Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology

Language, Metaphor, and Cognition

Works Count: 110704

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This cluster of papers explores the metaphorical representation of time in language and cognition, investigating the influence of language on conceptualizations of time, the role of embodiment and spatial metaphors in understanding time, and the neural basis of understanding metaphoric expressions related to time. It also delves into cross-cultural differences in mental representations of time and the impact of metaphor on reasoning and communication.

Keywords

Metaphor; Time; Language; Cognition; Embodiment; Spatial Metaphors; Conceptual Blending; Cognitive Science; Cross-Cultural Comparison; Neural Basis

Mind, Language and Reality

1975-01-01

Hilary Putnam

Professor Hilary Putnam has been one of the most influential and sharply original of recent American philosophers in a whole range of fields. His most important published work is collected … Professor Hilary Putnam has been one of the most influential and sharply original of recent American philosophers in a whole range of fields. His most important published work is collected here, together with several new and substantial studies, in two volumes. The first deals with the philosophy of mathematics and of science and the nature of philosophical and scientific enquiry; the second deals with the philosophy of language and mind. Volume one is now issued in a new edition, including an essay on the philosophy of logic first published in 1971.

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Language: An Introduction to the Study of Speech

1922-01-01

Leonard Bloomfield , Edward Sapir

Originally published in 1921, this classic is still regarded as one of the clearest, most comprehensive descriptions of language for the general reader. Index. Originally published in 1921, this classic is still regarded as one of the clearest, most comprehensive descriptions of language for the general reader. Index.

Acts of meaning

1991-07-01

Jerome S. Bruner

Jerome Bruner argues that the cognitive revolution, with its current fixation on mind as information processor; has led psychology away from the deeper objective of understanding mind as a creator … Jerome Bruner argues that the cognitive revolution, with its current fixation on mind as information processor; has led psychology away from the deeper objective of understanding mind as a creator of meanings. Only by breaking out of the limitations imposed by a computational model of mind can we grasp the special interaction through which mind both constitutes and is constituted by culture. (http://books.google.fr/books?id=YHt_M41uIuUC&pg=PA157&dq=Bruner,+J.+%281990%29.+Acts+of+meaning&hl=fr&ei=EwOXTrqpCsPWsgaGgO2YBA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CDMQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false)

The need for cognition.

1982-01-01

John T. Cacioppo , Richard E. Petty

Context and Culture in Language Teaching

1995-01-01

Mark Knowles , Claire Kramsch

Acknowledgements Preface Introduction Dubious dichotomies and deceptive symmetries The importance of context in language education A discourse perspective Notes 1. Educational challenge Of challenges and conditions Challenge as action Challenge … Acknowledgements Preface Introduction Dubious dichotomies and deceptive symmetries The importance of context in language education A discourse perspective Notes 1. Educational challenge Of challenges and conditions Challenge as action Challenge as paradox Challenge as dialogue Double-voiced discourse Dialogic breakthrough Notes 2. Contexts of speech and social interaction What's in a context? Discourse and culture Contextual shaping Conclusion Notes 3. Teaching the spoken language Five case studies Problems and paradoxes Teaching language as (con)/text Notes 4. Stories and discourses Dimensions of particularity Understanding of particularity Conclusion Notes 5. Teaching the literary text Current practices Defining the reader Teaching the narrative Teaching poetry Post-teaching activities Conclusion Notes 6. Authentic texts and contexts What is cultural authenticity? The communicative proficiency approach The discourse analysis approach The challenge of multimedia Notes 7. Teaching language across the cultural faultline Cultural reality and cultural imagination C2, C2': reconstructing the C2 context of production and reception C1': constructing a context of reception in the learner's native culture C1, C2: in the eyes of others Of bridges and boundaries Notes 8. Looking for third places A popular culture A critical culture An ecological culture Conclusion Notes Appendices Bibliography Index

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Perspectives on socially shared cognition.

1991-01-01

Lauren Β. Resnick , John M. Levine , Stephanie D. Teasley

This volume contains reports on the way thought works, from investigators in psychology, social psychology, anthropology, sociology, linguistics and literature. It argues that our thinking is shaped by others in … This volume contains reports on the way thought works, from investigators in psychology, social psychology, anthropology, sociology, linguistics and literature. It argues that our thinking is shaped by others in a process known as socially shared cognition.

Imagery and Verbal Processes

2013-11-26

Allan Paivio

Mental Models: Towards a Cognitive Science of Language, Inference, and Consciousness

1985-12-01

Marilyn Ford , P. N. Johnson‐Laird

Mental Models offers nothing less than a unified theory of the major properties of mind: comprehension, inference, and consciousness. In spirited and graceful prose, Johnson-Laird argues that we apprehend the … Mental Models offers nothing less than a unified theory of the major properties of mind: comprehension, inference, and consciousness. In spirited and graceful prose, Johnson-Laird argues that we apprehend the world by building inner mental replicas of the relations among objects and events that concern us. The mind is essentially a model-building device that can itself be modeled on a digital computer. This book provides both a blueprint for building such a model and numerous important illustrations of how to do it. In several key areas of cognition, Johnson-Laird shows how an explanation based on mental modeling is clearly superior to previous theory. For example, he argues compellingly that deductive reasoning does not take place by tacitly applying the rules of logic, but by mentally manipulating models of the states of affairs from which inferences are drawn. Similarly, linguistic comprehension is best understood not as a matter of applying inference rules to propositions derived from sentences, but rather as the mind's effort to construct and update a model of the situation described by a text or a discourse. Most provocative, perhaps, is Johnson-Laird's theory of consciousness: the mind's necessarily incomplete model of itself allows only a partial control over the many unconscious and parallel processes of cognition. This an extraordinarily rich book, providing a coherent account of much recent experimental work in cognitive psychology, along with lucid explanations of relevant theory in linguistics, computer science, and philosophy Not since Miller, Galanter, and Pribram's classic Plans and the Structure of Behavior has a book in cognitive science combined such sweep, style, and good sense. Like its distinguished predecessor, Mental Models may well serve to fix a point of view for a generation. (http://books.google.fr/books?id=FS3zSKAfLGMC&printsec=frontcover&hl=fr#v=onepage&q&f=false)

