Materials Science › Polymers and Plastics

Textile materials and evaluations

Works Count: 114901

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Description

This cluster of papers focuses on the science of clothing comfort and textile properties, including moisture management, thermal properties, wicking mechanisms, and the influence of fiber properties on fabric comfort. It also explores the application of artificial intelligence in fabric testing and the engineering of knitted fabrics for improved heat transfer.

Keywords

Moisture Management; Thermal Properties; Fabric Comfort; Textile Engineering; Wicking Mechanisms; Fiber Properties; Artificial Intelligence; Knitted Fabrics; Heat Transfer; Fabric Testing

Handbook of Fiber Chemistry

2006-11-15

Menachem Lewin

Polyester Fibers M. Jaffe and A.J. East Polyamide Fibers H.H. Yang Polypropylene Fibers M.F. Zhu and H.H. Yang Vinyl Fibers I. Sakurada and T. Okaya Wool and Related Mammalian Fibers … Polyester Fibers M. Jaffe and A.J. East Polyamide Fibers H.H. Yang Polypropylene Fibers M.F. Zhu and H.H. Yang Vinyl Fibers I. Sakurada and T. Okaya Wool and Related Mammalian Fibers L.N. Jones, D.E. Rivett, and D.J. Tucker Silk A. Matsumoto, H.J. Kim, I.Y. Tsai, X. Wang, Peggy Cebe, and D.L. Kaplan Jute and Kenaf R.M. Rowell and H.P. Stout Other Long Vegetable Fibers: Abaca, Banana, Sisal, Henequen, Flax, Ramie, Hemp, Sunn, and Coir S.K. Batra Cotton Fibers P.J. Wakelyn, N.R. Bertoniere, A.D. French, D.P. Thibodeaux, B.A. Triplett, M.A. Rousselle, W.R. Goynes, J. V. Edwards, L. Hunter, D.D. McAlister, and G.R. Gamble Regenerated Cellulose Fibers R. Kotek Cellulose Acetate and Triacetate Fibers H.L. LaNieve Acrylic Fibers B.G. Frushour and R.S. Knorr Aramide Fibers V. Gabara, J.D. Hartzler, K.S. Lee, D.J. Rodini, and H.H. Yang Index

Introduction to Texture Analysis

2000-08-07

Valerie Randlè , Olaf Engler

Encompassing the concepts, practice, and application of orientation analysis, Introduction to Texture Analysis is an essential reference source for reserachers in textiles. The author uses an accessible style to share … Encompassing the concepts, practice, and application of orientation analysis, Introduction to Texture Analysis is an essential reference source for reserachers in textiles. The author uses an accessible style to share her expertise, providing comprehensive coverage of the theory and practice of the texture techniques now available and discusses the

STUDIES ON BODY COMPOSITION

1945-05-01

Nello Pace , Edith N. Rathbun

Physical properties of textile fibres

2008-01-01

W. E. Morton , J. W. S. Hearle

Introduction to fibre structure Testing and sampling Fibre fineness and transverse dimensions Fibre length Fibre density Thermal properties Equilibrium absorption of water Heats of sorption Rate of absorption of moisture … Introduction to fibre structure Testing and sampling Fibre fineness and transverse dimensions Fibre length Fibre density Thermal properties Equilibrium absorption of water Heats of sorption Rate of absorption of moisture The retention of liquid water Swelling Theories of moisture sorption Tensile properties The effects of variability Elastic recovery Rheology Directional effects Thermo-mechanical responses Fibre breakage and fatigue Theories of mechanical properties Dielectric properties Electrical resistance Static electricity Optical properties Fibre friction.

HANDBOOK OF INDUSTRIAL DRYING

1988-09-01

Carl W. Hall

Microstructural design of fiber composites

1992-12-01

Tsu‐Wei Chou

The optimum performance design of composite microstructures is discussed. The forces driving progress in fiber composites are examined, and recent developments in the mechanics of laminated composites are surveyed, emphasizing … The optimum performance design of composite microstructures is discussed. The forces driving progress in fiber composites are examined, and recent developments in the mechanics of laminated composites are surveyed, emphasizing thick laminates, hygrothermal effects, and thermal transient effects. The strength of continuous-fiber composites is discussed, presenting analyses of local load redistribution due to fiber breakages and treatments of statistical tensile strength theories. Modes of failure of laminated composites are examined. Elastic, physical, and viscoelastic properties as well as the strength and fracture behavior of short-fiber composites are studied, and it is shown how the performance of composites can be controlled by selecting material systems and their geometric distributions. 2D textile structural composites based on woven, knitted, and braided preforms are considered, and techniques for analyzing and modeling the thermomechanical behavior of 2D textile composites are presented. Recent developments in the processing of 3D textile preforms are introduced and the processing-microstructure relationship is demonstrated. Finite elastic deformation of flexible composites is addressed.

Skinfolds and body density and their relation to body fatness: a review.

1981-05-01

Lohman Tg

A single threshold value of waist girth identifies normal-weight and overweight subjects with excess visceral adipose tissue

1996-11-01

Simone Lemieux , Daniel Prud’homme , Claude Bouchard +2 more

An Analysis of the System Effects in Woven Fabrics under Ballistic Impact

1992-09-01

Philip Cunniff

Following a brief review of prior work on fabric-based armor systems, the system effects that occur during the ballistic impact of woven fabric body armor materials are discussed from a … Following a brief review of prior work on fabric-based armor systems, the system effects that occur during the ballistic impact of woven fabric body armor materials are discussed from a conceptual framework developed to relate single yarn impact mechanics to fabric impact mechanics. The consequence of assembling yarns into single-ply fabric structures is discussed from this perspective. A steep strain gradient along yarns in the region of the transverse deflection of the fabric is related to the constraint imposed on them by neighboring yarns. Striking and residual velocity data, collected for single-ply fabric systems of Spectra®, Kevlar® 29, and nylon with various different yarn deniers and weave types, are used to establish the response of spaced armor systems. The system effects of assembling fabric plies into body armor systems are determined by comparing the response of spaced armor systems to actual multiple-ply systems. There is a pronounced decrease in energy absorption capacity for the Spectra and nylon systems; this deleterious effect is ascribed to increased transverse stresses and possible interference of the deflection characteristics of fabric plies by subsequent plies.

Fabric and Mineral Analysis of Soils

1965-07-01

R. E. Brewer

Fabric and mineral analysis of soils , Fabric and mineral analysis of soils , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی Fabric and mineral analysis of soils , Fabric and mineral analysis of soils , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی

3—THE FINITE-DEFORMATION THEORY OF PLAIN-WEAVE FABRICS PART I: THE BIAXIAL-DEFORMATION THEORY

1973-01-01

Sueo Kawabata , Masako Niwa , H. Kawai

Theories of the biaxial tensile properties, the uniaxial tensile properties, and the shear-deformation properties of plain-weave fabrics are presented in a general form, a simplified stereo-model of the structure of … Theories of the biaxial tensile properties, the uniaxial tensile properties, and the shear-deformation properties of plain-weave fabrics are presented in a general form, a simplified stereo-model of the structure of plain-weave fabrics being used throughout these theories. In the first part of this series, the biaxial tensile-deformation theory is presented with the aid of the model, and the forces required to stretch the fabric along the warp and weft directions at the same time are theoretically calculated from the properties of yarns and from the structure of the fabrics. In this biaxial theory, both warp and weft yarns are assumed to be perfectly flexible, and the forces caused by yarn-bending are ignored. The compressibility of the yarn under the action of a lateral compressive force is also introduced into the theory, and it is shown that the compressive properties of yarns have a great influence on the tensile properties of the fabrics.

