Health Professions › General Health Professions

Public Health Policies and Education

Works Count: 63628

Wikipedia

Description

This cluster of papers covers a wide range of topics related to public health, health promotion, ethics, and the performance of health systems. It discusses the importance of population health, the role of public health workforce, ethical considerations in public health interventions, and the impact of social determinants on health equity. The cluster also emphasizes the need for policy attention to health promotion and the long-term view required for securing future health.

Keywords

Public Health; Health Promotion; Ethics; Population Health; Policy; Health System Performance; Health Equity; Community Health; Public Health Workforce; Social Determinants of Health

Just health: meeting health needs fairly

2008-04-01

Norman Daniels

Em Just Health Care (1) , Norman Daniels constrói uma coerente teoria sobre justiça na atenção à saúde baseada nos dois princípios de "justiça como equidade" do filósofo político americano … Em Just Health Care (1) , Norman Daniels constrói uma coerente teoria sobre justiça na atenção à saúde baseada nos dois princípios de "justiça como equidade" do filósofo político americano John Rawls.Na condição de características fundamentais do igualitarismo liberal, esses dois princípios são o princípio da liberdade -que requer que todos os indivíduos tenham o direito às mesmas liberdades básicas, tais como participação política e liberdade de expressão -e o princípio da diferença -o qual declara que desigualdades sociais e econômicas são permitidas somente à medida em que promovam o bem-estar dos menos favorecidos, e que eles promovam a justa igualdade de oportunidade de acordo com princípios igualitários (2) .Um quarto de século mais tarde, em Just Health: Meeting Health Needs Fairly (3) , Daniels expande as fundações éticas estabelecidas em Just Health Care para suplementar o limitado escopo dos princípios de justiça com a proposta de um sistema de procedimento justo.Daniels substitui o que ele chamou de "Questão Fundamental" -o que devemos ao outro em saúde como uma questão de justiça -por três "Questões Focais" com o intuito de trazer soluções concretas ao problema da justiça distributiva em saúde e ajudar a identificar quais questões continuam não resolvidas sem um processo justo.Essas questões perguntam: (1) A saúde (e consequentemente o cuidado à saúde) possui uma especial importância moral?; (2) Quando as desigualdades em saúde são injustas?; (3) Como podemos satisfazer as necessidades em saúde de uma maneira justa dada a escassez de recursos?

View PDF Chat

Community organizing and community building for health

1997-12-01

Meredith Minkler

As public health problems such as HIV/AIDS, substance abuse, violence, and environmental toxins increase in the US, grassroots public health work has become all the more important. This updated and … As public health problems such as HIV/AIDS, substance abuse, violence, and environmental toxins increase in the US, grassroots public health work has become all the more important. This updated and revised edition provides insights into the systems of inequality in the United States, such as race, class, and gender, that impact health.

CDC National Health Report: leading causes of morbidity and mortality and associated behavioral risk and protective factors--United States, 2005-2013.

2014-10-31

Nicole Blair Johnson , Locola D. Hayes , Kathryn Brown +2 more

Although substantial progress has been made in improving the health of persons in the United States, serious problems remain to be solved. Life expectancy is increasing, and the rates of … Although substantial progress has been made in improving the health of persons in the United States, serious problems remain to be solved. Life expectancy is increasing, and the rates of the leading causes of death are improving in many cases; however, numerous indicators (i.e., measures of observed or calculated data on the status of a condition) of the health and safety of the U.S. population remain poor. This report reviews population health in the United States and provides an assessment of recent progress in meeting high-priority health objectives. The health status indicators described in this report were selected because of their direct relation to the leading causes of death and other substantial sources of morbidity and mortality and should be the focus of prevention efforts.Data are reported starting in 2005 (or the earliest available year since 2005) through the current data year. Because data sources and specific indicators vary regarding when data are available, the most recent year for which data are available might range from 2010 to 2013.Data were obtained from 17 CDC surveys or surveillance systems and three non-CDC sources to provide a view of this particular point of time in the nation's health and trends in recent years. Data from the following CDC surveillance systems and surveys were used: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS); Emerging Infections Program/Active Bacterial Core surveillance (EIP/ABCs); Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet); Internet Panel Surveys: Influenza Vaccination Coverage Among Health-Care Personnel and Influenza Vaccination Coverage Among Pregnant Women; National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NAMCS); National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES); National Health Interview Survey (NHIS); National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN); National HIV Surveillance System; National Hospital Discharge Survey (NHDS); National Immunization Survey (NIS); National Immunization Survey-Teen (NIS-Teen); National Notifiable Disease Surveillance System (NNDSS); Nationally Notifiable STD Surveillance; National Vital Statistics System (NVSS); and Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS). Three non-CDC sources were used: the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau Monthly Statistical Releases; the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS); and the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration's National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH).Since 2005, life expectancy at birth in the U.S. has increased by 1 year; however, the number of persons who died prematurely was relatively constant. The years of potential life lost declined for eight of the 10 leading causes of death. Age-adjusted rates declined among all leading causes except deaths attributable to Alzheimer's disease and suicide, although the numbers of deaths increased for most causes. Heart disease, stroke, and deaths attributed to motor-vehicle injuries demonstrated notable declines since 2005. Numbers and rates increased for both Alzheimer's disease and suicide. The number of deaths from drug poisoning increased by approximately 11,000, and the number of deaths among older adults caused by falls increased by approximately 7,000. Risk and protective factors for these leading causes of death also showed mixed progress. Current smoking among adults remained stable at approximately 25% while smoking among youths declined to a record low of 15.7%. Obesity rates remained level at approximately 35% for adults and approximately 17% for youths. Approximately 21% of adults met recommended levels of physical activity, consistent with results recorded in the 3 previous years. Control of blood pressure and cholesterol increased to 46.3% and 29.5%, respectively. During the 2012-13 influenza season, vaccination rates reached highs of 72.0% for health-care personnel, 56.6% for children aged <17 years, 50.5% for pregnant women, and 41.5% for persons aged >18 years. Other important measures of the health of the U.S. population also varied. Rates of foodborne illness varied from year to year, with average annual increases for Salmonella and Salmonella serotype Enteritidis. Listeria rates were stable in recent years at 0.26 cases per 100,000 population. Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) O157 increased during the past 3 years to a rate of 1.15 cases per 100,000 population, even though the annual change for the study period noted an average decline overall. Health-care-associated infections declined, on average, for central-line associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI), surgical site infections (SSI), and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection. The percentage of persons living with HIV who know their serostatus increased to 84.2%, but trends fluctuated for the number of new HIV infections and the rate of HIV transmission among adolescents and adults. Chlamydia rates increased by an average of 3.3% per year for persons aged 15-19 years and by 4.9% per year for women aged 20-24 years. The number of new cases of hepatitis C and hepatitis C-associated deaths increased by an average of 6.4% and 6.0% per year. Indictors of maternal and child health all improved, including historically low rates of infant mortality (6.1 per 1,000 live births) and teen births (26.6 per 1,000 female population). The percentage of infants breastfed at 6 months increased to 49.4%. Among children aged 19-35 months, 70.4% received the set of universally recommended vaccines, an increase of 2.9% from the previous year.The findings in this report indicate that progress has been steady but slow for many of the priority health issues in the United States. The age-adjusted rates for most of the leading causes of death are declining, but in some cases, the number of deaths is increasing, in part reflecting the growing U.S. population. Several protective factors that have registered substantial average increases (e.g., physical activity among adults, high blood pressure control, and human papillomavirus vaccination among adolescent females) have stalled in recent years. Many protective factors, even those with impressive relative gains, still represent only a minority of the U.S. population (e.g., control of high cholesterol at 29.5%). More data are needed to properly interpret fluctuating trends, such as those observed with the number of HIV infections and HIV transmission rates. Finally, some indicators of disease that appear to be increasing, such as chlamydia and hepatitis C, reflect increased efforts to engage in targeted screening but also suggest that the actual burden of infection is much greater than the reported data alone indicate.Although not all-inclusive, this compilation highlights important health concerns, points to areas in which important success has been achieved, and highlights areas in which more effort is needed. By tracking progress, public health officials, program managers, and decision makers can better identify areas for improvement and institute policies and programs to improve health and the quality of life.