Rhetorical Structure Theory: Toward a functional theory of text organization

1988-01-01

William C. Mann , Sandra A. Thompson

Cognition in practice : mind, mathematics, and culture in everyday life

1988-07-29

Jean Lave

Most previous research on human cognition has focused on problem-solving, and has confined its investigations to the laboratory. As a result, it has been difficult to account for complex mental … Most previous research on human cognition has focused on problem-solving, and has confined its investigations to the laboratory. As a result, it has been difficult to account for complex mental processes and their place in culture and history. In this startling - indeed, disco in forting - study, Jean Lave moves the analysis of one particular form of cognitive activity, - arithmetic problem-solving - out of the laboratory into the domain of everyday life. In so doing, she shows how mathematics in the 'real world', like all thinking, is shaped by the dynamic encounter between the culturally endowed mind and its total context, a subtle interaction that shapes 1) Both tile human subject and the world within which it acts. The study is focused on mundane daily, activities, such as grocery shopping for 'best buys' in the supermarket, dieting, and so on. Innovative in its method, fascinating in its findings, the research is above all significant in its theoretical contributions. Have offers a cogent critique of conventional cognitive theory, turning for an alternative to recent social theory, and weaving a compelling synthesis from elements of culture theory, theories of practice, and Marxist discourse. The result is a new way of understanding human thought processes, a vision of cognition as the dialectic between persons-acting, and the settings in which their activity is constituted. The book will appeal to anthropologists, for its novel theory of the relation of cognition to culture and context; to cognitive scientists and educational theorists; and to the 'plain folks' who form its subject, and who will recognize themselves in it, a rare accomplishment in the modern social sciences.

The Dialogic Imagination: Four Essays

1982-01-01

Edward Wasiolek , M. M. Bakhtin , Michael Holquist +1 more

Acknowledgments A Note on Translation Introduction Epic and Novel From the Prehistory of Novelistic Discourse Forms of Time and of the Chronotope in the Novel Discourse in the Novel Glossary … Acknowledgments A Note on Translation Introduction Epic and Novel From the Prehistory of Novelistic Discourse Forms of Time and of the Chronotope in the Novel Discourse in the Novel Glossary Index

Strategies of Discourse Comprehension

1985-01-01

John J. Staczek , Teun A. van Dijk , Walter Kintsch

rhetorical schemata to be discussed in what follows. Finally, schemata are descriptions, not definitions. The ‘bus’ schema contains information that is nor- rhetorical schemata to be discussed in what follows. Finally, schemata are descriptions, not definitions. The ‘bus’ schema contains information that is nor-

Thematic proto-roles and argument selection

1991-09-01

David R. Dowty

As a novel attack on the perennially vexing questions of the theoretical status of thematic roles and the inventory of possible roles, this paper defends a strategy of basing accounts … As a novel attack on the perennially vexing questions of the theoretical status of thematic roles and the inventory of possible roles, this paper defends a strategy of basing accounts of roles on more unified domains of linguistic data than have been used in the past to motivate roles, addressing in particular the problem of ARGUMENT SELECTION (principles determining which roles are associated with which grammatical relations). It is concluded that the best theory for describing this domain is not a traditional system of discrete roles (Agent, Patient, Source, etc.) but a theory in which the only roles are two cluster-concepts called P ROTO -A GENT and P ROTO -P ATIENT , each characterized by a set of verbal entailments: an argument of a verb may bear either of the two proto-roles (or both) to varying degrees, according to the number of entailments of each kind the verb gives it. Both fine-grained and coarse-grained classes of verbal arguments (corresponding to traditional thematic roles and other classes as well) follow automatically, as do desired 'role hierarchies'. By examining occurrences of the 'same' verb with different argument configurations—e.g. two forms of psych predicates and object-oblique alternations as in the familiar spray/load class—it can also be argued that proto-roles act as defaults in the learning of lexical meanings. Are proto-role categories manifested elsewhere in language or as cognitive categories? If so, they might be a means of making grammar acquisition easier for the child, they might explain certain other typological and acquisitional observations, and they may lead to an account of contrasts between unaccusative and unergative intransitive verbs that does not rely on deriving unaccusatives from underlying direct objects.

II.—WHAT IS AN EMOTION ?

