SU\G(𝔾)/K·U
Sign Up for free Log In
Immunology and Microbiology â€ș Immunology

T-cell and Retrovirus Studies

Works Count: 52637

Description

This cluster of papers focuses on the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, treatment, and prevention of Human T-cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 (HTLV-1) infection. It covers topics such as viral transmission, proviral load, cellular transformation, immunotherapy, and the role of viral oncogenes in leukemia and lymphoma development.

Keywords

HTLV-1; infection; leukemia; lymphoma; viral transmission; proviral load; cellular transformation; epidemiology; immunotherapy; viral oncogenes

Human chronic myelogenous leukemia cell-line with positive Philadelphia chromosome

1975-03-01
CB Lozzio , BB Lozzio

Soluble interleukin 2 receptors are released from activated human lymphoid cells in vitro.

1985-11-01
Laurence A. Rubin , Carole C. Kurman , M E Fritz +4 more
With the use of an enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay to measure soluble human interleukin 2 receptors (IL 2R), certain human T cell leukemia virus I (HTLV I)-positive T cell lines were 
 With the use of an enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay to measure soluble human interleukin 2 receptors (IL 2R), certain human T cell leukemia virus I (HTLV I)-positive T cell lines were found to spontaneously release large quantities of IL 2R into culture supernatants. This was not found with HTLV I-negative and IL 2 independent T cell lines, and only one of seven B cell-derived lines examined produced small amounts of IL 2R. In addition to this constitutive production of soluble IL 2R by certain cell lines, normal human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) could be induced to release soluble IL 2R by plant lectins, the murine monoclonal antibody OKT3, tetanus toxoid, and allogeneic cells. Such activated cells also expressed cellular IL 2R measurable in detergent solubilized cell extracts. The generation of cellular and supernatant IL 2R was: dependent on cellular activation, rapid, radioresistant (3000 rad), and inhibited by cycloheximide treatment. NaDodSO4-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis of soluble IL 2R released from either the HTLV I-positive T cell line HUT 102B2 or normal phytohemagglutinin-activated PBMC demonstrated molecules of apparent Mr = 35,000 to 40,000, and 45,000 to 50,000, respectively, somewhat smaller than the mature surface receptor on these cells. The release of soluble IL 2R appears to be a characteristic marker of T lymphocyte activation and might serve an immunoregulatory function during both normal and abnormal cell growth and differentiation.
View PDF Chat

SRα Promoter: an Efficient and Versatile Mammalian cDNA Expression System Composed of the Simian Virus 40 Early Promoter and the R-U5 Segment of Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 Long Terminal Repeat

1988-01-01
Yutaka Takebe , Motoharu Seiki , Jun–ichi Fujisawa +5 more
We developed a novel promoter system, designated SR alpha, which is composed of the simian virus 40 (SV40) early promoter and the R segment and part of the U5 sequence 
 We developed a novel promoter system, designated SR alpha, which is composed of the simian virus 40 (SV40) early promoter and the R segment and part of the U5 sequence (R-U5') of the long terminal repeat of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1. The R-U5' sequence stimulated chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene expression only when placed immediately downstream of the SV40 early promoter in the sense orientation. The SR alpha expression system was 1 or 2 orders of magnitude more active than the SV40 early promoter in a wide variety of cell types, including fibroblasts and lymphoid cells, and was capable of promoting a high level of expression of various lymphokine cDNAs. These features of the SR alpha promoter were incorporated into the pcD-cDNA expression cloning vector originally developed by Okayama and Berg.

Isolation of a New Virus, HBLV, in Patients with Lymphoproliferative Disorders

1986-10-31
S. Zaki Salahuddin , Dharam V. Ablashi , Phillip D. Markham +7 more
A novel human B-lymphotropic virus (HBLV) was isolated from the peripheral blood leukocytes of six individuals: two HTLV-III seropositive patients from the United States (one with AIDS-related lymphoma and one 
 A novel human B-lymphotropic virus (HBLV) was isolated from the peripheral blood leukocytes of six individuals: two HTLV-III seropositive patients from the United States (one with AIDS-related lymphoma and one with dermatopathic lymphadenopathy), three HTLV-III seronegative patients from the United States (one with angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy, one with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, and one with immunoblastic lymphoma), and one HTLV-III seronegative patient with acute lymphocytic leukemia from Jamaica. All six isolates were closely related by antigenic analysis, and sera from all six virus-positive patients reacted immunologically with each virus isolate. In contrast, only four sera from 220 randomly selected healthy donors and none from 12 AIDS patients without associated lymphoma were seropositive. The virus selectively infected freshly isolated human B cells and converted them into large, refractile mono- or binucleated cells with nuclear and cytoplasmic inclusion bodies. HBLV is morphologically similar to viruses of the herpesvirus family but is readily distinguishable from the known human and nonhuman primate herpesviruses by host range, in vitro biological effects, and antigenic features.

Frequent Detection and Isolation of Cytopathic Retroviruses (HTLV-III) from Patients with AIDS and at Risk for AIDS

1984-05-04
Robert C. Gallo , Syed Zaki Salahuddin , Mikuláơ Popovič +7 more
Peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or with signs or symptoms that frequently precede AIDS (pre-AIDS) were grown in vitro with added T-cell growth factor 
 Peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or with signs or symptoms that frequently precede AIDS (pre-AIDS) were grown in vitro with added T-cell growth factor and assayed for the expression and release of human T-lymphotropic retroviruses (HTLV). Retroviruses belonging to the HTLV family and collectively designated HTLV-III were isolated from a total of 48 subjects including 18 of 21 patients wih pre-AIDS, three of four clinically normal mothers of juveniles with AIDS, 26 of 72 adult and juvenile patients with AIDS, and from one of 22 normal male homosexual subjects. No HTLV-III was detected in or isolated from 115 normal heterosexual subjects. The number of HTLV-III isolates reported here underestimates the true prevalence of the virus since many specimens were received in unsatisfactory condition. Other data show that serum samples from a high proportion of AIDS patients contain antibodies to HTLV-III. That these new isolates are members of the HTLV family but differ from the previous isolates known as HTLV-I and HTLV-II is indicated by their morphological, biological, and immunological characteristics. These results and those reported elsewhere in this issue suggest that HTLV-III may be the primary cause of AIDS.

The Polymerase Chain Reaction

1990-01-18
Jane F. Desforges , Barry I. Eisenstein
THE development of molecular genetics, both as a self-contained field and as a body of techniques broadly useful in biologic investigation, has had a profound influence on medical research. The 
 THE development of molecular genetics, both as a self-contained field and as a body of techniques broadly useful in biologic investigation, has had a profound influence on medical research. The beneficiaries include every discipline in basic science and, at least indirectly, most clinical and applied medical disciplines. Certain technical milestones can be identified over the past several decades that have been particularly important in the progress of the field. One is the discovery of restriction endonucleases, which together with the development of DNA ligation and transformation procedures, led to the ability to clone and thus propagate genes of any organism . . .

Isolation of a T-Lymphotropic Retrovirus from a Patient at Risk for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)

1983-05-20
Françoise Barré‐Sinoussi , Jean‐Claude Chermann , FA Rey +7 more
A retrovirus belonging to the family of recently discovered human T-cell leukemia viruses (HTLV), but clearly distinct from each previous isolate, has been isolated from a Caucasian patient with signs 
 A retrovirus belonging to the family of recently discovered human T-cell leukemia viruses (HTLV), but clearly distinct from each previous isolate, has been isolated from a Caucasian patient with signs and symptoms that often precede the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). This virus is a typical type-C RNA tumor virus, buds from the cell membrane, prefers magnesium for reverse transcriptase activity, and has an internal antigen (p25) similar to HTLV p24. Antibodies from serum of this patient react with proteins from viruses of the HTLV-I subgroup, but type-specific antisera to HTLV-I do not precipitate proteins of the new isolate. The virus from this patient has been transmitted into cord blood lymphocytes, and the virus produced by these cells is similar to the original isolate. From these studies it is concluded that this virus as well as the previous HTLV isolates belong to a general family of T-lymphotropic retroviruses that are horizontally transmitted in humans and may be involved in several pathological syndromes, including AIDS.

SERUM AND URINARY LYSOZYME (MURAMIDASE) IN MONOCYTIC AND MONOMYELOCYTIC LEUKEMIA

1966-11-01
Elliott F. Osserman , Dolores P. Lawlor
Markedly increased quantities of lysozyme have been found in the serum and urine (ranging to 2.6 g per day) of ten consecutive cases of monocytic and monomyelocytic leukemia. The enzyme 
 Markedly increased quantities of lysozyme have been found in the serum and urine (ranging to 2.6 g per day) of ten consecutive cases of monocytic and monomyelocytic leukemia. The enzyme has been isolated from the urine of several cases and physicochemically and immunochemically characterized. It is apparently identical to the lysozyme of normal tears, saliva, leukocytes, and serum, but structurally different from the lysozyme of hen's egg white. The activity of the human enzyme assayed with M. lysodeikticus organisms is 3 to 12 times greater than egg white lysozyme at equivalent concentrations. An agar plate method has been developed for quantitating lysozyme activity in small samples (approximately 25 microl) of serum, urine, or other biological fluids. The range and reproducibility of this method were found to be superior to previously available lysozyme assay procedures. Present evidence indicates that lysozyme is the principal, if not the sole, product of the proliferating monocytes in monocytic and monomyelocytic leukemia, and quantitation of serum and urine lysozyme should be a useful diagnostic procedure for these leukemias.
View PDF Chat

A New Subtype of Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus (HTLV-II) Associated with a T-Cell Variant of Hairy Cell Leukemia

1982-11-05
V. S. Kalyanaraman , M. G. Sarngadharan , Marjorie Robert-Guroff +4 more
Human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV) is a human type-C RNA tumor virus (retrovirus) previously identified in and isolated from several patients with T-cell leukemias or lymphomas. The known virus isolates 
 Human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV) is a human type-C RNA tumor virus (retrovirus) previously identified in and isolated from several patients with T-cell leukemias or lymphomas. The known virus isolates from the United States and Japan are closely related and are found in adults with an acute malignancy of mature T cells. A related retrovirus has been found in a patient (Mo) with a somewhat different disease (a T-cell variant of relatively benign hairy cell leukemia). Serum from Mo contains antibodies to the major internal core protein (p24) of HTLV. A T-cell line established from the spleen of Mo expresses HTLV antigens. However, HTLV from Mo is significantly different from all previous HTLV isolates in immunological cross-reactivity tests of p24. The usual prototype HTLV isolate is represented as HTLV-I, and the HTLV from Mo is represented as HTLV-II. Individual members of each subgroup may then be identified by subscript initials of the patient [for example, HTLV-I(CR), HTLV-I(MB), and HTLV-II(Mo)].