Consolidation Experiments for Laminate Composites

1987-07-01

Timothy G. Gutowski , Zhongya Cai , Sebastian Bauer +3 more

Consolidation experiments conducted on special prepregs made of constant viscosity oils and aligned graphite fibers are reported. Measurements of the deformation behavior of the fibers in the "drained" state (oil … Consolidation experiments conducted on special prepregs made of constant viscosity oils and aligned graphite fibers are reported. Measurements of the deformation behavior of the fibers in the "drained" state (oil impregnated, but zero pressure in the oil) reveal that, to a first approximation, the fiber network can be modelled as a nonlinear elastic network, and a model based on bending beam behavior is shown to accurately fit the data. Further more, a finite load (> 3 psi) is required to compress the fibers to volume fractions equal to, and above the range of about 0.56 to 0.61. Sample to sample variation, and in a few cases inelastic effects are also noted. Measurements of the permeability of the fiber bundle indicate a strong anisotropy as well as a strong fiber volume fraction dependence. It is shown that the Carman-Kozeny equation gives a good approximation to the axial direction permeability with k xx = 0.7. Compared to this, the transverse permeability is smaller by a factor of 25 or more. Furthermore, the transverse permeability depends upon fiber mo bility. Experiments comparing the measured and predicted values of the "resin" pressure during simulated compression molding show reasonable agreement. Similar experiments for simulated bleeder ply molding show that the theory tends to overpredict the rate of decay of the "resin" pressure if the Carman-Kozeny equation is used. This difference is probably due to a slight fiber rearrangement which unloads the fibers and causes a "log jam" effect. The incorporation of a modified Carman-Kozeny equation which allows S zz → 0 for V f < 1 yields an excellent fit to the data. The implications of the results are discussed.

Age-related mechanical properties of human skin: An in vivo study

1989-09-01

Catherine Escoffier , Jean de Rigal , A. Rochefort +3 more

The water vapor sorption behavior of natural fibers

2009-02-05

Callum A. S. Hill , Andrew Norton , Gary Newman

Abstract The water vapor sorption behavior of a range of natural fibers (jute, flax, coir, cotton, hemp, Sitka spruce) has been studied. The data were analyzed using the Hailwood Horrobin … Abstract The water vapor sorption behavior of a range of natural fibers (jute, flax, coir, cotton, hemp, Sitka spruce) has been studied. The data were analyzed using the Hailwood Horrobin model for isotherm fitting and determination of monolayer moisture content. The Hailwood Horrobin model was found to provide good fits to the experimental data. The extent of hysteresis exhibited between the adsorption and desorption isotherms was dependent on fiber type studied and was larger with high lignin compared with low lignin content fibers. The area bounded by the hysteresis loop decreased as the isotherms were performed at progressively higher temperatures. This behavior is consistent with sorption interactions occurring with a glassy solid below the glass transition temperature. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009

Selective Localization of Carbon Black in Immiscible Polymer Blends: A Useful Tool To Design Electrical Conductive Composites

1994-03-01

F. Gubbels , R. Jerome , Ph. Teyssié +5 more

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSelective Localization of Carbon Black in Immiscible Polymer Blends: A Useful Tool To Design Electrical Conductive CompositesF. Gubbels, R. Jerome, Ph. Teyssie, E. Vanlathem, R. Deltour, A. … ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSelective Localization of Carbon Black in Immiscible Polymer Blends: A Useful Tool To Design Electrical Conductive CompositesF. Gubbels, R. Jerome, Ph. Teyssie, E. Vanlathem, R. Deltour, A. Calderone, V. Parente, and J. L. BredasCite this: Macromolecules 1994, 27, 7, 1972–1974Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00085a049https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00085a049research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views5636Altmetric-Citations374LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts

Characterization of cotton fabric scouring by FT-IR ATR spectroscopy

2004-09-10

Chinkap Chung , M. H. Lee , Eun Kyung Choe

On the tear resistance of skin

2015-03-27

Wen Yang , Vincent Sherman , Bernd Gludovatz +4 more

Abstract Tear resistance is of vital importance in the various functions of skin, especially protection from predatorial attack. Here, we mechanistically quantify the extreme tear resistance of skin and identify … Abstract Tear resistance is of vital importance in the various functions of skin, especially protection from predatorial attack. Here, we mechanistically quantify the extreme tear resistance of skin and identify the underlying structural features, which lead to its sophisticated failure mechanisms. We explain why it is virtually impossible to propagate a tear in rabbit skin, chosen as a model material for the dermis of vertebrates. We express the deformation in terms of four mechanisms of collagen fibril activity in skin under tensile loading that virtually eliminate the possibility of tearing in pre-notched samples: fibril straightening, fibril reorientation towards the tensile direction, elastic stretching and interfibrillar sliding, all of which contribute to the redistribution of the stresses at the notch tip.

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A Proposed Standard Procedure for Static Muscle Strength Testing

1974-04-01

Lee S. Caldwell , Don B. Chaffin , Francis N. Dukes‐Dobos +4 more

(1974). A Proposed Standard Procedure for Static Muscle Strength Testing. American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal: Vol. 35, No. 4, pp. 201-206. (1974). A Proposed Standard Procedure for Static Muscle Strength Testing. American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal: Vol. 35, No. 4, pp. 201-206.

Mechanical properties and Young's modulus of human skin in vivo

1980-12-01

P Agache , C. Monneur , Jean‐Luc Lévêque +1 more

Elastic properties of human skin: relation to age, sex, and anatomical region

1990-08-01

A. B. , Klaus‐Peter Wilhelm , Howard I. Maibach

THE SCIENCE OF CLOTHING COMFORT

2001-03-01

Y. Li

Evaluation of biomechanical properties of human skin

1995-07-01

Christopher R.W. Edwards , R. Marks

In vivo measurements of the elastic mechanical properties of human skin by indentation tests

2007-09-17

C. Pailler-Mattéi , Sandrine Bec , H. Zahouani

Review of applications for advanced three-dimensional fibre textile composites

1999-12-01

Adrian P. Mouritz , Michael Bannister , Paul Falzon +1 more

Room temperature polyesterification

1990-01-01

Jeffrey S. Moore , Samuel I. Stupp

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRoom temperature polyesterificationJeffrey S. Moore and Samuel I. StuppCite this: Macromolecules 1990, 23, 1, 65–70Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January … ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRoom temperature polyesterificationJeffrey S. Moore and Samuel I. StuppCite this: Macromolecules 1990, 23, 1, 65–70Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00203a013https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00203a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views7806Altmetric-Citations486LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts

Stiffness and strength behaviour of woven fabric composites

1982-11-01

Takashi Ishikawa , Tsu-Wei Chou

Predicting the drape of woven cloth using interacting particles

1994-01-01

David E. Breen , Donald H. House , Michael J. Wozny

We demonstrate a physically-based technique for predicting the drape of a wide variety of woven fabrics. The approach exploits a theoretical model that explicitly represents the microstructure of woven cloth … We demonstrate a physically-based technique for predicting the drape of a wide variety of woven fabrics. The approach exploits a theoretical model that explicitly represents the microstructure of woven cloth with interacting particles, rather than utilizing a continuum approximation. By testing a cloth sample in a Kawabata fabric testing device, we obtain data that is used to tune the model's energy functions, so that it reproduces the draping behavior of the original material. Photographs, comparing the drape of actual cloth with visualizations of simulation results, show that we are able to reliably model the unique large-scale draping characteristics of distinctly different fabric types.