1884-01-01

William James

Journal Article II.—WHAT IS AN EMOTION ? Get access WILLIAM JAMES WILLIAM JAMES Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Mind, Volume os-IX, Issue 34, … Journal Article II.—WHAT IS AN EMOTION ? Get access WILLIAM JAMES WILLIAM JAMES Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Mind, Volume os-IX, Issue 34, 1 April 1884, Pages 188–205, https://doi.org/10.1093/mind/os-IX.34.188 Published: 01 April 1884

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The Role of Consciousness in Second Language Learning1

1990-06-01

R. W. SCHMIDT

Journal Article The Role of Consciousness in Second Language Learning1 Get access RICHARD W. SCHMIDT RICHARD W. SCHMIDT The University of Hawaiiat Manoa Search for other works by this author … Journal Article The Role of Consciousness in Second Language Learning1 Get access RICHARD W. SCHMIDT RICHARD W. SCHMIDT The University of Hawaiiat Manoa Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Applied Linguistics, Volume 11, Issue 2, June 1990, Pages 129–158, https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/11.2.129 Published: 01 June 1990 Article history Received: 01 July 1988 Published: 01 June 1990

The role of knowledge in discourse comprehension: A construction-integration model.

1988-01-01

Walter Kintsch

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses data concerning the time course of word identification in a discourse context. A simulation of arithmetic word-problem understanding provides a plausible account for some well-known … Publisher Summary This chapter discusses data concerning the time course of word identification in a discourse context. A simulation of arithmetic word-problem understanding provides a plausible account for some well-known phenomena. The current theories use representations with several mutually constraining layers. There is typically a linguistic level of representation, conceptual levels to represent both the local and global meaning and structure of a text, and a level at which the text itself has lost its individuality and its information content. Knowledge provides part of the context within which a discourse interpreted. The integration phase is the price the model pays for the necessary flexibility in the construction process.

Foundations of Cognitive Grammar

1988-01-01

Margaret E. Winters , Ronald W. Langacker

The contemporary theory of metaphor

1993-11-26

George Lakoff

These famous lines by Thomas and Stevens are examples of what classical theorists, at least since Aristotle, have referred to as metaphor: instances of novel poetic language in which words … These famous lines by Thomas and Stevens are examples of what classical theorists, at least since Aristotle, have referred to as metaphor: instances of novel poetic language in which words like "mother," "go," and "night" are not used in their normal everyday sense. In classical theories of language, metaphor was seen as a matter of language, not thought. Metaphorical expressions were assumed to be mutually exclusive with the realm of ordinary everday language: everyday language had no metaphor, and metaphor used mechanisms outside the realm of everyday conventional language.

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Referring as a collaborative process

1986-02-01

Herbert H. Clark , Deanna Wilkes-Gibbs

Poetics and Performances as Critical Perspectives on Language and Social Life

1990-10-01

Richard Bauman , Charles L. Briggs

Infrastructures are material forms that allow for the possibility of exchange over space. They are the physical networks through which goods, ideas, waste, power, people, and finance are trafficked. In … Infrastructures are material forms that allow for the possibility of exchange over space. They are the physical networks through which goods, ideas, waste, power, people, and finance are trafficked. In this article I trace the range of anthropological ...Read More

Studies of interference in serial verbal reactions.

1935-12-01

J. Ridley Stroop

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Concepts of Culture and Organizational Analysis

1983-09-01

Linda Smircich

Earlier versions of this paper were presented at the International Communication Association/Speech Communication Association Conference on Interpretive Approaches to Organizational Communication, Alta, Utah, July 1981, and the Eastern Academy of … Earlier versions of this paper were presented at the International Communication Association/Speech Communication Association Conference on Interpretive Approaches to Organizational Communication, Alta, Utah, July 1981, and the Eastern Academy of Management meetings, Baltimore, Maryland, May 1982. I would like to express special appreciation to Mike Pacanowsky and Linda Putnam for organizing the Interpretive Conference, which provided the impetus as well as encouragement for the development of these ideas. Thanks also to Gareth Morgan, Linda Pike, Lou Pondy, and Karl Weick for their various forms of inspiration. This paper examines the significance of the concept of culture for organizational analysis. The intersection of culturetheory and organization theory is evident in five current research themes: comparative management, corporate culture, organizational cognition, organizational symbolism, and unconscious processes and organization. Researchers pursue these themes for different purposes and their work is based on different assumptions about the nature of culture and organization. The task of evaluating the power and limitations of the concept of culture must be conducted within this assumptive context. This review demonstrates that the concept of culture takes organization analysis in several different and promising directions.

On Two Metaphors for Learning and the Dangers of Choosing Just One

1998-03-01

Anna Sfard

This article is a sequel to the conversation on learning initiated by the editors of Educational Researcher in volume 25, number 4. The author’s first aim is to elicit the … This article is a sequel to the conversation on learning initiated by the editors of Educational Researcher in volume 25, number 4. The author’s first aim is to elicit the metaphors for learning that guide our work as learners, teachers, and researchers. Two such metaphors are identified: the acquisition metaphor and the participation metaphor. Subsequently, their entailments are discussed and evaluated. Although some of the implications are deemed desirable and others are regarded as harmful, the article neither speaks against a particular metaphor nor tries to make a case for the other. Rather, these interpretations and applications of the metaphors undergo critical evaluation. In the end, the question of theoretical unification of the research on learning is addressed, wherein the purpose is to show how too great a devotion to one particular metaphor can lead to theoretical distortions and to undesirable practices.

Grounding language in action

2002-09-01

Arthur M. Glenberg , Michael P. Kaschak

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Relevance. Communication and cognition

1987-01-01

Petra Stoerig

The Language Instinct: How the Mind Creates Language

1994-01-01

Nolan Miller , Gerda Oldham , Steven Pinker

Imagery and Verbal Processes

1972-01-01

Árpád Mezei , Allan Paivio

A Natural history of negation

1990-11-01

Eva Hajičová

Verbal behavior.

