Environmental Science › Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering

Phosphorus and nutrient management

Works Count: 41254

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This cluster of papers focuses on the recovery and sustainable management of phosphorus, a critical nutrient for global food security. The research covers various methods such as struvite formation, adsorption, and biochar utilization to remove phosphorus from wastewater and its potential reuse as fertilizer. The aim is to address the global phosphorus scarcity and develop efficient techniques for phosphorus recovery and recycling to ensure long-term sustainability in food production.

Keywords

Phosphorus; Recovery; Wastewater; Fertilizer; Struvite; Adsorption; Nutrient; Global Food Security; Biochar; Sustainability

Phosphorus: Agriculture and the Environment

2005-01-01

J. T. Sims , Andrew N. Sharpley , Gary M. Pierzynski

Manual on the causes and control of activated sludge bulking and foaming

1992-01-01

David Jenkins , Michael G. Richard , Glen T. Daigger

Solids Separation Problems. Microscopic Examination of Activated Sludge with Special Reference to Floc Characteristics and Filamentous Organism Characterization. Control of Activated Sludge Bulking. Activated Sludge Foaming. Bibliography and References. Index. Solids Separation Problems. Microscopic Examination of Activated Sludge with Special Reference to Floc Characteristics and Filamentous Organism Characterization. Control of Activated Sludge Bulking. Activated Sludge Foaming. Bibliography and References. Index.

Effects of anaerobic digestion on digestate nutrient availability and crop growth: A review

2012-05-11

Kurt Möller , Torsten Müller

Anaerobic digestion ( AD ) for biogas production leads to several changes in the composition of the resulting digestates compared to the original feedstock (ammonia content, p H , carbon … Anaerobic digestion ( AD ) for biogas production leads to several changes in the composition of the resulting digestates compared to the original feedstock (ammonia content, p H , carbon to nitrogen ratio, etc.), which are relevant for the plant availability of macro‐ and micronutrients after field application. Increased NH 4 + ‐ N content in digested slurries compared to undigested slurries does not guarantee improved uptake efficiency of slurry nitrogen and increased savings in fertilizer nitrogen. AD of crop residues and cover crops leads to an increase in the total amounts of mobile organic manures within the farming system, resulting in a higher nitrogen use efficiency and an increased scope for target‐oriented nitrogen application in time and space, when needed by the crop, as an alternative to the site‐bound soil incorporation as green manures. AD of dairy manure appears to reduce the fraction of immediate plant available phosphorus and micronutrients. This does, however, not affect short‐term crop availability under field conditions. More studies are needed to improve current knowledge on sulfur losses during AD and fertilizer value of digestates.

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Review of sewage sludge management: standards, regulations and analytical methods

2014-11-18

Bartłomiej Cieślik , Jacek Namieśnik , Piotr Konieczka

Batch kinetics of nitrogen and phosphorus removal from synthetic wastewater by algae

2006-07-19

Sebnem Aslan , İlgi Karapınar

Peak Phosphorus: Clarifying the Key Issues of a Vigorous Debate about Long-Term Phosphorus Security

2011-10-24

Dana Cordell , Stuart White

This paper reviews the latest information and perspectives on global phosphorus scarcity. Phosphorus is essential for food production and modern agriculture currently sources phosphorus fertilizers from finite phosphate rock. The … This paper reviews the latest information and perspectives on global phosphorus scarcity. Phosphorus is essential for food production and modern agriculture currently sources phosphorus fertilizers from finite phosphate rock. The 2008 food and phosphate fertilizer price spikes triggered increased concerns regarding the depletion timeline of phosphate rock reserves. While estimates range from 30 to 300 years and are shrouded by lack of publicly available data and substantial uncertainty, there is a general consensus that the quality and accessibility of remaining reserves are decreasing and costs will increase. This paper clarifies common sources of misunderstandings about phosphorus scarcity and identifies areas of consensus. It then asks, despite some persistent uncertainty, what would it take to achieve global phosphorus security? What would a ‘hard-landing’ response look like and how could preferred ‘soft-landing’ responses be achieved?

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Removal and Recovery of Phosphate From Water Using Sorption

2013-08-20

Paripurnanda Loganathan , S. Vigneswaran , Jaya Kandasamy +1 more

Sorption is an effective, reliable, and environmentally friendly treatment process for the removal of phosphorus from wastewater sources which otherwise can cause eutrophication of receiving waters. Phosphorus in wastewater, if … Sorption is an effective, reliable, and environmentally friendly treatment process for the removal of phosphorus from wastewater sources which otherwise can cause eutrophication of receiving waters. Phosphorus in wastewater, if economically recovered, can partly overcome the future scarcity of phosphorus resulting from exhaustion of natural phosphate rock reserves. The authors present a comprehensive and critical review of the literature on the effectiveness of a number of sorbents, especially some novel ones that have recently emerged, in removing and recovering phosphate. Mechanisms and thermodynamics of sorption, as well as regeneration of sorbents for reuse using acids, bases, and salts, are critically examined.

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Environment: The disappearing nutrient

2009-10-07

Natasha Gilbert

Engineered Biochar Reclaiming Phosphate from Aqueous Solutions: Mechanisms and Potential Application as a Slow-Release Fertilizer

2013-07-13

Ying Yao , Bin Gao , Jianjun Chen +1 more

This work explored the potential application of an engineered biochar prepared from Mg-enriched tomato tissues to reclaim and reuse phosphate (P) from aqueous solution. Findings from batch sorption experiments suggested … This work explored the potential application of an engineered biochar prepared from Mg-enriched tomato tissues to reclaim and reuse phosphate (P) from aqueous solution. Findings from batch sorption experiments suggested that, although sorption of P on the biochar was controlled by relatively slow kinetics, the maximum P sorption capacity of the biochar could reach >100 mg·g(-1). Mathematical modeling and postsorption characterization results indicated that the sorption was mainly controlled by two mechanisms: precipitation of P through chemical reaction with Mg particles and surface deposition of P on Mg crystals on biochar surfaces. Most of the P retained in the engineered biochar was bioavailable and could be released equally at multiple successive extractions. In addition, the P-laden biochar significantly stimulated grass seed germination and growth. These results suggested the postsorption biochar can be cycled back directly to soils as an effective slow-release P-fertilizer.

Contribution of Sulfonate Groups and Alginate to Heavy Metal Biosorption by the Dry Biomass of <i>Sargassum fluitans</i>

1995-12-27

Eric Fourest , Bohumil Volesky

The mechanism of heavy metal complexation by the dry biomass of the brown seaweed Sargassum fluitans was investigated at the molecular level using different techniques. Simultaneous potentiometric and conductimetric titrations … The mechanism of heavy metal complexation by the dry biomass of the brown seaweed Sargassum fluitans was investigated at the molecular level using different techniques. Simultaneous potentiometric and conductimetric titrations gave some information concerning the amount of strong and weak acidic functional groups in the biomass (0.25 ± 0.05 mequiv/g and 2.00 ± 0.05 mequiv/g, respectively). Those results were confirmed by the chemical identification of sulfonate groups (0.27 mequiv/g ± 0.03) and alginate (45% of the dry weight) corresponding to 2.25 mmol of carboxyl groups/g of biomass. Modification of these functional groups by methanolic hydrochloride or propylene oxide demonstrated the predominant role of alginate in the uptake of cadmium and lead. However, sulfonate groups can also contribute, to a lower extent, to heavy metal binding, particularly at low pH. Eventually, FTIR spectrophotometry on protonated or cadmium-loaded alginate and S. fluitans biomass physically demonstrated that cadmium binding arises by bridging or bidentate complex formation with the carboxyl groups of the alginate.

Synthesis of porous MgO-biochar nanocomposites for removal of phosphate and nitrate from aqueous solutions

2012-08-25

Ming Zhang , Bin Gao , Ying Yao +2 more

Synthetic apatite nanoparticles as a phosphorus fertilizer for soybean (Glycine max)

2014-07-14

Ruiqiang Liu , Rattan Lal

Some soluble phosphate salts, heavily used in agriculture as highly effective phosphorus (P) fertilizers, cause surface water eutrophication, while solid phosphates are less effective in supplying the nutrient P. In … Some soluble phosphate salts, heavily used in agriculture as highly effective phosphorus (P) fertilizers, cause surface water eutrophication, while solid phosphates are less effective in supplying the nutrient P. In contrast, synthetic apatite nanoparticles could hypothetically supply sufficient P nutrients to crops but with less mobility in the environment and with less bioavailable P to algae in comparison to the soluble counterparts. Thus, a greenhouse experiment was conducted to assess the fertilizing effect of synthetic apatite nanoparticles on soybean (Glycine max). The particles, prepared using one-step wet chemical method, were spherical in shape with diameters of 15.8 ± 7.4 nm and the chemical composition was pure hydroxyapatite. The data show that application of the nanoparticles increased the growth rate and seed yield by 32.6% and 20.4%, respectively, compared to those of soybeans treated with a regular P fertilizer (Ca(H2PO4)2). Biomass productions were enhanced by 18.2% (above-ground) and 41.2% (below-ground). Using apatite nanoparticles as a new class of P fertilizer can potentially enhance agronomical yield and reduce risks of water eutrophication.