Urban sprawl and public health: designing, planning, and building for healthy communities

2005-01-01

Howard Frumkin , Lawrence D. Frank , Richard Jackson

In Urban Sprawl and Public Health, three of the nation's leading public health and urban planning experts explore an intriguing question: How does the physical environment in which we live … In Urban Sprawl and Public Health, three of the nation's leading public health and urban planning experts explore an intriguing question: How does the physical environment in which we live affect our health? For decades, growth and development in our communities has been of the low-density, automobile-dependent type known as sprawl. The authors examine the direct and indirect impacts of sprawl on human health and well-being, and discuss the prospects for improving public health through alternative approaches to design, land use, and transportation. Urban Sprawl and Public Health offers a comprehensive look at the interface of urban planning, architecture, transportation, community design, and public health. It summarizes the evidence linking adverse health outcomes with sprawling development, and outlines the complex challenges of developing policy that promotes and protects public health. Anyone concerned with issues of public health, urban planning, transportation, architecture, or the environment will want to read this book.

Healthy People 2020

2011-11-01

Roberta B. Aungst

The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services launched Healthy People 2020 in December 2010, announcing the new 10-year goals and objectives for health promotion and disease prevention. Healthy People … The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services launched Healthy People 2020 in December 2010, announcing the new 10-year goals and objectives for health promotion and disease prevention. Healthy People is designed to improve the quality of the nation’s health and provide a framework for public health prevention priorities and actions. A newly redesigned website ( http://www.healthypeople.gov ) allows users to tailor information to individual or community needs and to explore evidence-based resources. A major principle states that national objectives and monitoring progress are critical factors in motivating action. An extensive feedback process was initiated by the Department of Health and Human Services to develop comprehensive objectives; previous topic areas were carried forward, and new areas were identified. Chief Technology Officer Todd Park stated, “This milestone in disease prevention and health promotion creates an opportunity to leverage information technology to make Healthy People come alive for all Americans in their communities and workplaces” (U. S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2011). Healthy People 2020 includes initiatives to hearing and communication disorders which are considered important to the overall well being of the population.

Uncertainty and environmental learning 1, 2Reconceiving science and policy in the preventive paradigm

1992-06-01

Brian Wynne

Research Methods in Health

2000-04-01

Ivan Nyklíček

And the Band Played on: Politics, People, and the AIDS Epidemic

1988-04-01

J Zurlinden , Randy Shilts

Why was AIDS allowed to spread unchecked during the early 1980s while our most trusted institutions ignored or denied the threat? In this expose of one of the most important … Why was AIDS allowed to spread unchecked during the early 1980s while our most trusted institutions ignored or denied the threat? In this expose of one of the most important issues of our time, the author answers this question - revealing how the federal government put its budgetary concerns ahead of the nation's welfare, how health authorities placed political expediency before public health, and how some scientists valued national prestige more than saving lives.

Generalizability of Epidemiological Findings and Public Health Decisions: An Illustration From the Rochester Epidemiology Project

2012-02-01

Jennifer L. St. Sauver , Brandon R. Grossardt , Cynthia L. Leibson +3 more

View PDF Chat

Research Methods in Health – Investigating Health and Health Services

2010-02-01

C. Johnman

Uses of ecologic analysis in epidemiologic research.

1982-12-01

Hal Morgenstern

Despite the widespread use of ecologic analysis in epidemiologic research and health planning, little attention has been given by health scientists and practitioners to the methodological aspects of this approach. … Despite the widespread use of ecologic analysis in epidemiologic research and health planning, little attention has been given by health scientists and practitioners to the methodological aspects of this approach. This paper reviews the major types of ecologic study designs, the analytic methods appropriate for each, the limitations of ecologic data for making causal inferences and what can be done to minimize these problems, and the relative advantages of ecologic analysis. Numerous examples are provided to illustrate the important principles and methods. A careful distinction is made between ecologic studies that generate or test etiologic hypotheses and those that evaluate the impact of intervention programs or policies (given adequate knowledge of disease etiology). Failure to recognize this difference in the conduct of ecologic studies can lead to results that are not very informative or that are misinterpreted by others.

View PDF Chat

Knowledge, Power, and Practice: The Anthropology of Medicine and Everyday Life.

1994-06-01

Susan Greenhalgh , Shirley Lindenbaum , Margaret Lock

These original essays, which combine theoretical argument with empirical observation, constitute a state-of-the-art platform for future research in medical anthropology. Ranging in time and locale, the essays are based on … These original essays, which combine theoretical argument with empirical observation, constitute a state-of-the-art platform for future research in medical anthropology. Ranging in time and locale, the essays are based on research in historical and cultural settings. The contributors accept the notion that all knowledge is socially and culturally constructed and examine the contexts in which that knowledge is produced and practiced in medicine, psychiatry, epidemiology, and anthropology. Professionals in behavioral medicine, public health, and epidemiology as well as medical anthropologists will find their insights significant.

To Err is Human: Building a Safer Health System

2001-01-01

William R. Hendee

An Ethics Framework for Public Health

2001-11-01

Nancy E. Kass

More than 100 years ago, public health began as an organized discipline, its purpose being to improve the health of populations rather than of individuals. Given its population-based focus, however, … More than 100 years ago, public health began as an organized discipline, its purpose being to improve the health of populations rather than of individuals. Given its population-based focus, however, public health perennially faces dilemmas concerning the appropriate extent of its reach and whether its activities infringe on individual liberties in ethically troublesome ways. In this article a framework for ethics analysis of public health programs is proposed. To advance traditional public health goals while maximizing individual liberties and furthering social justice, public health interventions should reduce morbidity or mortality; data must substantiate that a program (or the series of programs of which a program is a part) will reduce morbidity or mortality; burdens of the program must be identified and minimized; the program must be implemented fairly and must, at times, minimize preexisting social injustices; and fair procedures must be used to determine which burdens are acceptable to a community.