Population Dynamics of Immune Responses to Persistent Viruses

1996-04-05
Martin A. Nowak , Charles R. M. Bangham
Mathematical models, which are based on a firm understanding of biological interactions, can provide nonintuitive insights into the dynamics of host responses to infectious agents and can suggest new avenues 
 Mathematical models, which are based on a firm understanding of biological interactions, can provide nonintuitive insights into the dynamics of host responses to infectious agents and can suggest new avenues for experimentation. Here, a simple mathematical approach is developed to explore the relation between antiviral immune responses, virus load, and virus diversity. The model results are compared to data on cytotoxic T cell responses and viral diversity in infections with the human T cell leukemia virus (HTLV-1) and the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1).

T-lymphocyte T4 molecule behaves as the receptor for human retrovirus LAV

1984-12-01
David Klatzmann , Éric Champagne , S. Chamaret +5 more

Human adult T-cell leukemia virus: complete nucleotide sequence of the provirus genome integrated in leukemia cell DNA.

1983-06-01
Motoharu Seiki , Satoshi Hattori , Yoko Hirayama +1 more
Human retrovirus adult T-cell leukemia virus (ATLV) has been shown to be closely associated with human adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) [Yoshida, M., Miyoshi, I. & Hinuma, Y. (1982) Proc. Natl. 
 Human retrovirus adult T-cell leukemia virus (ATLV) has been shown to be closely associated with human adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) [Yoshida, M., Miyoshi, I. & Hinuma, Y. (1982) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 79, 2031-2035]. The provirus of ATLV integrated in DNA of leukemia T cells from a patient with ATL was molecularly cloned and the complete nucleotide sequence of 9,032 bases of the proviral genome was determined. The provirus DNA contains two long terminal repeats (LTRs) consisting of 755 bases, one at each end, which are flanked by a 6-base direct repeat of the cellular DNA sequence. The nucleotides in the LTR could be arranged into a unique secondary structure, which could explain transcriptional termination within the 3' LTR but not in the 5' LTR. The nucleotide sequence of the provirus contains three large open reading frames, which are capable of coding for proteins of 48,000, 99,000, and 54,000 daltons. The three open frames are in this order from the 5' end of the viral genome and the predicted 48,000-dalton polypeptide is a precursor of gag proteins, because it has an identical amino acid sequence to that of the NH2 terminus of human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV) p24. The open frames coding for 99,000- and 54,000-dalton polypeptides are thought to be the pol and env genes, respectively. On the 3' side of these three open frames, the ATLV sequence has four smaller open frames in various phases; these frames may code for 10,000-, 11,000-, 12,000-, and 27,000-dalton polypeptides. Although one or some of these open frames could be the transforming gene of this virus, in preliminary analysis, DNA of this region has no homology with the normal human genome.
View PDF Chat

Complementation Cloning of NEMO, a Component of the IÎșB Kinase Complex Essential for NF-ÎșB Activation

1998-06-01
Shoji Yamaoka , Gilles Courtois , Christine Bessia +6 more
View PDF Chat

A Method of Trace Iodination of Proteins for Immunologic Studies

1966-01-01
Patricia J. McConahey , Frank J. Dixon
Research Articles| July 16 2009 A Method of Trace Iodination of Proteins for Immunologic Studies Subject Area: Immunology and Allergy Patricia J. McConahey; Patricia J. McConahey Department of Experimental Pathology, 
 Research Articles| July 16 2009 A Method of Trace Iodination of Proteins for Immunologic Studies Subject Area: Immunology and Allergy Patricia J. McConahey; Patricia J. McConahey Department of Experimental Pathology, Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation, La Jolla, California Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar F.J. Dixon F.J. Dixon Department of Experimental Pathology, Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation, La Jolla, California Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar International Archives of Allergy and Applied Immunology (1966) 29 (2): 185–189. https://doi.org/10.1159/000229699 Article history Published Online: July 16 2009 Content Tools Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Patricia J. McConahey, F.J. Dixon; A Method of Trace Iodination of Proteins for Immunologic Studies. International Archives of Allergy and Applied Immunology 1 February 1966; 29 (2): 185–189. https://doi.org/10.1159/000229699 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsInternational Archives of Allergy and Applied Immunology Search Advanced Search Article PDF first page preview Close Modal This content is only available via PDF. 1966Copyright / Drug Dosage / DisclaimerCopyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug.Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. You do not currently have access to this content.

Detection, Isolation, and Continuous Production of Cytopathic Retroviruses (HTLV-III) from Patients with AIDS and Pre-AIDS

1984-05-04
Mikuláơ Popovič , M. G. Sarngadharan , Elizabeth J. Read +1 more
A cell system was developed for the reproducible detection of human T-lymphotropic retroviruses (HTLV family) from patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or with signs or symptoms that frequently 
 A cell system was developed for the reproducible detection of human T-lymphotropic retroviruses (HTLV family) from patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or with signs or symptoms that frequently precede AIDS (pre-AIDS). The cells are specific clones from a permissive human neoplastic T-cell line. Some of the clones permanently grow and continuously produce large amounts of virus after infection with cytopathic (HTLV-III) variants of these viruses. One cytopathic effect of HTLV-III in this system is the arrangement of multiple nuclei in a characteristic ring formation in giant cells of the infected T-cell population. These structures can be used as an indicator to detect HTLV-III in clinical specimens. This system opens the way to the routine detection of HTLV-III and related cytopathic variants of HTLV in patients with AIDS or pre-AIDS and in healthy carriers, and it provides large amounts of virus for detailed molecular and immunological analyses.

HTLV-I ASSOCIATED MYELOPATHY, A NEW CLINICAL ENTITY

1986-05-01
Mitsuhiro Osame , Koichiro Usuku , Shuji Izumo +5 more

Gene expression signatures define novel oncogenic pathways in T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia

2002-02-01
Adolfo A. Ferrando , Donna Neuberg , Jane Staunton +7 more
View PDF Chat

Binding of HTLV-III/LAV to T4 <sup>+</sup> T Cells by a Complex of the 110K Viral Protein and the T4 Molecule

1986-01-24
J. Steven McDougal , Melanie S. Kennedy , Julie M. Sligh +3 more
Human T-lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III) or lymphadenopathy-associated virus (LAV) is tropic for human T cells with the helper-inducer phenotype, as defined by reactivity with monoclonal antibodies specific for the 
 Human T-lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III) or lymphadenopathy-associated virus (LAV) is tropic for human T cells with the helper-inducer phenotype, as defined by reactivity with monoclonal antibodies specific for the T4 molecule. Treatment of T4+ T cells with monoclonal antibodies to T4 antigen blocks HTLV-III/LAV binding, syncytia formation, and infectivity. Thus, it has been inferred that the T4 molecule itself is a virus receptor. In the present studies, the surfaces of T4+ T cells were labeled radioactively, and then the cells were exposed to virus. After the cells were lysed, HTLV-III/LAV antibodies were found to precipitate a surface protein with a molecular weight of 58,000 (58K). By blocking and absorption experiments, this 58K protein was identified as the T4 molecule. No cell-surface structures other than the T4 molecule were involved in the antibody-antigen complex formation. Two monoclonal antibodies, each reactive with a separate epitope of the T4 molecule, were tested for their binding capacities in the presence of HTLV-III/LAV. When HTLV-III/LAV was bound to T4+ T cells, the virus blocked the binding of one of the monoclonal antibodies, T4A (OKT4A), but not of the other, T4 (OKT4). When HTLV-III/LAV was internally radiolabeled and bound to T4+ T cells which were then lysed, a viral glycoprotein of 110K (gp110) coprecipitated with the T4 molecule. The binding of gp110 to the T4 molecule may thus be a major factor in HTLV-III/LAV tropism and may prove useful in developing therapeutic or preventive measures for the acquired immune deficiency syndrome.

