Medicine › Dermatology

Skin Protection and Aging

Works Count: 48495

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Description

This cluster of papers explores the mechanisms of skin aging and photodamage, focusing on the effects of UV radiation, oxidative stress, skin cancer, photoaging, antioxidants, collagen production, sunscreen use, matrix metalloproteinases, DNA damage, and topical protection.

Keywords

UV Radiation; Oxidative Stress; Skin Cancer; Photoaging; Antioxidants; Collagen Production; Sunscreen Use; Matrix Metalloproteinases; DNA Damage; Topical Protection

Review: Ultraviolet radiation and skin cancer

2010-08-30

Deevya L. Narayanan , Rao N. Saladi , Joshua Fox

Abstract Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer in fair‐skinned populations in many parts of the world. The incidence, morbidity and mortality rates of skin cancers are increasing … Abstract Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer in fair‐skinned populations in many parts of the world. The incidence, morbidity and mortality rates of skin cancers are increasing and, therefore, pose a significant public health concern. Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is the major etiologic agent in the development of skin cancers. UVR causes DNA damage and genetic mutations, which subsequently lead to skin cancer. A clearer understanding of UVR is crucial in the prevention of skin cancer. This article reviews UVR, its damaging effects on the skin and its relationship to UV immunosuppression and skin cancer. Several factors influence the amount of UVR reaching the earth’s surface, including ozone depletion, UV light elevation, latitude, altitude, and weather conditions. The current treatment modalities utilizing UVR (i.e. phototherapy) can also predispose to skin cancers. Unnecessary exposure to the sun and artificial UVR (tanning lamps) are important personal attributable risks. This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of skin cancer with an emphasis on carefully evaluated statistics, the epidemiology of UVR‐induced skin cancers, incidence rates, risk factors, and preventative behaviors & strategies, including personal behavioral modifications and public educational initiatives.

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THE DETERMINATION OF COLLAGEN AND ELASTIN IN TISSUES

1950-10-01

R. E. Neuman , Milan A. Logan

CYTOCHEMICAL STUDIES OF MAMMALIAN TISSUES

1948-02-01

George H. Hogeboom , Walter Schneider , George E. Pallade

Decreased Collagen Production in Chronologically Aged Skin

2006-06-01

James Varani , Michael K. Dame , Laure Rittié +4 more

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UV-light-induced signal cascades and skin aging

2002-09-01

Laure Rittié

The epidemiology of UV induced skin cancer

2001-10-01

Bruce K. Armstrong , Anne Kricker

The Vancouver Scar Scale: An Administration Tool and Its Interrater Reliability

1995-09-01

Mary Jo Baryza , Gregory A. Baryza

The Burn Scar Index, often called the Vancouver Scar Scale, is widely used in clinical practice and research to document change in scar appearance. Several sections of the Index require … The Burn Scar Index, often called the Vancouver Scar Scale, is widely used in clinical practice and research to document change in scar appearance. Several sections of the Index require equipment to accurately score the items. Additionally, the numeric scores are difficult to remember. We recently devised a pocket-sized tool to aid in scoring the scar and to increase staff compliance in use of the Index. With this tool interrater reliability is good, which makes the Burn Scar Index a viable measure for research.

Leukotrienes promote plasma leakage and leukocyte adhesion in postcapillary venules: in vivo effects with relevance to the acute inflammatory response.

1981-06-01

Sven‐Erik Dahlén , J Björk , Per Hedqvist +4 more

Leukotrienes B4, C4, and D4, members of a recently discovered family of substances biosynthesized from arachidonic acid, were found to have potent microvascular actions in the hamster cheek pouch. When … Leukotrienes B4, C4, and D4, members of a recently discovered family of substances biosynthesized from arachidonic acid, were found to have potent microvascular actions in the hamster cheek pouch. When applied topically to the vascular network, leukotrienes C4 and D4 caused an intense constriction of arterioles, being similar to angiotensin in potency in this respect. The vasoconstriction induced by leukotrienes C4 and D4 was short-lived, and it was consistently followed by a marked and dose-dependent extravasation of macromolecules from postcapillary venules. Histamine did not constrict arterioles, but it elicited leakage of plasma, although on a molar basis it was no more than 1/1000th as potent as the leukotrienes. When used in the same concentration range as leukotrienes C4 and D4, leukotriene B4 did not evoke vasoconstriction or promote plasma leakage. On the other hand, leukotriene B4 caused a conspicuous and reversible adhesion of leukocytes to the endothelium in postcapillary venules. Our findings that leukotrienes induce microcirculatory alterations in vivo, closely resembling the early events in the acute inflammatory response, imply that leukotrienes, formed in several blood-borne and tissue-bound cells, may mediate important microcirculatory adjustments to noxious stimuli.

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Molecular basis of sun-induced premature skin ageing and retinoid antagonism

1996-01-01

Gary J. Fisher , Subhash C. Datta , Harvinder Talwar +4 more

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Epidermal Thickness at Different Body Sites: Relationship to Age, Gender, Pigmentation, Blood Content, Skin Type and Smoking Habits

2003-11-01

Jane Sandby‐Møller , Thomas Poulsen , Hans Christian Wulf

Epidermal thickness and its relationship to age, gender, skin type, pigmentation, blood content, smoking habits and body site is important in dermatologic research and was investigated in this study. Biopsies … Epidermal thickness and its relationship to age, gender, skin type, pigmentation, blood content, smoking habits and body site is important in dermatologic research and was investigated in this study. Biopsies from three different body sites of 71 human volunteers were obtained, and thickness of the stratum corneum and cellular epidermis was measured microscopically using a preparation technique preventing tissue damage. Multiple regressions analysis was used to evaluate the effect of the various factors independently of each other. Mean (SD) thickness of the stratum corneum was 18.3 (4.9) microm at the dorsal aspect of the forearm, 11.0 (2.2) microm at the shoulder and 14.9 (3.4) microm at the buttock. Corresponding values for the cellular epidermis were 56.6 (11.5) microm, 70.3 (13.6) microm and 81.5 (15.7) microm, respectively. Body site largely explains the variation in epidermal thickness, but also a significant individual variation was observed. Thickness of the stratum corneum correlated positively to pigmentation (p = 0.0008) and negatively to the number of years of smoking (p < 0.0001). Thickness of the cellular epidermis correlated positively to blood content (P = 0.028) and was greater in males than in females (P < 0.0001). Epidermal thickness was not correlated to age or skin type.

Regulation of terminal differentiation of cultured human keratinocytes by vitamin A

1981-09-01

Elaine Fuchs , Howard Green

Ultraviolet radiation and skin aging: roles of reactive oxygen species, inflammation and protease activation, and strategies for prevention of inflammation‐induced matrix degradation – a review

2005-02-01

Sreekumar Pillai , Christian Oresajo , James Hayward

Inflammation and the resulting accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in the intrinsic and photoaging of human skin in vivo. Environmental insults such as ultraviolet (UV) … Inflammation and the resulting accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in the intrinsic and photoaging of human skin in vivo. Environmental insults such as ultraviolet (UV) rays from sun, cigarette smoke exposure and pollutants, and the natural process of aging contribute to the generation of free radicals and ROS that stimulate the inflammatory process in the skin. UV irradiation initiates and activates a complex cascade of biochemical reactions in human skin. In short, UV causes depletion of cellular antioxidants and antioxidant enzymes (SOD, catalase), initiates DNA damage leading to the formation of thymidine dimmers, activates the neuroendocrine system leading to immunosuppression and release of neuroendocrine mediators, and causes increased synthesis and release of pro-inflammatory mediators from a variety of skin cells. The pro-inflammatory mediators increase the permeability of capillaries leading to infiltration and activation of neutrophils and other phagocytic cells into the skin. The net result of all these effects is inflammation and free radical generation (both reactive oxygen and nitrogen species). Furthermore, elastsases and other proteases (cathepsin G) released from neutrophils cause further inflammation, and activation of matrix metalloproteases. The inflammation further activates the transcription of various matrixes degrading metalloproteases, leading to abnormal matrix degradation and accumulation of non-functional matrix components. In addition, the inflammation and ROS cause oxidative damage to cellular proteins, lipids and carbohydrates, which accumulates in the dermal and epidermal compartments, contributing to the aetiology of photoaging. Strategies to prevent photodamage caused by this cascade of reactions initiated by UV include: prevention of UV penetration into skin by physical and chemical sunscreens, prevention/reduction of inflammation using anti-inflammatory compounds (e.g. cyclooxygenase inhibitors, inhibitors of cytokine generation); scavenging and quenching of ROS by antioxidants; inhibition of neutrophil elastase activity to prevent extracellular matrix damage and activation of matrix metalloproteases (MMPs), and inhibition of MMP expression (e.g. by retinoids) and activity (e.g. by natural and synthetic inhibitors).

Direct and indirect effects of UV radiation on DNA and its components

2001-10-01

Jean‐Luc Ravanat , Thierry Douki , Jean Cadet

Mutations induced by ultraviolet light

2005-01-25

Gerd P. Pfeifer , Young‐Hyun You , Ahmad Besaratinia

Mechanisms of Photoaging and Chronological Skin Aging

2002-11-01

Gary J. Fisher , Sewon Kang , James Varani +4 more

Human skin, like all other organs, undergoes chronological aging. In addition, unlike other organs, skin is in direct contact with the environment and therefore undergoes aging as a consequence of … Human skin, like all other organs, undergoes chronological aging. In addition, unlike other organs, skin is in direct contact with the environment and therefore undergoes aging as a consequence of environmental damage. The primary environmental factor that causes human skin aging is UV irradiation from the sun. This sun-induced skin aging (photoaging), like chronological aging, is a cumulative process. However, unlike chronological aging, which depends on the passage of time per se, photoaging depends primarily on the degree of sun exposure and skin pigment. Individuals who have outdoor lifestyles, live in sunny climates, and are lightly pigmented will experience the greatest degree of photoaging. During the last decade, substantial progress has been made in understanding cellular and molecular mechanisms that bring about chronological aging and photoaging. This emerging information reveals that chronological aging and photoaging share fundamental molecular pathways. These new insights regarding convergence of the molecular basis of chronological aging and photoaging provide exciting new opportunities for the development of new anti-aging therapies. This article reviews our current understanding and presents new data about the molecular pathways that mediate skin damage by UV irradiation and by the passage of time.

Titanium dioxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles in sunscreens: focus on their safety and effectiveness

2011-10-01

Threes G. M. Smijs , Pavel Pavel

Abstract: Sunscreens are used to provide protection against adverse effects of ultraviolet (UV)B (290–320 nm) and UVA (320–400 nm) radiation. According to the United States Food and Drug Administration, the … Abstract: Sunscreens are used to provide protection against adverse effects of ultraviolet (UV)B (290–320 nm) and UVA (320–400 nm) radiation. According to the United States Food and Drug Administration, the protection factor against UVA should be at least one-third of the overall sun protection factor. Titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) and zinc oxide (ZnO) minerals are frequently employed in sunscreens as inorganic physical sun blockers. As TiO 2 is more effective in UVB and ZnO in the UVA range, the combination of these particles assures a broad-band UV protection. However, to solve the cosmetic drawback of these opaque sunscreens, microsized TiO 2 and ZnO have been increasingly replaced by TiO 2 and ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) (<100 nm). This review focuses on significant effects on the UV attenuation of sunscreens when microsized TiO 2 and ZnO particles are replaced by NPs and evaluates physicochemical aspects that affect effectiveness and safety of NP sunscreens. With the use of TiO 2 and ZnO NPs, the undesired opaqueness disappears but the required balance between UVA and UVB protection can be altered. Utilization of mixtures of micro- and nanosized ZnO dispersions and nanosized TiO 2 particles may improve this situation. Skin exposure to NP-containing sunscreens leads to incorporation of TiO 2 and ZnO NPs in the stratum corneum, which can alter specific NP attenuation properties due to particle–particle, particle–skin, and skin–particle–light physicochemical interactions. Both sunscreen NPs induce (photo)cyto- and genotoxicity and have been sporadically observed in viable skin layers especially in case of long-term exposures and ZnO. Photocatalytic effects, the highest for anatase TiO 2 , cannot be completely prevented by coating of the particles, but silica-based coatings are most effective. Caution should still be exercised when new sunscreens are developed and research that includes sunscreen NP stabilization, chronic exposures, and reduction of NPs' free-radical production should receive full attention. Keywords: skin barrier, TiO 2 , ZnO, nanoparticles, physicochemical, scattering, blue shift, UV-radiation, (photo) toxicity, cancer

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Standard classification of rosacea: Report of the National Rosacea Society Expert Committee on the Classification and Staging of Rosacea

2002-04-01

Jonathan K. Wilkin , Mark V. Dahl , Michael Detmar +4 more

Aging decreases the capacity of human skin to produce vitamin D3.