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The Assessment of Sultriness. Part I: A Temperature-Humidity Index Based on Human Physiology and Clothing Science

1979-07-01

Robert G. Steadman

Abstract Using as bases the amount of clothing needed to achieve thermal comfort and the reduction in the skin's resistance needed to obtain thermal equilibrium, the relative sultriness of warm-humid … Abstract Using as bases the amount of clothing needed to achieve thermal comfort and the reduction in the skin's resistance needed to obtain thermal equilibrium, the relative sultriness of warm-humid and hot-arid summer climates is assessed. Conditions of equal sultriness are referred to a vapor pressure of 1.6 kPa in order to prepare a table of apparent temperature corresponding to summer temperatures and humidities.

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30,000-Year-Old Wild Flax Fibers

2009-09-10

Eliso Kvavadze , Ofer Bar‐Yosef , Anna Belfer‐Cohen +4 more

A unique finding of wild flax fibers from a series of Upper Paleolithic layers at Dzudzuana Cave, located in the foothills of the Caucasus, Georgia, indicates that prehistoric hunter-gatherers were … A unique finding of wild flax fibers from a series of Upper Paleolithic layers at Dzudzuana Cave, located in the foothills of the Caucasus, Georgia, indicates that prehistoric hunter-gatherers were making cords for hafting stone tools, weaving baskets, or sewing garments. Radiocarbon dates demonstrate that the cave was inhabited intermittently during several periods dated to 32 to 26 thousand years before the present (kyr B.P.), 23 to 19 kyr B.P., and 13 to 11 kyr B.P. Spun, dyed, and knotted flax fibers are common. Apparently, climatic fluctuations recorded in the cave's deposits did not affect the growth of the plants because a certain level of humidity was sustained.

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Stab resistance of shear thickening fluid (STF)-treated fabrics

2006-10-03

Michael J. Decker , C. J. Halbach , Cihan Nam +2 more

Characterization of mechanical behavior of woven fabrics: Experimental methods and benchmark results

2008-03-21

Jian Cao , Remko Akkerman , Philippe Boisse +7 more

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Separation of particle size and lattice strain in integral breadth measurements

1966-02-01

N. C. Halder , C. N. J. Wagner

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Thermal Properties of Food and Agricultural Materials

2020-11-12

N. N. Mohsenin

This book discusses the methods for determination of data on thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity, unit surface conductance or the heat transfer coefficient of foods and agricultural materials. It includes the … This book discusses the methods for determination of data on thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity, unit surface conductance or the heat transfer coefficient of foods and agricultural materials. It includes the applications of thermal properties in relation to cooling and thermal expansion.

An Approximate Distribution of Estimates of Variance Components

1946-12-01

F. E. Satterthwaite

A Re-Examination of the Relative Turgidity Technique for Estimating Water Deficits in Leaves

1962-01-01

HD Barrs , PE Weatherley

The relative turgidity technique consists in comparing the initial and turgid water contents, on a percentage basis, of disks punched from leaves, the turgid water content being obtained by floating … The relative turgidity technique consists in comparing the initial and turgid water contents, on a percentage basis, of disks punched from leaves, the turgid water content being obtained by floating the disks on water.

Die Kapillarkurve der höheren Fettsäuren und die Zustandsgleichung der Oberflächenschicht

1925-05-01

A Frumkin

Shear thickening fluids in protective applications: A review

2017-07-19

Selim Gürgen , Melih Cemal Kuşhan , Weihua Li

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Skin mechanical properties and modeling: A review

2018-03-05

Hamed Joodaki , Matthew B. Panzer

The mechanical properties of the skin are important for various applications. Numerous tests have been conducted to characterize the mechanical behavior of this tissue, and this article presents a review … The mechanical properties of the skin are important for various applications. Numerous tests have been conducted to characterize the mechanical behavior of this tissue, and this article presents a review on different experimental methods used. A discussion on the general mechanical behavior of the skin, including nonlinearity, viscoelasticity, anisotropy, loading history dependency, failure properties, and aging effects, is presented. Finally, commonly used constitutive models for simulating the mechanical response of skin are discussed in the context of representing the empirically observed behavior.

Astronautics and aeronautics

1965-10-01

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Handbook of Technical Textiles

2000-12-19

A R Horrocks , S C Anand

Processes: Technical Textiles Market-An Overview. Technical Fibres. Technical Yarns. Technical Fabric Structure: Woven Fabrics. Knitted Fabrics. Non-woven Fabrics. Technical Textile Finishing. Coating. Colouration. Areas of Application: Heat and Flame Protection. … Processes: Technical Textiles Market-An Overview. Technical Fibres. Technical Yarns. Technical Fabric Structure: Woven Fabrics. Knitted Fabrics. Non-woven Fabrics. Technical Textile Finishing. Coating. Colouration. Areas of Application: Heat and Flame Protection. Textile-Reinforced Composite Materials. Waterproof/Breathable Fabrics. Textiles in Filtration. Geotextiles/Natural Fibre Geotextiles. Textiles in Medicine. Textiles in Defence. Textiles for Survival. Textiles in Transport. Textiles and the Environment.

Design of an artificial skin. I. Basic design principles

1980-05-01

Ioannis V. Yannas , John F. Burke

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32—X.—Tensile Tests for Cotton Yarns v.—“The Weakest Link” Theorems on the Strength of Long and of Composite Specimens

1926-07-01

Tangents to an Analytic Variety

1965-05-01

Hassler Whitney

The Blood Vessels of the Human Skin and Their Responses

1928-12-01

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Physical Testing of Textiles

1999-03-24

B Saville

Textiles and moisture Fibre dimensions Yarn tests Strength and elongation tests Dimensional stability Serviceability Comfort Colour fastness testing Objective evaluation of fabric handle Quality. Textiles and moisture Fibre dimensions Yarn tests Strength and elongation tests Dimensional stability Serviceability Comfort Colour fastness testing Objective evaluation of fabric handle Quality.