Epidemiological Aspects and World Distribution of HTLV-1 Infection

2012-01-01
Antoine Gessain , Olivier Cassar
The human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1), identified as the first human oncogenic retrovirus 30 years ago, is not an ubiquitous virus. HTLV-1 is present throughout the world, with 
 The human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1), identified as the first human oncogenic retrovirus 30 years ago, is not an ubiquitous virus. HTLV-1 is present throughout the world, with clusters of high endemicity located often nearby areas where the virus is nearly absent. The main HTLV-1 highly endemic regions are the Southwestern part of Japan, sub-Saharan Africa and South America, the Caribbean area and foci in Middle East and Australo-Melanesia. The origin of this puzzling geographical or rather ethnic repartition is probably linked to a founder effect in some groups with the persistence of a high viral transmission rate. Despite different socio-economic and cultural environments, the HTLV-1 prevalence increases gradually with age, especially among women in all highly endemic areas. The three modes of HTLV-1 transmission are mother to child, sexual transmission and transmission with contaminated blood products. Twenty years ago, de Thé and Bomford estimated the total number of HTLV-1 carriers to be 10-20 millions people. At that time, large regions had not been investigated, few population-based studies were available and the assays used for HTLV-1 serology were not enough specific. Despite the fact that there is still a lot of data lacking in large areas of the world and that most of the HTLV-1 studies concern only blood donors, pregnant women or different selected patients or high-risk groups, we shall try based on the most recent data, to revisit the world distribution and the estimates of the number of HTLV-1 infected persons. Our best estimates range from 5-10 millions HTLV-1 infected individuals. However, these results were based on approximately 1.5 billion of individuals originating from known endemic areas with reliable available epidemiological data. Correct estimates in other highly populated regions such as China, India, the Maghreb and East Africa is currently not possible, thus, the current number of HTLV-1 carriers is very probably much higher.
View PDF Chat

Isolation of a New Human Retrovirus from West African Patients with AIDS

1986-07-18
François Clavel , Denise GuĂ©tard , Françoise Brun‐VĂ©zinet +7 more
The etiological agent of AIDS, LAV/HTLV-III, is common in Central Africa but is not endemic in other areas of that continent. A novel human retrovirus, distinct from LAV/HTLV-III, has now 
 The etiological agent of AIDS, LAV/HTLV-III, is common in Central Africa but is not endemic in other areas of that continent. A novel human retrovirus, distinct from LAV/HTLV-III, has now been isolated from two AIDS patients from West Africa. Partial characterization of this virus revealed that it has biological and morphological properties very similar to LAV but that it differs in some of its antigenic components. Although the core antigens may share some common epitopes, the West African AIDS retrovirus and LAV differ substantially in their envelope glycoproteins. The envelope antigen of the West African virus can be recognized by serum from a macaque with simian AIDS infected by the simian retrovirus termed STLV-IIImac, suggesting that the West African AIDS virus may be more closely related to this simian virus than to LAV. Hybridization experiments with LAV subgenomic probes further established that this new retrovirus, here referred to as LAV-II, is distantly related to LAV and distinct from STLV-IIImac.

Diagnostic criteria and classification of clinical subtypes of adult T‐cell leukaemia‐lymphoma

1991-11-01
M Shimoyama
The following diagnostic criteria are proposed to classify four clinical subtypes of HTLV‐1 associated adult T‐cell leukaemia‐lymphoma (ATL): (1) Smouldering type, 5% or more abnormal lymphocytes of T‐cell nature in 
 The following diagnostic criteria are proposed to classify four clinical subtypes of HTLV‐1 associated adult T‐cell leukaemia‐lymphoma (ATL): (1) Smouldering type, 5% or more abnormal lymphocytes of T‐cell nature in PB, normal lymphocyte level (&lt; 4 × 10 9 /1), no hypercalcaemia (corrected calcium level &lt; 2·74 mmol/1), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) value of up to 1·5 × the normal upper limit, no lymphadenopathy, no involvement of liver, spleen, central nervous system (CNS), bone and gastrointestinal tract, and neither ascites nor pleural effusion. Skin and pulmonary lesion(s) may be present. In case of less than 5% abnormal T‐lymphocytes in PB, at least one of histologically‐proven skin and pulmonary lesions should be present. (2) Chronic type, absolute lymphocytosis (4 × 10 9 /1 or more) with T‐lymphocytosis more than 3·5 × 10 9 /1. LDH value up to twice the normal upper limit, no hypercalcaemia, no involvement of CNS, bone and gastrointestinal tract, and neither ascites nor pleural effusion. Lymphadenopathy and involvement of liver, spleen, skin, and lung may be present, and 5% or more abnormal T‐lymphocytes are seen in PB in most cases. (3) Lymphoma type, no lymphocytosis, 1% or less abnormal T‐lymphocytes, and histologically‐proven lymphadenopathy with or without extranodal lesions. (4) Acute type, remaining ATL patients who have usually leukaemic manifestation and tumour lesions, but are not classified as any of the three other types. A total of 818 ATL patients with a mean age of 57 years, newly diagnosed from 1983 to 1987, were analysed by this criteria. There were 448 males and 370 females, and 253 were still alive with a median follow‐up time of 13·3 months from diagnosis, while 565 were dead with a median survival time (MST) of 5·4 months. MST was 6·2 months for acute type, 10·2 months for lymphoma type, 24·3 months for chronic type, and not yet reached for smouldering type. Projected 2‐ and 4‐year survival rates were 16·7% and 5·0% for acute type, 21·3% and 5·7% for lymphoma type, 52·4% and 26 × 9% for chronic type, 77·7% and 62·8% for smouldering type, respectively. Distinct clinical features and laboratory findings of each clinical subtype are described.

Isolation and characterization of retrovirus from cell lines of human adult T-cell leukemia and its implication in the disease.

1982-03-01
Mitsuzi Yoshida , Ichiro Miyoshi , Yorio Hinuma
A retrovirus (ATLV) was unequivocally demonstrated in human adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) cell lines by density (1.152-1.155 g/cm3) in a sucrose gradient, reverse transcriptase activity insensitive to actinomycin D, RNA 
 A retrovirus (ATLV) was unequivocally demonstrated in human adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) cell lines by density (1.152-1.155 g/cm3) in a sucrose gradient, reverse transcriptase activity insensitive to actinomycin D, RNA labeled with [3H]uridine, and specific proteins with molecular weights of 11,000, 14,000, 17,000, 24,000, and 45,000. Furthermore, cDNA prepared by endogenous reaction with detergent-treated virions hybridized to 35S RNA containing poly(A), which was inducible by IdUrd treatment of a T-cell line derived from leukemic cells of the ATL, and the integrated form of ATLV proviral DNA was detected in T-cell lines derived from ATL. The ATLV proviral DNA was also detected in fresh peripheral lymphocytes from all five patients with ATL tested so far but not in those from healthy adults. On the other hand, ATLV protein of Mr 42,000 was found to be at least one of the ATL-associated antigen(s) that were previously detected in ATL-leukemic cells by all sera from patients with ATL. These findings on the close association of ATLV protein and proviral DNA with ATL are direct evidence for the possible involvement of the retrovirus ATLV in leukemogenesis of human ATL.
View PDF Chat

TAN-1, the human homolog of the Drosophila Notch gene, is broken by chromosomal translocations in T lymphoblastic neoplasms

1991-08-01
Leif W. Ellisen , Jeffrey Bird , Daniel C. West +4 more

Complete nucleotide sequence of the AIDS virus, HTLV-III

1985-01-01
Lee Ratner , William A. Haseltine , Roberto Patarca +7 more

Tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 1 stimulate the human immunodeficiency virus enhancer by activation of the nuclear factor kappa B.

1989-04-01
L Osborn , S L Kunkel , Gary J. Nabel
Binding of peptide hormones to surface membrane receptors leads to the transcription of specific genes within relevant target cells. How these signals are transduced to alter gene expression is largely 
 Binding of peptide hormones to surface membrane receptors leads to the transcription of specific genes within relevant target cells. How these signals are transduced to alter gene expression is largely unknown, but this mechanism probably involves a sequence of enzymatic steps that activate factors in the nucleus that modulate transcription. We now demonstrate that two different peptide hormones, or cytokines, stimulate the human immunodeficiency virus enhancer, and this effect is mediated by nuclear factor (NF) kappa B (nuclear factor that binds the kappa immunoglobulin light chain gene enhancer). These cytokines, tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 1, act on multiple cell types and represent the only naturally occurring activators of this transcription factor among eight cytokines examined. Although NF-kappa B binding can be stimulated by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, tumor necrosis factor alpha acts through an independent mechanism, inducing NF-kappa B binding in HT-2 cells, which did not show increased binding in response to phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, and causing superinduction in Jurkat T-lymphoma cells. Tumor necrosis factor alpha is also a more selective activator of T cells than phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, having no effect on lymphokine production in EL-4 cells at the same time it induces NF-kappa B. These findings suggest that human immunodeficiency virus gene expression can be induced in T cells without activating lymphokine secretion and that the role of these cytokines in the activation of latent human immunodeficiency virus infection deserves further clinical evaluation. Finally, this link between binding at the surface membrane and stimulation of a specific transcription factor should help define intermediates for these cytokine activation pathways.
View PDF Chat

Isolation of Lymphocytopathic Retroviruses from San Francisco Patients with AIDS

1984-08-24
Jay A. Levy , Anthony Hoffman , Susan M. Kramer +3 more
Infectious retroviruses have been detected in 22 of 45 randomly selected patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and in other individuals from San Francisco. The AIDS-associated retroviruses (ARV) studied 
 Infectious retroviruses have been detected in 22 of 45 randomly selected patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and in other individuals from San Francisco. The AIDS-associated retroviruses (ARV) studied in detail had a type D morphology, Mg2+-dependent reverse transcriptase, and cytopathic effects on lymphocytes. The viruses can be propagated in an established adult human T cell line, HUT-78. They cross-react with antiserum to the lymphadenopathy-associated retrovirus isolated from AIDS patients in France. Antibodies to ARV were found in all 86 AIDS patients and in a high percentage of 88 other homosexual men in San Francisco. This observation indicates the widespread presence of these lymphocytopathic retroviruses and their close association with AIDS.