1985-10-01

Julia A. MacLaughlin , Michael F. Holick

An evaluation of surgically obtained skin (age range, 8-92 yr) revealed that there is an age-dependent decrease in the epidermal concentrations of provitamin D3 (7-dehydrocholesterol). To ascertain that aging indeed … An evaluation of surgically obtained skin (age range, 8-92 yr) revealed that there is an age-dependent decrease in the epidermal concentrations of provitamin D3 (7-dehydrocholesterol). To ascertain that aging indeed decreased the capacity of human skin to produce vitamin D3, some of the skin samples were exposed to ultraviolet radiation and the content of previtamin D3 was determined in the epidermis and dermis. The epidermis in the young and older subjects was the major site for the formation of previtamin D3, accounting for greater than 80% of the total previtamin D3 that was produced in the skin. A comparison of the amount of previtamin D3 produced in the skin from the 8- and 18-yr-old subjects with the amount produced in the skin from the 77- and 82-yr-old subjects revealed that aging can decrease by greater than twofold the capacity of the skin to produce previtamin D3. Recognition of this difference may be extremely important for the elderly, who infrequently expose a small area of skin to sunlight and who depend on this exposure for their vitamin D nutritional needs.

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Biogeography and individuality shape function in the human skin metagenome

2014-09-30

Julia Oh , Allyson L. Byrd , Clay Deming +3 more

Occurrence of Some Organic UV Filters in Wastewater, in Surface Waters, and in Fish from Swiss Lakes

2005-01-12

Marianne E. Balmer , Hans-Rudolf Buser , Markus D. Müller +1 more

Organic UV filters are used in personal care products such as sunscreen products, and in cosmetics, beauty creams, skin lotions, lipsticks, hair sprays, hair dyes, shampoos, and so forth. The … Organic UV filters are used in personal care products such as sunscreen products, and in cosmetics, beauty creams, skin lotions, lipsticks, hair sprays, hair dyes, shampoos, and so forth. The compounds enter the aquatic environment from showering, wash-off, washing (laundering), and so forth via wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) ("indirect inputs") and from recreational activities such as swimming and bathing in lakes and rivers ("direct inputs"). In this study, we investigated the occurrence of four important organic UV filter compounds (benzophenone-3, BP-3; 4-methylbenzylidene camphor, 4-MBC; ethylhexyl methoxy cinnamate, EHMC; octocrylene, OC) in wastewater, and in water and fish from various Swiss lakes, using gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric analyses. All four UV filters were present in untreated wastewater (WWTP influent) with a maximum concentration of 19 μg L-1 for EHMC. The data indicate a seasonal variation with influent loads higher in the warmer season (June 2002) than in the colder one (April 2002). The influent loads were in the order EHMC > 4-MBC ∼ BP-3 > OC. The concentrations in treated wastewater (WWTP effluent) were considerably lower, indicating substantial elimination in the plants. 4-MBC was usually the most prevalent compound (maximum concentration, 2.7 μg L-1), followed by BP-3, EHMC, and OC. UV filters were also detected in Swiss midland lakes and a river (Limmat) receiving inputs from WWTPs and recreational activities. However, all concentrations were low (<2−35 ng L-1); no UV filters (<2 ng L-1) were detected in a remote mountain lake. Data from passive sampling using semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs) supported the presence of these UV filters in the lakes and the river and suggested some potential for accumulation of these compounds in biota. SPMD-derived water concentra tions increased in the order Greifensee < Zürichsee < Hüttnersee. This order is reversed from that observed for methyl triclosan, used as a chemical marker for WWTP-derived lipophilic contaminants in the lakes. This indicated inputs of UV filters from sources other than WWTPs to the lakes during summer, for example, inputs from recreational activities. Fish (white fish, Coregonus sp.; roach, Rutilus rutilus; perch, Perca fluviatilis) from these lakes contained low but detectable concentrations of UV filters, in particular, 4-MBC (up to 166 ng g-1 on a lipid basis). 4-MBC concentrations relative to methyl triclosan were lower in fish than in SPMDs exposed in the same lakes, suggesting that 4-MBC is less bioaccumulated than expected or metabolized in fish. The lipid-based bioconcentration factor (BCFL) estimated from the fish (roach) data and SPMD-derived water concentrations was about 1−2.3 × 104 and thus approximately 1 order of magnitude lower than expected from its Kow value.

Photoageing: mechanism, prevention and therapy

2007-08-18

Mina Yaar , Barbara A. Gilchrest

Photoageing is the superposition of chronic ultraviolet (UV)-induced damage on intrinsic ageing and accounts for most age-associated changes in skin appearance. It is triggered by receptor-initiated signalling, mitochondrial damage, protein … Photoageing is the superposition of chronic ultraviolet (UV)-induced damage on intrinsic ageing and accounts for most age-associated changes in skin appearance. It is triggered by receptor-initiated signalling, mitochondrial damage, protein oxidation and telomere-based DNA damage responses. Photodamaged skin displays variable epidermal thickness, dermal elastosis, decreased/fragmented collagen, increased matrix-degrading metalloproteinases, inflammatory infiltrates and vessel ectasia. The development of cosmetically pleasing sunscreens that protect against both UVA and UVB irradiation as well as products such as tretinoin that antagonize the UV signalling pathways leading to photoageing are major steps forward in preventing and reversing photoageing. Improved understanding of the skin's innate UV protective mechanisms has also given rise to several novel treatment concepts that promise to revolutionize this field within the coming decade. Such advances should not only allow for the improved appearance of skin in middle age and beyond, but also greatly reduce the accompanying burden of skin cancer.

Ultraviolet Light and Osmotic Stress: Activation of the JNK Cascade Through Multiple Growth Factor and Cytokine Receptors

1996-11-15

Caridad Rosette , Michael Karin

Exposure of mammalian cells to ultraviolet (UV) light or high osmolarity strongly activates the c-Jun amino-terminal protein kinase (JNK) cascade, causing induction of many target genes. Exposure to UV light … Exposure of mammalian cells to ultraviolet (UV) light or high osmolarity strongly activates the c-Jun amino-terminal protein kinase (JNK) cascade, causing induction of many target genes. Exposure to UV light or osmotic shock induced clustering and internalization of cell surface receptors for epidermal growth factor (EGF), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and interleukin-1 (IL-1). Activation of the EGF and TNF receptors was also detected biochemically. Whereas activation of each receptor alone resulted in modest activation of JNK, coadministration of EGF, IL-1, and TNF resulted in a strong synergistic response equal to that caused by exposure to osmotic shock or UV light. Inhibition of clustering or receptor down-regulation attenuated both the osmotic shock and UV responses. Physical stresses may perturb the cell surface or alter receptor conformation, thereby subverting signaling pathways normally used by growth factors and cytokines.

NF-kappa B activation by ultraviolet light not dependent on a nuclear signal

1993-09-10

Yoram Devary , Caridad Rosette , Joseph A. DiDonato +1 more

Exposure of mammalian cells to radiation triggers the ultraviolet (UV) response, which includes activation of activator protein-1 (AP-1) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). This was postulated to occur by … Exposure of mammalian cells to radiation triggers the ultraviolet (UV) response, which includes activation of activator protein-1 (AP-1) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). This was postulated to occur by induction of a nuclear signaling cascade by damaged DNA. Recently, induction of AP-1 by UV was shown to be mediated by a pathway involving Src tyrosine kinases and the Ha-Ras small guanosine triphosphate-binding protein, proteins located at the plasma membrane. It is demonstrated here that the same pathway mediates induction of NF-κB by UV. Because inactive NF-κB is stored in the cytosol, analysis of its activation directly tests the involvement of a nuclear-initiated signaling cascade. Enucleated cells are fully responsive to UV both in NF-κB induction and in activation of another key signaling event. Therefore, the UV response does not require a signal generated in the nucleus and is likely to be initiated at or near the plasma membrane.

Oxidative Stress in Aging Human Skin

2015-04-21

Mark Rinnerthaler , Johannes Bischof , Maria Karolin Streubel +2 more

Oxidative stress in skin plays a major role in the aging process. This is true for intrinsic aging and even more for extrinsic aging. Although the results are quite different … Oxidative stress in skin plays a major role in the aging process. This is true for intrinsic aging and even more for extrinsic aging. Although the results are quite different in dermis and epidermis, extrinsic aging is driven to a large extent by oxidative stress caused by UV irradiation. In this review the overall effects of oxidative stress are discussed as well as the sources of ROS including the mitochondrial ETC, peroxisomal and ER localized proteins, the Fenton reaction, and such enzymes as cyclooxygenases, lipoxygenases, xanthine oxidases, and NADPH oxidases. Furthermore, the defense mechanisms against oxidative stress ranging from enzymes like superoxide dismutases, catalases, peroxiredoxins, and GSH peroxidases to organic compounds such as L-ascorbate, α-tocopherol, beta-carotene, uric acid, CoQ10, and glutathione are described in more detail. In addition the oxidative stress induced modifications caused to proteins, lipids and DNA are discussed. Finally age-related changes of the skin are also a topic of this review. They include a disruption of the epidermal calcium gradient in old skin with an accompanying change in the composition of the cornified envelope. This modified cornified envelope also leads to an altered anti-oxidative capacity and a reduced barrier function of the epidermis.

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Intrinsic and extrinsic factors in skin ageing: a review

2008-03-13

Miranda A. Farage , Kenneth W. Miller , Peter Elsner +1 more

Synopsis As the proportion of the ageing population in industrialized countries continues to increase, the dermatological concerns of the aged grow in medical importance. Intrinsic structural changes occur as a … Synopsis As the proportion of the ageing population in industrialized countries continues to increase, the dermatological concerns of the aged grow in medical importance. Intrinsic structural changes occur as a natural consequence of ageing and are genetically determined. The rate of ageing is significantly different among different populations, as well as among different anatomical sites even within a single individual. The intrinsic rate of skin ageing in any individual can also be dramatically influenced by personal and environmental factors, particularly the amount of exposure to ultraviolet light. Photodamage, which considerably accelerates the visible ageing of skin, also greatly increases the risk of cutaneous neoplasms. As the population ages, dermatological focus must shift from ameliorating the cosmetic consequences of skin ageing to decreasing the genuine morbidity associated with problems of the ageing skin. A better understanding of both the intrinsic and extrinsic influences on the ageing of the skin, as well as distinguishing the retractable aspects of cutaneous ageing (primarily hormonal and lifestyle influences) from the irretractable (primarily intrinsic ageing), is crucial to this endeavour.

