Decision Sciences Management Science and Operations Research

Construction Project Management and Performance

Description

This cluster of papers focuses on the various aspects of project management, particularly in the context of construction projects. It covers topics such as project success, risk management, stakeholder analysis, leadership styles, supply chain management, project delays, and innovation in projects.

Keywords

Project Success; Construction Projects; Risk Management; Stakeholder Analysis; Cost Overruns; Leadership Style; Complexity in Projects; Supply Chain Management; Project Delays; Innovation in Projects

Introduction PART ONE: A SHORT GUIDE TO CONSENSUS BUILDING An Alternative to Robert's Rules of Order for Groups, Organizations and Ad Hoc Assemblies that Want to Operate by Consensus - … Introduction PART ONE: A SHORT GUIDE TO CONSENSUS BUILDING An Alternative to Robert's Rules of Order for Groups, Organizations and Ad Hoc Assemblies that Want to Operate by Consensus - Lawrence Susskind PART TWO: HOW TO BULID CONSENSUS Choosing Appropriate Consensus Building Techniques and Strategies - Susan Carpenter Conducting a Conflict Assessment - Lawrence Susskind and Jennifer Thomas-Larmer Designing a Consensus Building Process using a Graphic Road Map - David A Straus Convening - Chris Carlson The Role of Facilitators, Mediators, and Other Consensus Building Practitioners - Michael Elliot Representation of Stakeholding Interests - David Laws Managing Meetings to Build Consensus - David A Straus Producing Consensus - Sarah McKearnan and David Fairman Joint Fact-Finding and the Use of Technical Experts - John R Ehrmann and Barbara L Stinson Making the Best Use of Technology - Connie P Ozawa Dealing with the Press - James E Kunde Dealing with Deep Value Differences - John Forester Legal Issues in Consensus Building - Dwight Golann and Eric E Van Loon Implementing Consenus-Based Agreements - William R Potapchuk and Jarle Crocker Visioning - Carl M Moore, Gianni Longo and Patsy Palmer Collaborative Problem Solving within Organizations - Christopher W Moore and Peter Woodrow Evaluating Consensus Building - Judith E Innes PART THREE: CASES AND COMMENTARIES Introduction to the Cases and Commentaries - Michele Ferenz Activating a Policy Network - Peter Driessen The Case of Mainport Schipol The Northern Oxford County Coalition - Sarah McKearnan and Patrick Field Four Maine Towns Tackle a Public Health Mystery The Chelsea Charter Consensus Process - Susan L Podziba Affordable Housing Mediation - Lawrence Susskind and Susan L Podziba Building Consensus for Regional Agreements in the Hartford Area San Francisco Estuary Project - Judith E Innes and Sarah Connick Resolving Science-Intensive Public Policy Disputes - Scott McCreary Reflections on the New York Bight Initiative Negotiating Superfund Cleanup at the Massachusetts Military Reservation - Edward Scher RuleNet - Michele Ferenz and Colin Rule An Experiment in On-Line Consensus Building Regulatory Negotiations - Jan Jung-Min Sunoo and Juliette A Falkner The Native American Experience Cross-Cultural Community-Based Planning - Norman Dale Negotiating the Future of the Haida Gwaii (British Columbia) The Chattanooga Process - John Parr A City's Vision is Realized From City Hall to the Streets - Catherine Connolly A Community Plan Meets the Real World The Catron County Citizens' Group - Melinda Smith A Case Study in Community Collaboration Facilitating Statewide HIV/AIDS Policies and Priorities in Colorado - Michael A Hughes with John Forester and Irene Weiser Finding Common Ground on Abortion - Michelle LeBaron and Nike Carstarphen Organizational Trauma Recovery - David Brubaker The God's Fellowship Community Church Reconciliation Process Building Consensus for Change within a Major Corporation - Judy Mares-Dixon, Julie A McKay and Scott Peppett The Case of Levi Strauss & Co
One of the most challenging decisions that a manager must confront is whether to continue or abandon a troubled project. Published studies suggest that failing software projects are often allowed … One of the most challenging decisions that a manager must confront is whether to continue or abandon a troubled project. Published studies suggest that failing software projects are often allowed to continue for too long before appropriate management action is taken to discontinue or redirect the efforts. The level of sunk cost associated with such projects has been offered as one explanation for this escalation of commitment behavior. What prior studies fail to consider is how concepts from risk-taking theory (such as risk propensity and risk perception) affect decision makers' willingness to continue a project under conditions of sunk cost. To better understand factors that may cause decision makers to continue such projects, this study examines the level of sunk cost together with the risk propensity and risk perception of decision makers. These factors are assessed for cross-cultural robustness using matching laboratory experiments carried out in three cultures (Finland, the Netherlands, and Singapore). With a wider set of explanatory factors than prior studies, we could account for a higher amount of variance in decision makers' willingness to continue a project. The level of sunk cost and the risk perception of decision makers contributed significantly to their willingness to continue a project. Moreover, the risk propensity of decision makers was inversely related to risk perception. This inverse relationship was significantly stronger in Singapore (a low uncertainty avoidance culture) than in Finland and the Netherlands (high uncertainty avoidance cultures). These results reveal that some factors behind decision makers' willingness to continue a project are consistent across cultures while others may be culture-sensitive. Implications of these results for further research and practice are discussed.
This article highlights the characteristics of articles on project success published between 1986 and 2004 in the Project Management Journal (PMJ) and the International Journal of Project Management (IJPM). The … This article highlights the characteristics of articles on project success published between 1986 and 2004 in the Project Management Journal (PMJ) and the International Journal of Project Management (IJPM). The analysis covers references, concepts like project management success, project success, success criteria, and success factors; features of the samples, data collection, and analysis techniques used; and professional disciplines. The results show that research on project success is characterized by diversity except in epistemological and methodological perspectives. The article suggests a shift to project, portfolio, and program success and concludes with a discussion on the traditional state of the research, criticizes its assumptions, and offers alternative metaphors and recommendations for future research.