Drying principles and practice

1972-01-01

R. B. Keey

Machine Learning Based Investigation of Relation Between Patient and Glabellar Wrinkle Characteristics

2025-06-25

Çağlar Cengizler , Ayşe Gül KABAKCİ , Dilek Sire Eren +4 more | Harran Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi

Background: The skin around the glabella area is the region most affected by the underlying muscle activity during facial expressions and wrinkling. Although glabellar lines or wrinkles are commonly considered … Background: The skin around the glabella area is the region most affected by the underlying muscle activity during facial expressions and wrinkling. Although glabellar lines or wrinkles are commonly considered a cosmetic concern in the facial region, objective clinical assessment of this condition remains important. This study investi-gated the relationship between various patient characteristics, potentially reflecting lifestyle and physiological factors, and glabellar wrinkle patterns, which were categorized according to distinct muscle contraction types described in the literature. Materials and Methods: Data were collected from a total of 870 patients. One of the study's primary objectives was to explore the potential of using multiple patient-related variables in a machine learning-based prediction system while identifying the most influential characteristics associated with glabellar wrinkles. Multiple super-vised machine learning algorithms were employed to uncover potentially nonlinear associations and identify the most informative predictors, including Naïve Bayes, Random Forest, Logistic Regression, and K-Nearest Neigh-bors. Each model was tested across all possible feature subsets to evaluate their predictive performance. Results: The study aimed to demonstrate that a machine learning-based approach could be functional for the early prediction of glabellar wrinkles. The analysis revealed significant associations between patient characteris-tics, such as age, gender, education, marital status, and occupation, and distinct glabellar wrinkle patterns. Fur-thermore, the machine learning models demonstrated that these characteristics could be used to predict wrin-kle types with considerable performance. In the best scenario, separating the U-type pattern from others, an F1 score of 0.71 was achieved using K-Nearest Neighbors, supporting the potential for early identification and personalized intervention planning. Conclusions: The study confirmed that specific patient characteristics are strongly related to the formation of different glabellar wrinkle types. In addition, machine learning-based predictive systems showed promising performance, indicating their potential use in supporting clinicians with personalized cosmetic assessments and early intervention strategies.

Self-Calibration Method for Microfacet Slope Standard Deviation σ in Leaf BRDF Microfacet Model Fitting

2025-06-24

Bo Peng , Jingping Zhu | Optics Continuum

Skin Tone Parameters as Possible Factors in Humectant Moisturizing Effectiveness

2025-06-24

Harvey N. Mayrovitz , Emily Deehan , Marissa Ruppe +1 more | Cureus

Effect of hybrid yarn configurations on moisture management, permeability, and mechanical performance of polyester–viscose knitted fabrics

2025-06-24

Tuba Bedez Üte , Pınar Çelik , Hüseyin Kadoğlu +2 more | Textile Research Journal

Hybrid yarns are engineered by combining different materials into a single structure to meet the specific performance requirements of the final product. This study examines the influence of hybrid yarn … Hybrid yarns are engineered by combining different materials into a single structure to meet the specific performance requirements of the final product. This study examines the influence of hybrid yarn structures on mechanical, comfort, and drying properties of polyester–viscose knitted fabrics, aiming to enhance viscose-containing fabrics’ pilling and drying performance while improving the handle and comfort of polyester-containing fabrics. Hybrid yarns were produced using core-spun and siro-spun spinning techniques and compared with conventional ring-spun yarns made of 100% polyester and 100% viscose fibers. Some 1 × 1 rib fabrics were knitted and evaluated for mechanical properties, such as bursting strength, elongation, and comfort properties, including moisture management, air permeability, water vapor permeability, and drying time. The results revealed that hybrid yarns improved fabric strength and shortened drying time compared with 100% viscose fabrics. Core-spun yarns with viscose on the outer layer and polyester in the core exhibited better durability and faster drying, combining the benefits of both fibers. These results highlight the potential of hybrid yarns to optimize performance and comfort in textiles, offering tailored solutions for diverse applications.

Dynamic assessment of water vapor resistance in textiles: influence of environmental factors

2025-06-24

Teodor-Cezar Codău , Elena Onofrei , Mariana Ichim | Textile Research Journal

The transfer of water vapor through textiles is a key factor in ensuring comfort and performance in various applications, especially those involving exposure to moisture or sweating, such as military, … The transfer of water vapor through textiles is a key factor in ensuring comfort and performance in various applications, especially those involving exposure to moisture or sweating, such as military, firefighting, and outdoor sports activities. Although there are several standards for measuring the water vapor transmission properties of textiles, their values can vary significantly under real-world operating conditions, due to the hydrophilic nature of many textile materials. A new experimental setup is proposed to measure the water vapor resistance of fabrics under real-world conditions of use, providing a more accurate representation compared to conventional steady-state methods. By integrating experimental data with mathematical modeling, the authors analyze the resistance of textiles to water vapor transfer, factoring in temperature fluctuations and the physical phenomenon of water sorption. The results indicate a correlation between moisture content and water vapor resistance at constant temperature, while temperature variation primarily affects the diffusion of water vapor through the air within the textile’s voids.

Factors affecting the friction coefficient of wet fabrics

2025-06-24

Keiko Suganuma | Textile Research Journal

The friction coefficient is an important property of fabrics that influences clothing comfort, sports performance, and the medical and safety functionalities of textile products. This study aims to investigate the … The friction coefficient is an important property of fabrics that influences clothing comfort, sports performance, and the medical and safety functionalities of textile products. This study aims to investigate the factors affecting the friction coefficient of wet fabrics. The friction coefficients of various fabrics were measured, and the effects of the fabric or weave structure, material fiber, linearity of the fiber, and real contact area of the fabrics were investigated. The results were analyzed statistically, revealing that the factors affecting the friction coefficient of wet fabrics were the wettability and real contact area of the fabrics, with their contributions to the friction coefficient being approximately 40% and 15%, respectively. The effects of the wettability, surface tension, and hydrophilicity of the fabric materials on the friction coefficient were also studied.

Unidirectional Nonshrinking <scp>PETG</scp>/<scp>PC</scp> Heat Shrink Film

2025-06-23

Yang Zhao , Jing Zhao , Wen‐Juan Wang +7 more | Journal of Applied Polymer Science

ABSTRACT Heat shrinkable film often pursues high thermal shrinkage of TD and low thermal shrinkage of MD. In this paper, PC is used as the modified material of PETG, and … ABSTRACT Heat shrinkable film often pursues high thermal shrinkage of TD and low thermal shrinkage of MD. In this paper, PC is used as the modified material of PETG, and the two materials are mixed according to the ratio (PETG/PC) of 100/0, 95/5, 90/10, 80/20, 70/30, and the heat shrinkable film is prepared by blow molding. In addition, the thermal shrinkage, thermal, mechanical, and optical properties of the blended film are tested to explore the influence of PC content on PETG properties and determine the optimal formula. The addition of PC decreases the thermal shrinkage rate of the film. When the amount of PC is greater than or equal to 10%, the MD thermal shrinkage rate of the film is 0 when the film is below 130°C. When comparing the mechanical properties and optical properties of the blended films, it is found that the overall properties of the blended films with PC content of 10% are better. The blending ratio (PETG/PC) of 90/10 was determined as the optimal formula. PC brought a large number of benzene rings and side chain methyl functional groups into the blending system, destroyed the regularity of molecular chains, limited the movement ability of molecular chains, and made the molecular chain orientation incomplete, which was manifested as a decrease in thermal shrinkage rate. The SEM images show that PC exists in the PETG phase as a partially stretched nanosphere with TD, which proves that the orientation of TD is greater than that of MD. This is the reason why MD of blend film does not shrink at low temperatures, but TD shrinks. The PETG/PC blended film can improve the thermal shrinkage behavior of the existing PETG film.