Ultraviolet radiation-mediated damage to cellular DNA

2005-01-29

Jean Cadet , Évelyne Sage , Thierry Douki

The evolution of human skin coloration

2000-07-01

Nina G. Jablonski , George Chaplin

The Optics of Human Skin

1981-07-01

R. Rox Anderson , John A. Parrish

Oxidation events and skin aging

2015-01-31

Arthur Kammeyer , Rosalie M. Luiten

Melanoma and sun exposure: An overview of published studies

1997-10-09

Mark Elwood , Janet A Jopson

To assess the association between the incidence of cutaneous melanoma; intermittent, occupational and total sun exposure; and history of sunburn at different ages, we conducted a systematic review using results … To assess the association between the incidence of cutaneous melanoma; intermittent, occupational and total sun exposure; and history of sunburn at different ages, we conducted a systematic review using results of all published case-control studies which have assessed incident melanoma, sun exposure and sunburn. Twenty-nine studies contributed data on sun exposure and 21 on sunburn. Overall, there was a significant positive association (odds ratio [OR] = 1.71) for intermittent exposure, a significantly reduced risk for heavy occupational exposure (OR = 0.86) and a small, marginally significant excess risk for total exposure (OR = 1.18). There was a significantly increased risk with sunburn at all ages or in adult life (OR = 1.91) and similarly elevated relative risks for sunburn in adolescence (OR = 1.73) and in childhood (OR = 1.95). There was significant heterogeneity with all of these estimates except that of all ages or adult sunburn. These results show the specificity of the positive association between melanoma risk and intermittent sun exposure, in contrast to a reduced risk with high levels of occupational exposure. The association with sunburn also is likely to reflect intermittent exposure; the results do not suggest any strong relationship to age at sunburn. These associations are similar to those reported for basal cell skin cancer but different from those reported for squamous cell cancer. The mechanisms by which intermittent exposure increases risk, while other patterns of exposure do not, remain to be elucidated. Int. J. Cancer 73:198–203, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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Molecular regulation of stem cell quiescence

2013-05-23

Tom H. Cheung , Thomas A. Rando

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Role of antioxidants in the skin: Anti-aging effects

2010-03-18

Hitoshi Masaki

Cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers are predominant DNA lesions in whole human skin exposed to UVA radiation

2006-09-06

Stéphane Mouret , C. Baudouin , Marie Charvéron +3 more

Solar UV radiation is the most important environmental factor involved in the pathogenesis of skin cancers. The well known genotoxic properties of UVB radiation (290-320 nm) mostly involve bipyrimidine DNA … Solar UV radiation is the most important environmental factor involved in the pathogenesis of skin cancers. The well known genotoxic properties of UVB radiation (290-320 nm) mostly involve bipyrimidine DNA photoproducts. In contrast, the contribution of more-abundant UVA radiation (320-400 nm) that are not directly absorbed by DNA remains poorly understood in skin. Using a highly accurate and quantitative assay based on HPLC coupled with tandem mass spectrometry, we determined the type and the yield of formation of DNA damage in whole human skin exposed to UVB or UVA. Cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers, a typical UVB-induced DNA damage, were found to be produced in significant yield also in whole human skin exposed to UVA through a mechanism different from that triggered by UVB. Moreover, the latter class of photoproducts is produced in a larger amount than 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine, the most common oxidatively generated lesion, in human skin. Strikingly, the rate of removal of UVA-generated cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers was lower than those produced by UVB irradiation of skin. Finally, we compared the formation yields of DNA damage in whole skin with those determined in primary cultures of keratinocytes isolated from the same donors. We thus showed that human skin efficiently protects against UVB-induced DNA lesions, whereas very weak protection is afforded against UVA. These observations emphasize the likely role played by the UVA-induced DNA damage in skin carcinogenesis and should have consequences for photoprotection strategies.

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The Wavelengths in Sunlight Effective in Producing Skin Cancer: A Theoretical Analysis

1974-09-01

R. B. Setlow

DNA is taken as the target for skin cancer induced by ultraviolet light, and the known data on the sensitivity of DNA as a function of wavelength are summarized. The … DNA is taken as the target for skin cancer induced by ultraviolet light, and the known data on the sensitivity of DNA as a function of wavelength are summarized. The sun's spectrum at the surface of the earth and the DNA action spectrum are used to calculate the carcinogenic effectiveness as a function of wavelength. The most effective wavelengths at 30 degrees N latitude are <305 nm, and a 1% change in atmospheric ozone results in a 2% change in the effective dose of ultraviolet light. Since both the basic biological and physical data are reasonably precise, the major requirement for a quantitative evaluation of the dose response relation for ultraviolet-induced skin cancer in man is better epidemiological data to compare with data from animal models.

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Toxic effects of ultraviolet radiation on the skin

2003-12-11

Yasuhiro Matsumura , Honnavara N. Ananthaswamy

Reduced Melanoma After Regular Sunscreen Use: Randomized Trial Follow-Up

2010-12-07

Adèle C. Green , Gail Williams , Valerie Logan +1 more

Regular sunscreen use prevents cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma long term, but the effect on melanoma is highly controversial. We evaluated whether long-term application of sunscreen decreases risk of cutaneous melanoma.In … Regular sunscreen use prevents cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma long term, but the effect on melanoma is highly controversial. We evaluated whether long-term application of sunscreen decreases risk of cutaneous melanoma.In 1992, 1,621 randomly selected residents of Nambour, a township in Queensland, Australia, age 25 to 75 years, were randomly assigned to daily or discretionary sunscreen application to head and arms in combination with 30 mg beta carotene or placebo supplements until 1996. Participants were observed until 2006 with questionnaires and/or through pathology laboratories and the cancer registry to ascertain primary melanoma occurrence.Ten years after trial cessation, 11 new primary melanomas had been identified in the daily sunscreen group, and 22 had been identified in the discretionary group, which represented a reduction of the observed rate in those randomly assigned to daily sunscreen use (hazard ratio [HR], 0.50; 95% CI, 0.24 to 1.02; P = .051). The reduction in invasive melanomas was substantial (n = 3 in active v 11 in control group; HR, 0.27; 95% CI, 0.08 to 0.97) compared with that for preinvasive melanomas (HR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.29 to 1.81).Melanoma may be preventable by regular sunscreen use in adults.

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Inorganic and organic UV filters: Their role and efficacy in sunscreens and suncare products

2006-02-22

Nick Serpone , Daniele Dondi , Angelo Albini

Human skin pigmentation as an adaptation to UV radiation

2010-05-05

Nina G. Jablonski , George Chaplin

Human skin pigmentation is the product of two clines produced by natural selection to adjust levels of constitutive pigmentation to levels of UV radiation (UVR). One cline was generated by … Human skin pigmentation is the product of two clines produced by natural selection to adjust levels of constitutive pigmentation to levels of UV radiation (UVR). One cline was generated by high UVR near the equator and led to the evolution of dark, photoprotective, eumelanin-rich pigmentation. The other was produced by the requirement for UVB photons to sustain cutaneous photosynthesis of vitamin D(3) in low-UVB environments, and resulted in the evolution of depigmented skin. As hominins dispersed outside of the tropics, they experienced different intensities and seasonal mixtures of UVA and UVB. Extreme UVA throughout the year and two equinoctial peaks of UVB prevail within the tropics. Under these conditions, the primary selective pressure was to protect folate by maintaining dark pigmentation. Photolysis of folate and its main serum form of 5-methylhydrofolate is caused by UVR and by reactive oxygen species generated by UVA. Competition for folate between the needs for cell division, DNA repair, and melanogenesis is severe under stressful, high-UVR conditions and is exacerbated by dietary insufficiency. Outside of tropical latitudes, UVB levels are generally low and peak only once during the year. The populations exhibiting maximally depigmented skin are those inhabiting environments with the lowest annual and summer peak levels of UVB. Development of facultative pigmentation (tanning) was important to populations settling between roughly 23 degrees and 46 degrees , where levels of UVB varied strongly according to season. Depigmented and tannable skin evolved numerous times in hominin evolution via independent genetic pathways under positive selection.

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Oxidative Stress in the Pathogenesis of Skin Disease

2006-11-16

David R. Bickers , Mohammad Athar

Daily sunscreen application and betacarotene supplementation in prevention of basal-cell and squamous-cell carcinomas of the skin: a randomised controlled trial

1999-08-01

Adèle C. Green , Gail Williams , Rachel Ε. Neale +7 more

UV-induced skin damage

2003-06-03

Masamitsu Ichihashi , Masahito Ueda , Arief Budiyanto +5 more

Meta-analysis of risk factors for cutaneous melanoma: II. Sun exposure

2004-12-22

Sara Gandini , Francesco Sera , Maria Sofia Cattaruzza +4 more

Skin anti-aging strategies

2012-07-01

Rūta Gancevičienė , Aikaterini I. Liakou , Athanasios Theodoridis +2 more

Skin aging is a complex biological process influenced by a combination of endogenous or intrinsic and exogenous or extrinsic factors. Because of the fact that skin health and beauty is … Skin aging is a complex biological process influenced by a combination of endogenous or intrinsic and exogenous or extrinsic factors. Because of the fact that skin health and beauty is considered one of the principal factors representing overall "well-being" and the perception of "health" in humans, several anti-aging strategies have been developed during the last years. It is the intention of this article to review the most important anti-aging strategies that dermatologists have nowadays in hand, including including preventive measurements, cosmetological strategies, topical and systemic therapeutic agents and invasive procedures.

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Assessment of Appearance Match by Visual Observation and Clinical Colorimetry

1989-05-01

William M. Johnston , Elizabeth Kao

Judgments of appearance matching by means of the visual criteria established by the United States Public Health Service (USPHS) and by means of an extended visual rating scale were determined … Judgments of appearance matching by means of the visual criteria established by the United States Public Health Service (USPHS) and by means of an extended visual rating scale were determined for composite resin veneer restorations and their comparison teeth. Using a colorimeter of 45°/0° geometry and the CIELAB color order system, we used the color of the restorations and comparison teeth to calculate a color difference for every visual rating. Statistically significant relationships were found between each of the two visual rating systems and the color differences. The average CIELAB color difference of those ratings judged a match by the USPHS criteria was found to be 3. 7. However, the overlap in ranges of the color differences for those comparisons rated matches and mismatches indicates the importance of other factors in appearance matching, such as translucency and the effects of other surrounding visual stimuli. The extended visual rating scale offers no advantages to the more broadly defined criteria established by the USPHS.

Skin photoprotection by natural polyphenols: anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and DNA repair mechanisms

2009-11-06

Joi A. Nichols , Santosh K. Katiyar

Pathophysiology of Premature Skin Aging Induced by Ultraviolet Light

1997-11-13

Gary J. Fisher , ZengQuan Wang , Subhash C. Datta +3 more

Long-term exposure to ultraviolet irradiation from sunlight causes premature skin aging (photoaging), characterized in part by wrinkles, altered pigmentation, and loss of skin tone. Photoaged skin displays prominent alterations in … Long-term exposure to ultraviolet irradiation from sunlight causes premature skin aging (photoaging), characterized in part by wrinkles, altered pigmentation, and loss of skin tone. Photoaged skin displays prominent alterations in the collagenous extracellular matrix of connective tissue. We investigated the role of matrix-degrading metalloproteinases, a family of proteolytic enzymes, as mediators of collagen damage in photoaging.

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Role of Matrix Metalloproteinases in Photoaging and Photocarcinogenesis

2016-06-02

Pavida Pittayapruek , Jitlada Meephansan , Ornicha Prapapan +2 more

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are zinc-containing endopeptidases with an extensive range of substrate specificities. Collectively, these enzymes are able to degrade various components of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. Based on their … Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are zinc-containing endopeptidases with an extensive range of substrate specificities. Collectively, these enzymes are able to degrade various components of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. Based on their structure and substrate specificity, they can be categorized into five main subgroups, namely (1) collagenases (MMP-1, MMP-8 and MMP-13); (2) gelatinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9); (3) stromelysins (MMP-3, MMP-10 and MMP-11); (4) matrilysins (MMP-7 and MMP-26); and (5) membrane-type (MT) MMPs (MMP-14, MMP-15, and MMP-16). The alterations made to the ECM by MMPs might contribute in skin wrinkling, a characteristic of premature skin aging. In photocarcinogenesis, degradation of ECM is the initial step towards tumor cell invasion, to invade both the basement membrane and the surrounding stroma that mainly comprises fibrillar collagens. Additionally, MMPs are involved in angiogenesis, which promotes cancer cell growth and migration. In this review, we focus on the present knowledge about premature skin aging and skin cancers such as basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and melanoma, with our main focus on members of the MMP family and their functions.

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High levels of p53 protein in UV-irradiated normal human skin.

1993-01-01

Hall Pa , McKee Ph , Menage Hd +2 more

Effects of Aloe Sterol Supplementation on Skin Elasticity, Hydration, and Collagen Score: A 12-Week Double-Blind, Randomized, Controlled Trial

2016-01-01

Miyuki Tanaka , Yuki Yamamoto , Eriko Misawa +5 more

Background/Aims: Our previous study confirmed that Aloe sterol stimulates collagen and hyaluronic acid production in human dermal fibroblasts. This study aims to investigate whether Aloe sterol intake affects skin conditions. … Background/Aims: Our previous study confirmed that Aloe sterol stimulates collagen and hyaluronic acid production in human dermal fibroblasts. This study aims to investigate whether Aloe sterol intake affects skin conditions. Methods: We performed a 12-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the effects of oral Aloe sterol supplementation on skin elasticity, hydration, and the collagen score in 64 healthy women (age range 30-59 years; average 44.3 years) who were randomly assigned to receive either a placebo or an Aloe sterol-supplemented yogurt. Skin parameters were measured and ultrasound analysis of the forearm was performed. Results: ANCOVA revealed statistical differences in skin moisture, transepidermal water loss, skin elasticity, and collagen score between the Aloe sterol and placebo groups. The gross elasticity (R2), net elasticity (R5), and biological elasticity (R7) scores of the Aloe sterol group significantly increased with time. In addition, skin fatigue area F3, which is known to decrease with age and fatigue, also increased with Aloe sterol intake. Ultrasound echogenicity revealed that the collagen content in the dermis increased with Aloe sterol intake. Conclusion: The results suggest that continued Aloe sterol ingestion contributes to maintaining healthy skin.