This paper describes a process used to determine critical success factors that are felt to be predictive of successful project management. Full time managers who have had experience with projects … This paper describes a process used to determine critical success factors that are felt to be predictive of successful project management. Full time managers who have had experience with projects were used to generate critical success factors that they felt to be crucial to successful project implementation. Ten factors were discovered that relate well to previous theoretical formulations in the literature. In addition, these ten factors have been linked together in an interdependent quasi-sequential framework. This research has provided the basis for developing a behavioral instrument to be used as a diagnostic for assessing the status of any project as determined by the ten factor model.
Cross-functional teams can greatly facilitate the successful implementation of projects. This study examined the influence of a set four antecedent constructs (superordinate goals, accessibility, physical proximity and formalized rules and … Cross-functional teams can greatly facilitate the successful implementation of projects. This study examined the influence of a set four antecedent constructs (superordinate goals, accessibility, physical proximity and formalized rules and procedures) on the attainment of both cross-functional cooperation and perceived project outcomes. Through the use of path analysis, the results indicated that superordinate goals, physical proximity and project team rules and procedures have significant direct and/or indirect effects on project outcomes through influencing cross-functional cooperation. Further, cross-functional cooperation was a significant predictor of both perceived task and psychosocial project outcomes. Directions for management practice and future research are discussed.
Abstract Case and field research studies continue to be rarely published in operations management journals, in spite of increased interest in reporting such types of studies and results. This paper … Abstract Case and field research studies continue to be rarely published in operations management journals, in spite of increased interest in reporting such types of studies and results. This paper documents the advantages and rigor of case/field research and argues that these methods are preferred to the more traditional rationalist methods of optimization, simulation, and statistical modeling for building new operations management theories. In the process of describing the constructs of inference and generalizability with reference to case research, we find the existing definitions inadequate and thus extend and refine them to better discriminate between alternate research methodologies. We also elaborate on methods for increasing the generalizability of both rationalist and case/field research studies. A major conclusion is that these alternate research methods are not mutually exclusive and, if combined, can offer greater potential for enhancing new theories than either method alone.
This article develops a model of a project as a payoff function that depends on the state of the world and the choice of a sequence of actions. A causal … This article develops a model of a project as a payoff function that depends on the state of the world and the choice of a sequence of actions. A causal mapping, which may be incompletely known by the project team, represents the impact of possible actions on the states of the world. An underlying probability space represents available information about the state of the world. Interactions among actions and states of the world determine the complexity of the payoff function. Activities are endogenous, in that they are the result of a policy that maximizes the expected project payoff. A key concept is the adequacy of the available information about states of the world and action effects. We express uncertainty, ambiguity, and complexity in terms of information adequacy. We identify three fundamental project management strategies: instructionism, learning, and selectionism. We show that classic project management methods emphasize adequate information and instructionism, and demonstrate how modern methods fit into the three fundamental strategies. The appropriate strategy is contingent on the type of uncertainty present and the complexity of the project payoff function. Our model establishes a rigorous language that allows the project manager to judge the adequacy of the available project information at the outset, choose an appropriate combination of strategies, and set a supporting project infrastructure—that is, systems for planning, coordination and incentives, and monitoring.
Despite the hundreds of billions of dollars being spent on infrastructure development -- from roads, rail and airports to energy extraction and power networks to the Internet -- surprisingly little … Despite the hundreds of billions of dollars being spent on infrastructure development -- from roads, rail and airports to energy extraction and power networks to the Internet -- surprisingly little reliable knowledge exists about the performance of these investments in terms of actual costs, benefits and risks. This paper presents results from the first statistically significant study of cost performance in transport infrastructure projects. The sample used is the largest of its kind, covering 258 projects in 20 nations worth approximately US$90 billion (constant 1995 prices). The paper shows with overwhelming statistical significance that in terms of costs transport infrastructure projects do not perform as promised. The conclusion is tested for different project types, different geographical regions and different historical periods. Substantial cost escalation is the rule rather than the exception. For rail, average cost escalation is 45% (SD=38), for fixed links (tunnels and bridges) it is 34% (62) and for roads 20% (30). Cost escalation appears a global phenomenon, existing across 20 nations on five continents. Cost estimates have not improved and cost escalation not decreased over the past 70 years. Cost estimates used in decision-making for transport infrastructure development are highly, systematically and significantly misleading. Large cost escalations combined with large standard deviations translate into large financial risks. However, such risks are typically ignored or underplayed in decision-making, to the detriment of social and economic welfare.
The construction industry is dynamic in nature. The concept of project success has remained ambiguously defined in the construction industry. Project success is almost the ultimate goal for every project. … The construction industry is dynamic in nature. The concept of project success has remained ambiguously defined in the construction industry. Project success is almost the ultimate goal for every project. However, it means different things to different people. While some writers consider time, cost and quality as predominant criteria, others suggest that success is something more complex. The aim of this paper is to develop a framework for measuring success of construction projects. In this paper, a set of key performance indicators (KPIs), measured both objectively and subjectively are developed through a comprehensive literature review. The validity of the proposed KPIs is also tested by three case studies. Then, the limitations of the suggested KPIs are discussed. With the development of KPIs, a benchmark for measuring the performance of a construction project can be set. It also provides significant insights into developing a general and comprehensive base for further research.
Different researchers have tried to determine the factors for a successful project for a long time. Lists of variables have been abounded in the literature, however, no general agreement can … Different researchers have tried to determine the factors for a successful project for a long time. Lists of variables have been abounded in the literature, however, no general agreement can be made. The aim of this paper is to develop a conceptual framework on critical success factors (CSFs). Seven major journals in the construction field are chosen to review the previous works on project success. Five major groups of independent variables, namely project-related factors, project procedures, project management actions, human-related factors, and external environment are identified as crucial to project success. Further study on the key performance indicators (KPIs) is needed to identify the causal relationships between CSFs and KPIs. The causal relationships, once identified, will be a useful piece of information to implement a project successfully.