1957-01-01

B. F. Skinner

Cultural Models in Language and Thought

1987-01-30

Dorothy Holland , Naomi Quinn

The papers in this volume, a multidisciplinary collaboration of anthropologists, linguists, and psychologists, explore the ways in which cultural knowledge is organized and used in everyday language and understanding. Employing … The papers in this volume, a multidisciplinary collaboration of anthropologists, linguists, and psychologists, explore the ways in which cultural knowledge is organized and used in everyday language and understanding. Employing a variety of methods, which rely heavily on linguistic data, the authors offer analyses of domains of knowledge ranging across the physical, social, and psychological worlds, and reveal the importance of tacit, presupposed knowledge in the conduct of everyday life. The authors argue that cultural knowledge is organized in 'cultural models' - storylike chains of prototypical events that unfold in simplified worlds - and explore the nature and role of these models. They demonstrate that cultural knowledge may take either proposition-schematic or image-schematic form, each enabling the performance of different kinds of cognitive tasks. Metaphor and metonymy are shown to have special roles in the construction of cultural models. The authors also demonstrates that some widely applicable cultural models recur nested within other, more special-purpose models. Finally, it is shown that shared models play a critical role in thinking, allowing humans to master, remember, and use the vast amount of knowledge required in everyday life. This innovative collection will appeal to anthropologists, linguists, psychologists, philosophers, students of artificial intelligence, and other readers interested in the processes of everyday human understanding.

Influence of Salience on Neural Responses in Metaphor Processing of Chinese Children with Autism: Evidence from ERPs

2025-06-25

Lulu Cheng , Xiaoxiao Wang , Haoran Mao +5 more | Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders

The interplay between cultural models and metaphor understanding: a cross-cultural cognitive perspective

2025-06-25

Jun Zou , Carol H. Fuller , L Wang | Frontiers in Psychology

In cross-cultural communication, accurate metaphor comprehension enhances mutual understanding and facilitates effective cooperation among individuals from diverse cultural backgrounds. This paper adopts a cross-cultural cognitive perspective and employs grounded theory … In cross-cultural communication, accurate metaphor comprehension enhances mutual understanding and facilitates effective cooperation among individuals from diverse cultural backgrounds. This paper adopts a cross-cultural cognitive perspective and employs grounded theory as the methodological framework to analyze how cultural models influence metaphor understanding. Through a coding analysis of 148 domestic and international texts, the study constructs a four-element model comprising thinking patterns, cognitive frameworks, language communication, and social consensus. Thinking patterns shape cognitive frameworks, which are articulated and transmitted through language communication, ultimately contributing to the formation of social consensus within cultural groups. These four interrelated elements work together to support deeper and more accurate metaphor comprehension in intercultural contexts. By integrating theory with empirical analysis, this study offers a novel conceptual framework for future research on metaphor in cross-cultural communication.

Second Language Shapes Emotional Facial Expression Perception, but Only When Words are Unmasked: Evidence from Masked and Unmasked Affective Priming Paradigms

2025-06-25

Chenggang Wu , Juan Zhang | Studia Psychologica

‘Wakaru’ and ‘Sitteru’ in Formulating Inquiries into Knowledge in Japanese Conversation

2025-06-25

Hyun-Jung Kwon , Ling Guanm | The Japanese Language Association Of Korea

Constructional approaches to creativity and productivity in English: Introduction

2025-06-24

Turo Vartiainen , Tanja Säily | English Language and Linguistics

Linguistic creativity and productivity have become active topics of research, especially amongst scholars who employ insights from Construction Grammar (CxG) in their analyses. The question of how creativity should be … Linguistic creativity and productivity have become active topics of research, especially amongst scholars who employ insights from Construction Grammar (CxG) in their analyses. The question of how creativity should be defined and operationalized has in particular emerged as a major point of discussion and debate (e.g. Hoffmann 2018, 2024; Bergs 2018; Bergs & Kompa 2020), and the psychological, contextual and interactional factors that underlie creative language use have received a great deal of attention in recent work (e.g. Hoffmann 2018, 2020, 2024; Herbst 2018; Turner 2018; Hartmann & Ungerer 2023). These studies have substantially increased our understanding of linguistic creativity and productivity, but there are still many open questions about their mutual relationship as well as their connection to related phenomena, such as extravagance (Haspelmath 1999; Eitelmann & Haumann 2022; Trousdale & Norde 2025). In this special issue, the authors investigate a variety of questions related to creative language use and productivity, each providing new insights into the ongoing discussion of the nature of linguistic innovation in the context of English.

Red Bull Gives You Wings at Work: How Context Transforms Metaphors Into Reality

2025-06-24

Olivia Petit , Carlos Velasco | Psychology and Marketing

ABSTRACT In advertising, visual metaphors often combine a target object (e.g., Red Bull) and a source object (e.g., wings) to convey meaning (e.g., “Red Bull gives you wings”). However, the … ABSTRACT In advertising, visual metaphors often combine a target object (e.g., Red Bull) and a source object (e.g., wings) to convey meaning (e.g., “Red Bull gives you wings”). However, the context in which these objects are placed is generally not considered. Our research shows that presenting the metaphor in either the target context (e.g., on the ground) or the source context (e.g., in the air) leads to different consumer responses. In two studies, we found that purchase intention and product choice are stronger when the source context is depicted rather than the target context. Additionally, representing the source object in the target context enhances purchase intention by improving comprehension. This impact of context and object on purchase intention is linked to the complexity of the metaphors. Metaphors that represent the target, whether through the object or the context, are less complex than those depicting only the source. These complexity differences influence how product attributes are emphasised in visual metaphors. Consumers more easily connect with utilitarian aspects through complex metaphors, while simpler metaphors effectively evoke hedonic associations. Theoretical and managerial implications of these findings are discussed.

