Dentistry › Orthodontics

Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics

Works Count: 51673

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Description

This cluster of papers represents a comprehensive exploration of advancements in orthodontic research and treatment, covering topics such as orthodontic tooth movement, orthognathic surgery, dental esthetics, mini-implants, craniofacial deformity, malocclusion, facial morphology, periodontal effects, treatment timing, and quality of life.

Keywords

Orthodontic Tooth Movement; Orthognathic Surgery; Dental Esthetics; Mini-implants; Craniofacial Deformity; Malocclusion; Facial Morphology; Periodontal Effects; Treatment Timing; Quality of Life

Miniscrews as orthodontic anchorage: a preliminary report.

1998-01-01

Amanda Carolina COSTA , M Raffainl , Birte Melsen

The problems related to anchorage for orthodontic tooth movements in patients with deficient dentition are discussed, and various solutions suggested in the literature, including "onplants," implants, and zygoma wires, are … The problems related to anchorage for orthodontic tooth movements in patients with deficient dentition are discussed, and various solutions suggested in the literature, including "onplants," implants, and zygoma wires, are evaluated. A miniscrew is presented as alternative anchorage, and possible locations for placement are discussed, based on studies of bone quality in dry skulls. Application of the miniscrew as anchorage for various types of tooth movement is demonstrated. Miniscrews are easily placed and removed and can be loaded immediately following insertion. However, stability is limited after loading with torsion.

Soft tissue cephalometric analysis for orthognathic surgery.

1980-10-01

Legan Hl , Burstone Cj

A soft tissue cephalometric analysis designed for the patient who requires surgical-orthodontic car was developed to complement a previously reported dentoskeletal analysis. To make it clinically practical, the analysis has … A soft tissue cephalometric analysis designed for the patient who requires surgical-orthodontic car was developed to complement a previously reported dentoskeletal analysis. To make it clinically practical, the analysis has been reduced to its most relevant and significant measurements. Used along with other diagnostic aids, this soft tissue evaluation will enable the clinician to achieve good facial esthetics for his or her patients.

Rapid orthodontics with alveolar reshaping: two case reports of decrowding.

2001-02-01

William M. Wilcko , Thomas Wilcko , Jerry E. Bouquot +1 more

Two case reports demonstrate a new orthodontic method that offers short treatment times and the ability to simultaneously reshape and increase the buccolingual thickness of the supporting alveolar bone. A … Two case reports demonstrate a new orthodontic method that offers short treatment times and the ability to simultaneously reshape and increase the buccolingual thickness of the supporting alveolar bone. A 24-year-old man with a Class I severely crowded malocclusion and an overly constricted maxilla with concomitant posterior crossbites and a 17-year-old female with a Class I moderately to severely crowded malocclusion requested shortened orthodontic treatment times. This new surgery technique included buccal and lingual full-thickness flaps, selective partial decortication of the cortical plates, concomitant bone grafting/augmentation, and primary flap closure. Following the surgery, orthodontic adjustments were made approximately every 2 weeks. From bracketing to debracketing, both cases were completed in approximately 6 months and 2 weeks. Posttreatment evaluation of both patients revealed good results. At approximately 15 months following surgery in one patient, a full-thickness flap was again reflected. Visual examination revealed good maintenance of the height of the alveolar crest and an increased thickness in the buccal bone. The canine and premolars in this area were expanded buccally by more than 3 mm, and yet there had actually been an increase in the buccolingual thickness of the overlying buccal bone. Additionally, a preexisting bony fenestration buccal of the root of the first premolar was covered. Both of these findings lend credence to the incorporation of the bone augmentation procedure into the corticotomy surgery because this made it possible to complete the orthodontic treatment with a more intact periodontium. The rapid expansive tooth movements with no significant apical root resorption may be attributed to the osteoclastic or catabolic phase of the regional acceleratory phenomenon. Instead of bony "block" movement or resorption/apposition, the degree of demineralization/remineralization might be a more accurate explanation of what occurs in the alveolar bone during physiologic tooth movement in these patients.

Prevalence of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment need in the United States: estimates from the NHANES III survey.

1998-01-01

Proffit Wr , H W Fields , L J Moray

Data from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) provide a clear picture of malocclusion in the US population. Noticeable incisor irregularity occurs in the majority of … Data from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) provide a clear picture of malocclusion in the US population. Noticeable incisor irregularity occurs in the majority of all racial/ethnic groups, with only 35% of adults having well-aligned mandibular incisors. Irregularity is severe enough in 15% that both social acceptability and function could be affected, and major arch expansion or extraction of some teeth would be required for correction. About 20% of the population have deviations from the ideal bite relationship; in 2% these are severe enough to be disfiguring and are at the limit for orthodontic correction. In Mexican-Americans compared to the rest of the population, incisor irregularity and both severe Class II and Class III malocclusions are more prevalent, but deep bite and open bite are less prevalent. Application of the Index of Treatment Need to the survey data reveals that 57% to 59% of each racial/ethnic group has at least some degree of orthodontic treatment need. Over 30% of white youths, 11% of Mexican-Americans, and 8% of blacks report receiving treatment. Severe malocclusion is observed more frequently among blacks, which may reflect their lower level of treatment. Treatment is much more frequent in higher income groups, but approximately 5% of those in the lowest income group and 10% to 15% of those in intermediate income groups report being treated.

Mini-implant for orthodontic anchorage.

1997-11-01

Ryuzo Kanomi

The Effect of Solid Surfaces upon Bacterial Activity

1943-07-01

Claude E. ZoBell

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The mechanism of Class II correction in Herbst appliance treatment

1982-08-01

Hans Pancherz

Comparing the Perception of Dentists and Lay People to Altered Dental Esthetics

1999-11-01

VINCENT O. KOKICH , H. Asuman Kiyak , Peter A. Shapiro

Abstract: Purpose: This study was designed to determine the perceptions of lay people and dental professionals with respect to minor variations in anterior tooth size and alignment and their relation … Abstract: Purpose: This study was designed to determine the perceptions of lay people and dental professionals with respect to minor variations in anterior tooth size and alignment and their relation to the surrounding soft tissues. Materials and Methods: Smiling photographs were intentionally altered with one of eight common anterior esthetic discrepancies in varying degrees of deviation, including variations in crown length, crown width, incisor crown angulation, midline, open gingival embrasure, gingival margin, incisal plane, and gingiva‐to‐lip distance. Forty images were randomized in a questionnaire and rated according to attractiveness by three groups: orthodontists, general dentists, and lay people; 300 questionnaires were distributed. Results: The response rate was 88.2% for orthodontists, 51.8% for general dentists, and 60.6% for lay people. The results demonstrated threshold levels of noticeable difference between the varying levels of discrepancy. A maxillary midline deviation of 4 mm was necessary before orthodontists rated it significantly less esthetic than the others. However, general dentists and lay people were unable to detect even a 4‐mm midline deviation. All three groups were able to distinguish a 2‐mm discrepancy in incisor crown angulation. An incisal plane cant of 1 mm as well as a 3‐mm narrowing in maxillary lateral incisor crown width were required by orthodontists and general dentists to be rated significantly less esthetic. Lay people were unable to detect an incisal plane asymmetry until it was 3 mm, or a lateral incisor narrowing until it reached 4 mm. Threshold levels for open gingival embrasure and gingiva‐to‐lip distance were both at 2 mm for the orthodontic group. Open gingival embrasure became detectable by the general dentists and lay people at 3 mm, whereas gingiva‐to‐lip distance was classified by these groups as noticeably unattractive at 4 mm.

Dental esthetics and the golden proportion

1978-09-01

Edwin I. Levin

Do miniscrews remain stationary under orthodontic forces?