Effect of wavelength and beam width on penetration in light-tissue interaction using computational methods

2017-09-12

Caerwyn Ash , Michael J. Dubec , Kelvin Donne +1 more

Penetration depth of ultraviolet, visible light and infrared radiation in biological tissue has not previously been adequately measured. Risk assessment of typical intense pulsed light and laser intensities, spectral characteristics … Penetration depth of ultraviolet, visible light and infrared radiation in biological tissue has not previously been adequately measured. Risk assessment of typical intense pulsed light and laser intensities, spectral characteristics and the subsequent chemical, physiological and psychological effects of such outputs on vital organs as consequence of inappropriate output use are examined. This technical note focuses on wavelength, illumination geometry and skin tone and their effect on the energy density (fluence) distribution within tissue. Monte Carlo modelling is one of the most widely used stochastic methods for the modelling of light transport in turbid biological media such as human skin. Using custom Monte Carlo simulation software of a multi-layered skin model, fluence distributions are produced for various non-ionising radiation combinations. Fluence distributions were analysed using Matlab mathematical software. Penetration depth increases with increasing wavelength with a maximum penetration depth of 5378 μm calculated. The calculations show that a 10-mm beam width produces a fluence level at target depths of 1–3 mm equal to 73–88% (depending on depth) of the fluence level at the same depths produced by an infinitely wide beam of equal incident fluence. Meaning little additional penetration is achieved with larger spot sizes. Fluence distribution within tissue and thus the treatment efficacy depends upon the illumination geometry and wavelength. To optimise therapeutic techniques, light-tissue interactions must be thoroughly understood and can be greatly supported by the use of mathematical modelling techniques.

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Goat Milk‐Derived Extracellular Vesicles Attenuate Hydrogen Peroxide‐Treated Cell Damage in Human Skin Fibroblasts

2025-06-24

Chunping Chen , Y.W. Zhang , Peiran Li +6 more | Food Frontiers

ABSTRACT Oxidative damage drives skin aging, yet the poor skin permeability of antioxidants often limits their efficacy. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have lipid bilayer structure and nanoscale size, emerge as promising … ABSTRACT Oxidative damage drives skin aging, yet the poor skin permeability of antioxidants often limits their efficacy. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have lipid bilayer structure and nanoscale size, emerge as promising intercellular communication mediators. Milk‐derived EVs offer distinct advantages over plant or animal sources, including high yield and minimal preprocessing requirements. Despite goat milk is widely utilized in whitening and anti‐aging cosmetics, the anti‐aging mechanisms of goat milk‐derived EVs (GMEVs) remain underexplored. This study investigates GMEVs’ protective effects against oxidative stress in human skin fibroblasts cells (HSFs cells). Isolated through ultracentrifugation and sucrose density gradients, GMEVs‐1 (174.3 ± 1 nm) and GMEVs‐2 (213.8 ± 3 nm) were characterized by transmission electron microscope, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and proteomic analysis (identifying 2301 proteins, 58 proteins were unique to GMEVs‐1, and 144 proteins were unique to GMEVs‐2). Confocal imaging confirmed DiO‐labeled GMEVs internalization in HSFs cells, which reduced H 2 O 2 ‐induced β‐galactosidase activity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels while enhancing migration rates ( p < 0.05). Mechanistically, GMEVs‐1 and GMEVs‐2 attenuated hypertrophic scarring through TGF‐β1/SMAD pathway influence collagen I synthesis ( p < 0.05), MMP‐1/MMP‐3 inhibition with TIMP‐1 upregulation ( p < 0.05), and suppression of caspase‐dependent apoptosis, as verified by multi‐method analyses (ELISA, immunofluorescence, Western blot). Fluorescent tracking in BALB/c‐nu mice demonstrated significant epidermal retention without histopathological toxicity or serum biomarker alterations. Both GMEVs‐1 and GMEVs‐2 exhibited anti‐oxidative stress effects; GMEVs‐2 demonstrated superior efficacy at a lower protein concentration. These findings position GMEVs (GMEVs‐1 and GMEVs‐2) as promising nanoscale candidates for developing enhanced anti‐aging skincare therapeutics with improved epidermal bioavailability.

Mineral UV filters and their effects on Pocillopora damicornis metabolome

2025-06-24

Claire Guillier , Maeva Giraudo , Fanny Clergeaud +6 more | The Science of The Total Environment

The rising use of sunscreens and cosmetics containing ultraviolet (UV) filters has increased their presence in marine ecosystems. UV filters encompass a wide range of organic and mineral compounds with … The rising use of sunscreens and cosmetics containing ultraviolet (UV) filters has increased their presence in marine ecosystems. UV filters encompass a wide range of organic and mineral compounds with diverse behaviors and properties in aquatic environments. The mineral filters titanium dioxide (TiO2) and zinc oxide (ZnO) are commonly found in cosmetic products as particles or nanoparticles (NPs) and are increasingly used as alternatives to organic UV filters. In this study, the effects of a coated form of TiO2 (Solaveil™ XTP1, 60 nm, hydrophobic) and uncoated ZnO particles from two different sizes (Zano®10 and Zano®M, 60 and 250 nm, hydrophilic) were assessed on the symbiotic tropical coral Pocillopora damicornis using an untargeted metabolomic approach. Corals were exposed for seven days to environmentally relevant particle concentrations (5 to 1000 μg.L-1), and their metabolomes were analyzed using UHPLC-HRMS/MS. While TiO2 exposure did not induce significant metabolomic changes, both sizes of ZnO particles caused shifts in the metabolome of the coral's symbiotic dinoflagellates, leading to a noticeable decrease in the relative concentrations of symbiont lipids and pigments. A size-dependent toxicity of ZnO was observed: ZnO NPs triggered signs of bleaching at concentrations as low as 300 μg.L-1, whereas larger ZnO particles exhibited only mild effects at the highest concentration tested (1000 μg.L-1). This underscores the critical role of particle size in determining toxicity. This research highlights the contrasting effects of different mineral UV filters on symbiotic corals and aims to inform cosmetic companies in selecting mineral filters that minimize harmful impacts on coral reefs.

Visible Light Protection: An Updated Review of Tinted Sunscreens

2025-06-24

Muyang He , Xiaoyang Chen , Shanglin Jin +1 more | Photodermatology Photoimmunology & Photomedicine

Visible light (VL), a substantial component of solar radiation, contributes to skin photodamage, including hyperpigmentation and erythema. Tinted sunscreens have emerged as effective tools for mitigating VL-induced effects, yet challenges … Visible light (VL), a substantial component of solar radiation, contributes to skin photodamage, including hyperpigmentation and erythema. Tinted sunscreens have emerged as effective tools for mitigating VL-induced effects, yet challenges remain in their adoption and utilization. This review updates recent evidence on their clinical efficacy and explores obstacles constraining their broader recognition and utilization. A comprehensive search was performed on December 28, 2024, across MEDLINE, PubMed, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Web of Science using Mesh Terms "visible light," "sunscreens," and keywords related to "tinted sunscreen." A total of 89 articles were initially retrieved. After screening for relevance and recent publication, 67 articles were selected for detailed review. Tinted sunscreens outperform non-tinted products in protecting against VL-induced photodamage and managing melasma relapse, extending photoprotection beyond UV radiation. However, their adoption is limited by the lack of standardized guidelines and unified evaluation metrics, and inadequate shade diversity for skin of color. Future research should focus on expanding shade ranges, establishing comprehensive evaluation standards, and refining formulations with active ingredients.

The Reduction of Skin Photodamage by the Ectoine–<scp>Thermus thermophilus</scp> Cofermentation Products

2025-06-24

Yu Wang , Jiayi Liang , Pengkun Zhang +3 more | Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology

Prolonged exposure to UVB (280-320 nm) can lead to skin oxidative damage, inflammatory response, and skin cancer. Many active ingredients in the fermentation products of Thermus thermophilus have been shown … Prolonged exposure to UVB (280-320 nm) can lead to skin oxidative damage, inflammatory response, and skin cancer. Many active ingredients in the fermentation products of Thermus thermophilus have been shown to play important roles in antioxidant and anti-UVB photodamage, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and photolyase. Ectoine, as one of the most prevalent compatible solutes in halophilic bacteria, can protect cells, proteins, cell membranes, and nucleic acids from external extreme environments such as high temperature, freezing, irradiation, and drying. It has been applied in the industries of fine chemicals, biomedicine, and biomanufacturing worldwide. In this study, we evaluated the antioxidant activities and anti-UVB photodamage activities of Ectoine-T. thermophilus cofermentation products (D-Ectoine). The comparison between D-Ectoine and Ectoine was analyzed with hydroxyl radical (OH·-) scavenging assay, superoxide anion (O2·-) assay, total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) assay, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) scavenging assay. We evaluated the antioxidant ability of D-Ectoine by detecting malondialdehyde (MDA) levels: the activity of SOD, catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) in human skin fibroblast (HSF) cells. Inflammatory response was measured with lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induced expression of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and interleukin 8 (IL-8). We evaluated the protective ability of D-Ectoine against UVB-induced damage by detecting the content of collagen type I (Col I) and extracellular matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-1) in the cells, and the number of cell survival, erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) expression in 3D skin model. The results showed that D-Ectione could promote the GSH-PX activity in HSF cells with stronger T-AOC and DPPH scavenging capacity, reduce the expression of LPS-induced inflammatory factors IL-6 and IL-8, increase Col I expression both with and without UVB and inhibit expression of MMP-1 after UVB irradiation. In the 3D skin model, D-Ectione could increase the number of cell survival and Nrf2 expression, and decrease 8-OHdG expression after UVB irradiation. These results demonstrated that D-Ectione has protective effects against UVB-induced skin photodamage and may contribute to the development of cosmetic products with anti-UVB.

Sunscreens.

2025-06-23

| PubMed

Mapping the Global Research Landscape: A Bibliometric Analysis of Clinical Trials on Skin Aging—Trends, Innovations, and Research Gaps

2025-06-23

Sebastian Cotofana , Michael Alfertshofer | Aesthetic Plastic Surgery

Panthenol Citrate: A Photoprotective Antioxidative Molecule for Shielding Skin against UV Radiation

2025-06-20

Huifeng Wang , Ruyue Luo , Chongwen Duan +4 more | ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is a major contributor to skin damage, leading to oxidative stress, DNA damage, and apoptosis. Developing effective photoprotective agents that mitigate UV radiation-induced cellular and molecular damage … Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is a major contributor to skin damage, leading to oxidative stress, DNA damage, and apoptosis. Developing effective photoprotective agents that mitigate UV radiation-induced cellular and molecular damage is crucial for advancing skincare solutions. This study investigates the photoprotective and antioxidative properties of panthenol citrate (PC) using an ex vivo human skin organ model. PC demonstrated robust antioxidative activity, effectively scavenging free radicals, chelating iron ions, and inhibiting lipid peroxidation, with efficacy comparable to or exceeding that of l-ascorbic acid (Vitamin C). PC treatment significantly reduced UV radiation-induced DNA damage, as confirmed by decreased 8-OHdG staining and inhibited apoptosis, evidenced by lower levels of caspase-3-positive cells. Histological analysis revealed that PC preserved skin structure and reduced pyknotic nuclei caused by UV radiation exposure. Importantly, these protective effects were observed across both hydrophilic (glycerol) and hydrophobic (coconut oil) carriers, highlighting PC's versatility for formulation development. Collectively, these findings establish PC as a multifunctional photoprotective agent with significant potential for mitigating UV radiation-induced oxidative stress and promoting skin health. This study paves the way for the incorporation of PC into advanced skincare formulations to enhance UV radiation protection.