Extravagant much? Syntactic creativity because Wayne’s World

2025-06-24

Alexander Bergs , Meike Pentrel | English Language and Linguistics

Abstract This article is a theoretically oriented discussion of noticeable creative syntactic innovations. On the basis of three case studies (the ‘X- much ’ construction ( racist much? ), the … Abstract This article is a theoretically oriented discussion of noticeable creative syntactic innovations. On the basis of three case studies (the ‘X- much ’ construction ( racist much? ), the ‘extrasentential not ’ construction ( I like this movie. Not. ) and the ‘ because X’ construction ( Can’t come to the party, because headache. )), we explore the idea that language users may deliberately create novel syntactic constructions by recycling and creatively blending existing constructions. At least two of the constructions discussed here (X much and extrasentential not ) are probably not products of informal, natural daily language use, but may have originated (or at least have been propagated) in well-crafted, scripted media language geared towards younger audiences, who in turn have spread these constructions in their communities and beyond. Because X seems to have taken a slightly different route. The main motivations for these three rather noticeable creative innovations may be the Maxim of Extravagance and the Maxim of Wittiness, in Keller’s (1994) sense. We suspect that because X is perhaps less noticeable, or deviant, and pragmatically more complex than the other two constructions, which provides their speakers with more ‘syntactic fireworks’.

Tied together, fried together: understanding semantic extensibility through semantic loss

2025-06-24

Hilke Ceuppens , Hendrik De Smet | English Language and Linguistics

Abstract Semantic extensibility captures the semantic side of productivity. It is the likelihood that a given sense of a linguistic expression will support extension to new senses. Even though linguistic … Abstract Semantic extensibility captures the semantic side of productivity. It is the likelihood that a given sense of a linguistic expression will support extension to new senses. Even though linguistic expressions are naturally polysemous, semantic extensibility is constrained. In previous literature, it has been argued that semantic extensions are motivated by mostly one-directional conceptual operations such as metaphor and metonymy, and that in any polysemous expression only one or a few so-called ‘sanctioning’ senses have privileged status in supporting new extensions. One factor believed to determine sanctioning status is high frequency. Drawing on three case studies from the history of English, involving change in the adjective awful , the preposition and adverb about and the multifunctional item so , this article provides diachronic evidence from semantic loss to support this view. On the one hand, it is shown that when old sanctioning senses go into decline, this also impacts the senses derived from them, underscoring the motivational relations that tie extended senses to sanctioning senses. On the other hand, what typically initiates a decline in a sanctioning sense is a frequency increase elsewhere in the polysemy network coincident with the emergence of a new sanctioning sense, underscoring the role of frequency in determining sanctioning status and the directionality of sanctioning relations.

On the relationship between linguistic creativity and change in morphological constructions

2025-06-24

Graeme Trousdale , Muriel Norde | English Language and Linguistics

Abstract In this article, we consider the relationship between conceptual blending, creativity and morphological change, within the framework of Diachronic Construction Morphology (DCxM; Norde & Trousdale 2023). In particular, we … Abstract In this article, we consider the relationship between conceptual blending, creativity and morphological change, within the framework of Diachronic Construction Morphology (DCxM; Norde & Trousdale 2023). In particular, we suggest that a refinement to models of creativity in the literature might help to account better for different types of morphological change (Norde & Trousdale 2024). This is achieved via a contrastive analysis of two different sets of changes: (a) the creation of English libfixes (Zwicky 2010; Norde & Sippach 2019), e.g. snowmaggedon and spooktacular , and (b) the development of Dutch pseudoparticiples (Norde & Trousdale 2024), e.g. bebrild ‘bespectacled’ and ontstekkerd ‘with all plugs removed’.

Imperfective aspect in Chinese conversation: do speakers imitate one another’s constructions?

2025-06-24

Qianrui Chen , Vittorio Tantucci , Ruoyu Chen | Cognitive Linguistics

Abstract Speakers constantly align with one another in interaction (Pickering, M. J. & S. Garrod. 2022. Priming, prediction, and the psychological foundations of dialogue. Language, Cognition and Neuroscience 37(1). 15–37). … Abstract Speakers constantly align with one another in interaction (Pickering, M. J. & S. Garrod. 2022. Priming, prediction, and the psychological foundations of dialogue. Language, Cognition and Neuroscience 37(1). 15–37). They mirror and adjust to what others say to engage cognitively and socially. One common way to do so is through dialogic resonance, that is when speakers re-use the constructions produced by their interlocutors (Du Bois, J. W. 2014. Towards a dialogic syntax. Cognitive Linguistics 25(3). 359–410; Tantucci, V. 2023a. Resonance and recombinant creativity: Why they are important for research in Cognitive Linguistics and Pragmatics. Intercultural Pragmatics 20(4). 347–376). This paper focuses on how Chinese speakers resonate with one another’s imperfective constructions in naturalistic interaction. We found that increasing linguistic material between the resonated and the resonating construction inhibits durative imperfectivity (aspectually vaguer) in contrast with focal imperfectivity (more detailed and time-bound). This suggests that working memory in dialogue does a better job at encoding specific, ongoing phases of an event ( she was just entering the apartment ) rather than generic, durative states ( she lived in that apartment for years ). We found that resonance increases with constructional complexity: the longer the imperfective construction, the higher an interlocutor’s engagement with that construction. Information structure also plays a role: imperfectives with transitive or locative objects show a stronger priming effect than objectless imperfectives. Finally, we found sociolinguistic correlations among imperfective construction types, as the postverbal 着 zhe , sentence-final 呢 ne are used distinctively by Northern speakers, while Southerners show a preference for preverbal 在 zài used alone or as part of a larger construction.