The Project Management Institute has commissioned the authors to conduct research into whether the project manager's leadership style is a success factor on projects, and whether its impact is different … The Project Management Institute has commissioned the authors to conduct research into whether the project manager's leadership style is a success factor on projects, and whether its impact is different on different types of projects. In this paper, we review the literature on the topic. Surprisingly, the literature on project success factors does not typically mention the project manager and his or her leadership style or competence as a success factor on projects. This is in direct contrast to the general management literature, which views effective leadership as a critical success factor in the management of organizations, and has shown that an appropriate leadership style can lead to better performance. Since, unlike most literature on project success factors, project management literature does consider the role of the project manager, we also review what it says about his or her leadership style and competence.
Twenty-two decision groups in three manufacturing and three research and development organizations are studied to identify the characteristics of the environment that contribute to decision unit members experiencing uncertainty in … Twenty-two decision groups in three manufacturing and three research and development organizations are studied to identify the characteristics of the environment that contribute to decision unit members experiencing uncertainty in decision making.' Two dimensions of the environment are identified. The simple-complex dimension is defined as the number of factors taken into consideration in decision making. The static-dynamic dimension is viewed as the degree to which these factors in the decision unit's environment remain basically the same over time or are in a continual process of change. Results indicate that individuals in decision units with dynamic-complex environments experience the greatest amount of uncertainty in decision making. The data also indicate that the static-dynamic dimension of the environment is a more important contributor to uncertainty than the simple-complex dimension.
This paper presents a model of team learning and tests it in a multimethod field study. It introduces the construct of team psychological safety—a shared belief held by members of … This paper presents a model of team learning and tests it in a multimethod field study. It introduces the construct of team psychological safety—a shared belief held by members of a team that the team is safe for interpersonal risk taking—and models the effects of team psychological safety and team efficacy together on learning and performance in organizational work teams. Results of a study of 51 work teams in a manufacturing company, measuring antecedent, process, and outcome variables, show that team psychological safety is associated with learning behavior, but team efficacy is not, when controlling for team psychological safety. As predicted, learning behavior mediates between team psychological safety and team performance. The results support an integrative perspective in which both team structures, such as context support and team leader coaching, and shared beliefs shape team outcomes.
Abstract Previous research suggests that the construction industry is characterized by (1) particular complexity factors owing to industry specific uncertainties and interdependences, and (2) inefficiency of operations. The aim of … Abstract Previous research suggests that the construction industry is characterized by (1) particular complexity factors owing to industry specific uncertainties and interdependences, and (2) inefficiency of operations. The aim of this study was to analyse the operations and behaviour of firms as a means of dealing with complexity. The observations made indicate that the industry as a whole is featured as a loosely coupled system. Taking this as a starting point, the couplings among activities, resources and actors were analysed in different dimensions. The pattern of couplings builds on two interdependent layers: tight couplings in individual projects and loose couplings based on collective adaptations in the permanent network. It is concluded that the pattern of couplings seems to favour short term productivity while hampering innovation and learning. Keywords: ConstructionLoosely Coupled SystemProductivityInnovation
Our views on project success have changed over the years from definitions that were limited to the implementation phase of the project life cycle to definitions that reflect an appreciation … Our views on project success have changed over the years from definitions that were limited to the implementation phase of the project life cycle to definitions that reflect an appreciation of success over the entire project and product life cycle. This paper assesses our evolving understanding of project success over the past 40 years and discusses conditions for success, critical success factors and success frameworks. The paper concludes with a holistic view of project success and its implications for practice. This is an important topic because projects are an increasingly common way of work, and the lines between project and process work are harder to discern. Increasingly, more project managers work in companies using program and portfolio management as a means to organize project-related work. The success of individual projects, therefore, impacts the wider organization in several dimensions and makes the concept of project and project management success that much more relevant. The topic is also important because it has a bearing on the future directions of project management in the strategic context.
Project success is a core concept of project management but its definition remains elusive. The project team must have a clear understanding of their project success objectives. This paper uses … Project success is a core concept of project management but its definition remains elusive. The project team must have a clear understanding of their project success objectives. This paper uses the logical framework method (LFM) as a foundation for defining project success. Using LFM, four levels of project objectives are identified: goal, purpose, output, and input. It is proposed that project success consists of two components—product success and project management success. Product success deals with goal and purpose; project management success deals with outputs and inputs.
This paper takes stock of megaproject management, an emerging and hugely costly field of study, by first answering the question of how large megaprojects are by measuring them in the … This paper takes stock of megaproject management, an emerging and hugely costly field of study, by first answering the question of how large megaprojects are by measuring them in the units of mega, giga, and tera, and concluding with how we are presently entering a new “tera era” of trillion-dollar projects. Second, total global megaproject spending is assessed, at US$6 to US$9 trillion annually, or 8% of the total global gross domestic product (GDP), which denotes the biggest investment boom in human history. Third, four “sublimes”—political, technological, economic, and aesthetic—are identified and used to explain the increased size and frequency of megaprojects. Fourth, the “iron law of megaprojects” is laid out and documented: Over budget, over time, over and over again. Moreover, the “break–fix model” of megaproject management is introduced as an explanation of the iron law. Fifth, Albert O. Hirschman's theory of the “Hiding Hand” is revisited and critiqued as unfounded and corrupting for megaproject thinking in both the academy and policy. Sixth, it is shown how megaprojects are systematically subject to “survival of the unfittest,” which explains why the worst projects get built rather than the best. Finally, it is argued that the conventional way of managing megaprojects has reached a “tension point,” in which tradition is being challenged and reform is emerging.
This article presents results from the first statistically significant study of cost escalation in transportation infrastructure projects. Based on a sample of 258 transportation infrastructure projects worth US$90 billion and … This article presents results from the first statistically significant study of cost escalation in transportation infrastructure projects. Based on a sample of 258 transportation infrastructure projects worth US$90 billion and representing different project types, geographical regions, and historical periods, it is found with overwhelming statistical significance that the cost estimates used to decide whether such projects should be built are highly and systematically misleading. Underestimation cannot be explained by error and is best explained by strategic misrepresentation, that is, lying. The policy implications are clear: legislators, administrators, investors, media representatives, and members of the public who value honest numbers should not trust cost estimates and cost-benefit analyses produced by project promoters and their analysts.