Antibodies Reactive with Human T-Lymphotropic Retroviruses (HTLV-III) in the Serum of Patients with AIDS

1984-05-04
M. G. Sarngadharan , Mikuláơ Popovič , L Bruch +2 more
In cats, infection with T-lymphotropic retroviruses can cause T-cell proliferation and leukemia or T-cell depletion and immunosuppression. In humans, some highly T4 tropic retroviruses called HTLV-I can cause T-cell proliferation 
 In cats, infection with T-lymphotropic retroviruses can cause T-cell proliferation and leukemia or T-cell depletion and immunosuppression. In humans, some highly T4 tropic retroviruses called HTLV-I can cause T-cell proliferation and leukemia. The subgroup HTLV-II also induces T-cell proliferation in vitro, but its role in disease is unclear. Viruses of a third subgroup of human T-lymphotropic retroviruses, collectively designated HTLV-III, have been isolated from cultured cells of 48 patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The biological properties of HTLV-III and immunological analyses of its proteins show that this virus is a member of the HTLV family, and that it is more closely related to HTLV-II than to HTLV-I. Serum samples from 88 percent of patients with AIDS and from 79 percent of homosexual men with signs and symptoms that frequently precede AIDS, but from less than 1 percent of heterosexual subjects, have antibodies reactive against antigens of HTLV-III. The major immune reactivity appears to be directed against p41, the presumed envelope antigen of the virus.

Adult T-cell leukemia: antigen in an ATL cell line and detection of antibodies to the antigen in human sera.

1981-10-01
Yorio Hinuma , Keiko Nagata , Masao Hanaoka +5 more
Indirect immunofluorescence of certain human sera demonstrated an antigen(s) in the cytoplasm of 1--5% of the cells of a T-cell line, MT-1, from a patient with adult T-cell leukemia (ATL), 
 Indirect immunofluorescence of certain human sera demonstrated an antigen(s) in the cytoplasm of 1--5% of the cells of a T-cell line, MT-1, from a patient with adult T-cell leukemia (ATL), which is endemic in southwestern Japan. The antigen was not detected in other human lymphoid cell lines, including six T-cell lines, seven B-cell lines, and four non-T non-B cell lines. The antigen did not show cross antigenicity with that of herpesviruses, including Epstein--Barr virus, herpes simplex virus, cytomegalovirus, varicella-zoster virus, herpesvirus saimiri, and Marek disease virus. The proportion of antigen-bearing cells was increased by a factor of approximately 5 on culture in the presence of 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine. Antibodies against the antigen in MT-1 cells were found in all 44 patients with ATL examined and in 32 of 40 patients with malignant T-cell lymphomas (most of them had diseases similar to ATL except that leukemic cells were not found in the peripheral blood). The antibodies were also detected in 26% of the healthy adults examined from ATL-endemic areas but in only a few of those examined from ATL-non-endemic areas. On electron microscopy, extracellular type C virus particles were detected in pelleted MT-1 cells cultured in the presence of 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine.
View PDF Chat

Type C virus particles in a cord T-cell line derived by co-cultivating normal human cord leukocytes and human leukaemic T cells

1981-12-01
Isao Miyoshi , Ichiro Kubonishi , S Yoshimoto +5 more

Long term culture of tumour-specific cytotoxic T cells

1977-07-01
Steven Gillis , Kendall A. Smith

Rapid and automated tetrazolium-based colorimetric assay for the detection of anti-HIV compounds

1988-08-01
Rudi Pauwels , Jan Balzarini , Masanori Baba +5 more

The Role of Mononuclear Phagocytes in HTLV-III/LAV Infection

1986-07-11
Suzanne Gartner , P Markovits , David M. Markovitz +3 more
Cells with properties characteristic of mononuclear phagocytes were evaluated for infectivity with five different isolates of the AIDS virus, HTLV-III/LAV. Mononuclear phagocytes cultured from brain and lung tissues of AIDS 
 Cells with properties characteristic of mononuclear phagocytes were evaluated for infectivity with five different isolates of the AIDS virus, HTLV-III/LAV. Mononuclear phagocytes cultured from brain and lung tissues of AIDS patients harbored the virus. In vitro-infected macrophages from the peripheral blood, bone marrow, or cord blood of healthy donors produced large quantities of virus. Virus production persisted for at least 40 days and was not dependent on host cell proliferation. Giant multinucleated cells were frequently observed in the macrophage cultures and numerous virus particles, often located within vacuole-like structures, were present in infected cells. The different virus isolates were compared for their ability to infect macrophages and T cells. Isolates from lung- and brain-derived macrophages had a significantly higher ability to infect macrophages than T cells. In contrast, the prototype HTLV-III B showed a 10,000-fold lower ability to infect macrophages than T cells and virus production was one-tenth that in macrophage cultures infected with other isolates, indicating that a particular variant of HTLV-III/LAV may have a preferential tropism for macrophages or T cells. These results suggest that mononuclear phagocytes may serve as primary targets for infection and agents for virus dissemination and that these virus-infected cells may play a role in the pathogenesis of the disease.

ANTIBODIES TO HUMAN T-LYMPHOTROPIC VIRUS TYPE-I IN PATIENTS WITH TROPICAL SPASTIC PARAPARESIS

1985-08-01
Antoine Gessain , J C Vernant , L. Maurs +4 more

Isolation of Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus in Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)

1983-05-20
Robert C. Gallo , Prem S. Sarin , E P Gelmann +7 more
Several isolates of a human type-C retrovirus belonging to one group, known as human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV), have previously been obtained from patients with adult T-cell leukemia or lymphoma. 
 Several isolates of a human type-C retrovirus belonging to one group, known as human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV), have previously been obtained from patients with adult T-cell leukemia or lymphoma. The T-cell tropism of HTLV and its prevalence in the Caribbean basin prompted a search for it in patients with the epidemic T-cell immune deficiency disorder known as AIDS. Peripheral blood lymphocytes from one patient in the United States and two in France were cultured with T-cell growth factor (TCGF) an shown to express HTLV antigens. Virus from the U.S. patient was isolated and characterized and shown to be related to HTLV subgroup I. The virus was also transmitted into normal human T cells from umbilical cord blood of a newborn. Whether or not HTLV-I or other retroviruses of this family with T-cell tropism cause AIDS, it is possible that patients from whom the virus can be isolated can also transmit it to others. If the target cell of AIDS is the mature T cell as suspected, the methods used in these studies may prove useful for the long-term growth of these cells and for the identification of antigens specific for the etiological agent of AIDS.

Phase 2 trial of oral vorinostat (suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid, SAHA) for refractory cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL)

2006-09-07
Madeleine Duvic , Rakshandra Talpur , Xiao Ni +7 more

Global epidemiology of HTLV-I infection and associated diseases

2005-09-05
Fernando Augusto Proietti , Anna Barbara F. Carneiro‐Proietti , Bernadette Catalan-Soares +1 more

Isolation of a T-Lymphotropic Virus from Domestic Cats with an Immunodeficiency-Like Syndrome

1987-02-13
Niels C. Pedersen , Esther W. Ho , Marlo L. Brown +1 more
A highly T-lymphotropic virus was isolated from cats in a cattery in which all the animals were seronegative for feline leukemia virus. A number of cats in one pen had 
 A highly T-lymphotropic virus was isolated from cats in a cattery in which all the animals were seronegative for feline leukemia virus. A number of cats in one pen had died and several had an immunodeficiency-like syndrome. Only 1 of 18 normal cats in the cattery showed serologic evidence of infection with this new virus, whereas 10 of 25 cats with signs of ill health were seropositive for the virus. Tentatively designated feline T-lymphotropic lentivirus, this new feline retrovirus appears to be antigenically distinct from human immunodeficiency virus. There is no evidence for cat-to-human transmission of the agent. Kittens experimentally infected by way of blood or plasma from naturally infected animals developed generalized lymphadenopathy several weeks later, became transiently febrile and leukopenic, and continued to show a generalized lymphadenopathy 5 months after infection.

Inhibition of the in vitro infectivity and cytopathic effect of human T-lymphotrophic virus type III/lymphadenopathy-associated virus (HTLV-III/LAV) by 2',3'-dideoxynucleosides.

1986-03-01
Hiroaki Mitsuya , S Broder
Human T-lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III)/lymphadenopathy-associated virus (LAV) is a a newly discovered lymphotropic retrovirus that is cytopathic for helper/inducer T cells in vitro. This virus is the etiologic agent 
 Human T-lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III)/lymphadenopathy-associated virus (LAV) is a a newly discovered lymphotropic retrovirus that is cytopathic for helper/inducer T cells in vitro. This virus is the etiologic agent of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and related diseases. In the current study, we tested the capacity of purine and pyrimidine nucleoside derivatives to inhibit the infectivity and cytopathic effect of human T-lymphotropic virus type III in vitro. With the ribose moiety of the molecule in a 2',3'-dideoxy configuration, every purine (adenosine, guanosine, and inosine) and pyrimidine (cytidine and thymidine) nucleoside tested suppressed the virus, although the thymidine derivative seemed to have substantially less activity in our system than the others. In general, we observed essentially complete suppression of the virus at doses that were lower by a factor of 10 to 20 than those needed to inhibit the proliferation of the target T cells and the immune reactivity of normal T cells in vitro. An analysis of five adenosine congeners, which differed only in the sugar moiety, revealed that reduction (an absence of hydroxyl determinants) at both the 2' and 3' carbons of the ribose was necessary for an anti-viral effect, and an additional reduction at the 5' carbon nullified the anti-viral activity. These observations may be of value in developing a new class of experimental drugs for the therapy of human T-lymphotropic virus type III infections.
View PDF Chat

Detection and isolation of type C retrovirus particles from fresh and cultured lymphocytes of a patient with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma

1980-12-01
Bernard J. Poiesz , Francis W. Ruscetti , Adi F. Gazdar +3 more
Retrovirus particles with type C morphology were found in two T-cell lymphoblastoid cell lines, HUT 102 and CTCL-3, and in fresh peripheral blood lymphocytes obtained from a patient with a 
 Retrovirus particles with type C morphology were found in two T-cell lymphoblastoid cell lines, HUT 102 and CTCL-3, and in fresh peripheral blood lymphocytes obtained from a patient with a cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (mycosis fungoides). The cell lines continuously produce these viruses, which are collectively referred to as HTLV, strain CR (HTLV CR ). Originally, the production of virus from HUT 102 cells required induction with 5-iodo-2â€Č-deoxyuridine, but the cell line became a constitutive producer of virus at its 56th passage. Cell line CTCL-3 has been a constitutive producer of virus from its second passage in culture. Both mature and immature extracellular virus particles were seen in thin-section electron micrographs of fixed, pelleted cellular material; on occasion, typical type C budding virus particles were seen. No form of intracellular virus particle has been seen. Mature particles were 100–110 nm in diameter, consisted of an electron-dense core surrounded by an outer membrane separated by an electron-lucent region, banded at a density of 1.16 g/ml on a continuous 25–65% sucrose gradient, and contained 70S RNA and a DNA polymerase activity typical of viral reverse transcriptase (RT; RNA-dependent DNA nucleotidyltransferase). Under certain conditions of assay, HTLV CR RT showed cation preference for Mg 2+ over Mn 2+ , distinct from the characteristics of cellular DNA polymerases purified from human lymphocytes and the RT from most type C viruses. Antibodies to cellular DNA polymerase Îł and antibodies against RT purified from several animal retroviruses failed to detectably interact with HTLV CR RT under conditions that were positive for the respective homologous DNA polymerase, demonstrating a lack of close relationship of HTLV CR RT to cellular DNA polymerases Îł or RT of these viruses. Six major proteins, with sizes of approximately 10,000, 13,000, 19,000, 24,000, 42,000, and 52,000 daltons, were apparent when doubly banded, disrupted HTLV CR particles were chromatographed on a NaDodSO 4 /polyacrylamide gel. The number of these particle-associated proteins is consistent with the expected proteins of a retrovirus, but the sizes of some are distinct from those of most known retroviruses of the primate subgroups.
View PDF Chat

3'-Azido-3'-deoxythymidine (BW A509U): an antiviral agent that inhibits the infectivity and cytopathic effect of human T-lymphotropic virus type III/lymphadenopathy-associated virus in vitro.

1985-10-01
Hiroaki Mitsuya , Kent J. Weinhold , P A Furman +6 more
The acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is thought to result from infection of T cells by a pathogenic human retrovirus, human T-lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III) or lymphadenopathy-associated virus (LAV). 
 The acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is thought to result from infection of T cells by a pathogenic human retrovirus, human T-lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III) or lymphadenopathy-associated virus (LAV). In this report, we describe the antiviral effects of a thymidine analogue,3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (BW A509U), which, as a triphosphate, inhibits the reverse transcriptase of HTLV-III/LAV. This agent blocks the expression of the p24 gag protein of HTLV-III/LAV in H9 cells following exposure to virus. The drug also inhibits the cytopathic effect of HTLV-IIIB (a virus derived from a pool of American patients) and HTLV-III/RF-II (an isolate obtained from a Haitian patient that differs by about 20% in the amino acid sequence of the envelope gene from several isolates of HTLV-III/LAV, including HTLV-IIIB, analyzed so far). 3'-Azido-3'-deoxythymidine also completely blocks viral replication as assessed by reverse transcriptase production in normal human peripheral blood mononuclear cells exposed to HTLV-IIIB. Finally, at concentrations of 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine that block the in vitro infectivity and cytopathic effect of HTLV-IIIB, the in vitro immune functions of normal T cells remain basically intact.
View PDF Chat

The CD4 (T4) antigen is an essential component of the receptor for the AIDS retrovirus

1984-12-01
Angus Dalgleish , Peter C. L. Beverley , Paul R. Clapham +3 more
View PDF Chat

Nucleotide sequence of the AIDS virus, LAV

1985-01-01
Simon Wain‐Hobson , P. Sonigo , Olivier Danos +2 more

UPDATED KIEL CLASSIFICATION FOR LYMPHOMAS

1988-02-01
A G Stansfeld , J Diébold , Y Kapançi +7 more

The global health burden of infection‐associated cancers in the year 2002

2006-01-10
Donald Maxwell Parkin
Several infectious agents are considered to be causes of cancer in humans. The fraction of the different types of cancer, and of all cancers worldwide and in different regions, has 
 Several infectious agents are considered to be causes of cancer in humans. The fraction of the different types of cancer, and of all cancers worldwide and in different regions, has been estimated using several methods; primarily by reviewing the evidence for the strength of the association (relative risk) and the prevalence of infection in different world areas. The estimated total of infection-attributable cancer in the year 2002 is 1.9 million cases, or 17.8% of the global cancer burden. The principal agents are the bacterium Helicobacter pylori (5.5% of all cancer), the human papilloma viruses (5.2%), the hepatitis B and C viruses (4.9%), Epstein-Barr virus (1%), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) together with the human herpes virus 8 (0.9%). Relatively less important causes of cancer are the schistosomes (0.1%), human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (0.03%) and the liver flukes (0.02%). There would be 26.3% fewer cancers in developing countries (1.5 million cases per year) and 7.7% in developed countries (390,000 cases) if these infectious diseases were prevented. The attributable fraction at the specific sites varies from 100% of cervix cancers attributable to the papilloma viruses to a tiny proportion (0.4%) of liver cancers (worldwide) caused by liver flukes.
View PDF Chat

REDOX REGULATION OF CELLULAR ACTIVATION

1997-04-01
Hajime Nakamura , Kazuhiro Nakamura , Junji Yodoi
â–Ș Abstract Growing evidence has indicated that cellular reduction/oxidation (redox) status regulates various aspects of cellular function. Oxidative stress can elicit positive responses such as cellular proliferation or activation, as 
 â–Ș Abstract Growing evidence has indicated that cellular reduction/oxidation (redox) status regulates various aspects of cellular function. Oxidative stress can elicit positive responses such as cellular proliferation or activation, as well as negative responses such as growth inhibition or cell death. Cellular redox status is maintained by intracellular redox-regulating molecules, including thioredoxin (TRX). TRX is a small multifunctional protein that has a redox-active disulfide/dithiol within the conserved active site sequence: Cys-Gly-Pro-Cys. Adult T cell leukemia–derived factor (ADF), which we originally defined as an IL-2 receptor α-chain/Tac inducer produced by human T cell lymphotrophic virus-I (HTLV-I)–transformed T cells, has been identified as human TRX. TRX/ADF is a stress-inducible protein secreted from cells. TRX/ADF has both intracellular and extracellular functions as one of the key regulators of signaling in the cellular responses against various stresses. Extracellularly, TRX/ADF shows a cytoprotective activity against oxidative stress–induced apoptosis and a growth-promoting effect as an autocrine growth factor. Intracellularly, TRX/ADF is involved in the regulation of protein-protein or protein–nucleic acid interactions through the reduction/oxidation of protein cysteine residues. For example, TRX/ADF translocates from the cytosol into the nucleus by a variety of cellular stresses, to regulate the expression of various genes through the redox factor-1 (Ref-1)/APEX. Further studies to clarify the regulatory roles of TRX/ADF and its target molecules may elucidate the intracellular signaling pathways in the responses against various stresses. The concept of “redox regulation” is emerging as an understanding of the novel mechanisms in the pathogenesis of several disorders, including viral infections, immunodeficiency, malignant transformation, and degenerative disease.

Natural cytotoxic reactivity of mouse lymphoid cells against syngeneic and allogeneic tumors. I. Distribution of reactivity and specificity

1975-08-15
Ronald B. Herberman , Myrthel E. Nunn , David H. Lavrin
Lymphoid cells from many normal mice of a variety of inbred strains were found to have reactivity, in a 51Cr release cytotoxicity assay, against several syngeneic and allogeneic tumors. Very 
 Lymphoid cells from many normal mice of a variety of inbred strains were found to have reactivity, in a 51Cr release cytotoxicity assay, against several syngeneic and allogeneic tumors. Very high reactivity was seen with effector cells from athymic nude mice, which was consistent with other evidence that the reactivity was not T-cell dependent. Target cells susceptible to lysis included tumors induced by oncogenic type-C viruses but also tumors induced by other means and expressing endogenous type-C viruses. The levels of natural reactivity were influenced by age, with highest cytotoxicity produced by cells from 5- to 8-week-old mice. Lymph-node cells, spleen cells, peritoneal exudate cells and peripheral blood lymphocytes all had cytotoxic reactivity. The specificity of the reactions was analyzed in detail by ana inhibition assay. Evidence was obtained for natural reactivty against several different antigens, each apparently associated with expression of murine endogenous type-C viruses.