Cross-Linguistic Insights into Idiomatic Expressions: A Case of Human Body Idioms in English and Indonesian

2025-06-24

Masagus Sulaiman , Indawan Syahri , Mutiara Fadhilah | Journal of English Education

Idiomatic expressions are essential parts of natural language use, helping speakers express complex ideas, emotions, and cultural values more effectively. However, they can pose difficulties for language learners due to … Idiomatic expressions are essential parts of natural language use, helping speakers express complex ideas, emotions, and cultural values more effectively. However, they can pose difficulties for language learners due to their figurative nature and cultural dependency. This study aimed at finding out the similarities and differences between English and Indonesian idiomatic expressions. of human body. In this study, the researchers used a qualitative research design. The documentation technique was used to collect the data from primary and secondary data sources related to English and Indonesian Idiomatic expression books and journal. To analyse the data, thematic analysis was applied. The results showed that there were seventeen similarities in terms of nine in meanings and eight in forms, as well as six differences in word choices in terms of three in meanings and three in forms. In conclusion, the similarities between English and Indonesian idiomatic expressions. of human body make no problems for students to learn English and Indonesian idiomatic expressions. Yet, the differences between English and Indonesian idiomatic expressions. of human body make students difficult to learn English and Indonesian idiomatic expressions.

Translating (Metaphors) in the Age of AI: Opportunities, Challenges, and Implications for the EFL Classroom

2025-06-24

Marija Brala-Vukanović | ELOPE English Language Overseas Perspectives and Enquiries

The paper explores the use of AI translation tools in EFL classrooms, focusing on metaphor translation. We investigate the attitudes of first- and third-year English students at the University of … The paper explores the use of AI translation tools in EFL classrooms, focusing on metaphor translation. We investigate the attitudes of first- and third-year English students at the University of Rijeka, Croatia, towards AI tools and evaluate three platforms: Google Translate, ChatGPT, and Glosbe, regarding their ability to accurately translate metaphors. The findings show a generally positive student disposition towards AI tools but also highlight frequent inaccuracies in AI-generated metaphor translations. We discuss the implications of these results for EFL teaching, emphasizing the potential value of error correction as a pedagogical tool. Our analysis suggests that the limitations of AI tools can serve as valuable pedagogical resources for fostering critical engagement, improving students’ understanding of culturally and contextually impregnated language, and enhancing their linguistic skills. Our findings underscore the need for an urgent and systematic integration of AI tools into classrooms.

Translating affective manifestation

2025-06-23

Yi-Chiao Chen | FORUM Revue internationale d’interprétation et de traduction / International Journal of Interpretation and Translation

Abstract This study explores how affective manifestations are translated and received by studying the intra-ethnic, inter-ethnic, and social/political tensions presented in Alfian Sa’at’s Malay Sketches . The results reveal that … Abstract This study explores how affective manifestations are translated and received by studying the intra-ethnic, inter-ethnic, and social/political tensions presented in Alfian Sa’at’s Malay Sketches . The results reveal that Alfian used relevant scenarios and encounters as the prevalent means of affective manifestation, with translanguaging narration and conversation. Additionally, Alfian utilized cultural and historical references featured more often in stories about inter-ethnic tension and social/political tension, respectively. Regarding affective reception among ST and TT audiences, authors may wish to convey affects to readers to motivate them to take action, which is enabled by the process of affective reception, encompassing (1) the cognizance of the intended affect and (2) the perception of empathy. In addition, the translator of Malay Sketches acts as a mediator to simultaneously attend to linguistic and cultural transmissions. To fill the contextual lacuna and ensure the successful delivery of intended affects, the translator often employs annotation and alteration strategies.

A multimodal analysis of a Japanese TV commercial

2025-06-23

Kuniyoshi Kataoka | Pragmatics and Society

Abstract By examining a popular Japanese TV commercial as an archetypal example of discursive practice, this paper shows that quotidian discourse is poetically organized and achieved through multimodally accumulated preferences … Abstract By examining a popular Japanese TV commercial as an archetypal example of discursive practice, this paper shows that quotidian discourse is poetically organized and achieved through multimodally accumulated preferences in order to maximize appeal for anticipated recipients. Building on this assumption, a linguistic anthropological approach, called ‘ethnopoetics’, is adopted and modified to elucidate the cultural norms and assumptions embedded in layered ‘texts’. Specifically, focus is given to verbal, visual, aural, and somatic elements in the commercial, and an attempt is made to elucidate the multi-layered coordination of these semiotic resources, which eventually evokes an underlying social configuration, called ‘interactional text’.

Metaforer må brukes med forsiktighet

2025-06-23

Magne Nylenna , Erlend Hem | Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening

Making the Communication Metaphor Visible

2025-06-22

| State University of New York Press eBooks

How Is the Communication Metaphor Perpetuated and Maintained?