2004-07-01

Eric Jein‐Wein Liou , Betty C. J. Pai , James Lin

A longitudinal study of soft tissue facial structures and their profile characteristics, defined in relation to underlying skeletal structures

1959-07-01

J. Daniel Subtelny

Lip posture and its significance in treatment planning

1967-04-01

Charles J. Burstone

Head posture and craniofacial morphology

1976-05-01

Beni Solow , Antje Tallgren

Abstract The associations between craniofacial morphology and the posture of the head and the cervical column were examined in a sample of 120 Danish male students aged 22–30 years. Two … Abstract The associations between craniofacial morphology and the posture of the head and the cervical column were examined in a sample of 120 Danish male students aged 22–30 years. Two head positions were recorded on lateral cephalometric radiographs, one determined by the subject's own feeling of a natural head balance (self balance position), and the other by the subject looking straight into a mirror (mirror position). Craniofacial morphology was described by 42 linear and angular variables, and postural relationships by 18 angular variables. A comprehensive set of correlations was found between craniofacial morphology and head posture. The correlations were similar for both head positions investigated. Of the postural variables, the position of the head in relation to the cervical column showed the largest set of correlations with craniofacial morphology. Extension of the head in relation to the cervical column was found in connection with large anterior and small posterior facial heights, small antero‐posterior craniofacial dimensions, large inclination of the mandible to the anterior cranial base and to the nasal plane, facial retrognathism, a large cranial base angle, and a small nasopharyngeal space. The possible role of functional factors in mediating the relationship between morphology and posture was discussed.

Facial keys to orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. Part I

1993-04-01

G. William Arnett , Robert T. Bergman

A classification of skeletal facial types

1969-02-01

Viken Sassouni

Variations in facial relationships: Their significance in treatment and prognosis

1948-10-01

William B. Downs

A method of cephalometric evaluation

1984-12-01

James A. McNamara

Surgical operations on the alveolar ridge to correct occlusal abnormalities

1959-03-01

H Köle

Factors affecting the clinical success of screw implants used as orthodontic anchorage

2006-07-01

Hyo‐Sang Park , Seong‐Hwa Jeong , Oh-Won Kwon

Maxillary expansion: Clinical implications

1987-01-01

Samir E. Bishara , Robert N. Staley

Facial Growth in Man, Studied with the AID of Metallic Implants

1955-01-01

Arne Björk

(1955). Facial Growth in Man, Studied with the AID of Metallic Implants. Acta Odontologica Scandinavica: Vol. 13, No. 1, pp. 9-34. (1955). Facial Growth in Man, Studied with the AID of Metallic Implants. Acta Odontologica Scandinavica: Vol. 13, No. 1, pp. 9-34.

The “Wits” appraisal of jaw disharmony

1975-02-01

Alex Jacobson

Skeletal and dental changes accompanying rapid midpalatal suture opening

1970-07-01

Robert A. Wertz

Evaluation of the risk of root resorption during orthodontic treatment: A study of upper incisors

1988-02-01

E. Levander , Olle Malmgren

The purpose of the study was to investigate the risk of severe apical root resorption after orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances in relation to resorption after initial treatment, 6–9 months; … The purpose of the study was to investigate the risk of severe apical root resorption after orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances in relation to resorption after initial treatment, 6–9 months; and in relation to apical root form. The risk of severe apical root resorption in relation to resorption after 6–9 months of treatment was studied on 390 upper incisors in 98 consecutive patients (55 boys, 43 girls). Intra-oral radiographs before treatment, after 6–9 months and after treatment were evaluated. The importance of the root form (normal, short, blunt, apically bent, pipette shaped) for root resorption was studied on 610 upper incisors in 153 patients (75 boys, 78 girls). Intra-oral radiographs before and after treatment were evaluated. Treatment was performed with an edgewise or a Begg technique and lasted from 11 to 29 months. An index from 0 to 4 (Fig. 1) was used for the evaluation of the degree of root resorption. Root resorption after treatment was significantly related to the resorption after the initial 6–9 months. The results indicate a risk of severe resorption in teeth with minor resorptions after 6–9 months. Even an irregular root contour after 6–9 months indicates a risk of severe resorption. No-severe resorption was found after treatment in teeth without resorption after 6–9 months. The degree of root resorption in teeth with blunt or pipette shaped roots was significantly higher than in teeth with a normal root form.

Some esthetic factors in a smile

1984-01-01

Anthony H.L. Tjan , Gary D. Miller , Josephine G.P. The

Cellular, molecular, and tissue-level reactions to orthodontic force

2006-04-01

Vinod Krishnan , Zéev Davidovitch

The aesthetic smile: diagnosis and treatment

1996-06-01

David A. Garber , Maurice Salama

An evaluation of changes in mandibular anterior alignment from 10 to 20 years postretention

1988-05-01

Robert M. Little , Richard A. Riedel , Jon Årtun

Skeletal anchorage system for open-bite correction

1999-02-01

Mikako Umemori , Junji Morishita , Hideo Mitani +2 more

The importance of incisor positioning in the esthetic smile: The smile arc

2001-08-01

David M. Sarver

A soft-tissue cephalometric analysis and its use in orthodontic treatment planning. Part II

1984-04-01

Reed A. Holdaway

Clinical use of miniscrew implants as orthodontic anchorage: Success rates and postoperative discomfort

2007-01-01

Shingo Kuroda , Yasuyo Sugawara , Toru Deguchi +2 more

How well does Invisalign work? A prospective clinical study evaluating the efficacy of tooth movement with Invisalign

2009-01-01

Neal D Kravitz , Budi Kusnoto , Ellen A. BeGole +2 more

Stability and relapse of mandibular anterior alignment—first premolar extraction cases treated by traditional edgewise orthodontics

1981-10-01

Robert M. Little , Terry R. Wallen , Richard A. Riedel

Incidence of white spot formation after bonding and banding

1982-02-01

Leonard Gorelick , Arnold M. Geiger , A. John Gwinnett

The Irregularity Index: A quantitative score of mandibular anterior alignment

1975-11-01

Robert M. Little

The Cervical Vertebral Maturation (CVM) Method for the Assessment of Optimal Treatment Timing in Dentofacial Orthopedics

2005-09-01

Tiziano Baccetti , Lorenzo Franchi , James A. McNamara

The principles of visual perception and their clinical application to denture esthetics

1973-04-01

Richard E. Lombardi

A concept of facial esthetics.

1970-10-01

Harvey Peck , Sheldon Peck

Abstract No Abstract Available. Department of Orthodontics, Boston University School of Graduate Dentistry. Presented in part at the eighteenth biennial meeting of the E. H. Angle Society, Denver, November 1969. Abstract No Abstract Available. Department of Orthodontics, Boston University School of Graduate Dentistry. Presented in part at the eighteenth biennial meeting of the E. H. Angle Society, Denver, November 1969.

Efficacy of clear aligners in controlling orthodontic tooth movement: A systematic review

2014-11-20

Gabriele Rossini , Simone Parrini , Tommaso Castroflorio +2 more

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the scientific evidence related to the efficacy of clear aligner treatment (CAT) in controlling orthodontic tooth movement. Materials and Methods: PubMed, PMC, NLM, Embase, Cochrane Central … ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the scientific evidence related to the efficacy of clear aligner treatment (CAT) in controlling orthodontic tooth movement. Materials and Methods: PubMed, PMC, NLM, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Clinical Trials, Web of Knowledge, Scopus, Google Scholar, and LILACs were searched from January 2000 to June 2014 to identify all peer-reviewed articles potentially relevant to the review. Methodological shortcomings were highlighted and the quality of the studies was ranked using the Cochrane Tool for Risk of Bias Assessment. Results: Eleven relevant articles were selected (two Randomized Clinical Trials (RCT), five prospective non-randomized, four retrospective non-randomized), and the risk of bias was moderate for six studies and unclear for the others. The amount of mean intrusion reported was 0.72 mm. Extrusion was the most difficult movement to control (30% of accuracy), followed by rotation. Upper molar distalization revealed the highest predictability (88%) when a bodily movement of at least 1.5 mm was prescribed. A decrease of the Little's Index (mandibular arch: 5 mm; maxillary arch: 4 mm) was observed in aligning arches. Conclusions: CAT aligns and levels the arches; it is effective in controlling anterior intrusion but not anterior extrusion; it is effective in controlling posterior buccolingual inclination but not anterior buccolingual inclination; it is effective in controlling upper molar bodily movements of about 1.5 mm; and it is not effective in controlling rotation of rounded teeth in particular. However, the results of this review should be interpreted with caution because of the number, quality, and heterogeneity of the studies.