Determination of Various Parameters on Leather using Different Testing Methods

2025-06-22

Arjun Verma | International Scientific Journal of Engineering and Management

Abstract: This research explores the impact of multiple parameters on Cow Softy Leather, employing a range of testing methods. The study assesses factors like material composition, thickness, flexibility, and moisture … Abstract: This research explores the impact of multiple parameters on Cow Softy Leather, employing a range of testing methods. The study assesses factors like material composition, thickness, flexibility, and moisture resistance to enhance understanding of how these aspects influence the performance and durability of footwear materials. Through different testing conducted, this investigation aims to provide valuable insights for improving footwear design and material selection, ultimately leading to more comfortable, long-lasting and sustainable shoe products. Throughout the investigation, a variety of footwear upper materials are analyzed, including leather, synthetic textiles, and innovative composite materials. The findings from these tests offer valuable data for designers, manufacturers, and consumers to make informed decisions regarding material selection and footwear performance expectations. The outcomes of this study contribute to the continuous improvement of footwear design and production processes, resulting in more comfortable, durable, and functional footwear products. Moreover, it aids in the development of sustainable materials by evaluating their performance in comparison to traditional options. Key words- Leather, Hide, Portions, Testing, Physical, Chemical, Tensile, Elongation

Development of a mathematical model and study of mechanical properties of textile materials for shoes

2025-06-21

Kazybek Bektayev , Б. Абзалбекулы , R. Sh. Mirzamuratova +3 more | The Journal of Almaty Technological University

In this paper, the problems of using textile materials for the production of shoes, mechanical properties, their relationship with the structure of the fabric and fiber composition are studied, a … In this paper, the problems of using textile materials for the production of shoes, mechanical properties, their relationship with the structure of the fabric and fiber composition are studied, a mathematical model is made up. Since footwear is always a necessary commodity, the need for it does not stop. With the development of technology in the chemical, leather and textile industries, the footwear industry is undergoing changes, which makes the problem of improving the quality of manufactured products urgent. Today, textiles account for 50% of all footwear produced, which indicates their importance in this field. Mechanical properties of textile materials are important indicators of the material and the manufactured product. The aim of the work – systematize the knowledge of mechanical properties of textile materials, their relationship with structure and composition, and show the importance of evaluating these properties to ensure the quality of textile products. Mechanical characteristics are necessary for performance indicators in the assessment of wear resistance, strength of textile material. A set of methods for determining the mechanical and surface properties of textile materials allows you to assess the quality of textiles and compliance of the material to the purpose. The paper analyzes the methods of determining properties and their role in assessing the quality of textile products, with special attention to the change in mechanical properties of materials. One of the main requirements to fabrics for footwear is strength properties. The strength properties of selected fabric samples in length and width were determined. Since mechanical properties of textile materials are the main characteristic that determines their functionality and application areas, the study found that the mechanical properties of materials largely depend on the structure, fiber composition, and operating conditions. Changes in these factors result in changes in characteristics such as strength, tensile strength, stiffness, etc. Knowledge of these properties makes it possible to create textile materials with specified characteristics that are optimally suited for various applications.

Investigation of the structural parameters of combined weaves for the manufacture of formresistant knitwear

2025-06-21

A. S. Abishova | The Journal of Almaty Technological University

The study of ways and technologies for obtaining shape–resistant textiles in textile production is an urgent and important scientific and technical problem. Shape stability for textiles is a complex indicator … The study of ways and technologies for obtaining shape–resistant textiles in textile production is an urgent and important scientific and technical problem. Shape stability for textiles is a complex indicator reflecting operational and technological properties. To study the features of technology and methods for producing competitive textiles from form-resistant textile fabrics, the following tasks were set: analysis of the type of raw materials for form-resistant textiles, study of methods and technology for producing form-resistant textiles, analysis of ways to increase shape stability for form-resistant textiles, compilation of shape-resistant products taking into account the characteristics of the fabric. To study the shape stability of a textile fabric, we use yarn with a surface density of 350 g/m2 and a content of 50% wool and 50% acrylic. The following fabrics were selected as fabric samples for the study of shape stability: jacquard, Dutch pique, reps. To determine the residual deformation of the knitted fabric, the fabric sample is stretched by performing the "loading – unloading – rest" process, the degree of bending on the PT–2 device is determined to determine the stiffness coefficient, and the degree of shrinkage of the fabric is determined by the washing process. An approximate method is used for fabricating products from canvas. In the work, shape-resistant knitted fabrics were improved using various types of weaves, optimal weave parameters were obtained to obtain shape-resistant fabrics, and a mathematical model for shape-resistant textile fabrics was developed. To realize the result of the work, the type of fabric from which the form-resistant knitted product was developed and manufactured was selected.

Changes in foot comfort of middle-aged women wearing 3D customized insoles

2025-06-20

Soo‐Hwan Byun , Jaejin Ryue , Zhiwei Fang +4 more | Footwear Science

Determination of some surface properties in wax coatings applied on mulberry (Morus alba) wood

2025-06-20

Ümit Ayata | Journal of Apitherapy and Nature

In this study, the surface properties of mulberry (Morus alba) wood treated with wax layers of varying coat numbers were identified and compared. The obtained data were analyzed in a … In this study, the surface properties of mulberry (Morus alba) wood treated with wax layers of varying coat numbers were identified and compared. The obtained data were analyzed in a statistical program, revealing generally different results. Except for the h° value, the number of coats factor was found to be significant for all tests in the variance analyses. As the number of coats increased, decreases were observed in the L* value, while increases were found in the b*, C*, and a* values. Increases in the number of coats resulted in a reduction in WI* values in both directions. The highest results in color parameters were observed in the control samples for ho and L* values, whereas for a*, b*, and C* values, they were found in the experimental samples treated with three coats of wax. The ∆E* values measured were 7.65 for one coat, 9.68 for two coats, and 12.02 for three coats of application. Increases in glossiness values were achieved in both directions at 60 and 85 degrees. The application of wax has been found to change certain optical properties of the wood.

Modeling and analysis of yarn tension in track-change interlocking braiding processes

2025-06-20

Gaowei Cai , Zhuo Meng , Haowen Jiao +1 more | Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites

In order to study the fluctuation of yarn tension in the process of track-change interlocking braiding, the track-change interlocking mechanism and carrier motion process are taken as examples. The structure … In order to study the fluctuation of yarn tension in the process of track-change interlocking braiding, the track-change interlocking mechanism and carrier motion process are taken as examples. The structure of carrier and yarn release process are analyzed to establish the equation of motion of yarn in the process of track-change braiding, and the theoretical value of yarn tension is obtained. Then the yarn tension in the track-change process is simulated in MATLAB simulation software. In order to verify the accuracy of the mathematical model, the yarn tension experiment is carried out. The box plot method is used to process the measured experimental data to deal with the outliers and optimize the yarn tension. After optimization, the maximum value of yarn tension was reduced by 8.42% and the minimum value of yarn tension was reduced by 4.67%. Reducing yarn tension during the braiding process can improve the uniformity of fiber distribution on the mandrel, avoid yarn pile-ups and gaps caused by sudden changes in yarn tension, and improve the mechanical properties after molding.