Emerging Infections: Microbial Threats to Health in the United States

1993-07-21

Alfred M. Prince

Aware that infectious diseases, contrary to popular conception, still constitute the leading cause of death worldwide, the Institute of Medicine convened a 19-member multidisciplinary committee to conduct an 18-month study … Aware that infectious diseases, contrary to popular conception, still constitute the leading cause of death worldwide, the Institute of Medicine convened a 19-member multidisciplinary committee to conduct an 18-month study of emerging microbial threats to health. This committee was charged with identifying emerging infectious diseases and recommending steps for their control in the future. The results of their deliberations and those of four task forces convened by the committee are presented in this important volume. "Would the current acquired immunodeficiency syndrome epidemic have been better controlled if an effective global infectious disease surveillance system had been in place in the 1960s?" Although the details sometimes make heavy going, the executive summary provides a cogent and concise rundown that should be essential reading for public health professionals and, most important, for political figures responsible for the funding of public health activities. The factors favoring emergence of new infectious disease threats are

Qualitative Methods in Public Health: A Field Guide for Applied Research

2005-07-01

Priscilla R. Ulin , Elizabeth Robinson , Elizabeth E. Tolley

Qualitative Methods in Public Health: A Field Guide for Applied Research Authors: Priscilla R. Ulin, Elizabeth T. Robinson, Elizabeth E. Tolley Bibliographic Data: (ISBN: 0-7879-7634-2, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., … Qualitative Methods in Public Health: A Field Guide for Applied Research Authors: Priscilla R. Ulin, Elizabeth T. Robinson, Elizabeth E. Tolley Bibliographic Data: (ISBN: 0-7879-7634-2, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2005, $55.00. Imprint: Jossey-Bass, A Wiley Company) 318 pages, soft cover. Subjects: Public Health, Biostatistics, Research. DESCRIPTION: In this book on qualitative research, the authors include eight chapters that stretch from an invitation to join the field to plans for dissemination of findings. Major chapters also speak to study design, collecting qualitative data, logistical concerns and data analysis and reporting techniques. The short list of chapters is buttressed by more than 14 appendixes that can help even a beginning researcher understand important issues (oral consent forms, focus group guidelines, and appraisal skills, among others). PURPOSE: The authors state that the purpose is to make the methods of qualitative science more accessible to researchers and practitioners challenged by problems that affect the public's health. There is perhaps an important statement made by Dean Alan Steckler in the foreword that “qualitative methods fill a gap in the public health toolbox, (helping) to understand underlying behaviors, attitudes, perceptions and culture.” My reading of this book is that its purpose includes an implied recommendation for the utility of qualitative research methods. AUDIENCE: Given the resurgence in popularity of narrative medicine and associated qualitative research techniques, this book may find a broad readership. While its core audience may consist of qualitative method researchers, particularly those in the reproduction and infectious disease fields, I believe it merits a broader audience. It is important to note the title indicates Qualitative Methods in Public Health as opposed to a narrower categorization. FEATURES: In addition to its eight chapters, the book includes 14 useful appendixes that provide critical items such as samples of conceptual frameworks, examples of consent forms, and sample budgets. These are indispensable items! Although materials such as the Critical Appraisal Skill checklist in Appendix 9 are copyrighted, they can save time and expense. ASSESSMENT: The authors have been generous in citing everything from general textbooks, all the way through data management sources, and even extending to list-serve recommendations. Thus, I see this book as an important reference. The book is generous in permitting note taking along its two-inch outer margins. I particularly admire the authors' decision to include an example of qualitative-quantitative research design. Both the authors and contributors are distinguished on a global scale. SCORE: Weighted Numerical Score: 96. Reviewed by:J. Thomas Pierce, MB.BS, PhD (Navy Environmental Health Center)FIGURE. No caption available.

Assessing predictions of violence: Being accurate about accuracy.

1994-01-01

Douglas Mossman

The prediction of violence occupies a prominent and controversial place in public mental health practice. Productive debate about the validity of violence predictions has been hampered by the use of … The prediction of violence occupies a prominent and controversial place in public mental health practice. Productive debate about the validity of violence predictions has been hampered by the use of methods for quantifying accuracy that do not control for base rates or biases in favor of certain outcomes. This article describes these problems and shows how receiver-operating characteristic analysis can be used to solve them. The article also reanalyzes 58 data sets from 44 published studies of violence prediction. Taken together, these data strongly suggest that mental health professionals' violence predictions are substantially more accurate than chance. Short-term (1-7 day) clinical predictions seem no more accurate than long-term (> 1 year) predictions. Past behavior alone appears to be a better long-term predictor of future behavior than clinical judgments and may also be a better indicator than cross-validated actuarial techniques.

The Untilled Fields of Public Health

1920-01-09

C.‐E. A. Winslow

1,1101MetricsTotal Downloads1,110Last 6 Months117Last 12 Months313Total Citations1Last 6 Months0Last 12 Months0View all metrics 1,1101MetricsTotal Downloads1,110Last 6 Months117Last 12 Months313Total Citations1Last 6 Months0Last 12 Months0View all metrics

System Dynamics Modeling for Public Health: Background and Opportunities

2006-02-01

Jack Homer , Gary Hirsch

The systems modeling methodology of system dynamics is well suited to address the dynamic complexity that characterizes many public health issues. The system dynamics approach involves the development of computer … The systems modeling methodology of system dynamics is well suited to address the dynamic complexity that characterizes many public health issues. The system dynamics approach involves the development of computer simulation models that portray processes of accumulation and feedback and that may be tested systematically to find effective policies for overcoming policy resistance. System dynamics modeling of chronic disease prevention should seek to incorporate all the basic elements of a modern ecological approach, including disease outcomes, health and risk behaviors, environmental factors, and health-related resources and delivery systems. System dynamics shows promise as a means of modeling multiple interacting diseases and risks, the interaction of delivery systems and diseased populations, and matters of national and state policy.

Public health program capacity for sustainability: a new framework

2013-02-01

Sarah Schell , Douglas A. Luke , Michael Schooley +4 more

Abstract Background Public health programs can only deliver benefits if they are able to sustain activities over time. There is a broad literature on program sustainability in public health, but … Abstract Background Public health programs can only deliver benefits if they are able to sustain activities over time. There is a broad literature on program sustainability in public health, but it is fragmented and there is a lack of consensus on core constructs. The purpose of this paper is to present a new conceptual framework for program sustainability in public health. Methods This developmental study uses a comprehensive literature review, input from an expert panel, and the results of concept-mapping to identify the core domains of a conceptual framework for public health program capacity for sustainability. The concept-mapping process included three types of participants (scientists, funders, and practitioners) from several public health areas ( e . g ., tobacco control, heart disease and stroke, physical activity and nutrition, and injury prevention). Results The literature review identified 85 relevant studies focusing on program sustainability in public health. Most of the papers described empirical studies of prevention-oriented programs aimed at the community level. The concept-mapping process identified nine core domains that affect a program’s capacity for sustainability: Political Support, Funding Stability, Partnerships, Organizational Capacity, Program Evaluation, Program Adaptation, Communications, Public Health Impacts, and Strategic Planning. Concept-mapping participants further identified 93 items across these domains that have strong face validity—89% of the individual items composing the framework had specific support in the sustainability literature. Conclusions The sustainability framework presented here suggests that a number of selected factors may be related to a program’s ability to sustain its activities and benefits over time. These factors have been discussed in the literature, but this framework synthesizes and combines the factors and suggests how they may be interrelated with one another. The framework presents domains for public health decision makers to consider when developing and implementing prevention and intervention programs. The sustainability framework will be useful for public health decision makers, program managers, program evaluators, and dissemination and implementation researchers.