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Perceptions of dental professionals and laypersons to altered dental esthetics: Asymmetric and symmetric situations

2006-08-01

Vincent O. Kokich , Vincent G. Kōkich , H. Asuman Kiyak

Prevalence of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment need in children and adolescents in Bogota, Colombia. An epidemiological study related to different stages of dental development

2001-04-01

Birgit Thilander

The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of malocclusion in a population of Bogotanian children and adolescents in terms of different degrees of severity in relation to … The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of malocclusion in a population of Bogotanian children and adolescents in terms of different degrees of severity in relation to sex and specific stages of dental development, in order to evaluate the need for orthodontic treatment in this part of Colombia. A sample of 4724 children (5–17 years of age) was randomly selected from a population that attended the Dental Health Service; none had been orthodontically treated. Based on their dental stages the subjects were grouped into deciduous, early mixed, late mixed and permanent dentition. The registrations were performed according to a method by Bjõrk et al. (1964). The need for orthodontic treatment was evaluated according to an index used by the Swedish National Board of Health.

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Root resorption associated with orthodontic tooth movement: A systematic review

2010-04-01

Belinda J. Weltman , Katherine W. L. Vig , Henry W. Fields +2 more

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Components of class II malocclusion in children 8-10 years of age.

1981-07-01

James A. McNamara

Abstract A cross-sectional lateral cephalometric evaluation of the distribution of specific relationships in subjects with a Class II malocclusion. Broad variation was found, with retrusion and excessive height of the … Abstract A cross-sectional lateral cephalometric evaluation of the distribution of specific relationships in subjects with a Class II malocclusion. Broad variation was found, with retrusion and excessive height of the lower face among the most common findings. Presented at the Biennial meeting of the Edward H. Angle Society of Orthodontists, Hilton Head, South Carolina, October, 1979.

Perspectives in the clinical application of cephalometrics. The first fifty years.

1981-04-01

Robert Ricketts

Abstract The story of cephalometrics is reviewed from the viewpoint of a clinician seeking the maximum in useful information. The various approaches are traced from early efforts to current frontiers … Abstract The story of cephalometrics is reviewed from the viewpoint of a clinician seeking the maximum in useful information. The various approaches are traced from early efforts to current frontiers and future prospects. Current applications are presented with full documentation for clinical use. Read before the 1980 meetings of the Northern and Southern California Components of the Edward H. Angle Society.

A soft-tissue cephalometric analysis and its use in orthodontic treatment planning. Part I

1983-07-01

Reed A. Holdaway

Longitudinal analysis of bite force and strength of orofacial tissues during orthodontic aligner treatment

2025-06-25

Sara Gollino , Marcelo Palinkas , Fernanda Cristina Toloi Rufato +5 more | Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics / Fortschritte der Kieferorthopädie

Characteristics of Skeletal Malocclusion in Orthognathic Surgery Patients at Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Indonesia: A 5-Year Study

2025-06-24

O. Shuka | International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Serial Case Report: Intra-operative Usage of 3D-Printed Surgical Devices in Orthognathic Surgery for Patients with Malocclusion

2025-06-24

Indra Mulyawan | International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Unraveling Orthognathic Surgery Stability with Fixed Appliances vs. Clear Aligners

2025-06-24

Marco Caminiti , Tal Capucha | International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

A Surgical Approach to Enhancing Orthodontic Treatment Outcomes

2025-06-24

G. Aliyeva , Eldar Aliyev | International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

3D-Printed Custom Cutting Guides and Plates in Orthognathic Surgery: Accuracy, Efficiency, and Benefits

2025-06-24

A. Meriano , Giulia Amodeo , Paolo Arangio +1 more | International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

"Maximizing Outcome; Why Simultaneous TMJ & Orthognathic Surgery Beats Staged Approaches"

2025-06-24

Anuj Dadhich | International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Clinical Technique Case Report: Mandible Ostectomy for Correction of Facial Asymmetry

2025-06-24

Wen-Ken Tai , Chang Youn Lee | International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Accuracy Analysis of Mandibular Sagittal Split Osteotomy Using Patient-Specific Guides and Implants in Orthognathic Surgery

2025-06-24

Mark A. Scheurer , Martin Ebeling , Frank Wilde +2 more | International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Evaluation of Functional, Aesthetic, and TMJ outcomes in Orthognathic Surgery: A 10 year Retrospective Audit

2025-06-24

I. Heddi | International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Can Fractal Analysis Predict Pterygomaxillary Separation Pattern in Lefort 1 Osteotomy?

2025-06-24

Begüm Yener , Emrah Soylu , Yusuf Nuri Kaba +2 more | International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Artificial Intelligence–Based Transformations between Facial and Skeletal Shapes for Virtual Planning in Orthognathic Surgery

2025-06-24

Jian Bao , T. L. S. L. , Tao Huang | International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Evaluation of Segmental Osteotomy vs Orthodontic Retraction in Management of Patients with Bimaxillary Protrusion

2025-06-24

Na Kong , Chee Weng Yong , Raymond Chung Wen Wong | International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Perioperative Evaluation for Sleeping Posture of Patients with Dentofacial Deformity

2025-06-24

Shigeki Nishino , Kazuhiro Ooi , N. Mirzaeva +6 more | International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Long-Term Stability of Orthognathic Surgery for the Correction of Class II Malocclusion

2025-06-24

G. Van Hemelen , Herman Vercruysse , Nasser Nadjmi +2 more | International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Automatic Quantification of Jaw Asymmetry Using Skull Symmetry Planes in Computer-Assisted Orthognathic Surgery: A Clinical Validation Study

2025-06-24

Patricia Tai , Tao Yang , Y. H. Leung | International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Efficacy and Predictability of Maxillary and Mandibular Dental Arch Expansion with Clear Aligners in Prepuberal Subjects: A Digital Retrospective Analysis

2025-06-24

Silvia Caruso , Alessandro Nota , Chiara Tonelli +5 more | Healthcare

Background/Objectives: Previous studies on clear aligner therapy (CAT) in mixed dentition primarily focused on the predictability of maxillary arch expansion. However, limited evidence is available regarding mandibular arch changes, particularly … Background/Objectives: Previous studies on clear aligner therapy (CAT) in mixed dentition primarily focused on the predictability of maxillary arch expansion. However, limited evidence is available regarding mandibular arch changes, particularly in relation to inter-arch coordination. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and predictability of dental expansion in both the upper and lower arches using Invisalign First® aligners. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted with 15 participants. Dental expansions were assessed before and after treatment using iTero intraoral scans processed with 3D analysis software. Measurements were compared to the predicted movements planned in ClinCheck®. Data normality was verified (Shapiro–Wilk test), descriptive statistics were calculated, and paired t-tests were performed to compare clinical and predicted expansions, with significance set at 0.05. Results: Clear aligners achieved effective dento-alveolar expansion in both arches. Predictability was higher at the cusp level than at the gingival level, indicating a tendency toward tipping movements rather than bodily expansion. The study also highlighted mandibular expansion outcomes and gingival-level discrepancies, providing new insights compared to the previous literature. Minor differences between predicted and achieved movements were observed, partly attributable to natural growth and deciduous tooth exfoliation. Conclusions: Clear aligners are effective in achieving maxillary and mandibular arch expansion in mixed dentition, with good predictability at the coronal level. Overengineering buccal root torque may help promote bodily expansion and reduce cuspal–gingival discrepancies. Further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to optimize treatment planning and predictability.

REABILITAÇÃO ESTÉTICA DE INCISIVOS SUPERIORES COM RESINA COMPOSTA: RELATO DE CASO CLÍNICO

2025-06-24

Fabrício Reskalla Amaral , Otávio José De Almeida , Paolo Marinho De Andrade +5 more | Aracê.

Introduction: The search for aesthetic dental treatments has grown significantly in recent years, motivated by the appreciation of personal image and the influence of social networks. Objective: To report a … Introduction: The search for aesthetic dental treatments has grown significantly in recent years, motivated by the appreciation of personal image and the influence of social networks. Objective: To report a clinical case of aesthetic and functional rehabilitation of upper incisors through the replacement of unsatisfactory restorations using the direct technique with composite resin. Methods: A young patient complained of aesthetic dissatisfaction related to previous restorations. After clinical evaluation and aesthetic planning, the restorations were removed, followed by acid etching, application of a self-etching adhesive system and stratification with nanoparticle composite resins. The treatment was completed with finishing and polishing. Results: The procedure resulted in significant aesthetic and functional improvement, positively impacting the patient's self-esteem. Conclusion: The direct technique with composite resin proved to be effective, conservative and low-cost, being an excellent alternative for aesthetic rehabilitation in young patients.