Beyond Fitzpatrick: automated artificial intelligence-based skin tone analysis in dermatological patients

2025-06-20

Petra Ulrich , Alexander Zink , Tilo Biedermann +1 more | npj Digital Medicine

Abstract Human skin tone is influenced by genetic, environmental, and cultural factors and plays a key role in dermatology due to variation in disease presentation across skin tones. The widely … Abstract Human skin tone is influenced by genetic, environmental, and cultural factors and plays a key role in dermatology due to variation in disease presentation across skin tones. The widely used Fitzpatrick scale, based on UV response, classifies only a small number of skin types, limiting its ability to capture the full diversity of skin tones. This study introduces an algorithm for automated skin tone assessment by calculating the Individual Typology Angle (ITA) from CIELAB color values using DensePose and OpenFace. ITA values are mapped to both Fitzpatrick and Monk skin tone scales. Validation on 3D body scans and AI-generated images showed high agreement with Monk classifications but less consistent alignment with Fitzpatrick types. Despite class imbalance, the algorithm reliably classifies skin tone to the Monk scale and holds potential for applications in teledermatology, clinical research, and personalized medicine. Further research is warranted to externally validate our algorithm.

Skin cancer prevention in the Polish population during the COVID-19 pandemic

2025-06-20

Izabela Jęśkowiak , Jacek Calik , Adam Szeląg +1 more | Frontiers in Public Health

Introduction In addition to chronic skin inflammation, exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) from sunlight is one of the most important factors predisposing to skin cancer. The aim of the study … Introduction In addition to chronic skin inflammation, exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) from sunlight is one of the most important factors predisposing to skin cancer. The aim of the study was to determine the occurrence of significant risk factors for skin cancer and to assess the methods of skin cancer prevention used in the Polish population during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods An anonymous survey was conducted between December 2021 and December 2022. 651 respondents took part in the study, including 86 respondents (13.2%) suffering from skin cancer. Results It was found that statistically significantly more often respondents with atopic dermatitis ( p &lt; 0.001), rosacea ( p = 0.002), alopecia areata ( p &lt; 0.001), diabetes mellitus ( p &lt; 0.001), hypertension ( p &lt; 0.001), rheumatoid arthritis ( p &lt; 0.001) or Crohn's disease ( p &lt; 0.001) had skin cancer. Moreover, participants using medicines that could cause photodermatoses were more likely to suffer from skin cancer ( p &lt; 0.001), sunburn ( p = 0.005) and have moles removed ( p = 0.014) as well as more likely to have Sutton's nevus ( p = 0.034) and Becker's nevus ( p &lt; 0.001). Skin cancer was diagnosed more often in participants with Celtic complexion ( p &lt; 0.001) and respondents with Celtic complexion were much more likely to have family members diagnosed with skin cancer ( p = 0.014). The incidence of skin cancer ( p &lt; 0.001), Sutton's nevi ( p = 0.007), Becker's nevi ( p = 0.029) and mole removal ( p &lt; 0.001) increased with participant age. Women ( p &lt; 0.001) and respondents with Celtic and Northern European skin types ( p &lt; 0.001) most often choose creams with SPF50, but respondents with Southern European skin were the least likely to declare sunburn ( p &lt; 0.001). On sunny days more often, men ( p &lt; 0.001) and older respondents ( p = 0.040) wear headgear and women wear sunglasses ( p = 0.018). Women also supplemented vitamin D more often ( p &lt; 0.001). More women ( p &lt; 0.001) and younger respondents ( p &lt; 0.001) know the ABCDE method, which allows for quick identification of potential melanoma. Conclusions Regular examination of moles, in addition to adequate skin protection against UVR, is an important element of skin cancer prevention, especially in people with fair skin, those suffering from inflammatory skin diseases and diabetes as well as taking medications with photosensitizing properties.

Skin Aging and Type I Collagen: A Systematic Review of Interventions with Potential Collagen-Related Effects

2025-06-20

Ofek Bar , Skaidra Valiukevičienė | Cosmetics

Aging leads to a decline in skin function due to intrinsic factors (genetics, hormones) and extrinsic factors (sun exposure, pollutants). Type I collagen plays a vital role in maintaining skin … Aging leads to a decline in skin function due to intrinsic factors (genetics, hormones) and extrinsic factors (sun exposure, pollutants). Type I collagen plays a vital role in maintaining skin integrity and elasticity. As aging progresses, collagen synthesis diminishes, resulting in weakened skin structure and wrinkle formation. This systematic review explores the role of type I collagen in skin aging by summarizing key clinical findings. A systematic search was conducted using PubMed and ScienceDirect as the primary databases, including studies published between 2014 and 2025 that addressed type I collagen and skin aging. Eleven clinical studies were selected following PRISMA guidelines. The results consistently show the decline of type I collagen as a central contributor to dermal thinning, loss of elasticity, and the appearance of wrinkles and sagging. Clinical trials demonstrate that collagen supplementation, particularly from hydrolyzed fish cartilage and low-molecular-weight peptides, enhances collagen production, improves skin hydration and texture, and reduces signs of photoaging. Overall, the evidence emphasizes the critical role of type I collagen in skin aging and suggests that targeted collagen supplementation may serve as an effective strategy to maintain skin structure and combat visible signs of aging.

Oxidative-Inflammatory Modulation of Skin Lipid Metabolism by Squalane, Oleic Acid, and Linoleic Acid

2025-06-20

W.C. Zhang , Qirong Zhang , Ziyan Zhou +5 more | Cosmetics

Squalane (SQ, a saturated, sebum-mimetic hydrocarbon), oleic acid (OA, a monounsaturated fatty acid), and linoleic acid (LA, a polyunsaturated essential fatty acid) belong to the category of “lipids and fats” … Squalane (SQ, a saturated, sebum-mimetic hydrocarbon), oleic acid (OA, a monounsaturated fatty acid), and linoleic acid (LA, a polyunsaturated essential fatty acid) belong to the category of “lipids and fats” in cosmetic materials, and are widely employed as skin-conditioning emollients. However, they present differences in UV stress. In this study, we compared their effects on UV-induced oxidative damage, inflammation, and lipid metabolism using a mouse model and human sebaceous gland cells (SZ95). Results showed that 10% SQ did not worsen oxidative damage or inflammation after 6 weeks of UV exposure. In contrast, the 5% and 10% OA/LA groups showed increased skin wrinkling (p < 0.01), epidermal thickening (p < 0.05), and sebaceous gland atrophy. Transcriptome analysis indicated OA/LA upregulated arachidonic acid-related cytokine pathways (PTGS2/IL-1β; p < 0.001). In SZ95 cells, 0.006% OA/LA significantly increased lipid droplet formation (p < 0.001), free fatty acid (FFA) levels (p < 0.001), and pro-inflammatory gene expression (p < 0.001). Conversely, SQ neither promoted lipid droplet/FFA secretion nor induced oxidative stress. These findings suggest that high concentrations of unsaturated fatty acids in skincare may worsen lipid dysregulation and inflammation, while formulations based on saturated hydrocarbons like SQ could provide superior photoaging management by stabilizing skin barrier function.

An Elucidation of the Anti-Photoaging Efficacy and Molecular Mechanisms of Epigallocatechin Gallate Nanoparticles in a Balb/c Murine Model

2025-06-20

F. Xia , Fei Wang , Li Kuo +7 more | Foods

With the increasing frequency of ultraviolet (UV) exposure in daily life and the exploration of anti-photoaging strategies, natural plant-derived compounds with anti-skin-aging properties have garnered significant attention. This study aimed … With the increasing frequency of ultraviolet (UV) exposure in daily life and the exploration of anti-photoaging strategies, natural plant-derived compounds with anti-skin-aging properties have garnered significant attention. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of zein-chitosan-based nanocarriers in enhancing the bioavailability of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and to elucidate its mechanisms in ameliorating skin photoaging. Utilizing a Balb/c mouse model of photoaging, we monitored skin conditions, analyzed skin barrier function parameters, and observed changes in skin tissue structure and collagen fibers through hematoxylin–eosin (H&E) and Masson staining. Immunohistochemical staining was employed to assess COL1A1 levels in the skin, while enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure antioxidant enzymes, inflammatory cytokines, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and NF-kB levels. The effects of orally administered EGCG nanoparticles on UV-induced skin aging were investigated. UV exposure significantly increased skin roughness, impaired skin barrier function, thickened the epidermis, reduced collagen content, decreased antioxidant enzyme activity, and elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines, MMPs, and NF-kB in the model group compared to the normal control group. EGCG nanoparticles markedly ameliorated these photoaging manifestations, with some indicators showing superior improvement compared to free EGCG. These findings suggest that EGCG nanoparticles exhibit enhanced anti-photoaging effects over free EGCG, highlighting the potential of nanocarriers as a promising strategy to improve the bioavailability of EGCG.

Natural Plant-Based Rejuvenating Compositions: Human Study on Astragalus membranaceus and Centella asiatica Saponins for Skin Health

2025-06-20

Leong‐Perng Chan , Chia-Hua Liang | Cosmetics

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a proprietary plant-based formulation of Astragalus membranaceus and Centella asiatica saponins (ACS) on skin health, as both a cosmetic ingredient and a … This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a proprietary plant-based formulation of Astragalus membranaceus and Centella asiatica saponins (ACS) on skin health, as both a cosmetic ingredient and a functional supplement. In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 150 healthy adults were assigned to groups using topical ACS cream, oral ACS capsules, combined treatments, or corresponding placebos. Skin brightness, moisture, elasticity, melanin value, pore count, texture, and collagen content were assessed over 4 to 12 weeks. After 4 weeks of topical ACS application, skin brightness improved by 2.5%, elasticity by 6.5%, melanin decreased by 5.2%, pores reduced by 10.6%, and collagen increased by 8.7% (p < 0.05). After 12 weeks of oral ACS, brightness, elasticity, texture, and collagen significantly improved (p < 0.05). The combined treatment group showed the greatest improvements, including a 4.2% increase in brightness, 12.9% increase in moisture, 9.0% elasticity increase, and a 28.5% reduction in pore count (p < 0.05). ACS, whether used topically, orally, or in combination, effectively enhances skin health and offers a natural solution for skin rejuvenation.

Sun Protection Products Protect Against UV-Induced Mitochondrial DNA Damage and Blue Light-Induced Cell Decline in Human Dermal Fibroblast Skin Cell Viability

2025-06-19

Jessica Moor , Amy Bowman , Hina Choudhary +3 more | Cosmetics

The first part of the study shows that four commercial sun protection SPF 50 products provide statistically significant (all p < 0.021) protection by reducing the amount of UV-induced mitochondrial … The first part of the study shows that four commercial sun protection SPF 50 products provide statistically significant (all p < 0.021) protection by reducing the amount of UV-induced mitochondrial (mtDNA) damage in human dermal fibroblast skin cells (i.e., 320% protection). mtDNA damage has been shown to be an effective and reliable biomarker of skin damage and plays a key role in the ageing process. The second part of the study investigates a sub-set, namely two of the four commercial sun protection products. Both products significantly protect (both p < 0.014) against the longer wavelength blue light induced decrease in a different biomarker, namely the viability of human dermal fibroblast skin cells.

Optimizing Sunscreen Safety: The Impact of TiO2 Particle Size on Toxicity and Biocompatibility

2025-06-19

Adriana Solange Maddaleno , Clàudia Casellas , Elisabet Teixidó +3 more | Nanomaterials

The use of UV filters is a well-established strategy for preventing skin cancer and photoaging. Among inorganic filters, titanium dioxide (TiO2) provides excellent protection against both UVA and UVB radiation. … The use of UV filters is a well-established strategy for preventing skin cancer and photoaging. Among inorganic filters, titanium dioxide (TiO2) provides excellent protection against both UVA and UVB radiation. Moreover, the use of such inorganic filters at the nano-sized scale has increased their acceptability because it ensures the cosmetically desired transparency in sunscreens that consumers demand. However, concerns remain regarding the potential toxicity of TiO2 nanoparticles, and discussion about their use in pharmaceuticals and cosmetics is still in progress. Their increased (bio)reactivity compared to bulk materials may lead to DNA damage. Furthermore, their capacity to cross dermal, respiratory, and gastrointestinal membranes remains a subject of debate. This study is therefore designed to assess and contrast the toxicological characteristics of a pair of commercially available titanium (IV) oxide sunscreens differing in particle size-microscale versus nanoscale. First, the morphology and hydrodynamic diameter of the TiO2 nanoparticles were characterized. Then, potential interactions and/or interferences of these nanoparticles with the methods used to evaluate cytotoxic behavior were studied. Finally, the hemocompatibility, cytotoxicity, phototoxicity, and genotoxicity of both micro- and nano-sized TiO2 were evaluated using human keratinocytes.