Robust optimization is still a relatively new approach to optimization problems affected by uncertainty, but it has already proved so useful in real applications that it is difficult to tackle … Robust optimization is still a relatively new approach to optimization problems affected by uncertainty, but it has already proved so useful in real applications that it is difficult to tackle such problems today without considering this powerful methodology. Written by the principal developers of robust optimization, and describing the main achievements of a decade of research, this is the first book to provide a comprehensive and up-to-date account of the subject. Robust optimization is designed to meet some major challenges associated with uncertainty-affected optimization problems: to operate under lack of full information on the nature of uncertainty; to model the problem in a form that can be solved efficiently; and to provide guarantees about the performance of the solution. The book starts with a relatively simple treatment of uncertain linear programming, proceeding with a deep analysis of the interconnections between the construction of appropriate uncertainty sets and the classical chance constraints (probabilistic) approach. It then develops the robust optimization theory for uncertain conic quadratic and semidefinite optimization problems and dynamic (multistage) problems. The theory is supported by numerous examples and computational illustrations. An essential book for anyone working on optimization and decision making under uncertainty, Robust Optimization also makes an ideal graduate textbook on the subject.
The construction sector in Nigeria relies heavily on imported materials; however, inefficiencies and frequent delays at the seaports have led to increased costs, significantly affecting the sector’s contribution to the … The construction sector in Nigeria relies heavily on imported materials; however, inefficiencies and frequent delays at the seaports have led to increased costs, significantly affecting the sector’s contribution to the nation’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP). This study examines the relationship between the operational performance of Nigerian seaports and the GDP contribution of the construction sector. Secondary data on GDP and port performance indicators were obtained from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) and the Nigerian Ports Authority (NPA), covering the period from 2011 to 2023. The analysis employed descriptive and inferential statistics methods, including regression and Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA). The findings reveal that the key performance indicators such as Cargo Throughput (LnCTHP), Personnel Efficiency (LnP), and Ship Traffic (LnST) significantly and positively influence GDP, with β-values of 0.462, 0.283, and 0.402, respectively (p < 0.05). In contrast, inefficiencies represented by prolonged Turnaround Time (LnTAT) and Waiting Time (LnWT) had negative effects on GDP, with β-values of −0.178 and −0.098, respectively (p < 0.05). Additionally, Gross Registered Tonnage (LnGRT) was found to have a positive influence on GDP (β = 0.213, p = 0.017), highlighting the economic benefit of accommodating larger vessels. The regression model demonstrated strong explanatory power, with an R² of 0.908 and an adjusted R² of 0.882, indicating that the included variables could explain 88.2% of the variance in GDP. These findings are consistent with previous research and highlight the crucial role of port efficiency in driving economic growth. The study recommends focused investments in modern cargo handling technologies, workforce optimization, and infrastructure upgrades to mitigate delays. It also advocates for strategic partnerships with international shipping companies and policy interventions, such as tax incentives for modernization and simplifying customs procedures, to enhance overall efficiency. Future research should further explore the role of port digitalization in facilitating GDP growth. Addressing existing inefficiencies and leveraging operational improvements can support Nigerian seaports in substantially contributing to the construction sector’s GDP, thereby supporting broader sustainable economic development.
O estudo da Inovação Aberta (IA) pode ser dividido em dois fluxos principais, denominados de entrada (inbound) e saída (outbound) de conhecimento, sendo percebido na literatura um desequilíbrio entre os … O estudo da Inovação Aberta (IA) pode ser dividido em dois fluxos principais, denominados de entrada (inbound) e saída (outbound) de conhecimento, sendo percebido na literatura um desequilíbrio entre os dois temas, verificando-se pouca quantidade de publicações que tratem do fluxo de saída. O fluxo de saída de conhecimento pode ser estudado a partir de duas capacidades organizacionais, denominadas de capacidade inventiva e de dessorção. Essas duas capacidades têm por finalidade alcançar o cliente externo, sendo a primeira baseada em novos conhecimentos, e a segunda baseada em conhecimentos já consolidados pela organização. Nesse contexto, este estudo tem por objetivo analisar os impactos das capacidades inventiva e de dessorção da IA de saída em relação à performance técnica e de mercado de projeto, e também verificar o papel moderador que a capacidade de absorção (ACAP) impõe nesta relação. Este estudo é realizado no setor automobilístico, contando com a participação de 126 projetos de diferentes empresas e utiliza o método PLS-SEM para analisar o modelo de pesquisa. Os resultados apontam que enquanto a capacidade dessorção atua positivamente tanto na performance técnica quanto de mercado, a capacidade inventiva apresenta relação positiva somente com o desempenho de mercado, mostrando-se negativa em relação ao desenvolvimento técnico do projeto. Os resultados também mostram que a ACAP modera as interações positivas entre IA de saída e a performance de projeto.
Sai On Cheung , Qiuwen Ma | Engineering Construction & Architectural Management
Purpose Planning incentivization to boost project performances is one of the challenging responsibilities of project managers. Unilaterally imposed outcome-based incentives typify the incentivization arrangements in development projects. Moreover, failure to … Purpose Planning incentivization to boost project performances is one of the challenging responsibilities of project managers. Unilaterally imposed outcome-based incentives typify the incentivization arrangements in development projects. Moreover, failure to bring about the anticipated outcomes is not uncommon notwithstanding the use of conventional forms of incentives like financial ones. This study argues the need to extend beyond conventional carrot-and-stick approaches and examines how incentivization strategies can be better planned to enhance project performance. Design/methodology/approach A critical review and synthesis of the body of knowledge incorporating principal-agent theory, the concept of reciprocity and construction incentivization literature along with the intrinsic and extrinsic motivators is used to develop the framework. Findings The findings suggest that incentivization strategies that embrace reciprocity and align with project complexities are more likely to achieve desired outcomes. A framework is developed to guide the planning of incentivization in construction projects. Four key recommendations underpin the proposed planning framework: (1) extrinsic motivators are effective when the dynamic complexity of the project is low; (2) intrinsic motivators are effective when the dynamic complexity is high; (3) a crowding-in environment should be fostered when both extrinsic and intrinsic motivators are employed and (4) organizational incentivization is most effective when the structural complexity of the project is high. Originality/value This study provides a novel perspective on incentivization planning in construction by advocating for a nuanced approach that considers both extrinsic and intrinsic motivators. It offers practical guidance for project managers to tailor incentivization strategies according to project complexity.