Comparison of Three Different Types of Splints and Templates for Maxilla Repositioning in Bimaxillary Orthognathic Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2025-06-24

H. Chen | International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

A Comparative Study of New Barcelona Line and Traditional Method for 3D Planning Orthognathic Surgery

2025-06-24

S. Öz , Berat Serdar Akdeniz , Ezgi Ergezen +2 more | International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Three-Dimensional Analysis of Smile Transformation in Class III Patients Following Orthognathic Surgery: A Stereophotogrammetric Study

2025-06-24

A. Enez , N. Altparmak , Sıdıka Sinem Soydan +1 more | International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Deep Bite Correction with the Invisalign System: A Case-Series Study

2025-06-24

Trey Spillers , David A. Cruz Walma , Jerry Don Spillers +2 more | European Journal of Dentistry

Abstract This article assesses the dental and skeletal changes resulting from correction of a deep bite using Invisalign clear aligner therapy (Align Technology, Santa Clara, California, United States). This is … Abstract This article assesses the dental and skeletal changes resulting from correction of a deep bite using Invisalign clear aligner therapy (Align Technology, Santa Clara, California, United States). This is a retrospective case series study that analyzed pre- and posttreatment cephalograms for 37 adult deep bite patients. Each patient was treated by one experienced clinician using the same treatment protocol. Ten linear and 9 angular variables were evaluated pre- and posttreatment. The Wilcoxon analysis was used to determine if there was a significant difference in the 19 variables pre- and posttreatment. Statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed for 14 of 19 variables. These included a decrease in overjet (–1.0 mm), decrease in overbite (–4.1 mm), extrusion of the upper first molar (+0.5 mm), intrusion of the upper incisor (–0.6 mm), extrusion of the lower second molar (+1.0 mm), lower first molar (+1.2 mm), lower second premolar (+1.70 mm), and lower first premolar (+1.7 mm), intrusion of the lower incisor (–1.8 mm), proclination of lower incisor (+4.1 degrees), and an increase in sella-nasion- mandibular plane (+0.6 mm). A decrease in anterior occlusal plane was also significant. Invisalign is an effective treatment modality for correcting dental deep bites through posterior extrusion and anterior intrusion. Minimal skeletal changes are seen when correcting deep bites with Invisalign. Results of this study enhance our understanding of the dental and skeletal changes that can be expected when attempting to correct deep bites with clear aligner therapy.

Combined orthodontic-surgical management of skeletal anterior open bite with maxillary constriction: a case report

2025-06-24

A A Simakova , A. V. Suhanovskaya , Л. Н. Горбатова +2 more | Pediatric dentistry and dental prophylaxis

Relevance. The skeletal form of anterior open bite accounts for up to 13.5% of all dentofacial anomalies. In such cases, the outcomes of camouflage treatment tend to be unstable and … Relevance. The skeletal form of anterior open bite accounts for up to 13.5% of all dentofacial anomalies. In such cases, the outcomes of camouflage treatment tend to be unstable and often require long-term follow-up and adjunctive speech therapy. To shorten the duration of orthodontic treatment, reduce the risk of post-treatment instability within the dentoalveolar complex, and achieve stable functional and aesthetic outcomes, it is advisable to include orthodontic treatment in combination with orthognathic surgery as part of a comprehensive treatment approach. Clinical case description. This article presents a clinical case of a patient with anterior open bite and Class II malocclusion managed post- pubertal growth spurt, a key factor guiding the decision to pursue a combined orthodontic–surgical approach. Conclusion. Combined treatment of anterior open bite and Class II malocclusion in a post-growth patient provides stable long-term functional and aesthetic outcomes and ensures greater post-treatment stability of the dentoalveolar structures.

Navigating the Importance of Orthognathic Miniplate Removal: A Scoping Review

2025-06-24

Marina Mohd Bakri | International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Evaluation of validity and reliability of quantitative Cervical Vertebral Maturation Index (QCVMI): A cross-sectional study

2025-06-24

Abinaya Somaskandhan , Selva Arockiam , V. Uma Maheswari +1 more | International Orthodontics

Orthodontically induced external apical root resorption with clear aligners compared to fixed appliance treatment: An umbrella review

2025-06-23

Madhanraj Selvaraj , Bhaskar Nivethitha , Balasubramanian Madhan | Journal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research

Comprehensive 3D measurements of condyle changes in patients with class III asymmetry after bimaxillary orthognathic surgery

2025-06-23

Chi Zhang , Yule Xu , Yuxiang Wei +5 more | Clinical Oral Investigations

Pressure analysis during impression‐making procedure with various tray designs using a digital occlusion analyzer: An in vitro study

2025-06-23

Minji Sun , Jae‐Young Kim , Seojune Choi +1 more | Journal of Prosthodontics

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the pressures generated under various relief conditions during impression-making using the digital occlusal analyzer. A customized device and impression trays were designed … The purpose of this study was to evaluate the pressures generated under various relief conditions during impression-making using the digital occlusal analyzer. A customized device and impression trays were designed to measure pressure during impression-making. The left half of the tray consistently had a 0.5 mm relief without vent holes as the control group, while the right half featured varying relief and vent hole designs, resulting in six different trays. Two impression materials (Materials A and B) were loaded onto each tray, and relative pressure was measured using the digital occlusal analyzer (T-Scan Novus, Tekscan, Inc.). The pressure-reduction ratio of each experimental side was calculated. Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to evaluate the effect of relief conditions and impression materials on the pressure-reduction ratio, followed by post hoc multiple comparisons with Bonferroni adjustment (α = 0.05). The pressure-reduction ratio was significantly influenced by both impression material and relief amount (p < 0.001), with a significant interaction between the two factors (p < 0.001). In Material A, pressure reduction was significantly greater at 3 mm compared to 1 and 2 mm, whereas in Material B, pressure reduction increased progressively with greater relief amount. Regarding vent hole design, both impression material and vent hole configuration significantly affected pressure reduction (p < 0.001), with no significant interaction (p = 0.767). Designs with smaller but more widely spread vent holes demonstrated significantly greater pressure reductions, with significant differences observed only between the single-hole design and the two- or five-hole designs. Pressure reduction during impression making was influenced by both the viscosity of the material and the pressure-relief tray design. Forming vent holes yielded more consistent and effective results than adjusting the tray relief amount, highlighting the importance of a comprehensive approach that integrates both impression material selection and the application of various pressure-relief tray designs.

Innovative Aesthetic and Functional Orthodontic Planning with Hard and Soft Tissue Analyses

2025-06-23

Andra-Alexandra Stăncioiu , Alexandru Cătălin Motofelea , Anca Adriana Hușanu +4 more | Journal of Clinical Medicine

Background/Objectives: This study aims to investigate the correlation between facial soft tissues, teeth, and skeletal growth patterns in order to provide an accurate diagnosis and orthodontic treatment plan using digital … Background/Objectives: This study aims to investigate the correlation between facial soft tissues, teeth, and skeletal growth patterns in order to provide an accurate diagnosis and orthodontic treatment plan using digital examination of lateral cephalograms. Achieving the best orthodontic outcome begins with an accurate, timely, and thorough diagnosis before starting the treatment phase. Methods: This cross-sectional study investigated the correlation between facial soft tissues, dental hard tissues, and skeletal growth patterns in 100 Romanian orthodontic patients (52 females, 48 males; median age 26 years) using digital lateral cephalograms. The measurements included skeletal parameters (ANB angle, FMA, Wits appraisal), dental parameters (inclinations of upper and lower incisors, interincisal angle), and soft tissue parameters (nasolabial angle, upper and lower lip positions relative to E-plane), all assessed using the AI-powered WEBCEPH software. Statistical analysis was conducted using RStudio (version 4.3.1). Results: A total of 100 subjects (52% female; median age, 26 years [range, 19–32 years]) were evaluated. No significant gender-based differences were found across cephalometric, soft tissue, or dental parameters. When stratified by ANB classification (Class I, 41%; Class II, 48%; Class III, 11%), significant differences emerged in the interincisal angle (p = 0.047), L1-to-LOP measurement (p < 0.001), lip-to-E-plane distances (p ≤ 0.009), Wits appraisal (p < 0.001), and the ANB angle itself (p < 0.001). Furthermore, stratification by FMA classification revealed expected differences in FMA values (p < 0.001) and a significant variation in the distribution of ANB classes (p = 0.042). All other cephalometric and soft tissue parameters remained comparable across FMA categories. Conclusions: The study highlights the importance of integrating hard and soft tissue analyses in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning to achieve optimal aesthetic and functional outcomes.