Assessment of digital image correlation for tensile characterization of fique woven textiles used as matrix-reinforcement

2025-06-20

Valeria Perez , José M. Benjumea , Silvia Archila +1 more | Construction and Building Materials

KADIN GİYSİ TASARIMINDA GÜNCEL ANTROPOMETRİK ÖLÇÜLER: ANKARA İLİ ÖRNEĞİ

2025-06-20

Gamze Çamlıbel , Hacer Yücel | Antropoloji

Giysi konforunu etkileyen faktörlerden birisi de giysi kalıplarıdır. Giysi kalıplarının elde edilmesinde kullanılan bazı antropometrik ölçüler bulunmaktadır ve bu ölçüler belirli aralıklar ile güncellenmelidir. Kadın giysi tasarımında güncel antropometrik ölçülerin … Giysi konforunu etkileyen faktörlerden birisi de giysi kalıplarıdır. Giysi kalıplarının elde edilmesinde kullanılan bazı antropometrik ölçüler bulunmaktadır ve bu ölçüler belirli aralıklar ile güncellenmelidir. Kadın giysi tasarımında güncel antropometrik ölçülerin elde edilmesini amaçlayan bu araştırmada, kadın giysi kalıplarında kullanılmakta olan antropometrik ölçülerin güncel ortalama değerleri tespit edilmiştir. Yaş aralıklarına göre antropometrik ölçülerinin ortalama değerleri ortaya konmuştur. Yaş aralıklarına göre ortalama vücut tipleri, beden numaraları ve kadınların giyim ürünlerinde yaşadıkları ölçü kaynaklı problemler belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca giyimde kullanılan antropometrik ölçülerin yeni ortalama değerleri ile giyimde kullanılan standart beden ölçüleri karşılaştırılmıştır. Araştırmanın amacı doğrultusunda betimsel yöntem kullanılmıştır. Bu bağlamda Ankara’da yaşamakta olan 18-65 yaş arası 202 kadına anket uygulanmış ve giyimde kullanılan 35 antropometrik ölçü alınmıştır. Toplanan veriler SPSS (v.25) programında analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen verilerin genel sonuçlarına bakıldığında, kadınların ağırlık ortalaması 70,4 kg, boy ortalaması 1,59 cm, göğüs çevresi 98 cm, bel çevresi 84 cm, kalça çevresi 107,5 cm olarak tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca araştırma sonucunda kadınların beden ölçülerinin hazır giyimdeki standart beden ölçülerine uymadığı, genellikle alt giysi gruplarında problem yaşadıkları ve kadınların yaş aldıkça vücut tiplerinin genellikle dikdörtgene dönüştüğü tespit edilmiştir

Running in the heat accelerates changes in footwear perceptions

2025-06-20

Marni G. Wasserman , Christian Ertel , Jennifer Sumner +2 more | Footwear Science

Study on the Properties of Highly Transparent Thermosetting Glass Fiber Composites Fabricated Using the Transparent Prepreg Process

2025-06-19

Xia Liang , Yuliang Hou , Zhuqing Zhang +2 more | Polymer Composites

ABSTRACT The industrial‐scale production of transparent composites faces challenges. Here, we propose a scalable strategy by integrating E‐glass fiber (GF) into a refractive‐index (RI)‐tunable thermosetting epoxy resin (EP). By introducing … ABSTRACT The industrial‐scale production of transparent composites faces challenges. Here, we propose a scalable strategy by integrating E‐glass fiber (GF) into a refractive‐index (RI)‐tunable thermosetting epoxy resin (EP). By introducing methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride (MHHPA), we achieved RI matching between GF and matrix, enabling excellent opto‐mechanical properties. The thermosetting glass‐fiber transparent composite (TGFTC) was fabricated using transparent prepreg (TP) combined with a hotpressing process, which effectively minimized surface defects. The 0.16 mm‐thick TGFTC fabricated demonstrated the highest transmittance (90.1%) and the lowest haze (3.6%). The TGFTC samples, containing 20 layers of TPs, maintained exceptional optical transparency (84%) while exhibiting superior mechanical properties (413 MPa tensile strength, 785 MPa flexural strength and 193 KJ/m 2 impact strength). Furthermore, after 28 days of hygrothermal aging, the TGFTC demonstrates excellent aging resistance. Specifically, the composite exhibits 84% transmittance, 15% haze, and 206 MPa tensile strength. The aging degradation mechanism is attributed to water‐induced matrix softening, which leads to the propagation of microcracks and fiber/matrix interfacial debonding. Optical uniformity was assessed using a 300 × 300 mm specimen segmented into 20 distinct zones. The results demonstrated excellent consistency in light transmittance, haze, and thickness across all regions. This research provides a novel fabrication method for transparent composites.

Characterization and Evaluation of Cotton Rose-Blended Fabrics for Sustainable Applications

2025-06-19

Nabaneeta Gogoi , Smita Bhuyan , Dipshikha Hazarika +3 more | Fibers and Polymers

Thermal Protective Performance of Plated Weft-Knitted Structures Using Para-Aramid and FR Polyester Under Different Thermal Exposures

2025-06-18

Viraj Uttamrao Somkuwar , Ankit Gupta , H.P. Garg +2 more | Fibers and Polymers

Effect of Composition of Nonwoven Needlepunch Cloth on Porosity of Processed Material

2025-06-18

N. I. Godin , A. V. Dedov , Andrey A. Stepashkin +1 more | Fibre Chemistry

Numerical simulation and experimental investigation of fiber tension in staple yarn

2025-06-17

H. B. Li , Lili Qian , YU Chong-wen | Textile Research Journal

Staple yarn is the basic element of most textiles, and the breakage mechanism of staple yarn has always been a topic of focus in the textiles field. Fiber tension in … Staple yarn is the basic element of most textiles, and the breakage mechanism of staple yarn has always been a topic of focus in the textiles field. Fiber tension in staple yarn, caused by twisting, forms the basis for exploring its breakage mechanism. In this paper, a numerical model is proposed to simulate the fiber tension in staple yarn, considering fiber properties, staple yarn parameters, and the shrinkage of fibers during twisting. To ensure the reliability of the model, several typical and commonly used staple yarns were analyzed to validate the simulated results. The results show that the fiber tension in staple yarn is related to its fiber properties and linear density. Meanwhile, the mean absolute percentage error of the numerical model is only around 5%–8%. The correlation coefficient R between the simulated results and the tested results is 0.99, proving that the model has very good accuracy and applicability. This model would provide a basis for further research on the breakage mechanism of staple yarn.

Structural and mechanical characterization of nylon fiber aggregates

2025-06-17

L. Gey , R. Guenin , Patrice Le Gal +1 more | Physical review. E

A Sustainable Framework for Realism Evaluation and Optimization of Virtual Fabric Drape Effect

2025-06-17

R. L. Wang , Fang Fang , Q. Chen | Sustainability

As awareness of the negative environmental impact of fashion grows, most companies are choosing to innovate in areas such as recycling and digital transformation. In the context of the rising … As awareness of the negative environmental impact of fashion grows, most companies are choosing to innovate in areas such as recycling and digital transformation. In the context of the rising digital economy and the ongoing development of 3D simulation software, there has been a notable increase in the demand for realistic 3D virtual-fitting effects. However, no standardized evaluation method exists for the realism of virtual fabric drape. This study proposes a systematic approach to enhance the objective evaluation and rapid optimization of virtual fabric drape realism. The research is structured in four stages. First, virtual drape testing conditions are established by referencing real-world fabric drape tests. Second, fuzzy classification is employed to categorize the realism of virtual drape effects into six levels. Third, subjective evaluations of representative fabrics are conducted to define the grading thresholds and reveal differences among the fabric types. Finally, a backpropagation (BP) neural network is used to construct three rapid evaluation models and one optimization model, which are validated through practical application. The proposed method supports accurate assessment and optimization of virtual simulations, contributes to a refined virtual fabric database, and offers insights for improving other 3D fitting software.