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Phosphatase activity in the rhizosphere and its relation to the depletion of soil organic phosphorus

1987-01-01

J. C. Tarafdar , A. Jungk

Waste management from pulp and paper production in the European Union

2008-04-11

M. Concepción Monte , Elena Fuente , Ángeles Blanco +1 more

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A novel magnetic biochar efficiently sorbs organic pollutants and phosphate

2010-09-01

Baoliang Chen , Zaiming Chen , Shaofang Lv

A PHOSPHATE SORPTION INDEX FOR SOILS

1971-09-01

Bryon W. Bache , E. G. Williams

Summary Phosphate sorption isotherms covering a wide concentration range (10 −6 to 5 × 10 −3 m phosphate) were determined for 42 soil samples at 20 °C by a standardized … Summary Phosphate sorption isotherms covering a wide concentration range (10 −6 to 5 × 10 −3 m phosphate) were determined for 42 soil samples at 20 °C by a standardized technique. The slope of a plot of the sorption, x , against the logarithm of the equilibrium solution phosphate concentration, log c , measured at c = 10 −4 M, proved a suitable reference index to characterize the phosphate sorbing properties of the soils. Several single‐point methods were tested by statistical correlation against this reference index. Of these, the sorption, x , from one addition of 150 mg P/100 g soil gave r = 0.951, but r = 0.974 when the equilibrium concentration was also taken into account in the quotient x /log c . This quotient is therefore suggested as a simple yet adequate way of indicating a fundamental soil property, its phosphate sorption isotherm.

Review: Phosphorus removal and recovery technologies

1998-03-05

Gene D. Morse , Stephen J. Brett , John Adam Guy +1 more

Kinetic Studies of Competitive Heavy Metal Adsorption by Sphagnum Moss Peat

1996-01-01

Yuh‐Shan Ho , D.A.J. Wase , C.F. Forster

Abstract Much of the work on the adsorption of metals by low-cost, natural biosorbents has focussed on the uptake of single metals. In practice, wastewaters are polluted with multiple metals. … Abstract Much of the work on the adsorption of metals by low-cost, natural biosorbents has focussed on the uptake of single metals. In practice, wastewaters are polluted with multiple metals. In addition, the kinetics of adsorption, which are important in the design of treatment systems, have largely been neglected. This paper describes the results of an examination into the adsorption by peat of copper and nickel from both mono and bi-solute systems. These showed that, in general, pore diffusion appeared to be the rate-controlling step and that the presence of ‘contaminant’ copper ions reduced the binding of nickel. In fact, the best interpretation which could be placed on the data was that the behaviour of nickel was unusual. The results also showed that the kinetics of adsorption were best described by a second-order expression rather than a first-order model. Keywords: Peatadsorptionheavy metalskinetics

Application of Elovich Equation to the Kinetics of Phosphate Release and Sorption in Soils

1980-03-01

S. H. Chien , W. R. Clayton

Abstract Experimental data on the phosphate release and sorption in soils, when inadequately described by a first‐order kinetic reaction, are often interpreted as a combination of two or three simultaneous … Abstract Experimental data on the phosphate release and sorption in soils, when inadequately described by a first‐order kinetic reaction, are often interpreted as a combination of two or three simultaneous first‐order reactions. A simple modified Elovich equation in the form: q = (1/β) ln (αβ) + (1/β) ln t was derived to fit the reported experimental data in literature that failed to conform to a single first‐order kinetic equation. In this equation, q is the amount of phosphate released or sorbed, and α and β are constants. The equation successfully described the data as a single straight line that covers the entire course of reaction time. It also appears that constants of α and β may be used for comparison of reaction rates of phosphate release or sorption in different soils.

Global Phosphorus Scarcity and Full-Scale P-Recovery Techniques: A Review

2014-05-12

Evelyn Desmidt , Karel Ghyselbrecht , Yang Zhang +5 more

Phosphorus (P) is an essential element for all life on earth. However, natural P resources (phosphate rock) are depleting. The authors describe the current situation and a forecast for future … Phosphorus (P) is an essential element for all life on earth. However, natural P resources (phosphate rock) are depleting. The authors describe the current situation and a forecast for future phosphate production and reserves. The current depletion of phosphate reserves and the increasingly stringent discharge regulations have led to the development of various P-recovery techniques from wastewater. Existing full-scale P-recovery techniques from the liquid phase, sludge phase, and sludge ash are reviewed. Although the full-scale P-recovery techniques have been shown to be technologically feasible, the economical feasibility, legislation and national policies are the major reasons why these techniques are not yet operational worldwide.

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Biosorption of Chromium(VI) From Aqueous solutions by green algae spirogyra species

2001-12-01

Vinod Kumar Gupta , A.K. Shrivastava , Neeraj Jain

Recent advances in removing phosphorus from wastewater and its future use as fertilizer (1997–2003)

2004-09-17

Luz E. de‐Bashan , Yoav Bashan

A New Planning and Design Paradigm to Achieve Sustainable Resource Recovery from Wastewater

2009-07-14

Jeremy S. Guest , Steven J. Skerlos , James Barnard +7 more

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVFeatureNEXTA New Planning and Design Paradigm to Achieve Sustainable Resource Recovery from Wastewater1To employ technologies that sustainably harvest resources from wastewater (for example struvite granules shown here), … ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVFeatureNEXTA New Planning and Design Paradigm to Achieve Sustainable Resource Recovery from Wastewater1To employ technologies that sustainably harvest resources from wastewater (for example struvite granules shown here), new perceptions and infrastructure planning and design processes are required.Jeremy S. Guest, Steven J. Skerlos, James L. Barnard, >M. Bruce Beck, Glen T. Daigger, Helene Hilger, Steven J. Jackson, Karen Karvazy, Linda Kelly, Linda Macpherson, >James R. Mihelcic, Amit Pramanik, Lutgarde Raskin, Mark C. M. Van Loosdrecht, Daniel Yeh, and Nancy G. LoveView Author Information University of Michigan, Ann Arbor Black and Veatch Corporation, Kansas City University of Georgia, Athens CH2M HILL, Englewood University of North Carolina - Charlotte University of Michigan, Ann Arbor Chastain-Skillman, Tampa Water Environment Federation, Alexandria CH2M HILL, Portland University of South Florida, Tampa Water Environment Research Foundation, Alexandria University of Michigan, Ann Arbor Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands University of South Florida, Tampa University of Michigan, Ann Arbor1Editor's Note: To our delight at ES&T, we have started to receive Features and Viewpoints by independent author(s) coincidentally overlapping both in topic and review schedule. This manuscript was accepted just as another on the "paradigm shift" needed for sustainable water infrastructure design was being readied for production. The choice was thus made to present both manuscripts in the same issue (August 15, 2009; 43, 16). Readers of this piece by Guest et al. are therefore encouraged to read that by Larsen et al. (DOI 10.1021/es803001r), which also appears herein as reference 8.Cite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 2009, 43, 16, 6126–6130Publication Date (Web):July 14, 2009Publication History Published online14 July 2009Published inissue 15 August 2009https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es9010515https://doi.org/10.1021/es9010515newsACS PublicationsCopyright © 2009 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views15932Altmetric-Citations382LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (3 MB) Get e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Energy,Green chemistry,Sustainability,Testing and assessment,Wastewater Get e-Alerts

Residual soil phosphorus as the missing piece in the global phosphorus crisis puzzle

2012-03-19

Sheida Z. Sattari , Lex Bouwman , K.E. Giller +1 more

Phosphorus (P) is a finite and dwindling resource. Debate focuses on current production and use of phosphate rock rather than on the amounts of P required in the future to … Phosphorus (P) is a finite and dwindling resource. Debate focuses on current production and use of phosphate rock rather than on the amounts of P required in the future to feed the world. We applied a two-pool soil P model to reproduce historical continental crop P uptake as a function of P inputs from fertilizer and manure and to estimate P requirements for crop production in 2050. The key feature is the consideration of the role of residual soil P in crop production. Model simulations closely fit historical P uptake for all continents. Cumulative inputs of P fertilizer and manure for the period 1965–2007 in Europe (1,115 kg⋅ha −1 of cropland) grossly exceeded the cumulative P uptake by crops (360 kg⋅ha −1 ). Since the 1980s in much of Europe, P application rates have been reduced, and uptake continues to increase due to the supply of plant-available P from residual soil P pool. We estimate that between 2008 and 2050 a global cumulative P application of 700–790 kg⋅ha −1 of cropland (in total 1,070–1,200 teragrams P) is required to achieve crop production according to the various Millennium Ecosystem Assessment scenarios [Alcamo J, Van Vuuren D, Cramer W (2006) Ecosystems and Human Well-Being: Scenarios, Vol 2, pp 279–354]. We estimate that average global P fertilizer use must change from the current 17.8 to 16.8–20.8 teragrams per year in 2050, which is up to 50% less than other estimates in the literature that ignore the role of residual soil P.