Evaluation of Maxillary Dentoalveolar Expansion with Clear Aligners: A Retrospective CBCT Study

2025-06-23

Monica Macrì , Silvia Medori , Felice Festa | Diagnostics

Background/Objectives: Currently, clear aligners are preferred to conventional appliances, especially among adult patients. However, the use of aligners for treating maxillary constriction is still debated in the literature. Therefore, the … Background/Objectives: Currently, clear aligners are preferred to conventional appliances, especially among adult patients. However, the use of aligners for treating maxillary constriction is still debated in the literature. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess maxillary dentoalveolar expansion following clear aligner therapy in adults using CBCT scans. Methods: The study sample encompassed 50 non-growing patients (27 females and 23 males) aged 20 to 42 undergoing clear aligner orthodontics without dental extractions or auxiliaries. Transverse linear distances were measured on initial and final CBCTs and, subsequently, analysed through paired t-test and ANOVA. We considered alveolar bone measurements and interdental widths measured at the buccal apices and cusps from canines to second molars. Results: The buccal alveolar ridge width showed the greatest expansion (1.01 ± 0.38 mm), followed by the palatal alveolar ridge and maxillary alveolar bone. Statistically significant improvements were observed for all interdental measurements. The most considerable changes occurred in the interpremolar cusp distances, while the least changes were seen in the intermolar apex distances. At the cusp level, the average interpremolar widths increased by 3.44 ± 0.22 mm for the first premolars and 3.14 ± 0.27 mm for the second ones. Conclusions: Clear aligner treatment can effectively manage a constricted maxillary arch. We found significant changes in the maxillary alveolar bone. Both inter-apex and inter-cusp widths increased in all teeth, with the highest values in the premolars. Moreover, the increases in interdental distances at both apex and cusp levels were related to tooth position.

Three-Dimensional Dental Analysis in Subjects with Skeletal Malocclusion: A Retrospective Observational Study

2025-06-22

Rosanna Guarnieri , Francesca Squillace , Rachele Podda +4 more | Dentistry Journal

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between skeletal class and dental dimensions analyzed through linear, surface area, and volumetric measurements. Methods: The sample consisted of … Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between skeletal class and dental dimensions analyzed through linear, surface area, and volumetric measurements. Methods: The sample consisted of 90 patients with an average age of 18 years (44 > x > 12). The following tests were used to investigate any correlation between skeletal class and tooth size: Hoeffding’s test, Cramér’s V test, and analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by Tukey’s post hoc HSD test and the logit model. The significance level was set at 0.050. Results: Cramér’s V test indicated a weak association between skeletal class (I, II, III) and total Bolton index (V = 0.167, p < 0.01). The ANOVA results showed that the total inferior volume and the anterior inferior volume were significantly greater (p = 0.012; p = 0.012) in skeletal class III (p = 0.012) than in the other two skeletal classes. The total upper surface area was significantly greater in patients with skeletal class III compared to those with classes II and I (p = 0.029). The anterior superior surface area was significantly greater in skeletal class III than in class II and I (p = 0.028). From the results of the logit analysis, it is possible to state that the third model is able to explain greater variability (21%) in terms of the distribution of results for the variables considered than the first (20%) and the second (14%). Conclusions: Class III skeletal malocclusions are characterized by increased tooth surface and volumetric dimensions compared to class I and class II.

A Quality Study on Patients’ Perceptions After Digitally Driven Smile Creation Including Aligners and Minimally Invasive Prosthetic Restorations

2025-06-21

Marco Tallarico , Aurea Immacolata Lumbau , Mariapia Sorrenti +5 more | Prosthesis

Background: Aesthetic dentistry increasingly demands minimally invasive, predictable, and patient-centered solutions. Digital technologies and AI-driven planning tools are now integral to interdisciplinary treatments. Aim: To evaluate, by means of a … Background: Aesthetic dentistry increasingly demands minimally invasive, predictable, and patient-centered solutions. Digital technologies and AI-driven planning tools are now integral to interdisciplinary treatments. Aim: To evaluate, by means of a 16-item questionnaire, patients’ perceptions of smile aesthetics and oral function before and after receiving clear aligner therapy followed by minimally invasive ceramic veneers, using digital planning and Smile Creator software. Materials and Methods: Five adult patients underwent digital smile design, clear aligner therapy, and feldspathic veneer placement. Pre- and post-treatment perceptions of smile aesthetics and function were assessed using a structured questionnaire. AI-based simulation tools (2D and 4 K TruSmile video previews) were incorporated. Paired t-tests were used to compare outcomes before and after treatment. Results: Mean pre-treatment scores were 4.8 for smile aesthetics and 6.6 for function. Post-treatment scores significantly improved to 9.8 (p = 0.001) and 9.4 (p = 0.002), respectively. Patients rated AI-generated smile previews more favorably than 2D designs and acknowledged the value of digital tools in understanding and accepting treatment. Conclusions: The integration of digital and AI-based tools in aesthetic dentistry enhances patient communication, improves predictability, and enables minimally invasive treatment. Patient satisfaction was high, underscoring the effectiveness of the combined orthodontic and prosthetic approach.

Tratamento humanizado em ortodontia: relato de experiência

2025-06-20

Lidia M. Lima , Daniela Nunes Pinto , Hanna Isa de Oliveira Bezerra +2 more | Revista Interagir

Nos últimos anos, tem aumentado a busca de tratamento ortodôntico por pacientes adultos. Porém, a dor e o desconforto durante o tratamento podem impactar na qualidade de vida e ser … Nos últimos anos, tem aumentado a busca de tratamento ortodôntico por pacientes adultos. Porém, a dor e o desconforto durante o tratamento podem impactar na qualidade de vida e ser desestimulante à sua continuidade. O objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar a experiência de atendimento humanizado e multidisciplinar, prestado por alunos e docentes, a uma paciente atendida no Curso de Especialização em Ortodontia do Centro Universitário Christus. Paciente L. S. N., 49 anos, gênero feminino, normossistêmica, apresentava uma má oclusão de Classe II, conforme diagnóstico clínico e das análises cefalométricas. Para seu tratamento ortodôntico, relatou que não queria utilizar aparelho fixo. Assim, foi escolhido o tratamento ortodôntico com alinhador invisível, do tipo Invisalign®, associado ao uso de ancoragem esquelética com mini-implantes, elásticos e acessórios. Durante a consulta de manutenção mensal, em maio de 2023, a paciente relatou intenso desconforto, principalmente nas regiões dos mini-implantes e dos locais de apoio dos elásticos, o que a fez cogitar em desistir do tratamento. Para oferecer um tratamento humanizado frente às queixas da paciente, na tentativa de minimizá-las, foram realizadas algumas terapias não medicamentosas, por exemplo, colocação de resinas do tipo flow nos acessórios ortodônticos e aplicação da laserterapia, o que mostrou ser fundamental na aceitação do aparelho e para finalização do tratamento proposto.

Interceptive treatment of Class II malocclusion: What are the morphological characteristics of therapeutic success?

2025-06-20

Clarisse Bardin , Julien Strippoli , Sarah Gebeile-Chauty | PubMed

Cooperation and choice of device are not sufficient to predict the success of interceptive treatment in Class II, 1. The aim of this study was to identify specific factors of … Cooperation and choice of device are not sufficient to predict the success of interceptive treatment in Class II, 1. The aim of this study was to identify specific factors of patient morphology that predict success. A retrospective, prognostic, comparative, monocentric, intention-to-treat study was carried out. The criterion for therapeutic success was normalization of the ANB. The success and failure groups were statistically compared with an alpha risk of 5%. 95 patients who underwent interceptive treatment close to their growth peak were included. The probability of successful treatment was a decreasing function of FMA, SNA, ANB and IMPA and an increasing function of SNB, ramus height and mandibular length. The proposed logistic equation offers a sensitivity of 82% and a specificity of 87%. Hyperdivergence below surgical values is not a factor in mandibular response failure. Hypodivergence is a factor in success. A stocky mandible (large ascending ramus, large horizontal ramus) responds well. Rather than ramus height, mandibular length is decisive: the greater the retromandibular height, the greater the chances of success. Pre-existing mandibular incisor vestibuloversion is a factor in failure. The accumulation of negative predictive factors may point towards an alternative therapeutic solution or prompt the patient and family to be informed of the difficulties inherent in the treatment.