View PDF Chat

Public Health Asks of Systems Science: To Advance Our Evidence-Based Practice, Can You Help Us Get More Practice-Based Evidence?

2006-02-01

Lawrence W. Green

Public health asks of systems science, as it did of sociology 40 years ago, that it help us unravel the complexity of causal forces in our varied populations and the … Public health asks of systems science, as it did of sociology 40 years ago, that it help us unravel the complexity of causal forces in our varied populations and the ecologically layered community and societal circumstances of public health practice. We seek a more evidence-based public health practice, but too much of our evidence comes from artificially controlled research that does not fit the realities of practice. What can we learn from our experience with sociology in the past that might guide us in drawing effectively on systems science?

Health information systems: the foundations of public health.

2005-08-01

Carla AbouZahr , Ties Boerma

Public health decision-making is critically dependent on the timely availability of sound data. The role of health information systems is to generate, analyse and disseminate such data. In practice, health … Public health decision-making is critically dependent on the timely availability of sound data. The role of health information systems is to generate, analyse and disseminate such data. In practice, health information systems rarely function systematically. The products of historical, social and economic forces, they are complex, fragmented and unresponsive to needs. International donors in health are largely responsible for the problem, having prioritized urgent needs for data over longer-term country capacity-building. The result is painfully apparent in the inability of most countries to generate the data needed to monitor progress towards the Millennium Development Goals. Solutions to the problem must be comprehensive; money alone is likely to be insufficient unless accompanied by sustained support to country systems development coupled with greater donor accountability and allocation of responsibilities. The Health Metrics Network, a global collaboration in the making, is intended to help bring such solutions to the countries most in need.

Public Health Ethics: Mapping the Terrain

2002-01-01

James F. Childress , Ruth Faden , Ruth D. Gaare +7 more

Public health ethics, like the field of public health it addresses, traditionally has focused more on practice and particular cases than on theory, with the result that some concepts, methods, … Public health ethics, like the field of public health it addresses, traditionally has focused more on practice and particular cases than on theory, with the result that some concepts, methods, and boundaries remain largely undefined. This paper attempts to provide a rough conceptual map of the terrain of public health ethics. We begin by briefly defining public health and identifying general features of the field that are particularly relevant for a discussion of public health ethics. Public health is primarily concerned with the health of the entire population, rather than the health of individuals. Its features include an emphasis on the promotion of health and the prevention of disease and disability; the collection and use of epidemiological data, population surveillance, and other forms of empirical quantitative assessment; a recognition of the multidimensional nature of the determinants of health; and a focus on the complex interactions of many factors—biological, behavioral, social, and environmental—in developing effective interventions.

Historical Origins of the Health Belief Model

1974-12-01

Irwin M. Rosenstock

DESCRIPCIÓN: Este trabajo establece la efectividad de una intervención motivacional breve para procesos de cambio frente al consumo de marihuana en jóvenes colombianos.El programa de prevención selectiva fue implementado mediante … DESCRIPCIÓN: Este trabajo establece la efectividad de una intervención motivacional breve para procesos de cambio frente al consumo de marihuana en jóvenes colombianos.El programa de prevención selectiva fue implementado mediante la estrategia de taller y los parámetros del modelo transteórico.La intervención motivacional breve afectó los procesos de cambio asociados al consumo de marihuana, siendo efectiva para la muestra

View PDF Chat

Medical Power and Social Knowledge.

1990-06-01

William Ray Arney , Bryan S. Turner

PART ONE: INTRODUCTION Medical Sociology Religion and Medicine From Sin to Sickness PART TWO: CONCEPTS OF DISEASE AND SICKNESS On Being Sick Madness and Psychiatry - Colin Samson Women's Complaints … PART ONE: INTRODUCTION Medical Sociology Religion and Medicine From Sin to Sickness PART TWO: CONCEPTS OF DISEASE AND SICKNESS On Being Sick Madness and Psychiatry - Colin Samson Women's Complaints Patriarchy and Illness Aging, Dying and Death PART THREE: SOCIAL ORGANIZATION OF MEDICAL POWER Professions, Knowledge and Power Medical Bureaucracies The Hospital, the Clinic and Modern Society Capitalism, Class and Illness Comparative Health Systems The Globalization of Medical Power PART FOUR: CONCLUSION The Regulation of Bodies Risk Society and the New Regime of Disease The Expanding Field of the Sociology of the Body

Health as a meaningful social practice

2006-09-14

Robert Crawford

The pursuit of health has become a highly valued activity in modern and contemporary life, commanding enormous resources and generating an expansive professionalization and commercialization along with attendant goods, services … The pursuit of health has become a highly valued activity in modern and contemporary life, commanding enormous resources and generating an expansive professionalization and commercialization along with attendant goods, services and knowledge. Health has also become a focal, signifying practice. As a 'key word', health is constructed in relation to social structures and experience and systematically articulated with other meanings and practices. Although the cogency of health as a practical concept is largely a product of the enormous influence of modern medicine, medical conceptions have never been able to contain the irrepressible proliferation of meanings associated with health. The meaningful - and ideological - practices of health can be illustrated by comparing three periods in American culture: (1) the late 19th and early 20th century; (2) the 1970s and 1980s; and (3) the first years of the 21st century.

Producing health, consuming health care

1990-01-01

Robert G. Evans , G Stoddart

Public health: ethical issues.

2008-07-15

Ishani Kar-Purkayastha

An Operational Classification of Disease Prevention

1987-01-01

Robert Gordon

Accountable Health Communities — Addressing Social Needs through Medicare and Medicaid

2016-01-05

Dawn E. Alley , Chisara N. Asomugha , Patrick H. Conway +1 more

To accelerate the development of a scalable delivery model for addressing upstream determinants of health, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services recently announced a 5-year, $157 million test of … To accelerate the development of a scalable delivery model for addressing upstream determinants of health, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services recently announced a 5-year, $157 million test of a payment model called Accountable Health Communities.