Isolation of HTLV-III from Cerebrospinal Fluid and Neural Tissues of Patients with Neurologic Syndromes Related to the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

1985-12-12
David D. Ho , T R Rota , Robert T. Schooley +7 more
Original Article from The New England Journal of Medicine — Isolation of HTLV-III from Cerebrospinal Fluid and Neural Tissues of Patients with Neurologic Syndromes Related to the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Original Article from The New England Journal of Medicine — Isolation of HTLV-III from Cerebrospinal Fluid and Neural Tissues of Patients with Neurologic Syndromes Related to the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Adult T-cell leukemia: clinical and hematologic features of 16 cases

1977-09-01
Tsuneo Uchiyama , Junji Yodoi , Kimitaka Sagawa +2 more

The Risk of Transfusion-Transmitted Viral Infections

1996-06-27
George B. Schreiber , Michael P. Busch , Steven Kleinman +1 more
Accurate estimates of the risk of transfusion-transmitted infectious disease are essential for monitoring the safety of the blood supply and evaluating the potential effect of new screening tests. We estimated 
 Accurate estimates of the risk of transfusion-transmitted infectious disease are essential for monitoring the safety of the blood supply and evaluating the potential effect of new screening tests. We estimated the risk of transmitting the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV), the hepatitis C virus (HCV), and the hepatitis B virus (HBV) from screened blood units donated during the window period following a recent, undetected infection.
View PDF Chat

Adult T-cell leukemia: clinical and hematologic features of 16 cases

1977-09-01
T Uchiyama , J Yodoi , Kimitaka Sagawa +2 more
View PDF Chat

Diagnostic Challenges in T-Cell Lymphoma with Overlapping Infectious Complications

2025-06-24
S. Saydzai , C. Fowell , A. Onafowokan +5 more | International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Human T Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 and Human T Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type 2 Mortality in the Shipibo-Konibo People

2025-06-24
Isaac E. Alva , Magaly M. Blas , Nicanor Mori +4 more | American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
High rates of human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) and human T cell lymphotropic virus type 2 (HTLV-2) infections have been reported among Andean and Amazonian Peruvian indigenous 
 High rates of human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) and human T cell lymphotropic virus type 2 (HTLV-2) infections have been reported among Andean and Amazonian Peruvian indigenous populations in Peru. The Shipibo-Konibo people are the third-largest Amazonian indigenous group living in Peru. By using data from two observational studies conducted in the Shipibo-Konibo community, we estimated that the risk of all-cause death at 12 years was 3.11 times higher (95% CI: 1.58-6.10) for people with HTLV-1 infection compared with those with HTLV-2 infection or without HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 infections.

Melphalan improves toxicity of arsenic trioxide in adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma cells

2025-06-24
Faeze Khodadadi , Mohammad Hadi Sadeghian , Zahra Delbari +3 more | Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports

JunB–HBZ nuclear translocation by TGF-ÎČ is a key driver in HTLV-1-mediated leukemogenesis

2025-06-23
Wenyi Zhang , Takafumi Shichijo , Xueda Chen +4 more | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
The HTLV-1 bZIP factor (HBZ) gene, which is the only viral gene conserved and consistently expressed in all adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma (ATL) cases, is critical for ATL oncogenesis. Although HBZ 
 The HTLV-1 bZIP factor (HBZ) gene, which is the only viral gene conserved and consistently expressed in all adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma (ATL) cases, is critical for ATL oncogenesis. Although HBZ protein is found in both the nucleus and the cytoplasm, the dynamics of HBZ protein localization and its contribution to oncogenesis have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we analyzed the subcellular expression pattern of HBZ in primary HTLV-1-infected T cells from asymptomatic carriers and leukemic cells of ATL patients using the Proximity Ligation Assay. Nuclear localization of HBZ protein was significantly higher in fresh ATL cells than in HTLV-1-infected cells from carriers. Importantly, translocation of HBZ protein from the cytoplasm to the nucleus after TGF-ÎČ activation was observed in ATL patients, but not in HTLV-1 carriers. In ATL cells, the cellular transcription factors JunB and pSmad3 interact with HBZ and facilitate its nuclear translocation upon TGF-ÎČ stimulation. JUNB knockdown inhibits cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo and promotes apoptosis in ATL cells but not in HTLV-1-infected nonleukemic cells, indicating that JunB has important roles in maintaining ATL cells. In conclusion, TGF-ÎČ-induced nuclear translocation of HBZ-JunB complexes is associated with ATL oncogenesis.

O uso do natalizumabe no tratamento da esclerose mĂșltipla e os riscos potenciais associados ao seu uso a longo prazo

2025-06-23
Antonio Augusto Almeida Ribeiro Neto , Rodrigo Silva Rocha , Vinnicius Martins Vianna +3 more | OBSERVATÓRIO DE LA ECONOMÍA LATINOAMERICANA
A esclerose mĂșltipla (EM) Ă© uma doença inflamatĂłria crĂŽnica e autoimune do sistema nervoso central, que afeta principalmente o cĂ©rebro e a medula espinhal, ocasionando desmielinização e comprometimento funcional progressivo. 
 A esclerose mĂșltipla (EM) Ă© uma doença inflamatĂłria crĂŽnica e autoimune do sistema nervoso central, que afeta principalmente o cĂ©rebro e a medula espinhal, ocasionando desmielinização e comprometimento funcional progressivo. O natalizumabe, um anticorpo monoclonal, tem sido utilizado no tratamento da forma remitente-recorrente da EM (EMRR) por sua eficĂĄcia em reduzir a atividade inflamatĂłria, atuando na inibição da migração de linfĂłcitos para o sistema nervoso central. No entanto, seu uso prolongado tem sido associado a efeitos adversos significativos, como a Leucoencefalopatia Multifocal Progressiva (LMP), uma infecção viral grave e potencialmente fatal. Este estudo tem como objetivo revisar sistematicamente a literatura cientĂ­fica publicada entre 2013 e 2023, a fim de avaliar os riscos associados ao uso prolongado do natalizumabe em pacientes com EMRR. A metodologia adotada foi a revisĂŁo sistemĂĄtica de publicaçÔes indexadas em bases de dados cientĂ­ficas, com critĂ©rios de inclusĂŁo previamente estabelecidos. Os resultados evidenciam que, embora o natalizumabe apresente benefĂ­cios clĂ­nicos considerĂĄveis, sua utilização contĂ­nua requer monitoramento rigoroso devido ao risco de desenvolvimento da LMP. Conclui-se que, diante desses riscos, Ă© fundamental investir em estratĂ©gias terapĂȘuticas alternativas e em pesquisa voltada Ă  prevenção e tratamento seguro da esclerose mĂșltipla.

Mesenchymal stem cells and their secretome modulate stress and enhance lipogenesis in bovine mammary epithelial cells

2025-06-23
Roni Tadmor‐Levi , Lior Sharabi , Ariel Koren +3 more | Stem Cell Research & Therapy
Increased production of the modern dairy cow can induce a stress response by the mammary epithelial cells (MEC) and compromise production traits. To alleviate this stress response, various strategies have 
 Increased production of the modern dairy cow can induce a stress response by the mammary epithelial cells (MEC) and compromise production traits. To alleviate this stress response, various strategies have been tested. Previous studies have shown an immunomodulatory effect of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and their secretome on different cell types and tissues; however, their effect in the context of lactation performance has not yet been studied. In this study, we aimed to assess the effects of MSC and their secretome on the stress response and lipogenesis in bovine MEC. We measured gene expression, lipid droplet (LD) characteristics, and triglyceride content in bovine MEC subjected to stress. The effect of co-culturing with MSC or their secretome, used as conditioned media (CM) was evaluated in the same context. In MEC, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) triggered a progressive rise in pro-inflammatory cytokines, while H2O2 predominantly activated lipogenic pathways. More specifically, acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) expression significantly increased in response to H2O2, whereas no change was observed in LPS-treated cells. Fatty acid synthase (FASN) expression decreased under LPS and remained unchanged under H2O2. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD1) expression was significantly elevated by LPS but remained stable under H2O2. Both stressors increased triglyceride content of MEC after 48 h and reduced intracellular LD size. When MEC were co-cultured with MSC, the response to LPS was attenuated, as indicated by lower expression of the pro-inflammatory genes, interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα). Using MSC secretome as CM for MEC led to reduced expression of TNFα and IL-6 under both basal conditions and in response to LPS. Interestingly, independent of external stress, MSC secretome significantly increased the expression of all lipogenic genes, including FASN, ACC and diacylglycerol acyl-transferase (DGAT). These results demonstrate that the lipogenic capacity of MEC as well as their intracellular LD size and number, are integral to the stress response. MSC exerted an immunomodulatory effect on MEC and enhanced their lipogenic capacity. This effect is at least partly mediated by paracrine factors, and does not require physical contact between MEC and MSC. Further studies are warranted to identify the bioactive components, which could be used to enhance MEC bioactivity during lactation.

Rheumatological Manifestations in People Living with Human T-Lymphotropic Viruses 1 and 2 (HTLV-1 and HTLV-2) in Northern Brazil

2025-06-20
MĂĄrcio Yutaka Tsukimata , Bianca Lumi Inomata da Silva , Leonn Mendes Soares Pereira +7 more | Viruses
Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1) infection has been associated with inflammatory, autoimmune, and lymphoproliferative diseases with a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations. Among patients with inflammatory rheumatological disease manifestations, cases 
 Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1) infection has been associated with inflammatory, autoimmune, and lymphoproliferative diseases with a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations. Among patients with inflammatory rheumatological disease manifestations, cases of rheumatoid arthritis, Sjögren’s syndrome, polymyositis, and fibromyalgia, among others, have been reported. Another common feature of rheumatological diseases is the presence of joint manifestations, such as arthralgia and arthritis. In the present study, we sought to determine the laboratory profile and clinical rheumatological manifestations of people living with HTLV-1/2 residing in a metropolitan area in the Brazilian Amazon. A total of 957 individuals were screened for HTLV-1/2 infection by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and samples from seropositive individuals were subjected to infection confirmation by Western blotting or quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Individuals with confirmed HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 infection were clinically evaluated for signs and symptoms of rheumatological diseases. Of the 957 individuals tested, 69 were positive for HTLV-1/2 infection, with 56 confirmed cases of HTLV-1 infection (5.9%), 12 of HTLV-2 infection (1.2%), and 1 classified as undetermined (0.1%). After clinical screening, 15 infected individuals with complaints suggestive of rheumatological disease were selected for evaluation by a rheumatologist (11 with HTLV-1 infection (1.1%) and 4 with HTLV-2 infection (0.4%)). The predominant pain pattern was symmetrical polyarthralgia, with large joints predominantly being affected. The diseases diagnosed were psoriatic arthritis, osteoarthritis, fibromyalgia, and regional pain syndromes. Antinuclear antibody (ANA) positivity was observed in two patients. Our findings confirm that HTLV-1 infection is associated with rheumatological disease manifestations and highlight the novel finding of cases of HTLV-2 infection in patients with rheumatoid arthritis symptoms.