Comparative analysis of epidermal gene expression in mice exposed to deionized water and groundwater

2025-06-19

Huaijie Jia , Bijun Xia , Wen Si +6 more | Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

The effects of sunlight exposure on mortality: a systematic review of epidemiological studies

2025-06-18

Thomas Parkhouse , Francesca Spiga , Lesley E. Rhodes +4 more | NIHR Open Research

<ns3:p>Introduction Current sun safety advice focuses on minimizing exposure to sunlight, due to the relationship between ultraviolet radiation and skin cancer. However, sunlight also has beneficial effects, and there are … <ns3:p>Introduction Current sun safety advice focuses on minimizing exposure to sunlight, due to the relationship between ultraviolet radiation and skin cancer. However, sunlight also has beneficial effects, and there are calls for guidance to reflect these alongside the harmful effects. To examine the net effect of harmful and beneficial aspects, we aimed to determine the association between sunlight exposure and all-cause mortality. Additionally, we examined cause-specific mortality and whether the associations varied according to skin type/colour or ethnicity. Methods We conducted a systematic review, searching MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (Nov 2023) for reports of epidemiological studies in the general population investigating the effect of any measure of long-term sun exposure on all-cause, cardiovascular-related, or cancer-related mortality. We conducted a narrative synthesis of the findings and assessed risk of bias using the ROBINS-E tool. PROSPERO: CRD42023474157. Results The search identified 73 eligible articles. Methods of measuring sunlight exposure comprised radiation (e.g., ultraviolet radiation levels), proxy measures of radiation (e.g., latitude) and behaviour associated with sunlight exposure (e.g., frequency of sunbathing). The evidence was inconclusive. While most studies of skin cancer mortality found a higher risk associated with more exposure to sunlight, many studies of other cancers reported lower risks associated with more exposure to sunlight. Evidence for all-cause mortality was mixed, as were findings for cardiovascular mortality. Results were subject to high risk of bias, largely due to the likelihood of uncontrolled confounding and the use of indirect measures of sunlight exposure. There were insufficient data regarding any differential effects of sunlight on mortality for those of different skin types/colours or ethnicity. Conclusion Findings from observational epidemiological studies of the association between sunlight exposure and mortality are too variable to provide a strong rationale for changes to sun protection guidance.</ns3:p>

Recent advances in dermal fibroblast senescence and skin aging: unraveling mechanisms and pioneering therapeutic strategies

2025-06-18

Nan Li , Pengchao Guo , Hui Wang +2 more | Frontiers in Pharmacology

Aging is a multifactorial process that affects skin integrity through the progressive decline of dermal fibroblast function. Dermal fibroblasts are key regulators of extracellular matrix (ECM) composition, wound healing, and … Aging is a multifactorial process that affects skin integrity through the progressive decline of dermal fibroblast function. Dermal fibroblasts are key regulators of extracellular matrix (ECM) composition, wound healing, and tissue homeostasis. However, their dysfunction contributes to structural deterioration, chronic inflammation, and impaired regenerative capacity. Cellular senescence, a fundamental characteristic of aging, results in the buildup of senescent fibroblasts that release growth factors, matrix-degrading enzymes, and pro-inflammatory cytokines, known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). This study examines the impact of fibroblast senescence on dermal aging, highlighting mechanisms such as DNA damage, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and telomere attrition. The role of SASP-driven ECM degradation, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) activation, and fibroblast-keratinocyte communication breakdown are explored, demonstrating their collective contribution to skin aging. Additionally, key signaling pathways, including p16INK4a/RB, p53, NF-κB, mTOR, and TGF-β, are implicated in fibroblast senescence and chronic inflammation. Recent advancements in therapeutic strategies targeting fibroblast aging, such as senolytics, extracellular vesicle-based interventions, and metabolic reprogramming, offer promising avenues for skin rejuvenation. This review delves into the molecular and cellular dynamics of dermal fibroblast aging, emphasizing their relevance for developing novel anti-aging interventions.

Arazyme prevents skin aging through regulation of matrix metalloproteinase and collagen synthesis

2025-06-18

Jonghoon Kim , Hwa Lee , Kwang‐Hee Son +2 more | Enzyme and Microbial Technology

Photoprotection

2025-06-18

Zuzana Hajšelová | Česká a slovenská farmacie

MICROAGULHAMENTO ELÉTRICO NA ESTÉTICA ÍNTIMA: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA

2025-06-18

Bianca Thainnara Mendes de Alencar , Lílian Maluf de Lima , Paloma Tainá França Cardoso Nogueira | Revista fisio&terapia.

RESUMO: O presente trabalho tem como objetivo revisar a literatura sobre o uso do microagulhamento elétrico na estética íntima feminina, destacando suas aplicações, mecanismos de ação, benefícios estéticos e psicológicos. … RESUMO: O presente trabalho tem como objetivo revisar a literatura sobre o uso do microagulhamento elétrico na estética íntima feminina, destacando suas aplicações, mecanismos de ação, benefícios estéticos e psicológicos. OBJETIVO: Investigar os efeitos do microagulhamento elétrico na região íntima feminina, avaliando sua influência na melhoria estética e no bem-estar psicológico das pacientes. METODOLOGIA: O presente estudo é fundamental em uma revisão de literatura com artigos listados e os dados utilizados como alicerces do presente trabalho foram coletados em revistas, livros, periódicos e artigos pesquisados nas bases de dados Pubmed, LILACS, SCIELO, portal BVS, Medline, Cochrane e google acadêmico, publicados entre 2015 e 2025 nas línguas portuguesa e inglesa. RESULTADOS: Estudos recentes demonstram que o microagulhamento elétrico promove alterações significativas na estrutura da pele da região íntima. Observou-se um aumento na produção de colágeno tipo I e III, além de uma reorganização das fibras elásticas, contribuindo para a melhora da firmeza e elasticidade da pele. Essas mudanças são atribuídas à estimulação dos fibroblastos e à liberação de fatores de crescimento, como o TGF-β e o FGF, que desempenham papeis cruciais na regeneração tecidual

Benzoyl Peroxide–Containing Products and Benzene

2025-06-18

John S. Barbieri , Christopher G. Bunick | JAMA Dermatology

This Viewpoint reports on the potential of benzoyl peroxide–containing products to form benzene, a carcinogen, and the need to carefully monitor the use of benzoyl peroxide in skin care and … This Viewpoint reports on the potential of benzoyl peroxide–containing products to form benzene, a carcinogen, and the need to carefully monitor the use of benzoyl peroxide in skin care and other benzoyl peroxide–containing products.

Engineered Prx-LCA2 fusion protein restores oxidative skin damage via enhanced intracellular peroxidase delivery

2025-06-18

Di Liu , Yafen Zhan , Jiaqi Qu +4 more | AMB Express

This study developed a novel antioxidant fusion protein Prx-LCA2 by conjugating peroxidase Prx with the LCA2 carrier derived from Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin, aiming to achieve efficient intracellular delivery for … This study developed a novel antioxidant fusion protein Prx-LCA2 by conjugating peroxidase Prx with the LCA2 carrier derived from Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin, aiming to achieve efficient intracellular delivery for oxidative damage remediation. The fusion protein Prx-LCA2 was successfully expressed in E. coli and purified. Fluorescence labeling demonstrated efficient cellular internalization of the fusion protein. In vitro, H2O2-induced oxidative stress in A431 cells was alleviated by Prx-LCA2 treatment, as evidenced by increased cell viability, reduced ROS levels, enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities, and decreased levels of MDA and PCG. In vivo, H2O2-induced skin oxidative damage in mice was significantly ameliorated by Prx-LCA2 treatment, including improvement in antioxidant enzyme activities and reduction in oxidative damage markers (MDA, PCG and 8-OHdG). Additionally, Prx-LCA2 increased HYP content in the skin, indicating improved collagen integrity. Histological analysis of mouse skin further confirmed the therapeutic efficacy of Prx-LCA2. The enterotoxin-derived carrier system exhibited excellent biosafety profile with no observed cytotoxicity or skin irritation. This microbial-based protein engineering strategy provides a promising platform for transdermal delivery of antioxidant therapeutics.

Testing how well a new sunscreen can help prevent dark spots that appear after the skin gets irritated or inflamed

2025-06-18

Marta Furmanczyk , Catherine Queille-Roussel | http://isrctn.com/

Skin health and biological aging

2025-06-17

David Furman , Johan Auwerx , Anne‐Laure Bulteau +7 more | Nature Aging

Two-Dimensional TiO2 Ultraviolet Filters for Sunscreens

2025-06-17

Ruoning Yang , Jiefu Chen , Xiang Li +7 more | Nano-Micro Letters

Abstract Titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) has been an important protective ingredient in mineral-based sunscreens since the 1990s. However, traditional TiO 2 nanoparticle formulations have seen little improvement over the … Abstract Titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) has been an important protective ingredient in mineral-based sunscreens since the 1990s. However, traditional TiO 2 nanoparticle formulations have seen little improvement over the past decades and continue to face persistent challenges related to light transmission, biosafety, and visual appearance. Here, we report the discovery of two-dimensional (2D) TiO 2 , characterized by a micro-sized lateral dimension (~1.6 μm) and atomic-scale thickness, which fundamentally resolves these long-standing issues. The 2D structure enables exceptional light management, achieving 80% visible light transparency—rendering it nearly invisible on the skin—while maintaining UV-blocking performance comparable to unmodified rutile TiO 2 nanoparticles. Its larger lateral size results in a two-orders-of-magnitude reduction in skin penetration (0.96 w/w%), significantly enhancing biosafety. Moreover, the unique layered architecture inherently suppresses the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) under sunlight exposure, reducing the ROS generation rate by 50-fold compared to traditional TiO 2 nanoparticles. Through precise metal element modulation, we further developed the first customizable sunscreen material capable of tuning UV protection ranges and automatically matching diverse skin tones. The 2D TiO 2 offers a potentially transformative approach to modern sunscreen formulation, combining superior UV protection, enhanced safety and a natural appearance.

Sex differences in skin-cancer risk are linked to oestrogen levels

2025-06-17

Svenja Meierjohann | Nature

Biodegradable kappa-carrageenan and proanthocyanidin films as antiviral coatings for disposable masks

2025-06-17

Caroline Santinon , Karina Bispo-dos-Santos , Priscilla P. Barbosa +4 more | Colloids and Surfaces B Biointerfaces

Characterization and prediction of non-melanoma skin cancer incidence in China: Joinpoint regression and age-period-cohort model

2025-06-17

Liang Su , Tung‐Tien Sun , Xue Song Jia +2 more | PLoS ONE

Objective Understanding the non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) incidence and its trends in China is an important prerequisite for effective prevention and control of NMSC. Methods NMSC incidence data was collected … Objective Understanding the non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) incidence and its trends in China is an important prerequisite for effective prevention and control of NMSC. Methods NMSC incidence data was collected from the Annual Report of China Cancer Registry from 2005 to 2018. The Joinpoint regression model was used to estimate the average annual percent change (AAPC) and annual percent change (APC) to reflect the time trend. Age-period-cohort model with the intrinsic estimator algorithm was used to analyze age, period, and cohort effects. Bayesian age-period-cohort (BAPC) model with integrated nested laplace approximation was used for prediction. Results The age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) of NMSC increased from 1.02/ 100,000 to 1.63/100,000 from 2005 to 2018, showing an increasing trend with AAPC of 3.7% (95% CI: 2.5%, 4.9%). The ASIR was higher in men than in women, while the increase rate was reversed, and it was lower in rural than in urban areas, while AAPC was 1.15 times higher. The risk of NMSC incidence increased with age. The cohort effect was first to increase and then to decrease and the inflection point appeared in 1930-1934. The ASIR of NMSC in China will continue to rise during 2019-2035. Conclusion The ASIR of NMSC in China from 2005 to 2018 showed an increasing trend with age, gender, and regional differences, and will continue to increase in the future. NMSC remains a public health problem and requires continuous attention.