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Phosphorus demand for the 1970–2100 period: A scenario analysis of resource depletion

2010-05-08

Detlef P. van Vuuren , Lex Bouwman , Arthur Beusen

Chromate removal from aqueous wastes by reduction with ferrous ion

1988-08-01

L. E. Eary , P. Raics

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChromate removal from aqueous wastes by reduction with ferrous ionL. E. Eary and Dhanpat. RaiCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1988, 22, 8, 972–977Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1988Publication … ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChromate removal from aqueous wastes by reduction with ferrous ionL. E. Eary and Dhanpat. RaiCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1988, 22, 8, 972–977Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es00173a018https://doi.org/10.1021/es00173a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1902Altmetric-Citations514LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts

Physico-chemical treatments for removal of recalcitrant contaminants from landfill leachate

2005-11-29

Tonni Agustiono Kurniawan , W LO , Yuk Sing Gilbert Chan

Effects of Feedstock and Pyrolysis Temperature on Biochar Adsorption of Ammonium and Nitrate

2014-12-03

Xiapu Gai , Hongyuan Wang , Jian Liu +4 more

Biochar produced by pyrolysis of biomass can be used to counter nitrogen (N) pollution. The present study investigated the effects of feedstock and temperature on characteristics of biochars and their … Biochar produced by pyrolysis of biomass can be used to counter nitrogen (N) pollution. The present study investigated the effects of feedstock and temperature on characteristics of biochars and their adsorption ability for ammonium N (NH4+-N) and nitrate N (NO3−-N). Twelve biochars were produced from wheat-straw (W-BC), corn-straw (C-BC) and peanut-shell (P-BC) at pyrolysis temperatures of 400, 500, 600 and 700°C. Biochar physical and chemical properties were determined and the biochars were used for N sorption experiments. The results showed that biochar yield and contents of N, hydrogen and oxygen decreased as pyrolysis temperature increased from 400°C to 700°C, whereas contents of ash, pH and carbon increased with greater pyrolysis temperature. All biochars could sorb substantial amounts of NH4+-N, and the sorption characteristics were well fitted to the Freundlich isotherm model. The ability of biochars to adsorb NH4+-N followed: C-BC>P-BC>W-BC, and the adsorption amount decreased with higher pyrolysis temperature. The ability of C-BC to sorb NH4+-N was the highest because it had the largest cation exchange capacity (CEC) among all biochars (e.g., C-BC400 with a CEC of 38.3 cmol kg−1 adsorbed 2.3 mg NH4+-N g−1 in solutions with 50 mg NH4+ L−1). Compared with NH4+-N, none of NO3−-N was adsorbed to biochars at different NO3− concentrations. Instead, some NO3−-N was even released from the biochar materials. We conclude that biochars can be used under conditions where NH4+-N (or NH3) pollution is a concern, but further research is needed in terms of applying biochars to reduce NO3−-N pollution.

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Adsorptive removal of phosphate from aqueous solutions using iron oxide tailings

2004-01-30

Le Zeng , Xiaomei Li , Jindun Liu

Fertiliser availability in a resource-limited world: Production and recycling of nitrogen and phosphorus

2011-01-01

C. J. Dawson , Julian Hilton

Struvite formation, control and recovery

2002-09-01

James Doyle , Simon A. Parsons

Mehlich 3 soil test extractant: A modification of Mehlich 2 extractant

1984-12-01

A. Mehlich

Abstract The objectives of this study were to modify the Mehlich 2 (M2) extractant to include Cu among the extractable nutrients, retain or enhance the wide range of soils for … Abstract The objectives of this study were to modify the Mehlich 2 (M2) extractant to include Cu among the extractable nutrients, retain or enhance the wide range of soils for which it is suitable and minimize it's corrosive properties. The substitution of nitrate for chloride anions and the addition of EDTA accomplished those objectives. The new extracting solution, already designated Mehlich 3 (M3) is composed of 0.2N CH3COOH‐0.25N NH4N03‐0.015NNH4F‐0.013NHN03‐0.001M EDTA. Extractions from 105 soils using M3, M2, Bray 1 (Bl) and Ammonium Acetate (AA) were compared to evaluate the new extractant. The quantity of F extracted by M3 exceeded that by M2 20% and that by Bl 4% but the results from all extractions were highly correlated. Extractions of both K and Mg by M3 were 6–8% higher than those by AA and 3–4% higher than those by M2, but, again, there was high correlation among methods. Addition of EDTA increased Cu extractions by 170%, Mn by 50% and Zn by 25%. Cu extractions by M3 correlated with those from the Mehlich‐Bowling method. High correlations between Mn, as well as Zn, extracted by M3 and M2 were shown.

Evaluation of slow pyrolyzed wood and rice husks biochar for adsorption of ammonium nitrogen from piggery manure anaerobic digestate slurry

2014-10-10

Simon Kizito , Shubiao Wu , Wesley Kipkemoi Kirui +4 more

Biochar derived from anaerobically digested sugar beet tailings: Characterization and phosphate removal potential

2011-03-16

Ying Yao , Bin Gao , Mandu Inyang +4 more

Life's Bottleneck: Sustaining the World's Phosphorus for a Food Secure Future

2014-10-17

Dana Cordell , Stuart White

Phosphorus security is emerging as one of the twenty-first century's greatest global sustainability challenges. Phosphorus has no substitute in food production, and the use of phosphate fertilizers in the past … Phosphorus security is emerging as one of the twenty-first century's greatest global sustainability challenges. Phosphorus has no substitute in food production, and the use of phosphate fertilizers in the past 50 years has boosted crop yields and helped feed billions of people. However, these advantages have come at a serious cost. Mobilizing phosphate rock into the environment at rates vastly faster than the natural cycle has not only polluted many of the world's freshwater bodies and oceans, but has also created a human dependence on a single nonrenewable resource. The 2008 phosphate price spike attracted unprecedented attention to this global situation. This review provides an updated and integrated synthesis of the biophysical, social, geopolitical, and institutional challenges and opportunities for food security. Remaining phosphorus resources are becoming increasingly scarce, expensive, and inequitably distributed. All farmers require fertilizers, yet a sixth of the world's farmers and their families are too poor to access fertilizer markets. Inefficient use of this fossil resource from mine to field to fork calls for substantial reduction in demand through efficiency and recycling. Phosphorus governance at global, regional, and local scales is required to stimulate and support context-specific sustainable strategies to ensure all the world's farmers have sufficient access to phosphorus to feed the world and ensure ecosystem integrity and farmer livelihoods.

Agricultural benefits and environmental risks of soil fertilization with anaerobic digestates: a review

2013-12-12

Roger Nkoa

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Removal of phosphate from aqueous solution by biochar derived from anaerobically digested sugar beet tailings

2011-04-14

Ying Yao , Bin Gao , Mandu Inyang +4 more

The story of phosphorus: Global food security and food for thought

2009-02-18

Dana Cordell , Jan-Olof Drangert , Stuart White

Towards global phosphorus security: A systems framework for phosphorus recovery and reuse options

2011-03-17

Dana Cordell , Arno Rosemarin , J.J. Schröder +1 more

Phosphorus Recovery from Wastewater by Struvite Crystallization: A Review

2009-05-29

K. S. Le Corre , Eugenia Valsami‐Jones , P. J. Hobbs +1 more

The present review provides an understanding of principles of struvite crystallization and examines the techniques and processes experimented to date by researchers at laboratory, pilot, and full-scale to maximize phosphorus … The present review provides an understanding of principles of struvite crystallization and examines the techniques and processes experimented to date by researchers at laboratory, pilot, and full-scale to maximize phosphorus removal and reuse as struvite from wastewater effluents. Struvite is mainly known as a scale deposit causing concerns to wastewater companies. Indeed, struvite naturally occurs under the specific condition of pH and mixing energy in specific areas of wastewater treatment plants (e.g., pipes, heat exchangers) when concentrations of magnesium, phosphate, and ammonium approach an equimolar ratio 1:1:1. However, thanks to struvite composition and its fertilizing properties, the control of its precipitation could contribute to the reduction of phosphorus levels in effluents while simultaneously generate a valuable by-product. A number of processes such as stirred tank reactors and air-agitated and -fluidized bed reactors have been investigated as possible configurations for struvite recovery. Fluidized bed reactors emerged as one of the promising solutions for removing and recovering phosphorus as struvite. Phosphorus removal can easily reach 70% or more, although the technique still needs improvement with regard to controlling struvite production quality and quantity to become broadly established as a standard treatment for wastewater companies.