A brief introduction to…

2011-11-01

Anna Zilnyk

The Royal Society for Public Health (RSPH) offers a training programme accreditation service, which has been developed over a period of nearly twenty years. The focus of this service is … The Royal Society for Public Health (RSPH) offers a training programme accreditation service, which has been developed over a period of nearly twenty years. The focus of this service is to support RSPH's charitable objectives in encouraging best practice in public health, hygiene and wellbeing education. The RSPH Accreditation Service offers organizations an independent evaluation of their training programmes, verifying that they meet their learning objectives, have high standards of training design and support the strategic objectives of the organization. Training programmes we are asked to review, from NHS trusts, social enterprises and voluntary organizations, have a variety of purposes. Some are concerned with staff and workforce development, often providing continuous professional development and training relating to new initiatives and guidelines. Some training programmes provided by charities may be for either professionals or members of the public, raising awareness of particular health issues. The RSPH accreditation service is also available to corporate organizations who train their staff in-house, using training programmes tailored to meet specific business requirements. In some areas, such as the food sector, having competent well trained staff is a legal requirement. Part of the assessment for accreditation includes a review of the content of the programmes against National Occupational Standards, demonstrating to enforcement authorities that staff have undertaken training programmes which meet relevant standards. The accreditation service is also strengthening the business's Corporate Social Responsibility agenda in supporting staff development using quality assured training programmes. Applicants to the scheme have often commented that even making the application for RSPH accreditation has helped them to develop their training programme; for example it challenges whether sufficient thought has been given to the needs of the trainee group, whether the tutors are adequately supported to deliver consistent training, asks how the success of the training programme is going to be judged and the role of the training programme in the organization's overall training strategy. In an increasing complex public health environment, and at a time when training resources are stretched, the RSPH's accreditation service provides the continuity of a valuable reassurance of the quality of training programmes. Case Study: Mental Health First Aid - training programme While most people are aware of common physical health problems, there is a lack of understanding about mental health problems which leads to stigma and prejudice, discouraging those affected from seeking help. People who witness signs of distress in others can be uncertain of how to respond. 'Mental Health First Aid' (MHFA) was developed to provide the non-expert with knowledge of the signs and symptoms of a range of mental health problems and the confidence to intervene and guide the distressed person to sources of professional help. Training courses are suitable for a range of different business and service sectors - for example, training has been provided to staff at John Lewis, strategic outsourcing company MITIE, the police, prison officers and GPs. Mental health first aiders gain confidence and learn a systematic process for recognising the signs and symptoms of mental illness and supporting anyone that may be distressed. They are then able to support their work colleagues, members of the pubic and service users. Excellent training for MHFA instructors is essential to the success of this much needed work and RSPH has accredited the seven day Train the Instructor programme provided by the Mental Health First Aid Community Interest Company. This involved an assessment of all aspects of the programme, from training strategy, objectives and content to an observation of training delivery. …

Health Politics, Interests and Institutions in Western Europe

1995-01-01

Victor G. Rodwin , Ellen M. Immergut

COVID-19 exacerbating inequalities in the US

2020-04-01

Aaron van Dorn , Rebecca Cooney , Miriam Lewis Sabin

COVID-19 does not affect everyone equally. In the US, it is exposing inequities in the health system. Aaron van Dorn, Rebecca E Cooney, and Miriam L Sabin report from New … COVID-19 does not affect everyone equally. In the US, it is exposing inequities in the health system. Aaron van Dorn, Rebecca E Cooney, and Miriam L Sabin report from New York. In the US, New York City has so far borne the brunt of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, with the highest reported number of cases and the highest death toll in the country. The first COVID-19 case in the city was reported on March 1, but community transmission was firmly established on March 7. As of April 14, New York State has tested nearly half a million people, among whom 195 031 have tested positive. In New York City alone, 106 763 people have tested positive and 7349 have died. “New York is the canary in the coal mine. What happens to New York is going to wind up happening to California, and Washington State and Illinois. It's just a matter of time”, said New York Governor Andrew Cuomo, while asking for greater federal assistance. The response within New York City, known for its historically strong public health responses, has been to ramp up for the surge, but also to tailor the approach to address some of the most basic touchpoints that could worsen health outcomes, including providing three meals a day to all New York residents in need. Oxiris Barbot, commissioner of the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene stated, “Our primary focus at this moment has to be on keeping our city's communities safe. This means supporting the public hospitals with supplies; connecting underserved people to free access to care; and delivering health guidance through the trusted voices of community organizations. The COVID-19 pandemic will come to an end eventually, but what is needed afterward is a renewed focus to ensure that health is not a byproduct of privilege. Public health has a fundamental role to play in shaping our future to be more just and equitable.” Confirming existing disparities, within New York City and other urban centres, African American and other communities of colour have been especially affected by the COVID-10 pandemic. Across the country, deaths due to COVID-19 are disproportionately high among African Americans compared with the population overall. In Milwaukee, WI, three quarters of all COVID-19 related deaths are African American, and in St Louis, MO, all but three people who have died as a result of COVID-19 were African American. According to Sharrelle Barber of Drexel University Dornsife School of Public Health (Philadelphia, PA, USA), the pre-existing racial and health inequalities already present in US society are being exacerbated by the pandemic. “Black communities, Latino communities, immigrant communities, Native American communities—we're going to bear the disproportionate brunt of the reckless actions of a government that did not take the proper precautions to mitigate the spread of this disease”, Barber said. “And that's going to be overlaid on top of the existing racial inequalities.” Part of the disproportionate impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on communities of colour has been structural factors that prevent those communities from practicing social distancing. Minority populations in the US disproportionally make up “essential workers” such as retail grocery workers, public transit employees, and health-care workers and custodial staff. “These front-line workers, disproportionately black and brown, then are typically a part of residentially segregated communities”, said Barber. “They don't have that privilege of quote unquote ‘staying at home’, connecting those individuals to the communities they are likely to be a part of because of this legacy of residential segregation, or structural racism in our major cities and most cities in the United States.” The negative consequences of health disparities for people who live in rural areas in the US were already a problem before the pandemic. Underserved African Americans face higher HIV incidence and greater maternal and infant mortality rates. Undocumented Latino communities working in rural industries such as farming, poultry, and meat production often have no health insurance. Poor white communities have been badly hit by the opioid crisis and across rural areas, especially in the southern states, high rates of non-communicable diseases are driven by conditions such as obesity. With higher COVID-19 mortality among those with underlying health conditions, these areas could be hit hard. 14 US states (mostly in the south and the Plains) have refused to accept the Affordable Care Act Medicaid expansion, leaving millions of the poorest and sickest Americans without access to health care, with the added effect of leaving many regional and local hospitals across the US closed or in danger of closing because of the high cost of medical care and a high proportion of rural uninsured and underinsured people. People with COVID-19 in those states will have poor access to the kind of emergency and intensive care they will need. Native American populations also have disproportionately higher levels of underlying conditions, such as heart disease and diabetes, that would make them particularly at risk of complications from COVID-19. Health care for Native American communities has a unique place in the US. As part of treaty obligations owed by the US government to tribal groups, the Indian Health Service (IHS) provides direct point of care health care for the 2·6 million Native Americans living on tribal reservations. According to the IHS, there are currently 985 confirmed cases of COVID-19 on tribal reservations, and 536 cases in the Navajo Nation alone (the largest reservation). However, the IHS's ability to respond to the crisis might be limited: according to according to Kevin Allis, Chief Executive Officer of the National Congress of American Indians, the largest Native American advocacy organisation, the IHS has only 1257 hospital beds and 36 intensive care units, and many people covered by the IHS are hours away from the nearest IHS facility. The IHS also does not cover care from external providers. Although there is a provision of the CARES Act stimulus bill that is intended to cover those costs, it is unclear how effective it would be if someone covered by the IHS is transferred to a non-IHS facility. The CARES Act also included US$8 billion to supplement the health and economies of Native Americans and Alaska Natives. Even that number was an increase from what President Donald Trump's administration originally wanted. “We knew the White House wanted to give us nothing”, Allis said. “And senate Republicans were okay with a billion and it fine-tuned its way to $8 billion.” But the deep history of injustice by the US government towards these people means that the US response will be looked on with suspicion. At the national level, the response has varied widely by state, with many states that voted for Trump in 2016—notably Florida, Texas, and Georgia—responding to the emerging pandemic later and with more lax measures. Florida Governor Ron DeSantis, a Republican Trump ally, was slow to implement social-distancing measures and close non-essential businesses, and Georgia Governor Brian Kemp ordered beaches closed by local authorities to be reopened on April 3. However, the trend has not been universal: in Ohio, Republican Governor Mike DeWine was swift in issuing orders to shut non-essential businesses and in responding to the crisis. The federal response has also been overtly political. States with governors that Trump sees as political allies (such as Florida), have received the full measure of requested personal protective equipment from the federal stockpile, while states with governors whom Trump identifies as political enemies (such as New York's Cuomo, Oregon's Jay Inslee, and Michigan's Gretchen Whitmer, all Democrats) have received only a fraction of their requests. Trump has also publicly attacked the responses of those governors on Twitter and during his daily briefings. In distributing funds made available by the CARES Act, Trump also appears to be playing favourites: New York received only a fraction of the $30 billion hospital relief funds from the bill ($12 000 per patient), while other states much more lightly affected received more ($300 000 per patient in Montana and Nebraska, and more than $470 000 per patient in West Virginia, all states that voted for Trump in 2016). Although the numbers of reported cases seem to be levelling off in New York City and other urban areas, perhaps evidence that social-distancing measures are beginning to have an effect, emerging morbidity and mortality data have already clearly demonstrated what many have feared: a pandemic in which the brunt of the effects fall on already vulnerable US populations, and in which the deeply rooted social, racial, and economic health disparities in the country have been laid bare.