Preclinical Evidence That Mesoglycan Unfolds Complex Anti-Aging Effects in Photoaged Female Facial Skin

2025-06-17

Assaf Zeltzer , Aviad Keren , Ralf Paus +1 more | International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Novel senotherapeutics are needed to reverse aging-related skin decline. The research question addressed was whether mesoglycan, a clinically approved glycosaminoglycan formulation known to enhance perfusion, angiogenesis, and VEGF-A signaling, possesses … Novel senotherapeutics are needed to reverse aging-related skin decline. The research question addressed was whether mesoglycan, a clinically approved glycosaminoglycan formulation known to enhance perfusion, angiogenesis, and VEGF-A signaling, possesses therapeutic potential for rejuvenating photo aged human skin. To test this, we treated full-thickness photoaged facial human skin samples (mean age: 72 ± 5 years) from seven women ex vivo. The samples were treated with topical or medium-delivered mesoglycan (100, 200, and 300 µM) for 6 days under serum-free conditions that accelerate skin aging. Biomarkers associated with aging were assessed using quantitative immunohistomorphometry. Mesoglycan treatment improved key skin aging biomarkers at all doses. Compared to vehicle-treated skin, mesoglycan broadly enhanced epidermal structure and function, improved pigmentation-related markers, reduced cellular senescence, boosted mitochondrial performance and antioxidant defenses, and improved dermal matrix structure and microvasculature density. Notably, mesoglycan also upregulated VEGF-A and VEGFR2, promoting skin rejuvenation. Medium-delivered mesoglycan produced stronger overall effects, while rete ridge reappearance was observed exclusively after topical application. Mesoglycan demonstrates senotherapeutic potential in photoaged human skin, acting via complementary pathways, including VEGF-A upregulation. Although medium-delivered mesoglycan yielded the greatest biomarker improvements topical application restored rete ridges, a sign of epidermal reorganization and also significantly enhanced basement membrane structure, pigmentation, mitochondrial function and antioxidant defenses, while avoiding systemic exposure, making it the safer and more feasible route for localized skin anti-aging.

Effect of a Photolyase-Based Medical Device on Actinic Keratosis in Phototypes III–IV Patients: Real-Life Clinical Setting

2025-06-16

Fernando Bulla Alcalá , Susana Mejia‐Mesa , Sebastián Ramiro Gil-Quiñones +2 more | Dermatology and Therapy

Actinic keratoses (AK) are premalignant skin lesions that occur in chronically photo-exposed body areas. Topical sunscreens prevent but do not reverse ultraviolet radiation (UVR)-induced damage to deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Eryfotona … Actinic keratoses (AK) are premalignant skin lesions that occur in chronically photo-exposed body areas. Topical sunscreens prevent but do not reverse ultraviolet radiation (UVR)-induced damage to deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Eryfotona is a sunscreen product that combines high solar protection factors with light-driven DNA repair enzymes known as photolyases. This photolyase-based medical device has been shown to reduce the absolute number of AK; however, a more comprehensive assessment of AK lesions is ideal for determining its actual effect in everyday practice. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the photoprotective effect of Eryfotona sunscreen on individual AK lesions, assessing changes in their clinical and dermoscopic presentation in a real-life clinical setting and the impact on the health-related quality of life. This was an observational, prospective, real-life study of adult patients with skin phototypes III or IV and actinic keratosis (AK) lesions on the face and scalp. Patients were treated with sunscreen containing photolyase twice daily for 6 months, with follow-up visits at 3 and 6 months. The clinical evaluation included the actinic keratosis and severity index (AKASI), the absolute number and individual dimensions of AK lesions, and the Olsen clinical classification scheme. The dermoscopic evaluation included the Zalaudek classification and assessment of lesion pigmentation. The AK Quality of Life (AKQoL) questionnaire was administered to patients during each follow-up. A repeated measures analysis of variance was performed to compare quantitative outcomes, and Fisher's exact tests were used for categorical variables. A total of 45 patients with 205 AK lesions were included; 25 patients completed both follow-ups. Clinically, there was a significant improvement from an AKASI score of 2.55 at baseline to 1.90 at 6 months (p = 0.000), and a significant difference was also observed in the dimensions of individual AK lesions and the Olsen classification between the three evaluation times (p = 0.000). Dermoscopic assessment, as classified by the Zalaudek classification, showed significant improvement throughout the three evaluations (p = 0.000). In total, 53 lesions disappeared, corresponding to 26.36% of the lesions. Eryfotona provided effective and safe photoprotection and treatment of actinic keratosis on the face and scalp in patients with phototypes III and IV in the real-life clinical setting, showing promising effects on higher-grade lesions.

A supramolecular system of bioactive ionic liquid, peony extract, and peptide for enhanced permeability and synergistic skincare benefits

2025-06-16

Mi Wang , Tianqi Liu , Hao Wang +2 more | Chemistry - A European Journal

The growing demand for safe and sustainable cosmetics has led to a marked inclination toward natural extracts and peptides as raw materials. In this study, we developed a sustainable system … The growing demand for safe and sustainable cosmetics has led to a marked inclination toward natural extracts and peptides as raw materials. In this study, we developed a sustainable system with multiple anti‐aging effects by combining peony extract (PE) and acetyl hexapeptide‐8 (AHP8) to simultaneously treat static and dynamic wrinkles, as well as skin dullness. As the poor skin permeability of AHP8 limited its efficacy, we used a bioactive ionic liquid derived from betaine and malic acid ([Bet][MA]) as a permeation enhancer. In vitro and in vivo zebrafish experiments indicated that [Bet][MA] not only significantly enhances transdermal and cellular penetration but also exerts synergistic anti‐aging effects. While being biosafe, [Bet][MA] significantly increased the transdermal permeation, skin retention, and cellular uptake of AHP8. Theoretical calculations revealed that [Bet][MA] improved the anti‐wrinkle and whitening efficacies of AHP8 and PE through supramolecular interactions; it modulated their electron cloud distribution and molecular polarity and thus intensified their affinity to target proteins in aqueous solutions. The supramolecular PE/AHP8/[Bet][MA] system demonstrated excellent radical‐ and reactive oxygen species‐scavenging capability, collagen production, and tissue repair capability while concurrently inhibiting tyrosinase activity, motion signaling, and inflammation. The study findings pave the way for sustainable and multifunctional skincare solutions.

Assessing the Influence of a TikTok Aging Filter on Young Adults' Intentions to Use Sunscreen for Skin Cancer Prevention

2025-06-16

David L. Perez , Alec T. McIntosh , Rui Zhang +2 more | medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)

Background: Skin cancer is among the most common cancers globally. With the rise of social media, platforms like TikTok are emerging as potential tools in public health. This study explored … Background: Skin cancer is among the most common cancers globally. With the rise of social media, platforms like TikTok are emerging as potential tools in public health. This study explored whether a TikTok aging filter could increase sunscreen use intentions. Methods: Participants (N=230) were randomly assigned to either the experimental group (N=114), exposed to the TikTok aging filter and an educational video about ultraviolet radiation, or the control group (N=116), exposed only to the ultraviolet radiation video. A generalized linear mixed effects model was used to assess the relationship between group assignment, demographic variables, and attitudes toward sunscreen use. Results: The median participant age was 22 years; 56% were female, 56% were non-White, and 92% were non-Hispanic. Multivariable analyses showed significant increases in sunscreen use intentions in both groups (OR: 6.17, p<0.001), with the experimental group showing a greater increase (OR: 4.26, p<0.001). Awareness of sunscreen benefits (OR: 4.36, p < 0.001) and concern about aging from sun exposure (OR: 6.50, p < 0.001) also increased, with no significant differences between groups. Conclusion: Interactive and user-tailored visualizations can more effectively enhance sunscreen use intentions than video formats alone.

Project CLEAR (ChemicaL Exposure and Awareness Research): A protocol for assessing the availability and chemical composition of skin-lightening products in Northern Manhattan

2025-06-16

Adana A. M. Llanos , Alexis Schaefer , Andrew Turner +7 more | medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)

Introduction: Skin lightening products (SLPs) are widely used in communities of color and often contain toxic chemicals such as mercury and hydroquinone, posing serious health risks. Despite regulations, these products … Introduction: Skin lightening products (SLPs) are widely used in communities of color and often contain toxic chemicals such as mercury and hydroquinone, posing serious health risks. Despite regulations, these products remain accessible through illegal sales and deceptive labeling. Targeted marketing in marginalized areas raises environmental justice and public health equity concerns. Objectives: This study employs a novel spatial sampling approach to audit retail stores in Northern Manhattan, assessing the availability of SLPs in relation to neighborhood context. Products will be screened for harmful substances—including per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), parabens, and heavy metals—with results compared to ingredient labels. Methods: Conducted in Northern Manhattan, New York City, this study focuses on neighborhoods with high proportions of Black and Latinx residents. Phase 1 involves a structured audit of 50 retail stores, including beauty supply shops and ethno-cultural retailers. Store selection is guided by spatial sampling and demographic data. Trained research assistants collect detailed information on store environments and individual SLPs. In Phase 2, 20 products will be purchased for laboratory analysis using advanced targeted and non-targeted methods. Analyses will include descriptive statistics, GIS mapping, and comparisons across neighborhoods. Results: We expect beauty supply stores to carry a greater variety and volume of SLPs than ethno-cultural retailers, such as African markets, which are anticipated to sell mostly imported products. Chemical testing is expected to show that a substantial portion of SLPs contain hazardous chemicals, including some not disclosed on product labels. Conclusions: Project CLEAR combines spatial methods and laboratory science to map SLP availability and assess chemical risks in Northern Manhattan. By linking store-level data with neighborhood demographics, the study highlights structural inequities and environmental racism. Findings will support future research, inform policy and regulatory efforts, and strengthen community advocacy for safer, transparent skincare products.

Preparation and Evaluation of Herbal Sunscreen Lotion

2025-06-16

P Sucharitha , Gari Swetha Peddanna , Siva Sankar Policherla +5 more | International Journal of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry

Sunscreen is a herbal lotion that helps protect the skin from UV rays. Sunburn is primarily caused by ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation, while ultraviolet A (UVA) radiation may cause even … Sunscreen is a herbal lotion that helps protect the skin from UV rays. Sunburn is primarily caused by ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation, while ultraviolet A (UVA) radiation may cause even more long-term damage to the skin. Ideally, sunscreen should block both UVA and UVB wavebands. The aim of this study was to develop a topical sunscreen formulation using fixed oils in combination with selected medicinal plants. Regular use of sunscreen reduces the risk of actinic keratosis, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma. Sunscreen, also known as sunblock lotion, works by absorbing or reflecting the sun’s ultraviolet radiation to protect the skin. Due to the increasing incidence of skin cancers and the photodamaging effects of UV radiation, the use of effective sunscreen agents has grown. These agents have shown beneficial effects in minimizing symptoms associated with sun damage. An ideal sunscreen should be non-hazardous, non-irritating, non-toxic, photostable, and capable of providing complete protection against solar radiation. The formulated sunscreen lotion contains skin-friendly ingredients such as aloe vera, turmeric, olive oil, and vitamin E. Evaluation criteria such as pH, spreadability, and skin feel were used for testing. The prepared sunscreen lotion demonstrated a good SPF rating, excellent homogeneity, consistency, and appearance, with no signs of phase separation. Its use on the skin is considered safe and non-irritating.