Entinostat and novel analogs: preclinical evidence for anti-proliferative activity in adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma

2025-06-17
Sajad Goudarzi , Zahra Nasiri Sarvi , Hossein Ayatollahi +4 more | Medical Oncology

Abstract P3-06-06: Associations between social drivers of health and breast cancer stage at diagnosis among US Black women

2025-06-13
Mollie E. Barnard , Bo Qin , Marc A. Emerson +6 more | Clinical Cancer Research
Abstract Introduction: In the US, Black women who are diagnosed with breast cancer experience disproportionately high disease-specific mortality. This is, in part, because US Black women are more likely to 
 Abstract Introduction: In the US, Black women who are diagnosed with breast cancer experience disproportionately high disease-specific mortality. This is, in part, because US Black women are more likely to be diagnosed with advanced-stage breast cancer. We sought to understand how social drivers of health (SDOH) relate to breast cancer diagnostic stage among US Black women. Methods: This analysis included self-identified Black or African American women diagnosed with breast cancer who were participants in the Black Women’s Health Study (BWHS; n=1,777), the Women’s Circle of Health Study (WCHS; n=1,725), or the Carolina Breast Cancer Study Phase 3 (CBCS; n=1,493). SDOH were self-reported at enrollment in WCHS and CBCS, and on pre-diagnosis questionnaires in the BWHS. Data on stage at diagnosis and tumor characteristics were abstracted from medical records and state cancer registry records. We used polytomous logistic regression adjusted for age at diagnosis, insurance status, and household income below the federal poverty line to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for stage at diagnosis in association with each categorical SDOH exposure. Two categories of advanced stage (stage 2; stage 3 or 4) were compared to stage 1. Stages 3 and 4 were combined due to small numbers of stage 4 participants (BWHS n=75, WCHS n=50, CBCS n=109). Study-specific ORs were combined using fixed effects meta-analysis. Results: Higher odds of late stage (3 or 4) versus stage 1 cancer were significantly associated with underutilization of mammographic screening (OR=2.97, 95% CI 1.85-4.77) and household income below the federal poverty line (OR=1.90, 95% CI 1.17-3.11). ORs were above 1.0 for lack of health insurance (OR=1.48, 95% CI 0.82-2.67) and lower educational status (i.e., did not graduate from high school; OR=1.24, 95% CI 0.76-2.03) but were not statistically significant. Marital status was not associated with late stage. Discussion: SDOH that reflect economic instability and lower access to preventive healthcare were associated with later stage at diagnosis among US Black women with breast cancer. Interventions to increase screening utilization must contend with financial and insurance barriers to reduce late-stage diagnoses in this historically underserved population. Acknowledgements: The Breast Cancer Research Foundation’s Health Equity Initiative was supported by the EstĂ©e Lauder Companies Charitable Foundation. Citation Format: Mollie Barnard, Bo Qin, Marc A. Emerson, Etienne X. Holder, Elisa V. Bandera, Christine B. Ambrosone, Julie R. Palmer, Melissa A. Troester, Terry Hyslop, on behalf of the Breast Cancer Research Foundation’s Health Equity Initiative. Associations between social drivers of health and breast cancer stage at diagnosis among US Black women [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium 2024; 2024 Dec 10-13; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2025;31(12 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-06-06.

An HTLV-1 carrier with sporadic late-onset nemaline myopathy accompanied by skin lesions indicating indolent adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma and Sjögren’s syndrome: A case report and literature review

2025-06-13
Ako Miyata , Tomomi Shijo , Rumiko Izumi +6 more | Neuromuscular Disorders

Enhanced HIV-1 Neutralizing Antibody Breadth in HTLV-2 Co-Infected Individuals: Influence of Antiretroviral Regimen and B Cell Subset Distribution

2025-06-13
Eloísa Yuste , María J. Ruiz-de-León , José L. Casado +7 more | Vaccines
Background/Objectives: This study aimed to explore how HTLV-2 infection affects the production of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) in persons with HIV-1 (PWH) and to assess the impact of boosted protease 
 Background/Objectives: This study aimed to explore how HTLV-2 infection affects the production of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) in persons with HIV-1 (PWH) and to assess the impact of boosted protease inhibitors (PIs). Methods: We evaluated broadly neutralizing antibody (bNAb) activity in 65 PWH, which included 27 who were also co-infected with HTLV-2. All participants were former injection drug users with HCV antibodies and were receiving suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART). Neutralizing activity was assessed against six recombinant HIV-1 viruses that represent five different subtypes. B cell subsets were also analyzed. Results: HTLV-2 co-infection and the lack of ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitors (r-PIs) were both independently associated with higher neutralization scores (p = 0.017 and p = 0.005, respectively). Among those not on r-PIs, individuals co-infected with HTLV-2 showed significantly higher neutralization scores (p = 0.027) and a broader neutralization breadth (83.4% vs. 48.5%, p = 0.015) compared to those infected only with HIV-1. Additionally, HTLV-2 co-infected individuals had more resting memory B cells (p = 0.001) and fewer activated memory B cells (p = 0.017) than the HIV-1 mono-infected individuals. In our multivariate analysis, only HTLV-2 co-infection remained independently associated with neutralization scores (p = 0.027). Elite neutralizers (with a breadth score of ≄10) had more naive B cells and fewer resting memory B cells compared to those with weaker neutralization in both groups. Conclusions: Co-infection with HTLV-2 enhances bNAb production in PWH on suppressive ART and, in particular, in the absence of r-PI regimens. The prominent neutralizing activity corresponded with B cell subset distributions. The results suggest the complexity regarding the interaction between viral co-infections, antiretroviral regimens, and humoral immune compartments and may inform further H1V-1 pathogenesis inquiries or the appropriate design of a vaccine.

Study of circulation of bovine leukaemia virus genotypes in Central Asia

2025-06-13
ĐĄĐ°Đ»Ń‚Đ°ĐœĐ°Ń‚ ĐœĐ°ĐŒĐ°ĐœĐŸĐČĐ° , ĐĄ.Е. КаĐčĐŒĐŸĐ»ĐŽĐžĐœĐ° , Amirkhan Kassen +2 more | CABI Reviews
Abstract Leukaemia is a widespread worldwide disease of dairy and beef cattle, which is viral in nature. The disease is widespread in 12 out of 14 regions of Kazakhstan, which 
 Abstract Leukaemia is a widespread worldwide disease of dairy and beef cattle, which is viral in nature. The disease is widespread in 12 out of 14 regions of Kazakhstan, which makes research aimed at prevention and elimination of this disease relevant and necessary. The purpose of this study was to analyse the literature sources on the study of the spread and diagnosis of bovine leukaemia in Kazakhstan and neighbouring countries. The methods of comparison, critical analysis, and generalisation were used in the study. As a result of the analysis, data on significant infection of animals in this region of the planet with bovine leukaemia virus were obtained. In Kazakhstan, the incidence of cow disease ranges within 4.1–18.8% but given the low coverage of serological testing of animals in the Republic of Kazakhstan, these values may not be reliable. In other countries in the region, animal infection rates ranged within 20–60%, and only Cambodia, Myanmar, the Philippines, and Taiwan had disease rates below 10%. The main genotypes whose circulation was detected in this region were genotypes G1, G2, G3, G4, G6, and G10, with the highest prevalence of G1, G4, G6, and G10. In Kazakhstan, the genotype composition of the leukaemia virus was somewhat different. The G7 genotype, which is characteristic of the European part of Eurasia, was added to the characteristic genotypes. The most effective methods of early diagnosis of animal infestation include the method of immunoenzymatic analysis and molecular genetic method using polymerase chain reaction. Practical application of the conducted study lies in the possibility of tracing the origin of viral infection in animals and genetic analysis of geographical diversity of bovine leukaemia virus strains.

Infants of hepatitis B surface antigen positive women of Black ethnicity in the UK may be at risk of acquiring human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1

2025-06-12
Daniel Bradshaw , Panida Silalang , Nick Andrews +7 more | Journal of Infection

Feline leukemia virus: etiologic, pathogenetic and epidemiologic aspects of infection in Europe (review article)

2025-06-12
O. Panteleienko , O. A. Tarasov , M. Shevchenko +3 more | Bulletin Veterinary biotechnology
Feline leukemia virus (FeLV) is one of the most significant viral threats to domestic cats, responsible for progressive immunosuppression, oncogenesis, and increased susceptibility to secondary infections. Despite six decades of 
 Feline leukemia virus (FeLV) is one of the most significant viral threats to domestic cats, responsible for progressive immunosuppression, oncogenesis, and increased susceptibility to secondary infections. Despite six decades of research, FeLV remains a challenge due to its genetic variability, complex pathogenesis, and diagnostic difficulties. The infection presents in progressive, regressive, focal, and abortive forms, complicating clinical identification and requiring multi-faceted diagnostic approaches.