2025-06-22

| State University of New York Press eBooks

Where Does the Communication Metaphor Come From?

2025-06-22

| State University of New York Press eBooks

Researching Chinese Doctoral Students’ Experiences in English Academic Writing: A Metaphor Analysis

2025-06-22

Liu Yuyao , Cao Shuo , Wang Ao +1 more | Arab World English Journal

In writing and publishing English academic papers, EFL doctoral students face many challenges, especially in meeting rigorous standards and overcoming language barriers. There are increasing relevant studies on academic writing … In writing and publishing English academic papers, EFL doctoral students face many challenges, especially in meeting rigorous standards and overcoming language barriers. There are increasing relevant studies on academic writing pedagogy in the EFL context, but research from the emic perspective of students’ cognition in this process remains insufficient. With metaphor as a powerful tool to reflect psychological representation, metaphor analysis is frequently used in educational contexts to reflect students’ and teachers’ inner thoughts. Therefore, this study, using metaphor analysis, aims to explore EFL doctoral students’ metaphor representations of their English academic writing (EAW) experiences. There are two research questions: what kind of metaphors students use to characterize their EAW experience, and what cognitive, emotive, and behavioral features can be found. Eighty-eight Chinese doctoral students from one of China’s top universities participated in a questionnaire survey, where metaphors were collected through the elicited question: “English academic writing is like……because……”. Five source domains were found to characterize the target domain: CONSTRUCTION, MOVEMENT, NOURISHMENT, ACTIVITY, and WORK. Some common features were found despite individuals’ different expressions. The present study offers a new perspective for understanding students’ cognitions and feelings in EAW potentially contributing to EAP pedagogy.

Experiments in Imagining a Post–Communication Metaphor World

2025-06-22

| State University of New York Press eBooks

What Does the Communication Metaphor Mean?

2025-06-22

| State University of New York Press eBooks

Postcolonial Symbolic Representation in Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness: A Cognitive-Semantic Study

2025-06-21

Athraa AL-Fatlawi , Hasan Abu-Krooz | Arab World English Journal

This study investigates the postcolonial metaphoric symbolism that appears in Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness by employing cognitive-semantic theoretical analysis. Through symbolic acts, the book shows how colonial power systems … This study investigates the postcolonial metaphoric symbolism that appears in Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness by employing cognitive-semantic theoretical analysis. Through symbolic acts, the book shows how colonial power systems and resistance provide their encoding by using conceptual metaphors together with image schemas. The first research questions focus on how cognitive-semantic models describe postcolonial symbolic actions and how those methods work when analyzing Heart of Darkness. The research adapts cognitive semantics and postcolonial theory as its methodological base to evaluate political, cultural and social symbolic acts through Conceptual Metaphor Theory and Image Schema Theory. Social symbolic acts prevail throughout the text as the novel focuses on the dehumanization experienced by colonized subjects and imperial oppression alongside political and cultural symbolic acts that use structured and ontological metaphors to maintain imperial narratives. The research enhances postcolonial literary analysis through cognitive-semantic methods, which explain colonial discourse symbols better. Studies should investigate how cognitive semantics applies to multiple postcolonial literary works to better investigate the relations between language and power structures and ideological forces.

AN EXPLORATION OF MULTIMODAL METAPHOR IN VINACAFÉ ADVERTISEMENTS: A TASTE OF VIETNAMESE CULTURE

2025-06-21

Thanh Hai Dong , Trương Viên , Văn Huy Nguyễn | HUE UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF SCIENCE SOCIAL SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES

This study examined the use of multimodal metaphors in Vinacafé’s advertising campaigns from 2004 to 2022, analyzing how visual, auditory, and verbal elements combined to construct compelling narratives that resonated … This study examined the use of multimodal metaphors in Vinacafé’s advertising campaigns from 2004 to 2022, analyzing how visual, auditory, and verbal elements combined to construct compelling narratives that resonated with Vietnamese cultural values. By utilizing Conceptual Metaphor Theory (Lakoff & Johnson, 1980), Multimodal Discourse Analysis (Kress & van Leeuwen, 2001), and Forceville’s (2009) framework for multimodal metaphor analysis, this research explored how Vinacafé’s advertisements transcended simple product promotion to act as rich cultural symbols. Through a mixed-methods approach of quantitative and qualitative analyses, the study evaluated the frequency and types of metaphors across different modalities and examined their effectiveness in shaping consumer perceptions. Findings indicated that Vinacafé strategically employed metaphors such as "COFFEE IS NATURE," "COFFEE IS LOVE," "COFFEE IS STRENGTH," and "COFFEE IS TRADITION" to reinforce brand identity, foster emotional engagement, and enhance cultural resonance. This approach provided valuable insights for enhancing consumer loyalty and developing culturally grounded advertising strategies. Key words: Multimodal metaphor, Vinacafé, Vietnamese culture, advertising strategies, brand loyalty.