Oral Collagen Oligopeptides as a Modulator of Skin Health: A Comprehensive Evaluation of Clinical and Molecular Effects

2025-06-16

Vivian Zague , Ana Lúcia Tabarini Alves Pinheiro , Juliana Rodrigues Pinto +2 more | Journal of Medicinal Food

Collagen peptides (CPs) have been recognized for their potential to enhance skin health, particularly by improving hydration, firmness, and elasticity. However, the molecular mechanisms driving these benefits remain not fully … Collagen peptides (CPs) have been recognized for their potential to enhance skin health, particularly by improving hydration, firmness, and elasticity. However, the molecular mechanisms driving these benefits remain not fully understood, especially regarding their influence on essential extracellular matrix (ECM) components and enzymes that regulate collagen turnover. This study investigated both the clinical efficacy and the underlying preclinical molecular effects of oral collagen oligopeptides (Col-OP) supplementation, aiming to clarify how these peptides contribute to skin improvements. In clinical trials, a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study with 85 women aged 45-60 years examined the effects of daily 2.5 g Col-OP supplementation over 84 days, measuring skin hydration (Corneometer®), firmness, and elasticity (Cutometer®). In addition to clinical studies, preclinical in vitro experiments were conducted on human dermal fibroblast cultures to elucidate the molecular effects of Col-OP. Fibroblasts were treated with noncytotoxic concentrations of Col-OP (10.0, 3.16, and 1.0 mg/mL) for 96 h, assessing the synthesis of type I collagen, matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMP-1), decorin, versican, biglycan, and hyaluronic acid (HA) through gene expression and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Results showed that Col-OP treatment significantly enhanced gene expression of type I procollagen, decorin, and biglycan while decreasing versican levels (P < .001). It also promoted type I collagen synthesis and TIMP-1 levels, modulating MMP-1 and HA production. Clinically, Col-OP significantly enhanced skin firmness and elasticity compared with placebo (P < .05), while improvements in skin hydration did not achieve statistical significance. Based on the current data, it can be concluded that oral supplementation with Col-OP effectively enhances skin health by promoting key ECM components and modulating collagen turnover, offering a promising approach for improving skin health.

COMPLICAÇÕES DA RINOMODELAÇÃO COM ÁCIDO HIALURÔNICO: UMA REVISÃO

2025-06-16

Caio Henrique Fiordeliz , Kelly Christiane Ricca Martins | Revista fisio&terapia.

Nonsurgical rhinoplasty with hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers is a minimally invasive aesthetic procedure that is increasingly employed as a less invasive alternative to surgical rhinoplasty for correcting minor nasal defects. … Nonsurgical rhinoplasty with hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers is a minimally invasive aesthetic procedure that is increasingly employed as a less invasive alternative to surgical rhinoplasty for correcting minor nasal defects. Although it enjoys a high satisfaction rate and few immediate adverse events, it is not free of complications, which can range from mild, transient reactions to rare but serious events. This article reviews the principal complications associated with nasal HA fillers, categorizing them as mild (edema, erythema, localized pain, and bruising); vascular (ischemia, tissue necrosis, and arterial embolism with risk of blindness); inflammatory–immunological (nodules, granulomas, and persistent intermittent late-onset edema – PILE); infectious (e.g., cellulitis, abscesses, and biofilm formation); and aesthetic (asymmetries, overcorrection, and filler migration). For each category, the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and recommended management are discussed. A thorough understanding of nasal anatomy, mastery of safe injection techniques, and readiness to manage complications are essential for ensuring patient safety and satisfactory outcomes.

Hemoporfin‐Mediated Photodynamic Therapy‐Caused Skin Barrier Damage and Triggered Dermatitis in Port‐Wine Stains

2025-06-15

Kai Chen , Yanyan Hu , Shanshan Qian +7 more | Lasers in Surgery and Medicine

ABSTRACT Background Hemoporfin‐mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a high efficacy treatment alternative for port‐wine stains (PWS) patients, and PDT also induced eczematous dermatitis in treated areas. However, the effect of … ABSTRACT Background Hemoporfin‐mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a high efficacy treatment alternative for port‐wine stains (PWS) patients, and PDT also induced eczematous dermatitis in treated areas. However, the effect of PDT treatment on the prevalence and risk of dermatitis in patients with PWS have not been reported. Purpose To assess the association between PDT and dermatitis incidence and to investigate the mechanism of PDT‐triggered dermatitis in PWS patients. Patients and Methods A total of 512 PWS patients who received hemoporfin‐mediated PDT treatment between June 2020 and September 2022 at the dermatology department of Wuhan No.1 Hospital were recruited in this study. Clinical images were used to calculate the percentage of dermatitis in treated areas. The arithmetic mean roughness (Ra), the average depth of roughness (Rz) and the mean square roughness (Rq) were used to assess the change of surface roughness. Transepidermal water loss (TEWL), stratum corneum hydration (SCH) and total lipid content (TLC) were used to analyze the skin barrier function. Results After treatment, we found that 27.15% (139/512) of PWS patients developed dermatitis on the treated areas, and the percentage of dermatitis was closely related to the treatment times and age of the patient. Moreover, these treated areas also exhibited markedly increased skin roughness (Ra, Rz, Rq; p < 0.05) and impaired barrier function, evidenced by significantly elevated TEWL and TLC ( p < 0.05) and reduced SCH ( p < 0.05). Conclusion PDT caused skin barrier dysfunction in PWS patients, which may lead to increased permeability of the epidermis and contribute to the dermatitis development.

Noninsulated Microneedle Radiofrequency for Skin Rejuvenation: A Histological, Transcriptomic and Clinical Study

2025-06-15

Jiayi Feng , Lvping Huang , Jun Qi +2 more | Lasers in Surgery and Medicine

ABSTRACT Background The efficacy and safety of microneedle radiofrequency (MRF) for antiaging skin treatment has already been demonstrated. This study aims to, for the first time, comprehensively interpret the short … ABSTRACT Background The efficacy and safety of microneedle radiofrequency (MRF) for antiaging skin treatment has already been demonstrated. This study aims to, for the first time, comprehensively interpret the short and long‐term effects of MRF by combining histology, high‐throughput molecular analysis, and clinical evaluation. Methods At 1, 3, and 6 months after MRF in different parameters, the skin samples were taken for HE staining, Masson staining, and Victoria blue staining to observe the overall histological changes. Real‐time PCR and WB were used to evaluate the quantitative changes of collagen I and III, MMP‐2 and TGF‐β1 at the different time periods. After transcriptome sequencing, bioinformatics analysis was performed to identify important biological processes related to skin after MRF treatment. At the same time, patients who had undergone facial MRF treatment in our department between 2020 and 2023 were collected for clinical review within half a year after treatment. Patient satisfaction score and Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS) were collected. Results The histological sections showed that collagen and elastic fibers regenerated and the density increased after MRF. The mRNA and protein levels of collagen in each treatment group also showed an upward trend after treatment, especially in Group A. However, there was no significant difference among the treatment groups and compared with the blank control group. Transcriptome analysis showed that the differentially expressed genes were significantly enriched in collagen regeneration‐related pathways at 1 month after treatment, then gradually decreased at 6 months. The clinical data showed that after MRF treatment, patients mainly rated the effect of skin rejuvenation as “3 ‐ satisfied.” The GAIS score showed that the long‐term effect after MRF was better than the short‐term effect ( p = 0.040). Conclusions MRF can stimulate collagen rearrangement and rejuvenation in facial rejuvenation. The long‐term rejuvenation effect of MRF can last at least 6 months and is better than the short‐term effect.

Acetyl Hexapeptide-8 in Cosmeceuticals—A Review of Skin Permeability and Efficacy

2025-06-14

Julita Zdrada , Agnieszka Surgiel-Gemza , Magdalena Szatkowska | International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Biomimetic peptides represent a growing class of active ingredients in modern cosmeceuticals, designed to mimic the function of the naturally occurring peptides involved in skin homeostasis, repair, and regeneration. Among … Biomimetic peptides represent a growing class of active ingredients in modern cosmeceuticals, designed to mimic the function of the naturally occurring peptides involved in skin homeostasis, repair, and regeneration. Among them, acetyl hexapeptide-8 (AH-8), often referred to as a "botox-like" peptide, has received considerable attention for its potential to dynamically reduce wrinkles through the modulation of neuromuscular activity. AH-8 is widely used in topical formulations intended for anti-aging effects, scar treatment, and skin rejuvenation. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the structure and proposed mechanisms of action of AH-8, with particular focus on its efficacy and skin penetration properties. Due to its hydrophilic nature and relatively large molecular size, AH-8 faces limited permeability through the lipophilic stratum corneum, making effective dermal delivery challenging. Formulation strategies such as oil-in-water (O/W) and multiple water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) emulsions have been explored to enhance its delivery, but the ability of AH-8 to reach neuromuscular junctions remains uncertain. Preclinical and clinical studies indicate that AH-8 may reduce wrinkle depth, improve skin elasticity, and enhance hydration. However, the precise biological mechanisms underlying these effects-particularly the peptide's ability to inhibit muscle contraction when applied topically-remain incompletely understood. In some studies, AH-8 has also shown beneficial effects in scar remodeling and sebum regulation. Despite promising cosmetic outcomes, AH-8's low skin penetration limits its bioavailability and therapeutic potential. This review emphasizes the need for further research on formulation science and delivery systems, which are essential for optimizing the effectiveness of peptide-based cosmeceuticals and validating their use as non-invasive alternatives to injectable treatments.

Enhancing Skin Quality With a Sequential Treatment Using Two Hyaluronic Acid Dermal Fillers: A Prospective, Multicenter, Interventional Study

2025-06-13

Paula Del Rosso , Jesús Colina , Carlos Jarne +4 more | Aesthetic Surgery Journal

Abstract Background Skin quality affects facial attractiveness, which can significantly impact self-esteem and overall quality of life. The preferred fillers for enhancing skin quality are non-crosslinked or slightly crosslinked HA … Abstract Background Skin quality affects facial attractiveness, which can significantly impact self-esteem and overall quality of life. The preferred fillers for enhancing skin quality are non-crosslinked or slightly crosslinked HA gels, such as RHA1 and R1, as they diffuse more easily into peripheral tissues. Objectives This study was designed to assess the performance and safety of RHA1 treatment for fine lines, such as smiling lines (SLs), including an exploratory arm assessing the performance of subsequent R1 treatments. Methods SKINQARE was a prospective, multicenter, low-interventional, open-label study. The primary outcome was Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS) score recorded at two months post-injection with RHA1. Questionnaires were used to evaluate both subject and investigator satisfaction. Skin quality parameters were measured with standard equipment and the VISIA® CANFIELD imaging system. Safety assessment covered adverse events, injection site pain and common treatment responses (CTRs). Results The primary endpoint was met, with 92.7% of subjects exhibiting GAIS improvement two months after receiving RHA1 treatment for SLs. Subsequent treatment with R1 doubled the “very satisfied” rate compared to RHA1 alone at 6 months. Subjects also reported prolonged skin firmness, smoothness, and bounce, along with a refreshed feeling. No serious adverse events were reported during the study. Conclusions RHA1 was effective for skin beautification in all indications, including SLs, and subsequent R1 treatment improved performance. Both treatments were well tolerated. These findings highlight the potential benefits of using a combined treatment approach to improve skin quality.

ACUPUNTURA AURICULAR NA QUEIXA DE CÓLICAS MENSTRUAIS EM ESTUDANTES UNIVERSITÁRIAS DE UMA INSTITUIÇÃO PRIVADA DO MUNICÍPIO DE CASCAVEL - PARANÁ

2025-06-12

Gabrieli Campanharo , Carla de Oliveira Lazzarin | Revista fisio&terapia.

A cólica menstrual é um problema prevalente entre mulheres em idade reprodutiva, especialmente em estudantes universitárias, sendo associada a sintomas que comprometem significativamente a qualidade de vida e o rendimento … A cólica menstrual é um problema prevalente entre mulheres em idade reprodutiva, especialmente em estudantes universitárias, sendo associada a sintomas que comprometem significativamente a qualidade de vida e o rendimento acadêmico. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a eficácia da auriculoterapia como método complementar para o alívio da dor. O presente estudo é de caráter analítico, experimental, comparativo e controlado por placebo, realizado em estudantes de universidades entre 18 e 30 anos, em uma universidade do município de Cascavel Paraná, a amostra da aplicação foi de 20 mulheres divididas aleatoriamente em dois grupos, um com aplicação para cólicas menstruais e outro com aplicação de placebo. Os resultados foram avaliados a partir da Escala Visual Analógica (EVA) antes e após as aplicações, indicaram que a auriculoterapia promoveu uma redução significativa na intensidade da dor e nos sintomas relacionados nas aplicações para cólica menstrual, porém também houve uma diminuição no grupo placebo. Os achados corroboram evidências científicas que apontam a auriculoterapia como uma técnica eficaz, acessível e de baixo custo para o manejo da dismenorreia. Conclui-se que a auriculoterapia representa uma alternativa promissora no contexto da atenção à saúde da mulher universitária, contribuindo para a melhoria da qualidade de vida e o desemprenho acadêmico.

Telomere length and skin cancer risk: A systematic review and meta‑analysis of melanoma, basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma

2025-06-12

Dimitrios Andreikos , Demetrios�� Spandidos | Oncology Letters