View PDF Chat

The role of public health improvements in health advances: The twentieth-century United States

2005-02-01

David Cutler , Grant Miller

Ten Great Public Health Achievements—United States, 1900-1999

1999-04-28

Statistical Methods for Research Workers

1926-01-01

Social Conditions As Fundamental Causes of Disease

1995-01-01

Bruce G. Link , Jo C. Phelan

View PDF Chat

The Canadian Journal of Public Health in 2010

2010-01-01

Gilles Paradis

View PDF Chat

American journal of public health

1993-06-01

CAUSES

1976-12-01

Kenneth J. Rothman

Journal Article CAUSES Get access KENNETH J. ROTHMAN KENNETH J. ROTHMAN Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115 Search for other works by this … Journal Article CAUSES Get access KENNETH J. ROTHMAN KENNETH J. ROTHMAN Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar American Journal of Epidemiology, Volume 104, Issue 6, December 1976, Pages 587–592, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112335 Published: 01 December 1976

Canadian journal of public health

1949-05-01

Frontiers in public health

1944-10-01

Nicolas Vignier , Sohela Moussaoui , Antoine Marsaudon +3 more

HUMAN SEXUAL INADEQUACY

1971-01-01

William H. Masters , Virginia E. Johnson

Who will keep the public healthy?: educating public health professionals for the 21st century

2004-01-01

Kristine M. Gebbie , Linda Rosenstock , Hernandez Lm

Bioterrorism, drug--resistant disease, transmission of disease by global travel ...therea (TM)s no shortage of challenges facing Americaa (TM)s public health officials. Men and women preparing to enter the field require … Bioterrorism, drug--resistant disease, transmission of disease by global travel ...therea (TM)s no shortage of challenges facing Americaa (TM)s public health officials. Men and women preparing to enter the field require state-of-the-art training to meet these increasing threats to the public health. But are the programs they rely on provide the high caliber professional training they require? Who Will Keep the Public Healthy? provides an overview of the past, present, and future of public health education, assessing its readiness to provide the training and education needed to prepare men and women to face 21st century challenges. Advocating an ecological approach to public health, the Institute of Medicine examines the role of public health schools and degree--granting programs, medical schools, nursing schools, and government agencies, as well as other institutions that foster public health education and leadership. Specific recommendations address the content of public health education, qualifications for faculty, availability of supervised practice, opportunities for cross--disciplinary research and education, cooperation with government agencies, and government funding for education. Eight areas of critical importance to public health education in the 21st century are examined in depth: informatics, genomics, communication, cultural competence, community-based participatory research, global health, policy and law, and public health ethics. The book also includes a discussion of the policy implications of its ecological framework.

Public Health

2025-06-25

Rachel Horton | Bristol University Press eBooks

Take A Guided Tour of the Allied Health Field

2025-06-24

T. E. Jewell | Katina :

Translating knowledge to practice: application of the public health apprenticeship

2025-06-23

Mary Elizabeth Pendergrass , Angela L. Carman | Frontiers in Public Health

As public health challenges continue to grow and deepen in complexity, public health workforce roles are becoming increasingly difficult to fill. As a result, the public health educational system must … As public health challenges continue to grow and deepen in complexity, public health workforce roles are becoming increasingly difficult to fill. As a result, the public health educational system must adapt to address these dynamic workforce needs. Health-related professions commonly utilize experiential learning models such as post-graduate programs, practicums or applied practice experiences, apprenticeship, and mentorship. However, there is a gap in practice-based, post-master’s programs to develop these skills for Master of Public Health graduates. Accordingly, this paper proposes the public health apprenticeship, guided by the Cognitive Apprenticeship Theory, as a solution to fill this gap. A real-world application of the public health apprenticeship is described, and development of public health competencies are measured to evaluate the effectiveness of the public health apprenticeship model.

Public Health

2025-06-22

| Bristol University Press eBooks

Housing as a Determinant of Health

2025-06-19

Carolyn B. Swope | Public Health

Health and safety

2025-06-18

Timothy Ambrose , Crispin Paine | Routledge eBooks

A 10-Year Summary of Health Fair Data from Lakota, Powwows, and Red Shawl Events in the Rural Midwest

2025-06-17

Trina Aguirre | Obesities

Objectives—Health screening data were collected from participants at Native American community and celebratory events to evaluate their health status and identify common health concerns. These results will form the basis … Objectives—Health screening data were collected from participants at Native American community and celebratory events to evaluate their health status and identify common health concerns. These results will form the basis for developing community-based health care interventions to address health inequalities. Design—A descriptive, observational design was used to gather data in line with STROBE guidelines. Results—The screening data revealed that this population was largely obese, had low bone mass, and were in various states of dehydration. These characteristics can lead to major health risks and morbidities including diabetes, hypertension, cancer, hormone and neurotransmitter imbalances, bone fractures, and psychological disorders such as depression and anxiety. Conclusions—Professional and community efforts are essential to meet the health care needs of this population and avoid the repercussions of obesity, low bone mass, and dehydration. By incorporating collaborative input from the Native American community, we intend to develop partnerships for goals of promoting effective, culturally appropriate interventions to meet these health inequalities and promote good health and well-being.

Acknowledgment of Members of Health Promotion Practice ’s Review Panel

2025-06-17

| Health Promotion Practice

Acknowledgment of Members of Health Promotion Practice ’s Review Panel

2025-06-17

| Health Promotion Practice

Acknowledgment of Members of Health Promotion Practice ’s Review Panel

2025-06-17

| Health Promotion Practice

Avenue Healthcare: Holistic Care in Integrating diabetes and hypertension management

2025-06-17

Esther Ajowi , Sabira Mohammed , Alfred Mwalimu | Strathmore University Africa case centre.