Scoping Review—The Effectiveness of Clear Aligners in the Management of Anterior Open Bite in Adult Patients

2025-06-19

Nicolae Daniel Olteanu , Cristian Romanec , Eduard Radu Cernei +3 more | Medicina

Background and Objectives: Anterior open-bite malocclusion remains a challenging orthodontic condition where achieving a positive overbite necessitates precise control of incisor extrusion and molar intrusion. With recent advances in clear … Background and Objectives: Anterior open-bite malocclusion remains a challenging orthodontic condition where achieving a positive overbite necessitates precise control of incisor extrusion and molar intrusion. With recent advances in clear aligner therapy-improved materials, attachment techniques and digital treatment planning-the potential for non-invasive treatment has increased. This scoping review systematically maps the evidence on the efficacy of clear aligners in treating anterior open bite among adult patients, outlines treatment protocols and highlights gaps in the literature. Materials and Methods: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed/Medline, Embase/ScienceDirect and Clarivate/Web of Science for literature published in English between January 2000 and December 2024. Studies involving adult patients treated with clear aligners (predominantly Invisalign®) were included. A two-step screening process was applied, and data were charted according to pre-specified criteria. The review adheres to the PRISMA-ScR checklist guidelines. Results: From an initial pool of 802 articles, 30 met the inclusion criteria following duplicate removal and full-text screening. The evidence suggests that clear aligners can achieve measurable incisor extrusion and posterior intrusion when appropriate auxiliary techniques (e.g., attachments and mini screws) are used. However, digital treatment planning software may overestimate movement predictions, necessitating iterative refinement phases. Patient compliance, clinician expertise and technological limitations are key factors influencing outcomes. Conclusions: Clear aligner therapy represents a promising alternative to fixed appliances for anterior open-bite correction in adults, although challenges remain in achieving precise vertical control. Further high-quality randomized controlled trials and standardized outcome measures are needed to confirm long-term stability and efficacy.

Iterative Finite Element Analysis of Buccolingual Width on Canine Distal Movement in Clear Aligner Treatment

2025-06-19

Hyung‐Chul Lee , Kiyean Kim , Youn-Kyung Choi +3 more | Applied Sciences

This study investigated the biomechanical effects of varying buccolingual beam widths in maxillary first premolar extraction spaces on canine distal bodily movement during clear aligner treatment. Using finite element analysis, … This study investigated the biomechanical effects of varying buccolingual beam widths in maxillary first premolar extraction spaces on canine distal bodily movement during clear aligner treatment. Using finite element analysis, four distinct models were constructed, incorporating beam designs with widths of 0 (edentulous), 1, 2, and 3 mm within the extraction space. Each model underwent a comprehensive 50-stage iterative simulation to evaluate canine displacement patterns, tipping, rotational movements, aligner deformation characteristics, and magnitudes of forces and moments applied to the canines throughout long-term tooth movement. Group 0 (no beam, 0 mm beam width) exhibited the greatest crown displacement and tipping angle. In contrast, Group 2 (2 mm beam width) most effectively reduced the final angulation of the canine, whereas Group 3 (3 mm beam width) was most effective in controlling unwanted rotation and minimizing deformation of the clear aligner. Furthermore, an increase in the beam width was associated with a trend of higher initial force and lower initial moment. Notably, relatively high levels of both force and moment were maintained during the later stages of the simulation, which is advantageous for sustained control of tooth movement. In conclusion, incorporating a beam of 2–3 mm width into the maxillary first premolar extraction space appears to be optimal for managing canine tipping and rotation while promoting bodily movement of the tooth.

Mini-implant Placement Guiding Device (MIG-20): An Innovative 3D Guide

2025-06-19

Shriya Prakash Murarka , Sunita Shrivastav | The Journal of Indian Orthodontic Society

Mini-implant or temporary anchorage device (TAD) have now become an important aspect in the Orthodontic practice worldwide. It has increased the envelope of discrepancy for Orthodontic correction, as more anchorage … Mini-implant or temporary anchorage device (TAD) have now become an important aspect in the Orthodontic practice worldwide. It has increased the envelope of discrepancy for Orthodontic correction, as more anchorage can be harnessed owing to TAD’s. Placement of mini-screw in particular has to be very precise in order to get maximum anchorage without hampering adjacent structures like tooth root and periodontal ligament. Angulation of the screw with respect to bone is of equal importance to gain biomechanical advantage and achieve necessary stability. We have developed a 3-D mini-implant guide, called MIG-20 using basic orthodontic material and then its final design was casted. Placement and working of MIG-20 is explained in this article. Design of MIG-20 has been patented by the authors and the working is been copyrighted. A study has been conducted to evaluate the accuracy of MIG-20 on patients. It has proven to give accurate results in mini-screw placement.

Evaluation of Bone Trabeculation in the Mandible in Patients With Surgically Assisted Rapid Maxillary Expansion by Using Fractal Analysis

2025-06-19

Arş. Gör. Dt. Ersan ÇİÇEK , Martha E. Teke , Ömer Faruk Kaygisiz +3 more | Journal of Craniofacial Surgery

Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the changes in trabecular bone architecture in the condylar neck and angulus regions of the mandible in patients who were treated … Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the changes in trabecular bone architecture in the condylar neck and angulus regions of the mandible in patients who were treated with surgically assisted maxillary extension (SARME) using fractal analysis (FA) techniques. Methods: The study included 37 patients who underwent SARME operation for maxillary transversal deficiency in the Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Maxillofacial Surgery. Fractal values (FV) were measured from the right and left condyle neck and angulus on panoramic radiographs before and 6 months after the operation. Results: As a result of the analysis, statistically significant changes were found in the bilateral condyle neck in pre and postoperative FV scores ( P <0.05), whereas the changes in the angulus region were not statistically significant ( P >0.05). Conclusions: This study concludes that changing occlusion and masticatory forces after SARME surgery change the bone structure in the condyle region of the mandible, increase trabeculation and therefore FV.

Importance of CBCT Analysis in the Preoperative Planning of TAD Placement in the Anterior Maxillary Region

2025-06-18

Iva Jakovljevic , Milica Vasiljevic , Jovana Milanovic +7 more | Applied Sciences

The precise planning of orthodontic temporary anchorage devices (TADs) in the anterior maxilla is crucial due to anatomical complexity. This study aimed to evaluate the bone parameters for mini-implant placement … The precise planning of orthodontic temporary anchorage devices (TADs) in the anterior maxilla is crucial due to anatomical complexity. This study aimed to evaluate the bone parameters for mini-implant placement using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). A total of 65 patients aged 15–50 years underwent CBCT analysis. Measurements were taken in three anterior regions (between and adjacent to central/lateral incisors and canines) at four vertical levels (2 mm, 4 mm, 6 mm, and 8 mm from the alveolar crest). Parameters included interdental width (IDW), buccopalatal bone depth (BPD), and distances from ideal implant points (IPPs) to adjacent structures. Descriptive statistics included means, standard deviations, confidence intervals, and frequency distributions. Statistical analysis revealed age-related differences, with subjects aged 21–30 showing higher CP-IPP and IDW values, and those aged 15–20 showing higher BPD values. Gender differences were noted in IDW and BPD, but not in CP-IPP. The most favorable IDW (≥3 mm) was observed in regio 1 at level A, while unfavorable values were found in regio 2′ at levels C and D. Positive correlations between IDW and BPD were found in multiple regions and levels. These results may guide safer and more predictable TAD placement. Considering that radiographic analysis forms the basis of this study, future in vivo studies are needed to confirm the practical impact of the proposed measurements.