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An Agricultural Pollutant: Chemical Fertilizer

2012-01-01

Serpil Savcı

Consumer society, in order to meet the growing need for food, agricultural land per unit area required to achieve maximum efficiency and highest quality product.It is known that the nutrition … Consumer society, in order to meet the growing need for food, agricultural land per unit area required to achieve maximum efficiency and highest quality product.It is known that the nutrition of the plant is the one of the most important factors to control agricultural productivity and quality.Rates of nutrients in the soil affects the quality of yield.In the permanent agricultural land, the soil will be very poor in nutrients, as a result, inefficient.Therefore, producers, fertilize the soil, combat pests, irrigation and process of agricultural activities to make more efficient to soil.Fertilization among these activities remains a priority at all times.Recent studies, however, excessive use of fertilizers is the need for additional land outside the public and environmental health of the reported adverse affects.Excessive fertilization and mindless, but there were soil salinity, heavy metal accumulation, water eutrophication and accumulation of nitrate, to consider in terms of air pollution in the air of gases containing nitrogen and sulfur, giving and can lead to problems such as the greenhouse effect.In this review, aims to reveal environmental and health problems caused by improper fertilization provides recommendation toward solving these problems.

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Nitrogen—Inorganic Forms

1982-02-01

D. R. Keeney , D. W. Nelson

Total Value of Phosphorus Recovery

2016-05-23

Brooke K. Mayer , Lawrence A. Baker , Treavor H. Boyer +7 more

Phosphorus (P) is a critical, geographically concentrated, nonrenewable resource necessary to support global food production. In excess (e.g., due to runoff or wastewater discharges), P is also a primary cause … Phosphorus (P) is a critical, geographically concentrated, nonrenewable resource necessary to support global food production. In excess (e.g., due to runoff or wastewater discharges), P is also a primary cause of eutrophication. To reconcile the simultaneous shortage and overabundance of P, lost P flows must be recovered and reused, alongside improvements in P-use efficiency. While this motivation is increasingly being recognized, little P recovery is practiced today, as recovered P generally cannot compete with the relatively low cost of mined P. Therefore, P is often captured to prevent its release into the environment without beneficial recovery and reuse. However, additional incentives for P recovery emerge when accounting for the total value of P recovery. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the range of benefits of recovering P from waste streams, i.e., the total value of recovering P. This approach accounts for P products, as well as other assets that are associated with P and can be recovered in parallel, such as energy, nitrogen, metals and minerals, and water. Additionally, P recovery provides valuable services to society and the environment by protecting and improving environmental quality, enhancing efficiency of waste treatment facilities, and improving food security and social equity. The needs to make P recovery a reality are also discussed, including business models, bottlenecks, and policy and education strategies.

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Phosphorus activators contribute to legacy phosphorus availability in agricultural soils: A review

2017-09-01

Jing Zhu , Min Li , M. J. Whelan

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Performance and prospects of different adsorbents for phosphorus uptake and recovery from water

2019-08-22

Hugo Bacelo , Ariana M.A. Pintor , Sílvia C.R. Santos +2 more

A broken biogeochemical cycle

2011-10-01

James J. Elser , Elena M. Bennett

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Selective Phosphate Removal from Water and Wastewater using Sorption: Process Fundamentals and Removal Mechanisms

2019-12-05

Baile Wu , Jun Wan , Yanyang Zhang +2 more

Eutrophication of water bodies is a serious and widespread environmental problem. Achieving low levels of phosphate concentration to prevent eutrophication is one of the important goals of the wastewater engineering … Eutrophication of water bodies is a serious and widespread environmental problem. Achieving low levels of phosphate concentration to prevent eutrophication is one of the important goals of the wastewater engineering and surface water management. Meeting the increasingly stringent standards is feasible in using a phosphate-selective sorption system. This critical review discusses the most fundamental aspects of selective phosphate removal processes and highlights gains from the latest developments of phosphate-selective sorbents. Selective sorption of phosphate over other competing anions can be achieved based on their differences in acid–base properties, geometric shapes, and metal complexing abilities. Correspondingly, interaction mechanisms between the phosphate and sorbent are categorized as hydrogen bonding, shape complementarity, and inner-sphere complexation, and their representative sorbents are organic-functionalized materials, molecularly imprinted polymers, and metal-based materials, respectively. Dominating factors affecting the phosphate sorption performance of these sorbents are critically examined, along with a discussion of some overlooked facts regarding the development of high-performance sorbents for selective phosphate removal from water and wastewater.

Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle

2021-12-16

Nutrient requirements of dairy cattle.Linear regression equations have been obtained to directly calculate nutrient requirements of dairy cattle (TDN, DE, ME, NEL, CP, Ca, P, Vitamin A and Vitamin D) … Nutrient requirements of dairy cattle.Linear regression equations have been obtained to directly calculate nutrient requirements of dairy cattle (TDN, DE, ME, NEL, CP, Ca, P, Vitamin A and Vitamin D) on different physiological stages: maintenance, pregnancy and milk production based on NRC nutrient requirements tables.The R-square was calculated for each equation to establish the degree of adjustment.

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The Role of Phosphorus in Agriculture

1980-01-01

Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle

2001-01-09

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Historical changes in sewage sludge treatment in Japan and implemented policies

2025-06-25

Takeshi Sannomiya , Masaki Suehisa , Chika Abe +1 more | Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management

Reactive Filtration Water Treatment: A Retrospective Review of Sustainable Sand Filtration Re-Engineered for Advanced Nutrient Removal and Recovery, Micropollutant Destructive Removal, and Net-Negative CO2e Emissions with Biochar

2025-06-24

Paulo Yu , Martin C. Baker , Lusine Taslakyan +2 more | Sustainability

A core tertiary wastewater reactive filtration technology, where continuously renewed hydrous ferric oxide coated sand is created in an upflow continuous backwash filter, has been adopted in about 100 water … A core tertiary wastewater reactive filtration technology, where continuously renewed hydrous ferric oxide coated sand is created in an upflow continuous backwash filter, has been adopted in about 100 water resource recovery facilities in several countries. Primarily focused on ultralow phosphorus discharge requirements to address nutrient pollution impacts and harmful algae blooms, the technology has also demonstrated the capacity to address high-efficiency removals of Hg, As, Zn, N, and other pollutants of concern, in addition to water quality needs met by common sand filtration, including total suspended solids. Recent work has demonstrated the capability of an additive iron–ozone catalytic oxidation process to the core reactive filtration technology platform to address micropollutants such as pharmaceuticals. Most recently, direct injection of frangible biochar into the reactive sand filter bed as a consumable reagent demonstrates a novel biochar water treatment technology in a platform that yields dose-dependent carbon negativity. In this work, the reactive filtration technology performance is reviewed from field pilot-scale to full-scale installation scenarios for nutrient removal and recovery applications. We also review the potential of the technology for nutrient recovery with the addition of biochar and micropollutant destructive removal with catalytic oxidation. Research exploration of this reactive filtration technology includes life cycle assessment (LCA) and techno-economic assessment to evaluate the environmental and economic impacts of this advanced water treatment technology. A recent LCA study of a pilot-scale field research and full-scale municipal system with over 2200 inventory elements shows a dose-dependent carbon negativity when biochar is injected into the process stream of reactive filtration. In this study, LCA demonstrates that reactive filtration has the potential as a negative emissions technology with −1.21 kg CO2e/m3, where the negative contribution from the dosed biochar is −1.53 kg CO2e/m3. In this biochar water treatment configuration, the system not only effectively removes pollutants from wastewater but also contributes to carbon sequestration and nutrient recovery for agriculture, making it a potentially valuable approach for sustainable water treatment.

