for … Combined conductive–radiative heat transfer in a three-dimensional cubical enclosure with an absorbing, emitting, and scattering medium is considered. The concept of the total exchange factor is used to account for the scattering effect in the formulation of the energy conservation equation. The generalized zonal method with Monte Carlo method is used to generate the total exchange factor. The computational approach is both efficient and accurate, serving as a roadmap for solving general combined conduction radiation heat transfer problems with more complex geometries and boundary conditions. Numerical data are generated for an isotropic scattering medium. Results show that the heat transfer and temperature profile depend strongly on the medium’s optical properties and the conduction–radiation parameter (the dimensionless ratio of the conduction-to-radiation effect). The three-dimensional effect is particularly significant on the medium’s temperature profile.
Abstract Microreactors could play a crucial role in decarbonizing our energy portfolio. However, their development and implementation come with specific challenges. Due to their compact size and the harsh operational … Abstract Microreactors could play a crucial role in decarbonizing our energy portfolio. However, their development and implementation come with specific challenges. Due to their compact size and the harsh operational environment, collecting real-time data on reactor operations can be challenging. Many probe designs cannot withstand extreme conditions (i.e. temperature, radiation) in the reactor. In this context, using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) can pave the way for developing a non-intrusive approach that relies solely on ex-core sensors. A well-trained physics-informed CNN can reconstruct the distribution of a given physical quantity over a domain using only a few sensors, allowing us to reconstruct the desired field distribution even in a limited space or complex geometries. In this work, we present the initial steps toward developing a real-time tool for monitoring the thermomechanical behavior of nuclear reactor pressure vessels. Based on an experimental setup, a computational model using the Multiphysics Object-Oriented Simulation Environment framework was built to evaluate the temperature and strain distribution over a convex metal surface heated through radiative heat transfer. This surface represents a section of a nuclear reactor vessel wall. In-situ experimental data from a Texas A&amp;M facility were used to validate the computational model. Part of the data generated by the MOOSE model was used to train the Convolutional Neural Network to reconstruct the vessel wall's outer surface temperature. The CNN generalization was then compared against the experimental and computational data.
In this paper we design high-order positivity-preserving approximation schemes for an integro-differential model describing photochemical reactions. Specifically, we introduce and analyze three classes of dynamically consistent methods, encompassing non-standard finite … In this paper we design high-order positivity-preserving approximation schemes for an integro-differential model describing photochemical reactions. Specifically, we introduce and analyze three classes of dynamically consistent methods, encompassing non-standard finite difference schemes, direct quadrature techniques and predictor-corrector approaches. The proposed discretizations guarantee the positivity, monotonicity and boundedness of the solution regardless of the temporal, spatial and frequency stepsizes. Comprehensive numerical experiments confirm the theoretical findings and demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed methods in simulating realistic photochemical phenomena.
Abstract The present work is focused on a 3D numerical assessment of the Wendelstein 7-X particle exhaust. For all the numerical simulations the Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) solver of … Abstract The present work is focused on a 3D numerical assessment of the Wendelstein 7-X particle exhaust. For all the numerical simulations the Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) solver of the DIVGAS workflow, has been employed. The complex 3D geometry of the sub-divertor region includes the pumping gap panel, supporting structures, cooling pipes as well as the cryo-vacuum pump. All the considered flow simulations correspond to the Standard magnetic configuration of W7-X. The main conclusions, which can be extracted from the present numerical analysis could be summarized as follows; The coupling between EMC3-EIRENE and DIVGAS, which consider the fact that the incoming neutral particle flux at the sub-divertor is based on realistic plasma background, has been demonstrated. Three plasma scenarios have been considered, for which is clearly seen that by increasing the heating power, the neutral pressure as well as the resulting pumping efficiency is increased. The obtained numerical results of the neutral pressure in the sub-divertor lie within a more general scan matrix, which assumes a wider range of incoming particle flux, namely 10^19 to 10^24 (s-1). It has been observed that, the sub-divertor neutral pressure is proportional to the incoming neutral particle flux, with the effective pumping speed to be a constant of proportionality. The influence of switching off the cryo-vacuum pump on the sub-divertor pressure is rather modest and a weak increase of the neutral pressure in the sub-divertor is expected. Correlations of the sub-divertor pressure with the total incoming particle flux as well as the individual pumped flux at each of the AEH and AEP sections have been deduced. Moreover, it has been demonstrated that the influence of the incoming neutral particle flux on the albedo coefficients at the AEH and AEP pumping gaps is rather weak. All the above numerical findings will actively support the optimization of the W7-X particle exhaust, in view of future experimental campaigns.
Abstract Carbon fiber felt (CFF) has excellent thermal insulation ability under high temperature environments. In this study, an algorithm for generating CFF microstructure models was developed. The heat transfer characteristic … Abstract Carbon fiber felt (CFF) has excellent thermal insulation ability under high temperature environments. In this study, an algorithm for generating CFF microstructure models was developed. The heat transfer characteristic of the CFF is studied based on the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) theory coupling Monte Carlo method. The influence of different temperature variation, porosity, and fiber arrangement on the effective thermal conductivity are investigated. The result indicates that the effective thermal conductivity decreases with the increasing of disorder in fiber arrangement. In addition, there is a negative correlation between the effective thermal conductivity and porosity. Furthermore, the impact of radiant heat transfer is evaluated. The radiative thermal conductivity rises in accordance with the augmentation of porosity, which account for 13%∼39% of the total thermal conductivity. The study can provide a theoretical framework for prediction of the thermal behavior of CFF in thermal environments.