Health-promoting environments must address institutional harm

2025-06-16

Meghan C Chisholm | Canadian Medical Education Journal

Leadership tasks in public health: findings from the National Board of Public Health Examiners’ job task analysis

2025-06-16

Cerina Dubois , Anthony Dissen , Michael Bowen +3 more | Frontiers in Public Health

Introduction Public health leadership plays a crucial role in shaping effective health policies and practices. The National Board of Public Health Examiners (NBPHE) conducts a job task analysis (JTA) survey … Introduction Public health leadership plays a crucial role in shaping effective health policies and practices. The National Board of Public Health Examiners (NBPHE) conducts a job task analysis (JTA) survey every 5–7 years to update the Certified in Public Health (CPH) examination. The objective of this study is to examine the JTA findings on leadership tasks in public health practice. Methods In April 2022, through the collaboration of expert panels and a validation survey, 103 tasks organized into ten domains were established for the JTA survey. The JTA survey was distributed online to current public health professionals. Across the tasks in the ten domains, respondents were asked about frequency (Scale of 1–6; how often they performed this task) and criticality (Scale of 1–5; how important this task was to their job). Results A total of 2,091 public health professionals responded to at least 82 of the 103 tasks (80%) and were included in the analysis. Approximately 86% of respondents worked in the United States and 41% had earned their CPH credential. Average frequency ratings ranged from 2.38 to 5.58, indicating that task ratings ranged from being performed never performed, every few years to daily. Average criticality ratings ranged from 2.46 to 4.64, indicating that task ratings ranged from not important to critically important. Specific to leadership, it was found that the ‘leadership’ domain ranked 2 nd highest for both frequency and criticality. Conclusion Our findings suggest that leadership-focused development as part of academic public health programs and continuing education for the workforce is essential. Future research may examine how individuals perform on the leadership domain of the CPH exam across multiple characteristics to better inform additional workforce development strategies.

Recalibrating Anti-Stigma: Avoiding Binary Thinking and ‘Destigmatisation Drift’ in Public Health

2025-06-15

Oli Williams , Amy Chandler , Gareth Thomas +1 more | Bristol University Press eBooks

Medicare Home Health Social Workers’ Views on New OASIS Questions on Housing, Food, Utilities, and Transportation

2025-06-14

William Cabin | Home Health Care Management & Practice

In its 2025 final payment rule for Medicare Home Health published November 7, 2024, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services added 5 questions to the outcome and Assessment Information … In its 2025 final payment rule for Medicare Home Health published November 7, 2024, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services added 5 questions to the outcome and Assessment Information Set (OASIS) needing to be addressed: 4 new (i.e., 1 on living situation; 2 on food insecurity; 1 on utilities) and 1 that revised transportation. The rule states that the changes are responsive to issues in the social determinants of health category and take effect with the calendar year 2027 Home Health Quality Reporting Program. A literature review indicates no studies on the potential impact of these OASIS revisions on Medicare home health social work services, the service for social needs. This article summarizes an initial, exploratory study to address the literature gap, based on interviews of 31 Medicare home health social workers between January 6, 2025, and February 9, 2025, in the New York City metropolitan area. Three themes emerged, including: social workers believe the new requirements (1) are overdue, needed, and provide the potential to increase services to deal with many unmet social needs; (2) Medicare continues to neglect the expansion of social work coverage and payment to home health agencies for supplemental social needs necessary to make the new requirements effective for Medicare home health patients; and (3) Medicare still does not mandate that any Social Determinants of Health need detected through the new OASIS requirements must receive follow-up care with appropriate, covered interventions and the OASIS questions do not affect scoring for episode payment.

Mitigating a Public Health Crisis

2025-06-13

Pauline Marsh , Theresa Scott , Jonathan Kingsley | CRC Press eBooks

1064-P: Projected Health Care Resource Utilization (HCRU) Benefits of Adopting Control-IQ Technology in a U.S. Health Plan Population

2025-06-13

Su‐Fen Cheng , Sharon M. Wang , Ambarish Ambegaonkar +1 more | Diabetes

Introduction and Objective: Suboptimal glycemic control in persons with type 1 diabetes (PwT1D) increases the risk of costly complications. Control-IQ technology (CIQ) improves metabolic control and has been shown to … Introduction and Objective: Suboptimal glycemic control in persons with type 1 diabetes (PwT1D) increases the risk of costly complications. Control-IQ technology (CIQ) improves metabolic control and has been shown to reduce HCRU. The objective of this study is to estimate 1-year impact of adopting CIQ for PwT1D. Methods: This model compared 5,500 PwT1D on multiple daily injections (MDI) versus incremental adoption of CIQ by 20%, 25%, and 30% over 1 year for a health plan with 1M lives across Commercial, Medicare, and Medicaid lines of business (LOB). T1D-related serious events requiring hospitalizations (i.e., MI, stroke, ulcer, CHF, and neuropathy) were modeled using published incidence rates and payer-specific length of stay (LOS) data. Results: For 25% CIQ adoption (1,375 PwT1D), event rates decreased by 5% for MI (0.61 to 0.58), 5% for stroke (0.11 to 0.11), 4% for ulcer (0.14 to 0.14), 6% for CHF (0.13 to 0.12), and 11% for neuropathy (14.23 to 12.66). This corresponded to a LOS reduction of 5%, 3%, 4%, 6% and 11%, respectively (Table 1). Results consistently showed greater HCRU reductions with higher CIQ uptake across all LOB and adoption rates. Conclusion: Adoption of CIQ is projected to provide meaningful reductions in diabetes-related hospitalization events in a U.S. health plan. Higher adoption rates result in greater reductions in clinical events and LOS. Disclosure S. Cheng: Consultant; Tandem Diabetes Care, Inc. S.M. Wang: Employee; Tandem Diabetes Care, Inc. Stock/Shareholder; Tandem Diabetes Care, Inc. A.J. Ambegaonkar: Consultant; Tandem Diabetes Care, Inc, Pfizer Inc, AstraZeneca, Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Abbott Diagnostics, Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Otsuka America Pharmaceutical, Inc, Sanofi, Merck & Co., Inc. B.V. Patel: Employee; Tandem Diabetes Care, Inc. Stock/Shareholder; Tandem Diabetes Care, Inc.

Abu Dhabi Public Health Workforce Development: Learning Points From the Comparison of Six Countries

2025-06-12

Tahani Al Qadiri , Marília Silva Paulo , Mohamud Sheek‐Hussein +3 more | Public health reviews

Objectives This study aimed to review the healthcare systems and the educational public health (PH) the workforce structures in six countries: the United Arab Emirates (UAE), the United States of … Objectives This study aimed to review the healthcare systems and the educational public health (PH) the workforce structures in six countries: the United Arab Emirates (UAE), the United States of America (USA), the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), the United Kingdom (UK), Canada, and Singapore. Methods This review was developed by searching databases from the World Health Organization and the World Bank, official data from each country’s respective ministries of health and National Bureaus of Statistics, the European Public Health Association, and studies conducted by educational institutions. Results The USA, the UK, and the KSA showed an insufficient concentration of PH specialists and educational opportunities. In contrast, Singapore and Canada incentivized citizens to pursue PH education, resulting in more PH physicians and specialists. The UAE (Abu Dhabi) was found to remain in its early stages of development. Conclusion To strengthen and advance the public health workforce in the UAE (Abu Dhabi) and the countries described, the concept needs to be defined and integrated fully into the entire health system, from academia to the transversal structures of the Ministries of Health.