Limited ability of estuarine fine-sized suspended particulate matter to carry bioavailable-phosphorus to mitigate marine phosphorus-limitation

2025-06-24

Nana Hu , Yanqing Sheng , Zhaoran Li +3 more | Journal of Environmental Management

Valorization of Anaerobic Liquid Digestates Through Membrane Processing and Struvite Recovery—The Case of Dairy Effluents

2025-06-24

Anthoula Karanasiou , Charikleia Tsaridou , D.C. Sioutopoulos +5 more | Membranes

An integrated process scheme is developed for valorizing filtered liquid digestates (FLD) from an industrial anaerobic digestion (AD) plant treating dairy-processing effluents with relatively low nutrient concentrations. The process scheme … An integrated process scheme is developed for valorizing filtered liquid digestates (FLD) from an industrial anaerobic digestion (AD) plant treating dairy-processing effluents with relatively low nutrient concentrations. The process scheme involves FLD treatment by nanofiltration (NF) membranes, followed by struvite recovery from the NF-retentate. An NF pilot unit (designed for this purpose) is combined with a state-of-the-art NF/RO process simulator. Validation of simulator results with pilot data enables reliable predictions required for scaling up NF systems. The NF permeate meets the standards for restricted irrigation and/or reuse. Considering the significant nutrient concentrations in the NF retentate (i.e., ~500 mg/L NH4-N, ~230 mg/L PO4-P), struvite recovery/precipitation is investigated, including determination of near-optimal processing conditions. Maximum removal of nutrients, through production of struvite-rich precipitate, is obtained at a molar ratio of NH4:Mg:PO4 = 1:1.5:1.5 and pH = 10 in the treated stream, attained through the addition of Κ2HPO4, ΜgCl2·6H2O, and NaOH. Furthermore, almost complete struvite precipitation is achieved within ~30 min, whereas precipitate/solid drying at modest/ambient temperature is appropriate to avoid struvite degradation. Under the aforementioned conditions, a significant amount of dry precipitate is obtained, i.e., ~12 g dry mass per L of treated retentate, including crystalline struvite. The approach taken and the obtained positive results provide a firm basis for further development of this integrated process scheme towards sustainable large-scale applications.

Obtaining phosphorus concentrate from phosphate ore flotation tailings after Ca and Mg recovery using formic acid leaching

2025-06-24

Guiyong Zhou , Ning Wang , Hannian Gu +2 more | Minerals Engineering

Removal of Phaeocystis globosa from seawater via polyvinylpyrrolidone‐modified pyrite activated persulfate

2025-06-24

Lili Qiao , Mingda Che , Cancan Shan +3 more | Chemistry - A European Journal

Phaeocystis globosa (P. globosa) is a highly motile and toxic harmful algal bloom (HAB) species in marine environments. The outbreak of P. globosa poses severe threats to aquaculture and coastal … Phaeocystis globosa (P. globosa) is a highly motile and toxic harmful algal bloom (HAB) species in marine environments. The outbreak of P. globosa poses severe threats to aquaculture and coastal nuclear power safety, and causes economic losses. Therefore, there is an urgent need to explore novel algal removal technologies to control P. globosa blooms. Herein, polyvinylpyrrolidone modified pyrite (PVP-FeS2) was synthesized as a catalyst to activate persulfate (PS) for removing P. globosa in seawater. The introduction of PVP effectively modulated the morphology, particle size, and catalytic performance of FeS2. The results demonstrated that a system containing 0.3 g/L PVP-FeS2 and 0.8 mM PS achieved 95.9% removal efficiency of P. globosa within 4 h. The Fe and S species on the PVP-FeS2 surface played critical roles in activating PS to generate hydroxyl radicals (·OH) for algal cell oxidation, and produce iron hydroxides to promote the flocculation of algal cells. In addition, the PVP-FeS2/PS system maintained the integrity of algal cells and avoid the release of large amounts of intracellular organic matter. More importantly, the PVP-FeS2/PS system can simultaneously remove multiple HABs from seawater, and is expected to be applied in the field of emergency mitigation of red tide events.

Reducing Cation Leaching and Improving Greenhouse Cucumber’s Nutritional Yield Through Optimized Organic–Inorganic Fertilization

2025-06-23

Xilin Guan , Wenqing Cao , Dunyi Liu +6 more | Agronomy

Excessive nutrient inputs from manure and synthetic fertilizers have caused great challenges for sustainable vegetable production. There is limited information about the nutritional yields and leaching losses of potassium (K), … Excessive nutrient inputs from manure and synthetic fertilizers have caused great challenges for sustainable vegetable production. There is limited information about the nutritional yields and leaching losses of potassium (K), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg) under various organic–inorganic fertilization practices. We hypothesized that nutritional yields and cation leaching would be influenced by different fertilization practices. A two-year cucumber-cultivating experiment was conducted in North China with the following three treatments: Farmers’ Traditional Practice (FP), based on local farmers’ practices; Current Recommended Nutrient Management (CRNM), based on pieces of literature, bio-organic fertilizer, and kaolin replacing chicken manure in FP; Nutrient Balance Management (DBNM), based on target yields and plant-based amendments replacing bio-organic fertilizers. The nutritional yields of Ca and Mg under CRNM and DBNM were 26.4–39.6% and 20.3–32.5% higher than FP. The K, Ca, and Mg leaching under CRNM were significantly reduced by 41.1%, 18.9%, and 18.5%, compared with FP. Ca leaching under DBNM was further significantly reduced by 7.9%. A significant negative relationship was observed between the leaching losses of K, Ca, and Mg and the surface soil pH (0–20 cm). These findings suggest that DBNM could play an important role in obtaining higher nutritional yields, reducing leaching losses, and alleviating soil acidification in vegetable production.

Alkaline leaching of phosphorous from poultry manure ash

2025-06-23

Yashwanth Ramesh , Ganesh Pilla , Jo Van Caneghem +1 more | Minerals Engineering

Nutrient Acquisition and Regulation

2025-06-23

Senjie Lin | CRC Press eBooks

Waste resources based new sulfur fertilizers can better match crop nutrient requirement

2025-06-22

Zhiping Feng , Zhenya Lu , Qinglin Liu +7 more | Resources Conservation and Recycling

Phosphorus fertilization of grasses with dairy processing waste materials and contributions of soil microorganisms towards phosphorus uptake

2025-06-20

Ángel Velasco‐Sánchez , Yigang Hu , S.G. Sommers +4 more | Geoderma

Serial Dilution and EDTA Extraction Indicate Probable Phosphorus Minerals in Dairy, Goat, Swine, and Poultry Manure

2025-06-20

Paulo H. Pagliari , Fernando Shintate Galindo | Agronomy

The probable solid phases controlling phosphorus (P) salts solubility in goat, swine, chicken, and dairy manures were investigated using chemical modeling software, Visual Minteq, coupled with serial dilution and EDTA … The probable solid phases controlling phosphorus (P) salts solubility in goat, swine, chicken, and dairy manures were investigated using chemical modeling software, Visual Minteq, coupled with serial dilution and EDTA extraction. In the serial dilution scheme, the manure (wet weight) to water ratios (MWR) used were 1:1, 1:2, 1:5, 1:10, 1:50, and 1:100. The EDTA concentrations used were 1, 5, and 10 mmol L−1 at the 1:50 MWR. The total elemental concentrations in serially diluted samples were measured by ICP-OES, while in the EDTA extracts concentrations were measured by ICP-OES and P was also measured by the molybdate blue-P method. The percentage of total P dissolved from goat, swine, chicken, and dairy manure using serial dilution at 1:10 MWR was 4, 6, 7, and 34% of the total P; while at 1:100 MWR it was 44, 35, 36, and 65%, respectively. Chemical modeling suggested that between 1:1 to 1:10 MWR, Mg-phosphates, primarily struvite, was the probable solid phase controlling P salts solubility in all manures, except dairy. At the 1:50 and 1:100 MWR, the solid phases controlling P solubility shifted from Mg-phosphate to Ca-phosphate minerals in goat, swine, and chicken manures. The use of ICP or molybdate blue for chemical modeling showed the same solid phases in the EDTA extracts. From the EDTA extractions, it was determined that 5 mmol L−1 EDTA lowered Ca and Mg activities that no mineral phases likely remained in goat, swine, and chicken manures. In conclusion, under the conditions of this study, P dissolution from salts present in manure is controlled by the cation concentration in solution.