This research investigated the competencies of managers and their connection to the success of construction projects in Bhutan. A cross-sectional survey research design was employed to meet the study's objectives. … This research investigated the competencies of managers and their connection to the success of construction projects in Bhutan. A cross-sectional survey research design was employed to meet the study's objectives. Data were collected from 353 respondents, including project managers, project engineers, and general managers, using a questionnaire based on a five-point Likert scale. The analysis focused on three variables: intrinsic success factors (managerial competencies), extrinsic success factors, and construction project success. Findings demonstrated a significant relationship between construction project success and the competencies of project managers (r=0.834, p<0.01), as well as with extrinsic success factors (r=0.862, p<0.01). Regression analysis indicated that 76.6% of the variation in the success of the project could be explained by the combined influence of managerial competencies and extrinsic factors. Of this, extrinsic success factors contributed the most (56.8%) compared to managerial competencies (33.3%). Nonetheless, the strong positive correlation between project manager competencies and project success highlights the critical role of managerial skills in ensuring the success of construction projects in Bhutan.
Abstract In response to the increasing complexity of modern products, dynamic markets, and intensified competition, project‐based organizations are actively seeking methodologies to efficiently manage their expanding project portfolios. This paper … Abstract In response to the increasing complexity of modern products, dynamic markets, and intensified competition, project‐based organizations are actively seeking methodologies to efficiently manage their expanding project portfolios. This paper analyzes the project portfolio selection problem in uncertain environments. Despite recent advances in the field, there is a pressing need for decision‐making frameworks that blend optimization and simulation with realistic project information and portfolio constraints. Through an extensive literature review, we identify key variables critical for handling practical scenarios, such as project schedule interdependencies, duration estimations across various scenarios, baseline budget, risk registers, interproject correlations, and cost overrun correlation. To tackle the inherent stochasticity, we introduce a simheuristic algorithm that combines genetic optimization with Monte Carlo simulation. This strategy maximizes the expected value while adhering to project and portfolio constraints under a set portfolio budget reliability level. This approach provides decision‐makers with a powerful tool for enhancing project selection processes, promoting upfront planning, improving risk management, and the achievement of strategic goals. The performance of this approach is validated against deterministic methodologies, such as employing a mixed‐integer linear programming solver in stochastic environments, demonstrating its effectiveness and practical applicability.
The construction industry is a major contributor to global carbon emissions, highlighting the need to align material supply chains with net-zero targets. Evaluating supply chain performance is essential for reducing … The construction industry is a major contributor to global carbon emissions, highlighting the need to align material supply chains with net-zero targets. Evaluating supply chain performance is essential for reducing emissions, enhancing resource efficiency, and supporting sustainable decision-making. However, there is a lack of comprehensive frameworks that integrate net-zero objectives into construction material supply chain evaluation. This study aims to develop a conceptual framework that embeds net-zero principles into supply chain performance evaluation within the construction sector. A systematic literature review was conducted using PRISMA guidelines, covering 54 peer-reviewed articles published between 2016 and 2025. The review identifies key supply chain decarbonization performance indicators, tools, challenges, enablers, and improvement opportunities. The findings reveal the growing use of life cycle thinking, carbon accounting, and digitalization, shaped by policy, data access, technological readiness, and stakeholder coordination. The resulting framework integrates these factors to guide a structured, net-zero-aligned supply chain. This study contributes a novel and practical framework that addresses a critical gap by bridging digital tools, decarbonization metrics, and policy or organizational considerations. It offers theoretical insights and actionable guidance for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers pursuing climate-aligned construction supply chains.
| Edward Elgar Publishing eBooks
Purpose The alarming rate of organised crime groups and other agitators disrupting activities, including construction projects, especially in developing countries, calls for concern. These disruptions may threaten infrastructure delivery if … Purpose The alarming rate of organised crime groups and other agitators disrupting activities, including construction projects, especially in developing countries, calls for concern. These disruptions may threaten infrastructure delivery if not mitigated. Studies regarding the impact of a qualitative approach are scarce. This research explores the perceived impact of community disruption on construction projects in South Africa. Design/methodology/approach This research employed a qualitative design and accomplished saturation with 11 interviewees. The participants were the consultants, the general workforce, subcontractors, the project management team and the surrounding communities of the Tshwane University of Technology projects in South Africa. This research adopted a thematic analysis, and data were analysed manually. Findings This study clustered the 16 distinct impacts of community disruptions on construction projects into industry, community and infrastructure development impacts. The 16 distinct areas include social cohesion and community wellness, community economy, community development and impact on contractors, professionals and the industry. Others are economic impact, distinctions between public and private sectors, social impact, effects on project duration, project costs, project quality, severe consequences of physical harm and loss of life, intimidation, emotional harm, the need for assessing trends and extortion. Originality/value As part of this study’s value, the impact resulting from community disruptions on construction projects in South Africa has important implications for policymakers, industry stakeholders and researchers. By highlighting the complexities of the impact of community disruptions and offering new insights, this research lays the groundwork for more effective strategies to address this critical issue.
Deepika Dayalan | International Journal of Innovative Research in Engineering & Multidisciplinary Physical Sciences
Primavera P6 is one of the most suitable software for construction and engineering projects. Nevertheless, for the more complex project, the following are the disadvantages of P6. Therefore, this paper … Primavera P6 is one of the most suitable software for construction and engineering projects. Nevertheless, for the more complex project, the following are the disadvantages of P6. Therefore, this paper aims to describe the challenges of applying Primavera P6 in a project environment. They include managing dynamic schedules, resources, interfaces with other systems and processes, and adapting to new paradigms in managing projects. Hence, the analysis will give project managers the mechanism of knowing when P6 may require other tools or methods to provide the best result in complex projects.