What Is Health Care For? Proposing a Purpose That Connects and Transforms

2025-06-12

Zachary Schulman , Peter J. Pronovost | American Journal of Medical Quality

Campus Health Is Community Health

2025-06-12

Richard Mack , Jason Marmon , A. Speedy | About Campus Enriching the Student Learning Experience

Sustainability of the Growth of the Local Public Health Workforce During the COVID-19 Pandemic, 2019–2022

2025-06-12

Krishna Patel , Timothy C. McCall , Margaret C. Cunningham +3 more | American Journal of Public Health

Objectives. To explore whether and how the local health department (LHD) workforce shifted during the COVID-19 pandemic given the large influx of supplemental funding to public health. Methods. We used … Objectives. To explore whether and how the local health department (LHD) workforce shifted during the COVID-19 pandemic given the large influx of supplemental funding to public health. Methods. We used data from the National Association of County and City Health Officials National Profile of Local Health Departments, the main source of comprehensive data collected from LHDs across the United States. Total numbers of employees, total numbers of full-time equivalents (FTEs), and employee types (full time, part time, contractual, and seasonal) were used to estimate the total LHD workforce in 2022, changes in the LHD workforce from 2019 to 2022, and changes in the LHD workforce from 2019 to 2022 by employee type. Results. In 2022, the estimated LHD workforce consisted of 182 100 employees or 163 200 FTEs. Between 2019 and 2022, there was a 19% increase in the total LHD workforce, but the size of the workforce varied according to jurisdiction size and rurality. The largest increase was among contract workers (175%), whereas the full-time workforce grew by approximately 7%, indicating that the permanent workforce was predominantly unchanged. Conclusions. With the surge in temporary and contract workers in 2022, there are concerns regarding the sustainability of the LHD workforce. Without continued strategic and sustained funding across jurisdiction types, the workforce may be in jeopardy. ( Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print June 12, 2025:e1–e7. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2025.308096 )

Applying Public Health to Correctional Practices—Saving Communities

2025-06-12

Lior Gideon | Routledge eBooks

Health protection

2025-06-12

Vivian Lin , James G. Smith , Sally Fawkes | Routledge eBooks

The historical development of public health

2025-06-12

Vivian Lin , James Perrin Smith , Sally Fawkes | Routledge eBooks

Legislative authority for public health action

2025-06-12

Vivian Lin , James Smith , Sally Fawkes | Routledge eBooks

What is public health?

2025-06-12

Vivian Lin , James Smith , Sally Fawkes | Routledge eBooks

Public health interventions

2025-06-12

Vivian Lin , James Smith , Sally Fawkes | Routledge eBooks

Public health governance

2025-06-12

Vivian Lin , James Smith , Sally Fawkes | Routledge eBooks

Research Practice Partnership Model for Non-Western Education Settings: A Case Study from Rural India

2025-06-10

Akshay Kedari , Sameer Honwad , Devayani Tirthali +3 more | Proceedings.

The Myth of Normal: Illness, Health, and Healing a Toxic Culture

2025-06-10

Sevket AKYİLDİZ | Kültür Araştırmaları Dergisi

We live in a modern world surrounded by technological achievements and medical progress. However, chronic physical disease prevails, as do mental health and addiction problems. How can researchers analyse and … We live in a modern world surrounded by technological achievements and medical progress. However, chronic physical disease prevails, as do mental health and addiction problems. How can researchers analyse and better understand this situation? How can society reduce and heal these ailments? It is something that Gabor Mate’s The Myth of Normal: Illness, Health and Healing in A Toxic Culture (2022) investigates, asking questions about modern society and disease and showing how they are interrelated. His argument is a broad and deep cultural criticism that addresses culture, stress, trauma, health, and unmet developmental needs.

The roles of the federal government in public health and public health crises

2025-06-09

Sudit Ranade | Healthcare Management Forum

This article outlines the key functions and practices of government in addressing a public health crisis. Governments are responsible for planning and coordinating, resourcing and responding, and revising and evaluating. … This article outlines the key functions and practices of government in addressing a public health crisis. Governments are responsible for planning and coordinating, resourcing and responding, and revising and evaluating. These three core functions are supported by cross-cutting practices in governance, accountability, and communication. Health leaders are advised to ensure that their organizational emergency plans intersect with those of government, and that they have processes to work with public health, government, and other partners to support robust responses to health crises.

[Reflections and proposals from the feminine to the feminist: I Conference on Leadership in Public Health, ARES-MPSP].

2025-06-06

Ele Dimitrova , Alberto Martínez , Eduardo García +2 more | PubMed

The First Conference on Women's Leadership in Public Health organized by the Association of Residents in Preventive Medicine and Public Health (ARES MPSP) was presented as a space for reflection … The First Conference on Women's Leadership in Public Health organized by the Association of Residents in Preventive Medicine and Public Health (ARES MPSP) was presented as a space for reflection and learning about the transformative role of feminist leadership in the healthcare field. Through presentations, debates, and collaborative activities, the importance of integrating a feminist perspective was highlighted, one that not only promotes gender equality but also addresses the power dynamics that perpetuate structural inequalities. Intersectionality was highlighted as a key approach to analyze and respond to the multiple forms of discrimination faced by historically underrepresented groups such as women and gender-diverse individuals, recognizing that inclusive leadership must be aware of these realities. The event also allowed for questioning the differences between female and feminist leadership, emphasizing the need to reclaim feminism as a tool for social transformation. These sessions called for strengthening intergenerational alliances and networks, as well as fostering transformative leadership capable of inspiring and mobilizing people towards a more equitable and just Public Health. The active participation of the speakers and attendees was fundamental in consolidating this space as a driving force for change and a reference for future initiatives in the Public Health sector.

Public health suffers when those in power dismiss knowledge

2025-06-05

Stephan Lewandowsky | Science

“Knowledge is power”—or at least it was when Sir Francis Bacon coined this phrase in the 16th century. In today’s world, we frequently encounter a different variant of this philosophy, … “Knowledge is power”—or at least it was when Sir Francis Bacon coined this phrase in the 16th century. In today’s world, we frequently encounter a different variant of this philosophy, perhaps best described as “power dismisses knowledge.” We need look no further than the recent US measles outbreak to see how this modern framework wreaks havoc when applied to public health.

Combining community-based system dynamics and design thinking to inform public health intervention: a case study optimizing community-clinical linkage design in Brooklyn, NY

2025-06-04

K Toney , Ellis Ballard , Jordi Duch +5 more | Frontiers in Public Health

The underlying drivers and outcomes of social determinants of health are dynamically complex, making it difficult to design effective responses. This complexity has inspired a growing number of calls to … The underlying drivers and outcomes of social determinants of health are dynamically complex, making it difficult to design effective responses. This complexity has inspired a growing number of calls to move beyond mechanistic thinking and use systems science to engage directly with complexity and highlight opportunities for methodological innovation to enhance translation of insight into real world action. This case study describes a methodological innovation combining community-based system dynamics and design thinking to understand multi-level complexity of a public health challenge: optimizing the design of a community-clinical linkage in Brooklyn, New York. In-depth description of the case illustrates methods integration and resulting insights and recommendations. Results from the case demonstrate that integrating methods generates insight at multiple levels, including connecting holistic system understanding to individual experiences of system structure and operationalizing and translating insights into action. Combining community-based system dynamics and design thinking holds value for intervention planning, strategic implementation, and sustaining change.

Strengthening ARIE: Integrating Complexity and Ethics for Equitable Health Outcomes

2025-06-03

Y. Tony Yang | The American Journal of Bioethics