A small B-cell leukemia/lymphoma with weak to negative expression of CD5

2025-06-12
Shamini Selvarajah , Daniel Xia | Blood

Preclinical activity of brincidofovir in Peripheral T-cell and NK/T-cell Lymphoma

2025-06-03
Jason Yongsheng Chan , Elizabeth Chun Yong Lee , Kelila Xin Ye Chai +7 more | Research Square (Research Square)
<title>Abstract</title> <bold>Introduction:</bold> Brincidofovir (BCV) is a novel nucleoside phosphonate analogue with unique dual anti-viral and anti-tumor properties. <bold>Methods:</bold> Activity of BCV was evaluated in forty-four cell-line models, including T/NK-cell non-Hodgkin 
 <title>Abstract</title> <bold>Introduction:</bold> Brincidofovir (BCV) is a novel nucleoside phosphonate analogue with unique dual anti-viral and anti-tumor properties. <bold>Methods:</bold> Activity of BCV was evaluated in forty-four cell-line models, including T/NK-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (T/NK-NHL, n=25) and B-cell lymphoma (BCL, n=19), as well as their respective NOD/SCID mice xenograft models (NK/T-cell lymphoma, peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified, <italic>TP63</italic>-rearranged anaplastic large cell lymphoma, and <italic>MYC</italic>/<italic>BCL2</italic>-rearranged diffuse large B-cell lymphoma). Potential <italic>in vivo</italic>immunogenic effects were examined in a syngeneic EL4-C57BL/6 murine lymphoma model. <bold>Results:</bold> BCV demonstrated potent anti-tumor activity <italic>in vitro</italic> across the majority of cell-lines regardless of EBV positivity, with IC50 values within clinically-achievable human plasma concentrations (2 ”g/ml) in 17/25 (68.0%) T/NK-NHL and in 13/19 (68.4%) BCL. <italic>In vivo</italic> treatment via intraperitoneal BCV (40mg/kg, 2X per week) significantly inhibited tumor growth in all xenograft models when compared to vehicle control. Notably, RNAseq analysis demonstrated BCV downregulated <italic>MYC</italic> and MYC-target pathways in T/NK-NHL models. Further mechanistic studies showed that BCV evoked S-phase cell cycle arrest, replication stress, DNA damage and apoptosis, while also triggering STING pathway-mediated interferon responses, PD-L1 expression and immunogenic cell death. In the syngeneic EL4-C57BL/6 model, BCV in combination with anti-PD1 significantly inhibited tumor growth and triggered an immune reaction characterized by highest scores for adaptive immune response, cytokines/chemokines &amp; receptors, cytotoxic cells, dendritic cells, NK CD56dim cells and neutrophils (NanoString Immunology Panel). <bold>Conclusions:</bold> Taken together, these results demonstrate a novel role of BCV in the treatment of lymphoma, and suggest potential for combination with checkpoint immunotherapy.

Association of viral exposure with tuberculosis disease progression: A systematic review

2025-06-01
Derrick Semugenze , George William Kasule , Achilles Katamba +4 more | Microbial Pathogenesis

Disease progression and regression to the mean

2025-06-01
Jonathan Kantor | Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology

Strategien zur Verbesserung des HPV-Impfstatus auf kommunaler Ebene

2025-06-01
Birgit Hunstig , Barbara Treunert | Public Health Forum
Zusammenfassung Die HPV-Impfrate ist nach wie vor nicht ausreichend. Kommunale Dashboards helfen, das Impfgeschehen zu verfolgen. Dabei werden zum einen Herausforderungen diskutiert. Zum anderen werden Initiativen wie AufklĂ€rungsarbeit, Schulimpfungen, Einladungs- 
 Zusammenfassung Die HPV-Impfrate ist nach wie vor nicht ausreichend. Kommunale Dashboards helfen, das Impfgeschehen zu verfolgen. Dabei werden zum einen Herausforderungen diskutiert. Zum anderen werden Initiativen wie AufklĂ€rungsarbeit, Schulimpfungen, Einladungs- und Erinnerungssysteme zur J1-Untersuchung, Impfwochen und „Health in all policies“ verstĂ€rkt. Die Empfehlungen gehen dahin, mehrere AnsĂ€tze gleichzeitig zu verfolgen. Der Kreis Mettmann schaut dabei auf ein langbewĂ€hrtes Vorgehen zurĂŒck.

Machine Learning-Driven Discovery of Anoikis-Related Biomarkers in Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma Subtypes

2025-06-01
Mohadeseh Zarei Ghobadi , Elaheh Afsaneh | Advances in Biomarker Sciences and Technology

OUTCOMES OF PATIENTS WITH PERIPHERAL T‐CELL LYMPHOMA BY RACE/ETHNICITY AND CLINICAL TRIAL ENROLLMENT

2025-06-01
A. Sanjurjo , David DeStephano , Justine M. Kahn +7 more | Hematological Oncology

REAL‐WORLD OUTCOMES OF MITOXANTRONE HYDROCHLORIDE LIPOSOME REGIMEN FOR PERIPHERAL T‐CELL LYMPHOMA: THE EFFICACY AND SAFETY ANALYSIS OF TREATMENT‐NAÏVE POPULATION

2025-06-01
Di Zhao , Liping Su , Lei Liu +7 more | Hematological Oncology

CLINICAL OUTCOMES OF ALLOGENEIC HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION IN PATIENTS WITH HEPATOSPLENIC T‐CELL LYMPHOMA

2025-06-01
Zhihui Zhang , Chen Dong , Haicheng Gao +7 more | Hematological Oncology

IMPACT OF OBESITY AND OVERWEIGHT ON OUTCOMES OF PATIENTS WITH B‐CELL LYMPHOMAS AND MULTIPLE MYELOMA TREATED WITH CAR‐T CELLS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META‐ANALYSIS

2025-06-01
Adriana Roque , C. Almeida , C. Geraldes +1 more | Hematological Oncology

AUTOLOGOUS VERSUS ALLOGENEIC HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION FOR T‐CELL LYMPHOBLASTIC LYMPHOMA

2025-06-01
Hao Huang , Qiao Cheng , Yuanxin Zhu +4 more | Hematological Oncology

PATIENT‐REPORTED ADVERSE EVENTS AND HEALTH‐RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE BY CAR T‐CELL PRODUCT IN PATIENTS WITH AGGRESSIVE B‐CELL LYMPHOMAS

2025-06-01
Fabio Efficace , Francesca Bonifazi , Pier Luigi Zinzani +7 more | Hematological Oncology

ADDRESSING HYPERCALCEMIA IN ADULT T‐CELL LEUKEMIA/LYMPHOMA

2025-06-01
Maya D. Srinivasan , Marcello Tucci , J. Mark Sloan | Hematological Oncology

OUTCOMES WITH CAR‐T AND SUBSEQUENT THERAPIES IN PATIENTS WITH T CELL HISTIOCYTE‐RICH LARGE B‐CELL LYMPHOMA, UK EXPERIENCE

2025-06-01
Dima El Sharkawi , Amy A. Kirkwood , A. Abdulgawad +7 more | Hematological Oncology

SIMPLIFIED MOLECULAR IPI AS ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR CLINICAL TRIALS: ANALYSIS OF THE TURKISH LYMPHOMA STUDY GROUP’S LARGE B‐CELL LYMPHOMA COHORT

2025-06-01
Ümit Yılmaz , Esra Terzi Demirsoy , Fatma Keklik Karadağ +7 more | Hematological Oncology

FERTILE: A LONG‐TERM ANALYSIS OF FERTILITY AMONG WOMEN TREATED WITH R‐ACVBP/R‐CHOP FOR DIFFUSE LARGE B‐CELL LYMPHOMA, A RETROSPECTIVE, POOLED STUDY OF LYSA TRIALS

2025-06-01
Lucie Obéric , Daphné Krzisch , H. GhesquiÚres +7 more | Hematological Oncology

PERFORMANCE OF BASELINE AND END‐OF‐TREATMENT FDG‐PET RADIOMICS IN PATIENTS WITH PERIPHERAL T‐CELL LYMPHOMA: DATA FROM INTERNATIONAL PROSPECTIVE T‐CELL PROJECT 2.0

2025-06-01
Tetiana Skrypets , Stéphane Chauvie , Federico Fallanca +7 more | Hematological Oncology

BV‐CHP FOLLOWED BY AUTOLOGOUS STEM‐CELL TRANSPLANTATION IN NEWLY DIAGNOSED ENTEROPATHY‐ASSOCIATED T‐CELL LYMPHOMA: FINAL RESULTS OF THE EATL‐001 PHASE 2 STUDY

2025-06-01
David Sibon , Shérine Khater , Julie Bruneau +7 more | Hematological Oncology

Donor lymphocyte infusion-based therapy for relapsed adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma after HLA-haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

2025-06-01
Shinichi Katsuoka , Hidehiro Itonaga , Miki Hashimoto +7 more | Transplant Immunology

Concomitant Splenic Tuberculosis and Epstein-Barr Virus-Related T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma in a 28-Year-Old Pregnant Woman in South Sudan.

2025-04-15
Hannah Wild , Joseph Aumuller , Joseph Kuei +6 more
This case report presents a rare instance of concomitant splenic tuberculosis (TB), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-related T-cell leukemia/lymphoma, and malaria in a 28-year-old pregnant woman at a MĂ©decins Sans FrontiĂšres-supported hospital 
 This case report presents a rare instance of concomitant splenic tuberculosis (TB), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-related T-cell leukemia/lymphoma, and malaria in a 28-year-old pregnant woman at a MĂ©decins Sans FrontiĂšres-supported hospital in South Sudan. The patient was admitted with splenomegaly, anorexia, weakness, and transfusion-refractory anemia. She tested positive for malaria and was treated appropriately. Because of ongoing consumptive anemia, cachexia, and weakness severely impacting her quality of life, the patient underwent splenectomy. A diagnosis of TB was ultimately confirmed post-splenectomy through histopathological analysis and molecular testing. Gross findings from the pathologic analysis of a splenic sample revealed miliary deposits, necrotizing granulomas, and atypical lymphocytic infiltrates consistent with TB and EBV-associated leukemia/lymphoma. Despite temporary improvement post-operatively and the initiation of TB therapy, the patient discontinued treatment and was lost to follow-up, likely resulting in mortality. This report presents an unusual combination of concomitant pathologies that underscore the diagnostic challenges and complexity of managing overlapping infectious and hematological disorders in resource-limited settings.