Background: Project team integration is a critical characteristic influencing the effective execution of projects. However, court-building projects in Kenya, funded by the World Bank and the Government, have experienced significant … Background: Project team integration is a critical characteristic influencing the effective execution of projects. However, court-building projects in Kenya, funded by the World Bank and the Government, have experienced significant delays and cost overruns. Objective: This study hypothesizes that project team integration does not significantly affect the execution of court buildings in Kenya concerning time, cost, site disputes, and quality. Methods: A mixed-methods research strategy was employed, incorporating questionnaires, interview guides, and document content analysis. The validity and reliability of the results were verified using principal component analysis and Cronbach alpha approaches. Descriptive statistics analysed quantitative data, while correlation and regression analyses were used for inferential statistics. Results: The findings indicated that project team integration significantly influenced project execution in terms of time but did not have a notable impact on cost, site disputes, or quality. Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of team integration as a key driver for efficiency and success within the construction industry. By fostering collaborative and cohesive team environments, organizations can achieve substantial improvements in project scheduling and timely completion, ultimately ensuring the successful delivery of high-quality infrastructure projects. Implications: The research provides valuable insights for project management practitioners, policymakers, scholars, and stakeholders involved in court construction implementation in Kenya.
R. M. Myniv , Olha Khrystenko | Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies
It was found that the creation of a project package for managing an organization in the event of a crisis will allow for strengthening control and the management system, transparency … It was found that the creation of a project package for managing an organization in the event of a crisis will allow for strengthening control and the management system, transparency of processes, which will accordingly reduce the risks of abuse, as well as ensure the proper implementation of crisis processes and allow preserving the organization's assets. The logic of implementing a project package is related to the subsequent stage of anti-crisis management from reaching agreements with creditors, liquidating non-financial assets, reviewing economic activities and production programs to ensuring the long-term sustainable development of the enterprise. A number of criteria have been established that organizations should pay attention to for the successful and effective implementation of anti-crisis projects: the mental correctness of the selected or developed low-cost elements of the project, the sequence of stages, teams, deadlines and budget; the uniqueness of each project. Under these circumstances, a reasonable approach to the uniqueness of the project will represent a purposeful search for opportunities to achieve growth and development of the organization where it has not found competition; situationality: we must combine the key factors of the future, that is, the strategic success of this organization, and the specifics of a particular situation; uncertainty as a strategic opportunity, the external environment is becoming increasingly unpredictable, but we must perceive these changes not only as a threat, but also as an opportunity to achieve success in the future; the last criterion follows from the previous one - flexible suitability. Changes in the enterprise must correspond to external changes, which, first of all, will allow us to realize potentially involved new opportunities in the external environment of the enterprise. Urgent anti-crisis management projects include the following types: cost reduction projects, involve identifying opportunities and implementing measures to reduce costs; projects to reduce the volume of operations, include a radical way to reduce the organization; combined projects, are implemented through portfolio restructuring and compensation for losses of organizations; projects to exit core activities are the development of consistent measures for the organization in the face of the threat of bankruptcy.
This study explores the adoption and impact of integrated reporting (IR) in South Africa and the United Kingdom, two countries with distinct regulatory approaches. The research adopts an interpretivist paradigm … This study explores the adoption and impact of integrated reporting (IR) in South Africa and the United Kingdom, two countries with distinct regulatory approaches. The research adopts an interpretivist paradigm and follows an exploratory, non-empirical approach through a detailed traditional literature review. The study examines the historical development of IR, identifies country-specific contextual factors, and compares the practices of South Africa and the United Kingdom. Findings from the review show that regulatory emphasis of South Africa fosters compliance but may limit authentic engagement with IR principles. Meanwhile, the market-driven approach of the United Kingdom encourages creativity but struggles with the absence of uniformity in reporting quality. The study highlights the need for tailored IR frameworks that align with the unique governance systems of each country. The findings suggest that South Africa should focus on incorporating IR principles more deeply into strategic decision-making to ensure meaningful outcomes. In the United Kingdom, clear and consistent guidelines could help improve the quality of IR while retaining the flexibility valued by organisations. Collaboration between countries could facilitate the sharing of best practices and address common challenges in IR implementation. This study contributes to global discussions on sustainable corporate reporting and provides crucial insights for policymakers, business leaders, and academics.
This study rigorously examines the relationships among the principal drivers of sustainable project success (SPS) within the health sector, including Sustainable Project Management (SPM), Sustainable Project Planning (SPP), and Project … This study rigorously examines the relationships among the principal drivers of sustainable project success (SPS) within the health sector, including Sustainable Project Management (SPM), Sustainable Project Planning (SPP), and Project Team (PT) attitudes towards sustainability. Utilizing 240 observations, the article illustrates robust relationships and antecedents of sustainable project success in the health sector. The influence of SPM (reflective-reflective) on SPS through the mediating variables SPP and PT was evaluated using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). The objective of this research was to investigate the impact of SPM on SPS in the healthcare domain. A cross-sectional survey was employed to gather data from individuals directly or indirectly engaged in sustainable project management, such as doctors, nurses, paramedic staff, and administrative personnel in the health sector of Pakistan. Ultimately, 240 responses were analysed, followed by a partial least squares analysis. The findings revealed that sustainable project management significantly influences sustainable project success through sustainable project planning and project team attitudes towards sustainability. Furthermore, the results indicate that both SPP and PT mediate the relationship between SPM and SPS. These findings contribute to the existing body of knowledge regarding the project life cycle and imply that sustainable project planning is a crucial mechanism recognized within the discipline of project management, particularly in the context of achieving sustainable project success in healthcare projects. Such results may serve as a reference point for organizations intending to incorporate additional variables into the sustainable project process with minor methodological adjustments, ultimately to maximize the potential impact towards attaining sustainable project success.