Granular ferric hydroxide/PVC composites for phosphate recovery and re-use

2025-06-19

Archibald Gurling , L. D. Currie , Graeme J. Millar +1 more | Journal of Water Process Engineering

Insight into transformation of phosphorus species in biomass gasification at different stages

2025-06-19

Xuemei Fu , Beibei Yan , Jian Li +5 more | Bioresource Technology

A novel sequential incineration-melting process for phosphorus fertilizer from sewage sludge

2025-06-19

Guohui Xuan , Xiangyu Gu , Rongjiang Hao +1 more | Waste Management

Preparation of Biochars from Different Sources and Study on Their Phosphorus Adsorption Properties

2025-06-18

Yinlong Shao , Anqi Hu , Yongcan Jiang +3 more | Molecules

Biochar is a solid product generated through the pyrolysis of biomass materials under anaerobic or hypoxic conditions, and it is characterized by its strong adsorption capacity. To investigate the phosphorus … Biochar is a solid product generated through the pyrolysis of biomass materials under anaerobic or hypoxic conditions, and it is characterized by its strong adsorption capacity. To investigate the phosphorus adsorption performance of biochar derived from wheat straw, bamboo, and water hyacinth in wastewater, iron modification treatments were applied to these biochars, and the most effective modified biochar was identified. The physicochemical properties of the modified biochars were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that optimal modification was achieved with an iron-carbon mass ratio of 0.70 for wheat straw biochar (Fe-WBC) and 0.45 for both bamboo biochar (Fe-BBC) and water hyacinth biochar (Fe-HBC). The maximum phosphorus adsorption capacities of the three modified biochars were as follows: 31.76 mg g-1 (Fe-WBC) > 27.14 mg g-1 (Fe-HBC) > 25.31 mg g-1 (Fe-BBC). It was demonstrated that the adsorption behavior of Fe-BBC was predominantly multi-molecular layer adsorption, whereas the adsorption behavior of Fe-WBC and Fe-HBC was primarily monolayer adsorption. All three types of modified biochars reached adsorption equilibrium within 30 min, with Fe-WBC exhibiting the best adsorption performance. Analysis revealed that the modified biochars contained a large number of unsaturated C bonds and aromatic rings, indicating relatively stable structures. The surfaces of the modified biochars were rich in hydroxyl and carbonyl groups, which contributed to their strong adsorption properties. Post-modification analysis indicated that iron in the biochars predominantly existed in forms such as goethite (FeOOH) and hematite (Fe2O3). The iron content in each type of modified biochar constituted approximately 3.08% for Fe-WBC, 5.94% for Fe-BBC, and 5.68% for Fe-HBC relative to their total elemental composition. Overall, the iron-modified biochars employed in this study significantly enhanced the adsorption capacity and efficiency for phosphorus removal in wastewater.

Efficient Adsorption of Phosphate on Magnetic Fe3O4@MOF@LDH Superstructures: Kinetics, Thermodynamics, and Mechanisms

2025-06-18

Zhang Liu , Wei Han , C. Marquina +3 more | Environmental Research

Bone char outperforms biochar in phosphorus-deficient soils: Comparative analysis of soil fertility enhancement and greenhouse gas mitigation

2025-06-18

Majid Ghorbani , Robert W. Brown , Nazanin Azarnejad +3 more | Environmental Technology & Innovation

A novel struvite-modified planting concrete for sustainable slope protection and environmental restoration

2025-06-18

Fanrun Huang , Ying Zhou , Jin Yang +7 more | Environmental Research

A biorefinery approach to recover nutrients, proteins, and methane from raw swine manure

2025-06-18

Paula Calvo-de Diego , María Cruz García-González , Berta Riaño +3 more | Journal of Environmental Management

Key Properties of Drinking Water Treatment Residuals for their Effective Reuse as Phosphate Adsorbents

2025-06-18

Diogo Sousa , María Bernardo , Inês Matos +3 more | Environmental Processes

Application of Ulva intestinalis Linnaeus Biomass-Derived Biosorbents for Eco-Friendly Removal of Metal Contaminants from Water

2025-06-18

Alaa M. Younis , Ghada M. Almutairi | Processes

The study examines the biosorption potential of Ulva intestinalis (UI) and calcium oxide-modified Ulva intestinalis (CaO-UI) for the environmentally favorable removal of cadmium (Cd2+), nickel (Ni2+), and lead (Pb2+) from … The study examines the biosorption potential of Ulva intestinalis (UI) and calcium oxide-modified Ulva intestinalis (CaO-UI) for the environmentally favorable removal of cadmium (Cd2+), nickel (Ni2+), and lead (Pb2+) from aqueous solutions. This research addresses the critical need for sustainable water treatment solutions by developing a green-synthesized biosorbent that combines renewable biomass with enhanced adsorption properties. The adsorption properties of the biomass were improved by preparing calcium oxide (CaO) using Ulva intestinalis extract by green synthesis. Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin isotherms were employed to model the results of adsorption experiments that were conducted under a variety of conditions, such as contact time, biosorbent dose, and initial metal ion concentration. Langmuir (R2 = 0.999) and Freundlich (R2 = 0.999) models both provided an exceptionally well-fitted model for the adsorption isotherms, suggesting a hybrid mechanism that integrates monolayer chemisorption at CaO-active sites and multilayer adsorption on the heterogeneous algal matrix. Key findings demonstrate that the maximum adsorption capacity (qm) of CaO-UI was substantially higher than that of UI, with values of 571.21 mg/g for Cd2+, 665.51 mg/g for Ni2+, and 577.87 mg/g for Pb2+, respectively, in comparison to 432.47 mg/g, 335.75 mg/g, and 446.65 mg/g for UI. The adsorption process was dominated by pseudo-second-order (PSO) chemisorption, as evidenced by kinetic studies (R2 = 0.949–0.993). CaO-UI exhibited substantially higher rate constants (k2 = 9.00–10.15 mg/mg·min) than raw UI (k2 = 4.72–5.71 mg/mg·min). The green synthesis of calcium oxide has resulted in an increase in surface area, porosity, and functional group density, which is responsible for the enhanced performance of CaO-UI. The adsorption efficacy of Pb2+ was the highest, followed by Cd2+ and Ni2+, which was indicative of the differences in metal ion affinity and hydration energy. These results underscore the potential of CaO-UI as a biosorbent that is both cost-effective and sustainable for the removal of heavy metals in wastewater treatment applications.

Tiềm năng xử lý đồng thời nitơ và phospho bởi dòng <i>Pseudomonas stutzeri</i> CM-11HN phân lập từ ao tôm

2025-06-18

Hùng Hải Vũ , Thị Tuyết Ngân Phạm , Trường Giang Huỳnh | Tạp chí Khoa học - Công nghệ Thủy Sản Trường Đại học Nha Trang

Nghiên cứu nhằm phân lập và chọn lọc các dòng Pseudomonas sp. bản địa có khả năng xử lý đồng thời nitơ (N) và phospho (P) từ các ao nuôi … Nghiên cứu nhằm phân lập và chọn lọc các dòng Pseudomonas sp. bản địa có khả năng xử lý đồng thời nitơ (N) và phospho (P) từ các ao nuôi tôm quảng canh và quảng canh cải tiến. Tổng cộng 16 chủng phân lập có khả năng khử nitrate, nhưng chỉ 4 chủng đạt hiệu suất xử lý N-NO3- hơn 80% trong môi trường ADM-1, trong đó chủng CM-11HN đạt hiệu suất xử lý cao nhất. Kết quả giải trình tự gen 16s rRNA cho thấy chủng CM-11HN có độ tương đồng đạt 99,9% với các loài Pseudomonas stutzeri. Trong điều kiện khử-hiếu khí, chủng CM-11HN đạt hiệu suất xử lý N (nồng độ ban đầu khoảng 100 mg/L) hơn 90% với N-NO3- hoặc N-NO2- là nguồn đạm duy nhất, tương ứng với hiệu suất xử lý P (nồng độ ban đầu khoảng 20 mg/L) lần lượt là 72,9% và 51,3%. Khi N-NH4+ là nguồn đạm duy nhất, hiệu suất xử lý N và P bởi chủng CM-11HN đạt lần lượt là 96,5% và 78%. Trong số các nguồn nitơ thì N-NH4+ được vi khuẩn ưu tiên sử dụng hơn so với N-NO3- và N-NO2-. Hơn nữa, chủng CM-11HN không biểu hiện hoạt tính tiêu huyết và không gây chết tôm Litopenaeus vannamei trong đánh giá in vivo. Do đó, chủng Pseudomonas stutzeri CM-11HN có tiềm năng ứng dụng như giải pháp sinh học trong xử lý nước thải và cải thiện chất lượng nước ao nuôi thủy sản. Từ khóa: Pseudomonas, xử lý nitơ & phospho, nitrate hóa, khử nitrate. ABSTRACT This study aims to isolate and select indigenous Pseudomonas strains that are capable of simultaneously removing nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) from extensive and improved extensive shrimp ponds. A total of 16 isolates were capable of reducing nitrate, but only 4 strains performed the NO3-‑N removal efficiency of above 80% in ADM-1 medium, of which strain CM-11HN possessed the highest efficiency. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain CM-11HN shared a homology of up to 99.9% with Pseudomonas stutzeri. In aerobic denitrifying, over 90% of N concentrations were removed while NO3-‑N or NO2-‑N as the sole nitrogen, and the corresponding P removal efficiencies were 72.9% and 51.3%. When NH4+-N as the sole source, the maximum N and P removal efficiencies observed for this candidate were about 96.5% and 78%, respectively. Among nitrogen sources, NH4+‑N was preferentially utilized during the cell growth phase compared to NO3-‑N and NO2-‑N. Moreover, strain CM5.2N did not exhibit hemolytic activity and none of the dead shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei were found in the safety assays. Hence, Pseudomonas stutzeri strain CM-11HN has great potential in bioremediation for wastewater treatment and improving water quality in aquaculture systems. Keywords: Pseudomonas, simultaneous N & P removal, heterotrophic nitrification, aerobic denitrification