The impact of the degree of upper and lower midline deviation on the aesthetic

2025-06-18

Zainab Mahmood Al-Jammali , Aoss Moez Abed–Alhussian Alyassery , Anas Al-Yasiry +1 more | Romanian Journal of Stomatology

Background and objectives. Patients' concerns about aesthetics have grown significantly, and the midline is the most critical area of a smile from an aesthetic standpoint. The impact of dental midline … Background and objectives. Patients' concerns about aesthetics have grown significantly, and the midline is the most critical area of a smile from an aesthetic standpoint. The impact of dental midline deviation on the patient's aesthetics was investigated in order to establish acceptable midline deviation for artificial teeth arrangement. Materials and methods. 300 undergraduate students with an age range (18-25) years were included to estimate the aesthetics using the Visual Analog Scale. After marking the values assigned to the aesthetics of the smile on their respective scales, the researchers determine the distance between the pupils of the eyes with the aim of drawing a straight vertical line down the patient's face. Once the patient is smiling and the upper and lower teeth are in occlusion, we determine if there is a midline deviation or if the upper midline and lower midline coincide with the midface. Results. The majority of UML (upper midline) and LML (lower midline) was to the left (61.46%) and (62.41%) respectively, the degree of deviation (1-1.5mm) with the largest percentage (55.21%), for upper midline, furthermore, the highest mean value of Visual Analog Scale that impact aesthetics was (4mm). Conclusion. The dental midline may be precisely aligned with the mid face line or at a small deviation from the mid face line (not >2 mm) during construction of artificial dental prosthesis. The lower midline deviation as well as the upper midline deviation were to the left.

Quantitative evaluation of surface roughness and mass loss for different types of composite resins used for clear aligner attachments: an in vitro study

2025-06-18

Rana R. Alshammari , Nada Alshihah , Aljazi H. Aldweesh | Frontiers in Materials

Objectives Due to a lack of thorough published research, orthodontists’ clinical preferences influence the choice of composite resin for clear aligner attachments. According to a recent study on bonded attachments, … Objectives Due to a lack of thorough published research, orthodontists’ clinical preferences influence the choice of composite resin for clear aligner attachments. According to a recent study on bonded attachments, all evaluated composite resins showed notable volumetric loss during brushing and heat cycling; however, brand-specific variations were observed. Nevertheless, mass loss and surface roughness are not directly represented by roughness and weight measurements. Therefore, the aim of this research was to compare the surface roughness and mass loss of six types of composite resins. Materials and methods Ninety rectangular composite resin attachments (2 × 4 × 1 mm) were fabricated using three flowable composite resins (Tetric PowerFlow, Filtek™ Supreme Flowable Restorative, and Clearfil Majesty Flow) and three restorative composite resins (Tetric PowerFill, Filtek™ Supreme XTE Universal, and Estelite Sigma Quick). Surface roughness and mass were recorded at baseline (T1) and after intervention (T2), which included thermocycling, simulated brushing, and abrasive testing. A 3D optical microscope profilometer and an analytical balance were used for measurement. Paired t-tests, one-way ANOVA, and Bonferroni post hoc tests were used for statistical analysis. Results Using paired t- tests, all tested composite resins showed a statistically significant increase in surface roughness and mass loss (p &lt; 0.05), except for Tetric PowerFill, which showed no significant surface change (p = 0.238). This was reflected by a homogenous parallel line as an abrasive effect, without obvious irregularities. Post hoc comparisons of final roughness at T2 between groups revealed that Filtek™ Supreme XTE Universal exhibited the highest surface roughness and the greatest mass loss (2.4% of total weight). Conclusion Tetric PowerFill demonstrated superior resistance to surface wear and mass degradation, making it the most suitable material among those tested for long-term use as clear aligner attachments. In contrast, Filtek™ Supreme XTE Universal was the least resistant, indicating a higher need for clinical monitoring and potential replacement.

Knowledge, Perception and Awareness of Clear Aligner Treatment among General Dentists of Saudi Arabia: A Cross-sectional Study

2025-06-18

Mohammed Mohsen Al Jearah | The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice

The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge, perception, and awareness of general dentist of Saudi Arabia in respect to clear aligner treatment (CAT). A cross-sectional study in … The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge, perception, and awareness of general dentist of Saudi Arabia in respect to clear aligner treatment (CAT). A cross-sectional study in which a 15-question-based questionnaire was sent to 428 general dental practitioners (GDP) across the region of Saudi Arabia via Google Forms. Five questions each were comprehensively designed to evaluate the knowledge, perception, and awareness of the participants. They were asked to fill the questionnaire and send back the form within 30 days. The data were recorded and statistically analyzed. A total of 402 responses were received back with a response rate of 94%. Approximately 91.5% GDP were aware about CAT and 94.7% preferred an orthodontist's opinion before starting case of CAT. Approximately 93.5, 94, and 95% GDP agreed that CAT is more comfortable, less painful and easy to maintain oral hygiene as compared to braces and wires, respectively. Approximately 90 and 45.3% GDP believed that CAT can be used to treat simple and complex cases of malocclusion, respectively. Approximately 71% GDP consider that aligners are less technique sensitive than fixed orthodontics. Approximately 48% GDP believed that aligners must be changed after 2-3 weeks. Approximately 47.5% believed that attachment required on all teeth. Approximately 39% consider aligners as medical waste. General dental practitioners are aware about the concept of aligners, its advantages over braces and patient preferences. However, there is scope of further learning and improvement regarding indication, effectiveness, recommendations, and other technicalities of CAT. Clear aligner treatment is gaining rapid recognition owing to its esthetic advantage, digital workflow and comfortability. This study highlights the awareness of dentists about the general understanding of CAT but also throws light on their limited knowledge about the technical aspects of the treatment. How to cite this article: Al Jearah MM. Knowledge, Perception and Awareness of Clear Aligner Treatment among General Dentists of Saudi Arabia: A Cross-sectional Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2025;26(4):383-387.

A novel machine-learning-based model for prediction of open gingival embrasures between mandibular central incisors after clear aligners treatment: A retrospective cohort study

2025-06-18

Guifeng Li , Feng Guo , Jun Chen +2 more | Research Square (Research Square)

<title>Abstract</title> Objective To develop a machine-learning-based model and construct a nomogram that integrates ClinCheck features and clinical risk factors for accurately predicting open gingival embrasures (OGE) between mandibular central incisors … <title>Abstract</title> Objective To develop a machine-learning-based model and construct a nomogram that integrates ClinCheck features and clinical risk factors for accurately predicting open gingival embrasures (OGE) between mandibular central incisors after clear aligner treatment (CAT). Methods A total of 297 patients (163 normal and 134 with OGE) who underwent Invisalign® treatment were enrolled. A ClinCheck model was developed based on predicted OGE-area in the final step from initial ClinCheck treatment plan. Twenty-three clinical features were extracted from electronic medical records and ClinCheck tooth movement metrics. Predictors were selected through Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression to establish a clinical model. Additionally, a nomogram incorporating ClinCheck features and clinical predictors was constructed via logistic regression and validated with bootstrap resampling. The performances of these models were evaluated through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, area under curves (AUC), and decision curve analyses (DCA). Results Six clinical features, including age, gingival papilla angle, interproximal reduction, crown morphology and two types of tooth movement, were selected through LASSO regression. The integrated model that consisted of OGE-area and clinical features demonstrated superior predictive capacity (AUC: 0.891; 95% <italic>CI</italic>: 0.850–0.927), outperforming both clinical model (AUC: 0.820; 95% <italic>CI</italic>: 0.774–0.867; <italic>P</italic> < 0.001) and ClinCheck model (AUC: 0.860; 95% <italic>CI</italic>: 0.817-0.900; <italic>P</italic> < 0.05). The corrected C-statistic of the combined nomogram was 0.889, and the calibration curve exhibited great performance with a mean absolute error of 0.015. In the DCA curve, the combined model showed higher net benefit than the clinical model when the threshold probability exceeded 0.13, and higher than the ClinCheck model between 0.13 and 0.62. Conclusion The integration of clinical features and ClinCheck in the machine-learning-based model demonstrated favorable predictive capabilities for OGE between lower central incisors. This comprehensive nomogram may contribute to precisely prediction and prevention of OGE in clinical practice.

Expectations of orthodontic treatment among 7–12 year-old children – a cross sectional study

2025-06-18

Anne-Maria Aulu , Tuija Pikkusaari , David Rice +1 more | Acta Odontologica Scandinavica

Objective: The primary aim of this study was to investigate participants’ orthodontic treatment expectations and to assess participants’ perceptions of their own orthodontic treatment need. A secondary aim was to … Objective: The primary aim of this study was to investigate participants’ orthodontic treatment expectations and to assess participants’ perceptions of their own orthodontic treatment need. A secondary aim was to compare participants’ self-perceived treatment need to an orthodontist’s opinion. Material and methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 98 participants, aged 7–12 years, completed a modified Sayers questionnaire before an orthodontic screening in a public health center in Finland. After completing the questionnaire, the participants underwent a clinical examination of the occlusion by an orthodontist specialist. A Spearman’s rank correlation was conducted to evaluate the relationship between the questionnaire answers. The chi square statistic was applied to assess association between categorical variables. Results: From the initial orthodontic screening, a sample of 98, 94 participants were included in further analysis. Of them, 89% expressed a self-perceived need for orthodontic treatment. Orthodontic treatment need was determined by an orthodontist for 66% of the participants based on a severe malocclusion. Gender, age, or family history of orthodontic treatment were not associated with subjective treatment need. The main expectations for orthodontic treatment result were to straighten the teeth, to get a better smile, and to avoid problems in the future. Conclusions: The study found that patients’ expectations of treatment did not fully align with reality. More information for patients and their guardians is needed in advance to avoid unrealistic expectations before the orthodontic treatment.