Purpose Managing cash flow risk across multiple concurrent construction projects presents significant challenges due to inherent uncertainties and complexities, which can jeopardize a company’s financial stability and project success. This … Purpose Managing cash flow risk across multiple concurrent construction projects presents significant challenges due to inherent uncertainties and complexities, which can jeopardize a company’s financial stability and project success. This research aims to develop a robust and reliable model for effective cash flow prediction and risk management in the construction industry. Design/methodology/approach We propose a novel framework that integrates value at risk (VaR) with simulation-based optimization techniques to quantify and manage the impact of various financial risks on cash flow across multiple projects. This robust predictive method combines theoretical and practical approaches, advancing existing cash flow management practices in construction project management and finance. Findings The study demonstrates that traditional cash flow management methods often fail to account for the cumulative risks in multi-project environments. Our approach effectively mitigates the adverse effects of financial volatility by providing a probabilistic assessment of potential losses, ensuring alignment of cash flows with established baselines and thereby improving project outcomes and financial resilience. Originality/value This research makes a significant contribution by introducing an innovative method that applies VaR to construction cash flow management for multiple concurrent projects – a novel application in this context. By addressing the major difficulties of quantifying and managing financial risks in complex project portfolios, our approach offers new insights and practical tools for enhancing financial planning, risk management and overall resilience in the construction industry.
Pranav Anand Vikram Chandra , Harish Kaushik , Nivea Thomas +1 more | Journal of Legal Affairs and Dispute Resolution in Engineering and Construction
V. Mokalake , Christopher Amoah | Journal of Legal Affairs and Dispute Resolution in Engineering and Construction
The Constituency Development Fund (CDF) has become a key mechanism for delivering small-scale urban infrastructure in Zambia. However, persistent challenges such as project delays, cost overruns, and quality deficiencies undermine … The Constituency Development Fund (CDF) has become a key mechanism for delivering small-scale urban infrastructure in Zambia. However, persistent challenges such as project delays, cost overruns, and quality deficiencies undermine the effectiveness of these interventions. This study addresses a critical gap in the literature and practice by developing a novel performance forecasting model tailored to the unique governance and technical context of CDF-funded projects. The model integrates Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference Systems (ANFIS) with the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to forecast performance across five key indicators: cost-effectiveness, schedule adherence, quality compliance, safety performance, and client satisfaction. Using stakeholder data from 196 respondents and historical project records, the model was trained and validated using MATLAB. It achieved strong predictive accuracy, with a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.92 and a root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.09. These results demonstrate the model’s utility as a decision-support tool for local authorities and urban planners, enabling early detection of underperformance and facilitating proactive interventions. The model contributes to performance-based planning by providing a data-driven, stakeholder-informed forecasting framework that is adaptable to resource-constrained environments. Its application can enhance transparency, optimize resource use, and support inclusive urban development in rapidly growing municipalities.
Purpose Avoiding disputes in the New Zealand (NZ) construction industry is crucial but challenging. While many studies focus on post-contract measures, there is limited research on pre-contract dispute avoidance, especially … Purpose Avoiding disputes in the New Zealand (NZ) construction industry is crucial but challenging. While many studies focus on post-contract measures, there is limited research on pre-contract dispute avoidance, especially in traditionally procured projects, which are more prone to disputes in NZ. Therefore, the purpose of this is to study investigate pre-contract steps to avoid potential disputes in NZ and present the findings in an interactive toolkit. Design/methodology/approach An analysis of 35 construction-related court cases in NZ was conducted to identify the causes of disputes, and 14 expert interviews were carried out to collect recommendations for the pre-contract stage to avoid potential disputes. The gathered data were analysed manually, then recorded and coded using NVIVO software. Microsoft Power BI was used for data modelling and toolkit interface development (data visualisation). During one-to-one interviews and focus group sessions, 16 industry practitioner responses were considered to validate and refine the toolkit. Findings The toolkit has been located on an online platform, allowing users to access it conveniently. The finalised toolkit provides a user-centred and flexible way to select the pre-contract stage, party and theme to visualise dispute avoidance steps and their relationships towards the causes of disputes. Originality/value The toolkit offers guidance for avoiding disputes in traditionally procured projects before construction begins, focusing on contractual understanding, practices, contract formation and expectations. The interactive nature of the toolkit assists practitioners from contractor, client and consultants to configure dispute avoidance steps in a user-friendly manner. The tender preparation and pricing stage is identified as the stage where more focus is worthwhile to minimise potential post-contract disputes. This toolkit could evolve into new versions for other procurement methods, and its outcomes could train language models for improved conversation handling.
Rajiv Ranjan , Murali Jagannathan , Pooja Chandran +1 more | Journal of Legal Affairs and Dispute Resolution in Engineering and Construction
Construction industry significantly shapes the built environment by providing essential infrastructure, housing and commercial spaces for the growing population. However, its expansion brings detrimental environmental and social impacts. This paper … Construction industry significantly shapes the built environment by providing essential infrastructure, housing and commercial spaces for the growing population. However, its expansion brings detrimental environmental and social impacts. This paper examines factors influencing the adoption of sustainable construction practices in building development projects in Ruiru Municipality, Kenya. Data was collected using questionnaires which were administered to contractors, site supervisors and project managers in 95 building development projects. Stratified random sampling technique was used to sample the building development projects. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics such as frequencies, percentages, mean, and relative importance index, alongside inferential statistics that include KruskalWallis H test and Pearson Correlation test. The findings reveal that contractors, site supervisors and project managersare aware and knowledgeable about sustainable construction practices, but affordability greatly influence their adoption in building development projects. Other factors included market demand, commitment and cooperation, emerging technologies and regulations. This study therefore recommends that frequent awareness creation, enforcement mechanism and fiscal incentives are imperative in order to promote the adoption of sustainable construction practices.