Assessment of three extraction methods on the concentration of available phosphorus in soils developed on three different parent materials

2025-06-18

C. J. Ijah , T. O. Ibia , Sunday Etim Bassey +2 more | Deleted Journal

Application of phosphorus (P) fertilizer is commonly based on soil testing for which a variety of soil P extraction methods are in use. The aim of this study was to … Application of phosphorus (P) fertilizer is commonly based on soil testing for which a variety of soil P extraction methods are in use. The aim of this study was to compare three methods of P extraction from soils that had been derived from three parent materials in terms of their extraction yield and relation to soil properties. To achieve this, soils derived from Coastal plain sand (CPS) from Obio Akpa in Oruk Anam LGA, Beach ridge sand (BRS) from Ikot Akpaden in Mkpat Enin LGA and Sandstone (SS) from Ikot Obio Ise in Ini LGA were sampled at two depths (0-15 and 15-30 cm). The soil samples were processed in the laboratory and used to conduct routine analyses. For P determination, three extractants, i.e., H2O, CaCl2 and Bray-2 were used. The extracted P varied in concentration and increased in the order H2O <CaCl2 < Bray-2 being more efficient in the extraction of P in BRS, SS and CPS. Indications from this study is that Bray-2 is a suitable extractant that could be used for P extraction in the studied soils.

Transformations and Management of Phosphorus: Bridging Soil Processes with Agricultural Practices

2025-06-17

João Arthur Antonângelo , Deepanjan Mridha , Ruan Francisco Firmano | IntechOpen eBooks

Phosphorus (P) is a critical nutrient that underpins agricultural productivity and ecological balance, yet its management presents persistent environmental challenges. As a key macronutrient, P is indispensable in early plant … Phosphorus (P) is a critical nutrient that underpins agricultural productivity and ecological balance, yet its management presents persistent environmental challenges. As a key macronutrient, P is indispensable in early plant establishment and stress responses, as well as plant growth, playing essential physiological roles, including energy transfer (ATP/ADP), nucleic acid synthesis, cellular signaling, root development, enzyme activation, photosynthesis, and other vital metabolic processes. However, its limited mobility in soil and tendency for overapplication in agricultural systems often results in inefficient use and increased risk of runoff into aquatic ecosystems. This runoff can accelerate eutrophication, leading to degradation of water quality and aquatic habitats. Unlike nitrogen (N), P lacks a gaseous phase, and its transport is governed by complex interactions with soil minerals, organic matter, and microbial processes. These interactions, along with landscape characteristics and hydrological patterns, make P losses subtle and difficult to control. This chapter examines the biogeochemical cycling of phosphorus in soil-water interfaces and highlights the multifaceted factors that influence its behavior. Emphasis is placed on emerging strategies for sustainable P management, including technological innovations, agronomic practices, and ecosystem-based approaches aimed at reducing environmental losses. In addition, the chapter addresses policy frameworks and incentive structures that can promote more effective P stewardship. By integrating scientific understanding with practical solutions, this chapter contributes to the broader effort of aligning agricultural productivity with environmental sustainability.

Life Cycle Assessment of Magnesium‐Impregnated Biochar Production and its Application for Nutrient Removal and Soil Improvement in Rice Cultivation

2025-06-17

José Luis Lugo Arias , José Villa-Parejo , Guido Escorcia +5 more | Advanced Sustainable Systems

Abstract Rice husks, a significant byproduct of rice cultivation, constitute ≈20% of the total production weight. Their management is often inadequate, with unsustainable practices such as uncontrolled burning generating severe … Abstract Rice husks, a significant byproduct of rice cultivation, constitute ≈20% of the total production weight. Their management is often inadequate, with unsustainable practices such as uncontrolled burning generating severe environmental impacts. This study conducts a life‐cycle analysis (LCA) to evaluate biochar production, its use as a nutrient adsorbent in water treatment, and subsequent land application as a rice husk treatment system, comparing it with the alternative system of direct incineration for energy generation. The assessment utilizes OpenLCA 2.2.0, which integrates laboratory data and open‐access databases, along with the IMPACT2002+ method, to evaluate environmental impacts. The results indicate that the biomass preparation process generates the most significant environmental burdens due to its intensive energy consumption and the use of reagents. In contrast, land application generates net benefits in some of the evaluated categories, highlighting its potential as a carbon sink and sustainable alternative for agriculture. Sensitivity analysis of variations in energy source, MgCl₂ concentration, and applied biochar dose reveals that wind energy is the most favorable option. High MgCl₂ concentrations increased the impacts, and varying the biochar dose applied to the soil does not generate significant changes in most of the impact categories evaluated.

Biochar Production

2025-06-17

| The MIT Press eBooks

Removal of Phosphate Ions from Aqueous Solution by Al2O3 Nanoparticles Loaded on Activated Carbon Synthesized from Aloe Vera Gum

2025-06-17

Ghalib J. K. Al-Sumaidaie , Muzher Mahdi Ibrahem Aldoury | Tikrit Journal of Engineering Sciences

A prepared Aluminum Oxide AL2O3 nanoparticle loaded on Aloe vera Barbadensis Gum Activated Carbon (ABGAC) using the sol-gel method to increase the surface area is employed for phosphate removal from … A prepared Aluminum Oxide AL2O3 nanoparticle loaded on Aloe vera Barbadensis Gum Activated Carbon (ABGAC) using the sol-gel method to increase the surface area is employed for phosphate removal from synthetic aqueous solutions. The operating parameters in this study are pH 3-9, adsorbent dose of AL2O3/ABGAC 20-100 mg per 1-liter solution, contact time (CT) 5-105 minutes, magnetic field strength (MFS) 300-600 mTesla, wavelength of light is halogen lamp (white, green, red, yellow, blue, and sunlight), and initial phosphate concentration (Ci) 3.7-10.7 mg/L. The results indicated that phosphate can be removed efficiently with the highest removal efficiency of 85.52% under the following operating conditions: pH= 5, CT= 105 min, Dose= 60 mg, MFS= 600 mTesla, red light, and Ci = 7.6 mg/L. It has been proved that the Langmuir model significantly fits the experimental data. The obtained adsorption capacity range was 63.24 - 969.38 mg/g.

Sustainable Phosphate Capture from Urban Wastewater Treatment Plants Towards a Nutrient Recovery and Water Reuse Strategy

2025-06-16

Andreia F. Santos , Paula Alvarenga , Licínio M. Gando‐Ferreira +1 more | Applied Sciences

This study proposes and evaluates a two-step phosphorus (P) recovery strategy that combines chemical precipitation with adsorption to comply with the updated EU Urban Wastewater Treatment Directive (Directive (EU) 2024/3019), … This study proposes and evaluates a two-step phosphorus (P) recovery strategy that combines chemical precipitation with adsorption to comply with the updated EU Urban Wastewater Treatment Directive (Directive (EU) 2024/3019), which sets stricter limits on nutrient discharge and promotes resource recovery. The objective was to enhance the P removal efficiency beyond that achieved by conventional precipitation. A laboratory-scale design of experiments was conducted using real wastewater with an initial P concentration of 10 mg P/L post-precipitation and was extended to 1 and 40 mg P/L to assess broader applicability. The optimal lab-scale conditions (30 cm bed height and 5 mL/min flow rate) resulted in a saturated bed fraction (FSB) of 0.425 and a breakthrough time of 126 min. The process was successfully scaled up to a column with a height of 60 cm and a diameter of 4 cm, achieving a higher FSB (0.764), improved adsorption capacity (84.1 mg P/kg), and reduced unused bed (40%). The integrated system maintained effluent P levels below 0.5–0.7 mg P/L for over 400 min, demonstrating regulatory compliance and operational reliability. These findings confirmed the feasibility and scalability of combining precipitation with adsorption for enhanced P recovery in wastewater treatment systems.