Bite Registration: Clinical Insights for Controlling Vertical Dimension

2025-06-18

Sugareddy , B Mamatha , Krishna Prasad +2 more | The Journal of Indian Orthodontic Society

Bite registration plays a crucial role in the construction of a functional orthodontic appliance. Accurate registration is essential for achieving optimal occlusion, ensuring proper mandibular positioning, and maintaining the three-dimensional … Bite registration plays a crucial role in the construction of a functional orthodontic appliance. Accurate registration is essential for achieving optimal occlusion, ensuring proper mandibular positioning, and maintaining the three-dimensional spatial relationship between the maxilla and mandible. This article explores the principles of bite registration, its significance, common challenges encountered, and clinical strategies for precise vertical-dimension control using metallic or polylactic acid (PLA) balls.

Anterior Tooth Inclination Between Skeletal Class II and III Malocclusions After Surgical Orthodontic Treatment

2025-06-18

Hiromi Tomaru , Chie Tachiki , Yu Nakamura +6 more | Diagnostics

Background/Objectives: Anterior tooth inclination plays a critical role in treatment planning for surgical orthodontic cases. However, post-treatment outcomes in patients with jaw deformities often deviate from cephalometric values. This study … Background/Objectives: Anterior tooth inclination plays a critical role in treatment planning for surgical orthodontic cases. However, post-treatment outcomes in patients with jaw deformities often deviate from cephalometric values. This study aimed to compare anterior tooth inclination and skeletal morphology among patients with Class II and Class III malocclusions and to establish reference values for individualized treatment plans. Methods: A total of 122 patients (Class II: n = 40; Class III: n = 41; Class I: n = 41 as a control) were retrospectively analyzed. Cephalometric parameters, including U1 to FH and L1 to MP, were measured pre- and post-treatment. Group differences were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's multiple comparison test. Multiple regression analysis was used to establish prediction models for anterior tooth inclination. The threshold for statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: Post-treatment, upper anterior teeth were more lingually inclined in Class II patients and more labially inclined in Class III patients compared to Class I controls (U1 to FH: Class II, 106.8°; Class III, 120.4°; Class I, 111.1°; p < 0.01). Lower anterior teeth were more lingually inclined in Class III patients compared to Class I patients (L1 to MP: 84.9°; p < 0.01). Regression models demonstrated good predictive value (R2 > 0.5) in non-extraction cases. Conclusions: Regression equations developed in this study, alongside the cephalometric averages of Class I individuals, may offer reliable reference values tailored to individual craniofacial morphology, contributing to optimized treatment planning in surgical orthodontic cases.

Evaluation of Anteroposterior Inclinations of Maxillary Lateral Teeth and Canines Measured on Cephalometric Radiographs in Patients with Skeletal Class I and Class II—A Pilot Study

2025-06-17

Maciej Warnecki , Marek Nahajowski , Beata Kawala +2 more | Journal of Clinical Medicine

Background/Objectives: Routinely, clinicians planning the mechanics of orthodontic treatment for their patients do not take into account the inclinations of canine and lateral teeth. This is due to a lack … Background/Objectives: Routinely, clinicians planning the mechanics of orthodontic treatment for their patients do not take into account the inclinations of canine and lateral teeth. This is due to a lack of solid evidence in the area. Additionally, sound data is lacking on differences between tooth inclinations in patients presenting class II, subdivision 1 and class II, subdivision 2 relationships. This study is meant to investigate this matter. Methods: To conduct this study, cephalograms of 83 patients scheduled for orthodontic treatment were retrospectively selected from the records of the Department of Orthodontics at Wroclaw Medical University and analyzed. Patients were divided into three groups (class I, class II subdivision 1, class II subdivision 2). Inclinations of the long axes of canine and lateral teeth were measured in relation to the palatal plane. Results: We established that there exist statistically significant differences in inclination for some of the teeth assessed. Conclusions: Multiple correlations were found between tooth inclination and some cephalometric measurements, particularly the SNB angle. The canines and upper premolars undergo a natural distal tilt to compensate for the mandible's retruded position. Clinicians planning treatment for skeletal class II patients should formulate treatment plans involving the distal tipping of lateral teeth with great care, as such patients may already exhibit distal inclinations of the lateral teeth. Patients with skeletal class II, division 2 may present greater demands in terms of proper orthodontic treatment mechanics compared to class II, division 1 patients.

AI-Assisted Design of 3D-Printed Lingual Indirect Bonding Trays: A Comparative Evaluation of Bracket Transfer Accuracy

2025-06-17

Hoang Viet , Thi Vuong , Phuong Huyen Nguyen +6 more | Journal of Clinical Medicine

Objectives: This study investigated the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in the design of lingual bracket indirect bonding trays and its association with bracket transfer accuracy using three-dimensional (3D) printing. … Objectives: This study investigated the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in the design of lingual bracket indirect bonding trays and its association with bracket transfer accuracy using three-dimensional (3D) printing. Methods: Digital impressions of patient's dental arches were captured using an intraoral scanner, and orthodontic setups were virtually constructed. Brackets were virtually positioned in their ideal locations using the digital setups guided by virtual archwire templates. Indirect bonding trays were automatically generated using the AI-powered Auto Creation function of the Medit Splints application, which analyzes anatomical features to streamline design. Bracket transfer accuracy was evaluated in vivo by comparing planned and actual bracket positions across grouped and individual tray configurations. Linear and angular deviations were measured using conventional 3D inspection software. Results: Most bracket transfer errors were within clinically acceptable thresholds, although torque accuracy remained suboptimal. Grouped trays generally exhibited greater precision than individual trays in several dimensions. Conclusions: These findings support the application of AI-assisted design tools to enhance digital workflows and improve consistency in appliance fabrication.

Comparative analysis of lingual bracket transfer accuracy using fully versus partially enclosed 3D-printed indirect bonding trays: an <i>in vivo</i> study

2025-06-17

Nguyễn Việt Anh | PeerJ

Lingual orthodontic treatment requires precise bracket positioning to ensure optimal outcomes. This study aimed to compare the transfer accuracy of fully enclosed (FE) and partially enclosed (PE) three-dimensionally (3D) printed … Lingual orthodontic treatment requires precise bracket positioning to ensure optimal outcomes. This study aimed to compare the transfer accuracy of fully enclosed (FE) and partially enclosed (PE) three-dimensionally (3D) printed indirect bonding trays for lingual brackets, focusing on linear and angular errors, and to evaluate their clinical applicability. A total of 20 patients with 498 brackets bonded on both arches were included in this in vivo study. Two tray designs-FE and PE-were fabricated using a standardized digital workflow and 3D-printed with rigid resin. Bracket transfer accuracy was assessed by superimposing post-bonding scans with planned virtual models. Linear (mesiodistal, buccolingual, occlusogingival) and angular (rotation, angulation, torque) errors were measured. Statistical analyses included t-tests to compare transfer accuracy between the two tray designs. Both tray designs achieved clinically acceptable linear accuracy, with errors below 0.5 mm across all dimensions. Angular errors for rotation and angulation were also within clinically acceptable limits of 2°, but torque transfer remains a challenge for both tray designs. The PE design showed significantly lower buccolingual and occlusogingival errors for premolars and the total sample, while the FE design demonstrated significantly lower torque errors for molars. However, the FE design required longer bonding times (84.2 ± 14.5 min) compared to the PE design (70.7 ± 12.8 min, p = 0.041), without offering a significant overall accuracy advantage. The PE tray design is the preferred option over the FE design for its simplicity and accuracy. Torque errors in the PE design can be mitigated with supplementary stabilization materials.