This study assesses the performance impact of lean construction practices in Engineering, Procurement, and Construction (EPC) projects in China. While lean methods have demonstrated substantial benefits in conventional construction, their … This study assesses the performance impact of lean construction practices in Engineering, Procurement, and Construction (EPC) projects in China. While lean methods have demonstrated substantial benefits in conventional construction, their implementation in the EPC context—characterized by higher complexity and integration—remains underexplored, particularly within the Chinese infrastructure sector. This research develops a structured framework that classifies lean practices into five functional categories: planning and scheduling (PS), process and workflow optimization (PWO), quality and safety enhancement (QSE), resource and maintenance (RM), and visualization and communication (VC). This study evaluates the influence of these practices on four key performance indicators: efficiency and resource management, quality and safety, stakeholder satisfaction, and organizational and market impact. Data were collected from 456 EPC stakeholders via a structured questionnaire and analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings reveal that PS, PWO, and QSE exert the strongest positive effects on performance, while RM and VC contribute in more context-specific ways. The results highlight the value of lean practices for improving operational performance, stakeholder engagement, and sustainability in complex project delivery systems and underscore the need for policy support and digital integration to enhance lean adoption in Chinese EPC sector.
Engineering Visual Presentation E08 Capital megaprojects (>US$1 billion) face a 65% failure rate, defined as cost overruns ≥25%, schedule delays ≥5%, or significant operational problems. Our research reveals six critical … Engineering Visual Presentation E08 Capital megaprojects (>US$1 billion) face a 65% failure rate, defined as cost overruns ≥25%, schedule delays ≥5%, or significant operational problems. Our research reveals six critical factors driving failures. (1) People and organisation (25–26% of issues): 70% of projects understaffed; only 15% of organisations report high agility. (2) Technical challenges (21–23%): operators often unprepared, especially in complex environments. (3) Governance (18%): 58% of projects misaligned with strategy; short-term focus impacts lifecycle value. (4) External stakeholders (14%): early engagement failures lead to disruptions. (5) Contracting and procurement (12–13%): inefficient strategies impact schedules, costs, and quality. (6) Project management processes (6–9%): poor front-end loading (FEL) implementation; projects average 26 months late. Our work has identified key mitigations for each. (1) Secure experienced teams: hire proven leaders and their established teams; implement talent management programs. (2) Early technology screening: engage vendors early, opt for proven technologies with ‘frozen experience’. (3) Prioritise lifecycle value: use reference class forecasting for realistic predictions; integrate risk assessment into decision-making. (4) Proactive stakeholder engagement: identify and engage stakeholders early, tailor communication strategies. (5) Strategic procurement: leverage sourcing power, establish vendor relationships, pre-order critical items. (6) Thorough FEL: allocate sufficient budget and time for detailed scope definition and risk assessment; use rigorous peer reviews. We bring our case study where targeted interventions orchestrated through a digital asset in front-end engineering and design (FEED) mitigated >A$1.5 B in capital expenditure (CAPEX) costs for a megaproject. By addressing these six areas systematically, the industry can significantly improve megaproject success rates and achieve the coming energy transformation capital delivery wave. To access the Visual Presentation click on the link on the right. To read the full paper click here
Government operates through policies to resolve pressing issues and stimulate the economy. These policies have become increasingly central in recent discussions among construction industry stakeholders. Yet, contrasting perspectives continue to … Government operates through policies to resolve pressing issues and stimulate the economy. These policies have become increasingly central in recent discussions among construction industry stakeholders. Yet, contrasting perspectives continue to emerge within the industry from experts. Therefore, this study analyzes the key constraints and effects indices of diverse government policies on construction industry stakeholders. Employing a quantitative method approach, the research utilized a survey design with 138 respondents as the sample size from a total population of 213, using random sampling techniques and structured questionnaires as data collection instruments. Analysis of the data indicated that fuel subsidy removal, naira devaluation/floating, and exchange rates are the major key constraint policies, with effect indices of 3.93, 3.38, and 3.25, and a total average effects index of 2.95, which is above the minimum threshold figure on the significance scale. The findings show that there is no significant difference among all construction stakeholders on the effect of those policies on the industry. Furthermore, this indicates that such effects may increase as these policies continue to not meet the industry's needs and challenges, as stated by contingency theory. In conclusion, government policies should always be tailored towards improving all sectors of the economy by involving all stakeholders in various segments of the economy when conceptualizing policies, in order not to deter contributions made to the GDP by SMEs and foreign investors in developmental projects across the country.
The construction industry faces ongoing criticism for low productivity and quality, partly due to the limitations of traditional manual inspection methods. Integrating information technology (IT) offers a solution by enhancing … The construction industry faces ongoing criticism for low productivity and quality, partly due to the limitations of traditional manual inspection methods. Integrating information technology (IT) offers a solution by enhancing project design, planning, and execution to improve overall efficiency and safety. Despite the evident benefits of IT in the literature, the Nigerian construction industry has yet to fully embrace its potential due to several obstacles, including a lack of technical expertise, cybersecurity concerns, poor internet connectivity, resistance to change, and high digital equipment costs. These challenges contribute to high project failure rates, low productivity, and inefficiency. However, the extent to which these barriers affect IT implementation for quality control in Nigerian construction organisations remains underexplored. This study identifies the barriers hindering the implementation of IT in Nigerian construction organisations. A quantitative research approach was adopted, and data were collected through a structured questionnaire survey from construction firms within Abuja (FCT) and Kaduna State, Nigeria. Out of 120 questionnaires administered, 65 were retrieved, which represents a response rate of 54%. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were conducted to examine the impact of identifiedbarriers on IT implementation. The results indicate that all barriers identified from the literature significantly influence IT adoption in the Nigerian construction industry. Notably, the three most influential barriers are Limited Technical Expertise (mean score = 3.85), Lack of Reliable Internet Connectivity in some areas (mean score = 3.72), and Resistance to Change from Traditional/Manual Processes to IT-based Systems (mean score = 3.58). Based on these findings, the study identifies key barriers to IT implementation in the Nigerian construction organisations, including limited technical expertise, poor internet connectivity, and resistance to change. Addressing these challenges is crucial for improving productivity and efficiency. Structured IT training programs and awareness campaigns are recommended for industry professionals and government stakeholders. These efforts will support a smoother transition to digital integration. Embracing IT solutions will ultimately enhance project outcomes and industry growth.
Hassan Qudrat-Ullah | Edward Elgar Publishing eBooks