Documentation on Protective Textile: Existing Technical Textile Products & New Developments

2025-06-17

S. K. Raha | International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

This paper reviews a significant segment of the technical textile market is that of Protective Clothing (PC), which is receptive to new products and suppliers. Protective clothing can be divided … This paper reviews a significant segment of the technical textile market is that of Protective Clothing (PC), which is receptive to new products and suppliers. Protective clothing can be divided into various groups, including, clothing against heat, flame, mechanical impacts, cold, chemical substances, radioactive contamination, and protective gloves against mechanical and thermal hazards. The focus of protective clothing is more on sophisticated needs, and in situations where the hazards or risks are present that have the potential to be life threatening, or pose considerable potential for injury or damage to the person working in hazardous situations. The Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical (NBC) lightweight over-boots provide more than twenty four protection against chemical warfare (CW) agents, and are fully antistatic. A common objective of the protective clothing industry is the creative and innovative application of available technology, and much of the technology involved is among the most sophisticated available, and the end uses being complex and of great value.

Study on the Wrinkling Mechanisms of Human Skin Based on the Digital Image Correlation and Facial Action Coding System

2025-06-17

Huixin Wei , Mingjian Chen , Shibin Wang +5 more | Applied Sciences

Facial wrinkles are a key indicator of aging and hold significant importance in skincare, cosmetics, and cosmetology. Their formation is closely linked to mechanical deformation, yet the underlying processes remain … Facial wrinkles are a key indicator of aging and hold significant importance in skincare, cosmetics, and cosmetology. Their formation is closely linked to mechanical deformation, yet the underlying processes remain complex. This study integrates the Facial Action Coding System (FACS) with three-dimensional digital image correlation (3D-DIC) to dynamically capture and quantitatively analyze skin deformation during facial expression. Principal strains and their orientation are introduced as important parameters to investigate the relationship between mechanical behavior and wrinkle formation. To further explore these interactions, a four-layer finite element (FE) model incorporating a muscle layer is developed, simulating muscle contraction and its influence on skin deformation. The findings provide a mechanobiological framework for understanding wrinkle formation and may inspire the development of strain-sensitive sensors for real-time detection of microstructural deformations.

Ergonomic Design and Evaluation of Cloth-Pulling Devices for Praewa Silk Weavers

2025-06-16

Wuttichai Yota , Manida Swangnetr Neubert , Teeraphun Kaewdok | F1000Research

<ns5:p>Background Traditional weaving professionals pull cloth manually during the handloom process, which can lead to several unnoticed musculoskeletal disorders. The aim of this study was to design and evaluate the … <ns5:p>Background Traditional weaving professionals pull cloth manually during the handloom process, which can lead to several unnoticed musculoskeletal disorders. The aim of this study was to design and evaluate the effectiveness of cloth-pulling devices for Praewa silk weavers in Thailand. Methods An experimental trial was conducted using surface electromyography to evaluate weavers’ muscle activity, productivity and perceived satisfaction during the Praewa silk-pulling process while employing traditional cloth pulling, using a standard cloth-pulling device and using an ergonomic prototype cloth-pulling device. Results The results showed that the levels of muscle activity and hand activity with the prototype design were generally lower than those with traditional cloth pulling and with the standard cloth-pulling device (p < 0.01). There was a significant preference for the prototype, based on productivity and perceived satisfaction (p < 0.01). Conclusions The new cloth-pulling device was found to be applicable and acceptable among the weavers. Further research is needed to make appropriate revisions to the ergonomically designed tool based on ergonomic measurements of muscle activity and fatigue under field production conditions. Studies related to workstations and working conditions are needed in the weaving industry sector.</ns5:p>

Draping test with polygonal sample-holding table for measuring the shape-changing ability of sheet-like, bendable by gravity materials

2025-06-16

Marianna Halász , Zsolt Borka , Gabriella Oroszlány | Deleted Journal

Abstract Draping is a 3-dimensional, complex shape change caused by gravity. It characterizes the ability of the given sheet-like material, often textiles, with low bending stiffness to adapt to the … Abstract Draping is a 3-dimensional, complex shape change caused by gravity. It characterizes the ability of the given sheet-like material, often textiles, with low bending stiffness to adapt to the shape of an object in a complex way, and therefore, knowing it is important, especially from the point of view of simulating the behaviour of this material. In a draping test, a circular sample is placed on a circular sample-holding table, its edges are allowed to bend down, and then the draping coefficient and the number of waves are calculated based on its planar projection. However, both factors have a large standard deviation, and strangely, the number of waves is not unambiguous. In our research, we replaced the circular table with regular, polygonal sample-holding tables of 3–15 corners, which had the same area, and investigated how the number of table corners is related to the draping coefficient and the number of waves. We compared the results obtained on the polygonal sample-holding tables with the results measured on the circular table. In our article, we present the course of the research, the testing equipment and how we changed it, the tested 7 types of fabrics, and the results obtained. Our results prove that with the use of a polygonal sample-holding table, the number of waves can be clear, the size and arrangement of the waves can be uniform, and so the uncertainty of the measurement results can be reduced, and the repeatability of the test can be improved. Based on the data, the regular six-sided sample-holding table can be recommended for the drape test; only very rigid samples cannot follow its corners with their waves, and the draping coefficient is almost the same as that measured on a round table. The optional use of the hexagonal sample-holding table can be recommended, especially for comparative testing of fabrics for the same purpose, for example, when it is necessary to select in terms of draping the most suitable fabric from among the possible ones for a specific garment or even for a curtain.

Squeezing effect on three-dimensional Hanbury Brown-Twiss radii

2025-06-16

Yong Zhang , Peng Ru | Chinese Physics C

Abstract This paper examines the impacts of the squeezing effect caused by the particle's&#xD;in-medium mass modification on the three-dimensional Hanbury Brown-Twiss (HBT) radii.&#xD;An analysis is conducted on how the squeezing … Abstract This paper examines the impacts of the squeezing effect caused by the particle's&#xD;in-medium mass modification on the three-dimensional Hanbury Brown-Twiss (HBT) radii.&#xD;An analysis is conducted on how the squeezing effect impacts the three-dimensional&#xD;HBT radii of φφ , D 0 D 0 , and K + K + .&#xD;The squeezing effect suppresses the impacts&#xD;of transverse flow on the transverse source distribution and broadens the&#xD;space-time rapidity distribution of the particle-emitting source,&#xD;leading to an increase in the HBT radii, notably in out and longitudinal direction.&#xD;This phenomenon becomes more significant for higher transverse pair momentum,&#xD;resulting in a non-monotonic decrease in the HBT radii with increasing transverse&#xD;pair momentum. The impact of the squeezing effect on the HBT radii is more pronounced&#xD;for D 0 D 0 than for φφ. Furthermore, this effect is also more&#xD;significant for ϕϕ than for K + K + .&#xD; The findings presented in this paper could offer fresh perspectives on investigating the squeezing effect.