Influence of phosphate retention capacity on the potential plant availability of struvite fertiliser in acidic grassland soils

2025-06-13

Florencia De Lucca Agrelo , Leo M. Condron , James L. Moir | Soil Research

Context Sustainable agricultural production relies on efficient phosphorus (P) management due to the finite nature of phosphate rock reserves, increasing fertiliser costs for farmers, and environmental concerns associated with P … Context Sustainable agricultural production relies on efficient phosphorus (P) management due to the finite nature of phosphate rock reserves, increasing fertiliser costs for farmers, and environmental concerns associated with P losses. Struvite, a P fertiliser recovered from wastewater, appears to be an alternative to conventional water soluble-P fertilisers. Aims We aimed to evaluate changes in the concentration of soil available P in response to the application of struvite in three New Zealand acidic soils with varied P retention capacities. Methods A plant-less incubation was carried out for 63 days where struvite, two water soluble-P fertilisers, and reactive phosphate rock were applied at two rates to three contrasting soils. Key results Regardless of soil type, struvite significantly increased Olsen-P concentrations, comparable to conventional P fertilisers. P retention capacity influenced P release patterns, with Pallic soil exhibiting the highest Olsen-P increases due to its low P retention. P release from struvite was rapid but showed sustained availability in Pallic soil compared to declines in Allophanic and Brown soils. Conclusions Struvite showed similar fertiliser-P behaviour in soils with contrasting P retention capacity generating changes in Olsen-P like those from water-soluble P fertilisers. Implications Further research is necessary to investigate the suitability of struvite as an alternative P fertiliser source for New Zealand agriculture.

The Influence of Different Parameters for the Removal of Pb and Zn Ions on Unmodified Waste Eggshells

2025-06-13

Elena Petronela Bran , Oana‐Irina Patriciu , Luminiţa Grosu +4 more | Materials

The need to use environmentally friendly and cost-effective methods to remove heavy metals from wastewater is a permanent concern worldwide. Eggshells have been indicated as a worthy biosorbent for the … The need to use environmentally friendly and cost-effective methods to remove heavy metals from wastewater is a permanent concern worldwide. Eggshells have been indicated as a worthy biosorbent for the adsorption of heavy metals due to their bioavailability and composition. In the present study, the absorption capacity of untreated chicken (CEs) and quail (QEs) eggshells for the removal of Pb and Zn ions from aqueous solutions was evaluated at room temperature and 40 °C, using four types of agitation systems: classical and orbital agitation and ultrasonic and microwave-assisted activation. The monitoring of aqueous solutions was performed by electrochemical and spectro-analytical (AAS) procedures before and after the adsorption process. FTIR and RAMAN spectroscopy, SEM-EDAX microanalysis, and X-ray diffraction were used to investigate the characteristics of eggshell samples post-exposure to Pb2+ or Zn2+. For any type of agitation and temperature, the CEs were able to induce more than 65% removal efficiency for lead and over 80% in the case of zinc. Concerning the Zn removal efficiency of QEs, notable results were recorded when microwaves were applied (>90%) and at 40 °C for orbital shaking and ultrasound (>80%). The results of the present study may offer new and valuable information for the optimal removal of Pb2+ and Zn2+ using eggshells, thus contributing to the sustainable management of waste through the recycling of this type of biomaterial.

The crucial role of iron minerals in the treatment of sulfur-containing wastewater in constructed wetland

2025-06-13

Yu Wang , Zizhang Guo , Haiming Wu +5 more | Chemical Engineering Journal

Characterization and mechanism of phosphorus adsorption from wastewater by lanthanum calcium doped sludge/wheat straw biochar

2025-06-12

Weijin Gong , Chenhan Tao , Zhenbang Tian +5 more | Frontiers in Environmental Science

The disposal of sludge and the treatment of phosphorus in water bodies are significant environmental challenges. This study explores the adsorption performance and mechanism of lanthanum-calcium modified sludge/wheat straw biochar … The disposal of sludge and the treatment of phosphorus in water bodies are significant environmental challenges. This study explores the adsorption performance and mechanism of lanthanum-calcium modified sludge/wheat straw biochar (LC-SWBC). LC-SWBC was prepared through a one-step hydrothermal carbonization process and was used to remove phosphorus from water. The results indicate that La(OH) 3 and Ca(OH) 2 were successfully loaded onto the surface of the biochar. The adsorption of phosphates by LC-SWBC follows a pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Langmuir model, with a maximum theoretical adsorption capacity of 80.78 mg P/g. LC-SWBC exhibits selective adsorption of phosphate under competitive anion experiments. In actual wastewater treatment, LC-SWBC can effectively remove phosphates, achieving a total phosphorus concentration of 0.77 mg/L at a dosage of 0.4 g/L, meet the discharge standard of class I B pollutants (1 mg/L) in GB 18918-2002 of China. In addition, the hydrothermal liquid of LC-SWBC is primarily composed of organic phosphorus (OP); after adsorption, the main component in the biochar LC-SWBC-P is apatite phosphate (AP), both of which provide biochemical utilization conditions for phosphorus resource recovery and recycling.

Mitigating magnesium electrode fouling through polarity reversal electrocoagulation for struvite production from source-separated urine

2025-06-12

Alisha Zaffar , J. Sivaraman , P. Balasubramanian | Journal of Water Process Engineering

Ultraefficient Phosphate Adsorption via Monocarboxylic Acid-Regulated Defective Ce-MOFs: Pore Size Regulation, Valence State Modulation, and Unsaturated Center Design

2025-06-12

Weijie Zhang , Lintao Wang , Wei Pei +6 more | ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

Introducing defects into Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) is an effective measure to increase adsorption sites, which is of great significance for improving phosphorus (P) adsorption performance. In this study, various defect-containing … Introducing defects into Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) is an effective measure to increase adsorption sites, which is of great significance for improving phosphorus (P) adsorption performance. In this study, various defect-containing cerium (Ce)-based MOFs (Ce-MOFs) were prepared by introducing different types and equivalents of monocarboxylates. Among them, butyric acid (BA)-regulated Ce-MOF (Ce-MOF(40BA)) exhibited excellent adsorption performance with a maximum phosphate adsorption capacity of 117.28 mg P/g. When the initial phosphate concentration was 3 mg P/L, the adsorption equilibrium could be reached within 10 min with a phosphate removal rate of 96.6%. Thermogravimetry analysis (TGA) showed that the average coordination number of Ce-MOF (40BA) was only 4.33 compared to six of the pristine Ce-MOF, indicating an abundant defect content. By increasing defects, mesopores were introduced, enriching the material's pore structure and achieving a mesopore proportion up to 58.81%. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis revealed that the introduction of defects created numerous unsaturated metal centers, leading to a significant increase in Ce(III) contents. Further density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicated that the defective Ce-MOF had a lower binding energy compared to the pristine Ce-MOF, making it more favorable for phosphate adsorption. This study provides a strategy for preparing efficient defect-containing MOF adsorbents. The excellent adsorption performance of Ce-MOF(40BA) in practical wastewater bodies makes it a promising material for solving water eutrophication.

Polyphosphate Content in Sediments of Stratified Lakes and Activated Sludge of Wastewater Treatment Plants Is Controlled by Iron-Mediated Phosphorus Availability

2025-06-12

Lucas Schröder , Peter Schmieder , Michael Hupfer | ACS ES&T Water

Study on the adsorption of ammonia nitrogen with the best modified zeolite

2025-06-11

Fuchen Ban , Yuxin Wang , Yafang Cheng | Discover Water

The Use of Synthesized Zinc Oxysulphide Nanoparticles in Phosphate Phosphorus Removal from Synthetic Wastewater and Statistical Analysis

2025-06-10

Nilüfer Ülgüdür | Sakarya University Journal of Science

This study investigated the phosphate phosphorus (PO4-P) removal potential of zinc oxysulfide (ZnOxSy) nanoparticles obtained by fifteen varying component ratios. The statistical meaning of the distinct synthesis compositions was evaluated … This study investigated the phosphate phosphorus (PO4-P) removal potential of zinc oxysulfide (ZnOxSy) nanoparticles obtained by fifteen varying component ratios. The statistical meaning of the distinct synthesis compositions was evaluated by regression analysis based on the response of PO4-P removal efficiencies. The results indicated that ZnOxSy nanoparticles could remove PO4-P by 99.5% without optimization of the adsorption process (Initial PO4-P concentration: 15 mg/L, adsorbent dose: 1 g/L, pH: 4.31, contact time: 2 hr). However, the synthesis compositions of ZnOxSy nanoparticles strongly effect the PO4-P removal efficiency. The data could be interpreted by regression analysis with a high R2 of 89.61% and p value of 0.000. The main component that positively affect the PO4-P removal efficiency was hydrogen peroxide, whereas sodium sulfide component had a limited effect.