Species-conceptual word associations: effects on representation and memory

2025-06-20

HuaWei Hu , Yongjie Yan , Yiping Wei | Current Psychology

A Cross-Cultural Study of Metaphor Use in Risk Factor Disclosures: Comparing Chinese and American Photovoltaic Companies IPO Prospectuses

2025-06-20

Yuan Liu | Communications in Humanities Research

This study combines Conceptual Metaphor Theory from cognitive linguistics, Grammatical Metaphor Theory from functional linguistics, and High-Low Context Theory from cross-cultural communication to conduct a comparative analysis of the metaphors … This study combines Conceptual Metaphor Theory from cognitive linguistics, Grammatical Metaphor Theory from functional linguistics, and High-Low Context Theory from cross-cultural communication to conduct a comparative analysis of the metaphors used in the risk disclosure sections of IPO prospectuses of Chinese and American photovoltaic enterprises listed in the United States. It focuses on exploring the potential cross-cultural understanding barriers that Chinese enterprises metaphor usage may pose to low-context investors. To this end, this study collected risk disclosure content from the prospectuses of six representative photovoltaic enterprises listed in the United States (three Chinese and three American) and established a corpus based on this data. In light of the characteristics of photovoltaic enterprises, this study specifically examines three types of risks: market, subsidies and policies, and costs and technology. From the perspectives of Conceptual Metaphor Theory and Grammatical Metaphor Theory, it identifies the use of metaphors in relevant risk statements and analyzes the difficulty of cross-cultural understanding based on High-Low Context Theory. Finally, this study proposes a method for calculating the degree of difficulty in cross-cultural understanding of the text and conducts a quantitative comparative analysis of the overall difficulty of cross-cultural understanding of different metaphor types and different risk types in the corpus. Through quantitative comparison and analysis, it is found that among different metaphor types, the passive voice poses the greatest difficulty in cross-cultural understanding; and within the content of risk disclosure, subsidies and policy risks have the highest overall difficulty in cross-cultural understanding, which requires special attention.

Exploring the Mythical Imagination: A Comparative Analysis of British Romantic Literature and Mythological Narratives

2025-06-20

Alaa Kareem Abed , María Luisa Carrió Pastor | Journal of Asian Multicultural Research for Social Sciences Study

This study embarks on a captivating journey into the intricate realm of British Romantic Literature, where the mythical imagination of poets and writers intertwines with age-old mythological narratives. With the … This study embarks on a captivating journey into the intricate realm of British Romantic Literature, where the mythical imagination of poets and writers intertwines with age-old mythological narratives. With the aim of illuminating the profound connections between these two seemingly distinct domains, this comparative analysis delves into the creative works of renowned British Romantic authors and their engagement with mythological themes. The exploration of these intersections reveals a nuanced understanding of how myth, imagination, and literature intersect, resulting in an enriched tapestry of storytelling that transcends temporal boundaries. Our investigation commences by delving into the works of iconic Romantic figures such as John Keats, William Wordsworth, and Mary Shelley, among others. These authors, influenced by the mythological traditions of both ancient and contemporary cultures, craft narratives that resonate with timeless themes of heroism, creation, and transcendence. We analyze their poetry and prose, exploring how mythological elements infuse depth and meaning into their literary creations, ultimately offering insights into the Romantic movement's underlying mythopoeic tendencies. Furthermore, our comparative approach extends beyond the examination of individual authors to encompass the collective Romantic imagination. By analyzing recurring motifs, archetypes, and narrative structures across British Romantic Literature, we unveil the collective mythical consciousness that permeates this period. This study offers a new perspective on how the Romantic poets and novelists collectively reimagined and reshaped mythological traditions to reflect the unique cultural and societal context of their time. This exploration of the mythical imagination in British Romantic Literature highlights the enduring relevance of myth in shaping human creativity, narrative, and cultural discourse.

Abstract: Exploring Clytemnestra’s Voice and Myth through the Dialogics of Genre: Tracing Evolutionary Tendencies from Classical Genres to the Victorian Monologue (1855) and Contemporary Revisionist Novels (2017-2023)

2025-06-20

Helena SÁNCHEZ GAYOSO | Deleted Journal

A Comparative Study on the Cultural Connotations of English and Chinese Plant Words

2025-06-20

M. Huang | Pacific International Journal

It is widely acknowledged that language serves as a carrier of culture. Rooted in unique cultural backgrounds and conveying specific cultural connotations, words worldwide represent the most fundamental and flexible … It is widely acknowledged that language serves as a carrier of culture. Rooted in unique cultural backgrounds and conveying specific cultural connotations, words worldwide represent the most fundamental and flexible elements of languages. The relationship between humanity and nature is interdependent, and plant culture is closely intertwined with connected to human life. Indeed, the appreciation of plants and the cultivation of aesthetic sensibilities have become meaningful pursuits for many individuals. This is attributable to two key aspects: First, owing to their significantly practical value, bamboos in nature are used to craft tableware, and flower petals serve as important ingredients in certain foods. Plants also play an essential role in air purification, thus rendering them indispensable to human life. Second, people often project their emotions and aspirations onto plants because of the latter’s distinctive shapes and growth habits. However, due to differences in cognitive patterns, religious beliefs, natural environments, and aesthetic values, plant-related vocabulary in English and Chinese embodies different cultural meanings. With the escalating global interaction, understanding the cultural connotations of plants is crucial to avoiding misunderstandings and facilitating effective cross-cultural communication. Cultural blending itself can transcend linguistic barriers and promote the construction of a global village. This essay explores the connotations, similarities and differences, social determinants, and significance of plant words to illuminate their distinct cultural interpretations.

Natural disasters elicit spontaneous multimodal iconicity in onomatopoeia and gesture: Earthquake narratives from Nepal and New Zealand

2025-06-19

Lauren Gawne , Kristine A. Hildebrandt , Suzy J Styles | Australian Journal of Linguistics