Analyzing the Effects of Sewing Compression on Thermal Efficiency in Baffled Jackets with an Advanced Walking Thermal Manikin

2025-06-16

Hassan Saeed , Adnan Mazari , Md Tanzir Hasan | Textiles

Sewing is the major contributor to the manufacturing of protection wear for the survival of early human civilization against extreme weather conditions. Mechanized sewing witnessed developments during the middle of … Sewing is the major contributor to the manufacturing of protection wear for the survival of early human civilization against extreme weather conditions. Mechanized sewing witnessed developments during the middle of the 19th century, and tedious handwork was replaced by sewing machines. Despite the modernization of sewing machine technologies, speed, material thicknesses, automation, and the introduction of AI in sewing, there is a longstanding problem of heat loss along stitch lines. The sewing material is compressed by the sewing thread, and this compression results in a bridge between the human body and the external cold environment. Garment technologists identify this problem and due to the lack of any technological solution, the problem is solved through complex material handling methods. A new sewing technological solution has been developed to solve this problem, called spacer stitching, which addresses the problem of compression along stitch lines. Two baffled jackets with sewn-through methods are prepared, one with the spacer stitching technology and the other with conventional sewing. Thermal resistance and insulation efficiency are evaluated using the Thermetrics thermal manikin “Sonny” under dynamic (walking) conditions to analyze the thermal resistance difference between the two types of sewing methods as well as the effects of motion on insulation. The results reveal that the jacket made with spacer stitching demonstrates significantly higher thermal resistance and enhanced wearer comfort compared to that produced using conventional methods. Additionally, variations in thermal resistance are observed across different zones of the thermal manikin. These findings highlight the potential of spacer stitching to improve thermal insulation and revolutionize high-performance outerwear design.

The effect of fabric structure and tension on the warp knitted fabric formability

2025-06-15

Shiva Aghazadeh , Ali Asghar Asgharian Jeddi , Mirreza Taheri OtaghSara | Journal of the Textile Institute

Electrophysical Properties of Textiles with Metallic Nanocoatings

2025-06-14

E. G. Zamostotsky | Fibre Chemistry

Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility on Shree Devi Textiles

2025-06-14

Mrs. M. Banurekha | International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology

This study explores the impact of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) on Shree Devi Textiles, a prominent textile firm based in Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu. The research investigates how the company’s CSR … This study explores the impact of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) on Shree Devi Textiles, a prominent textile firm based in Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu. The research investigates how the company’s CSR initiatives influence brand reputation, customer loyalty, and overall business growth. Despite Shree Devi Textiles’ extensive efforts in environmental sustainability, employee welfare, and community development, the benefits remain geographically limited due to its singlebranch presence. Using primary data collected from 204 respondents and applying statistical tools such as ANOVA, Chi-square, and Friedman ranking, the study reveals that CSR activities significantly enhance employee morale and customer perception. However, awareness of these initiatives outside Coimbatore is low. The study suggests leveraging digital platforms, storytelling, and strategic partnerships to increase visibility and engagement. It concludes that CSR is not only a tool for social betterment but also a strategic asset for sustainable growth and brand differentiation.

Comparative Tests of Thermally Bonded Nonwoven Materials in Springless Mattresses and Effect of Bicomponent Fibers on Deformation Properties

2025-06-14

O. O. Erofeev , E. V. Mezentseva , V. Yu. Mishakov +1 more | Fibre Chemistry

Characterization of temperature, moisture and stress distribution in corn drying process based on numerical simulation

2025-06-13

Xinwei Zhang , Longfei Wang , Kechuan Yi +1 more | Journal of Food Measurement & Characterization

A method to predict stiffness evolution of 3D woven composites based on acoustic emission and deep learning

2025-06-13

Yuhang Liu , Kai Huang , Kun Gao +7 more | International Journal of Fatigue

Yarn Count Estimation in Woven Fabrics Using FFT-Based Image Analysis

2025-06-12

Rofidatunnissa , Kusworo Adi , Catur Edi Widodo | International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology

Yarn count is a primary parameter in fabric structure that greatly influences fabric quality, usage, and design. It is defined as the ratio between the length and weight of the … Yarn count is a primary parameter in fabric structure that greatly influences fabric quality, usage, and design. It is defined as the ratio between the length and weight of the yarn. The Ne unit belongs to the indirect count system (constant weight, variable length) and is commonly used for cotton or cotton-blended fabrics. Conventionally, yarn count is measured manually by determining the yarn diameter, but this method often results in inaccuracies. An automated analysis using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) can extract directional and repetitive patterns from grayscale texture images, and is therefore applied for automatic yarn count estimation. In this study, the accuracy of yarn count measurement is improved by applying linear regression, resulting average error for plain weave fabrics (5.51% for warp and 14.22% for weft), followed by twill weave (9.72% warp, 24.00% weft), and satin weave (13.94% weft). However, a high error was observed in the warp yarn of satin weave (31.42%), which is attributed to visual distortion in the yarn appearance.

Bioinspired Asymmetrical Pleated Textile With Unidirectional Transport Channel for Personal Moisture and Thermal Management

2025-06-12

Meitong Ge , Fengxiang Chen , Chaoyu Chen +4 more | Exploration

ABSTRACT Asymmetrical pleated textile with unidirectional water transport plays a vital role in maintaining personal moisture and thermal comfort. Inspired by the cactus branch, in this work, an asymmetrical pleated … ABSTRACT Asymmetrical pleated textile with unidirectional water transport plays a vital role in maintaining personal moisture and thermal comfort. Inspired by the cactus branch, in this work, an asymmetrical pleated structure textile embedded with a unidirectional water transport channel was proposed by seamless weft knitting technology. This innovative textile with differential capillary effect can swiftly transport water within 1 s, with an accumulative one‐way transport index (AOTI) of 499.57%. This textile also exhibits excellent external water repellency with a stable contact angle exceeding 120°. Most importantly, water repellency, water collection, and directional water transport ability are integrated into one unified system by means of the asymmetrical pleated structure, thereby ensuring both safety and comfort for the wearer. The advanced fabrics meet high transmission indexes and fast transport rates, which are expected to provide a fresh avenue for the development and creation of more efficient and adaptive personal moisture and thermal management fabrics.

Inventory Analysis of Packed Red Cells Components Using Monte Carlo Simulation

2025-06-12

Fachrul Yazid Fasyabib , Nabila Noor Qisthani , Yulinda Uswatun Kasanah | Jurnal INTECH Teknik Industri Universitas Serang Raya

This study analyzes Packed Red Cells (PRC) inventory management at PMI Banyumas using a Monte Carlo simulation to evaluate different stock management strategies. The initial model shows a significant shortage … This study analyzes Packed Red Cells (PRC) inventory management at PMI Banyumas using a Monte Carlo simulation to evaluate different stock management strategies. The initial model shows a significant shortage of blood supply. Two alternative scenarios were simulated to address this issue: adding 55 additional units from external sources and increasing donor participation by 15%. The simulation results demonstrate that these strategies effectively reduce the shortage from 62 units to just 5 units without increasing expired inventory while achieving the lowest total cost of Rp. 9,927,682. These findings highlight that increasing donor participation offers the best performance in balancing supply and demand. This study provides simulation-based strategic recommendations that other PMI branches can replicate to improve bloodstock management, reduce shortages, and maintain optimal service levels.

Finite-Element Analysis and Experimental Study: the Effects of Stacking Sequence of Stitched Layers on Tensile Properties of Glass/Epoxy Composites

2025-06-12

Fatemeh Lorestani , Hooshang Nosraty , Seyed Abolfazl Mirdehghan | Fibers and Polymers

Physical Properties of Dong Fabrics with Different Finishing Processes

2025-06-10

Jie Luo , Soohyun Yang , Si-Yu Song +1 more | Journal of Fiber Science and Technology