Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change

Marine and fisheries research

Works Count: 129314

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This cluster of papers focuses on the impacts of climate change on marine fisheries, including topics such as fish population dynamics, trophic cascades, ecosystem management, and the sustainability of global fish production. It also explores the influence of climate change on estuarine habitats and the use of otolith chemistry in understanding fish life cycles.

Keywords

Climate Change; Marine Fisheries; Ecosystem Management; Fish Population Dynamics; Oceanic Ecosystems; Fisheries Sustainability; Trophic Cascades; Global Fish Production; Estuarine Habitats; Otolith Chemistry

The impacts of climate change in coastal marine systems

2006-01-12

Christopher D. G. Harley , A. Randall Hughes , Kristin M. Hultgren +6 more

Anthropogenically induced global climate change has profound implications for marine ecosystems and the economic and social systems that depend upon them. The relationship between temperature and individual performance is reasonably … Anthropogenically induced global climate change has profound implications for marine ecosystems and the economic and social systems that depend upon them. The relationship between temperature and individual performance is reasonably well understood, and much climate-related research has focused on potential shifts in distribution and abundance driven directly by temperature. However, recent work has revealed that both abiotic changes and biological responses in the ocean will be substantially more complex. For example, changes in ocean chemistry may be more important than changes in temperature for the performance and survival of many organisms. Ocean circulation, which drives larval transport, will also change, with important consequences for population dynamics. Furthermore, climatic impacts on one or a few 'leverage species' may result in sweeping community-level changes. Finally, synergistic effects between climate and other anthropogenic variables, particularly fishing pressure, will likely exacerbate climate-induced changes. Efforts to manage and conserve living marine systems in the face of climate change will require improvements to the existing predictive framework. Key directions for future research include identifying key demographic transitions that influence population dynamics, predicting changes in the community-level impacts of ecologically dominant species, incorporating populations' ability to evolve (adapt), and understanding the scales over which climate will change and living systems will respond.

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The Effects of Fishing on Marine Ecosystems

1998-01-01

Simon Jennings , Michel J. Kaiser

Ecosystem-Based Fishery Management

2004-07-15

Ellen K. Pikitch , Christine Santora , Elizabeth A. Babcock +7 more

Ecosystem-based fishery management (EBFM) is a new direction for fishery management, essentially reversing the order of management priorities so that management starts with the ecosystem rather than a target species. … Ecosystem-based fishery management (EBFM) is a new direction for fishery management, essentially reversing the order of management priorities so that management starts with the ecosystem rather than a target species. EBFM aims to sustain healthy marine ecosystems and the fisheries they support. Pikitch et al . describe the potential benefits of implementation of EBFM that, in their view, far outweigh the difficulties of making the transition from a management system based on maximizing individual species.

Reproduction of Marine Invertebrates

1979-01-01

Arthur C. Giese , John S. Pearse

Quantitative fisheries stock assessment: Choice, dynamics and uncertainty

1992-06-01

Ray Hilborn , Carl J. Walters

Marine community ecology

2001-01-01

Mark D. Bertness , Steven D. Gaines , Mark E. Hay

Part I: Processes Influencing Pattern in Benthic Communities Physical Processes that Generate Pattern in Marine Communities Geological History of the Living Shore Biota Genetic Structure in the Sea: From Populations … Part I: Processes Influencing Pattern in Benthic Communities Physical Processes that Generate Pattern in Marine Communities Geological History of the Living Shore Biota Genetic Structure in the Sea: From Populations to Communities Natural Disturbance and the Dynamics of Marine Benthic Communities The Ecology and Evolution of Marine Consumer-Prey Interactions The Larval Ecology of Marine Communities Supply Side Ecology: The Nature and Consequences of Variations in Recruitment of Intertidal Organisms Habitat Modification and Facilitation in Benthic Marine Communities Part II: Community Types Soft Sediment Communities Salt Marsh Communities Seagrass Community Ecology Rocky Subtidal Communities Deep-Sea Communities The Ecology of Coral Reefs Mangrove Communities Part III: Marine Community Conservation Issues Human Alterations of Marine Communities Caveat Studium Conservation and Management of Marine Communities The Ecology of Marine Protected Areas

Plankton Production and Year-class Strength in Fish Populations: an Update of the Match/Mismatch Hypothesis

1990-01-01

D. H. Cushing

Ecological Geography of the Sea

2007-01-01

Alan R. Longhurst

The Pace of Shifting Climate in Marine and Terrestrial Ecosystems

2011-11-03

Michael T. Burrows , David S. Schoeman , Lauren B. Buckley +7 more

Climate change challenges organisms to adapt or move to track changes in environments in space and time. We used two measures of thermal shifts from analyses of global temperatures over … Climate change challenges organisms to adapt or move to track changes in environments in space and time. We used two measures of thermal shifts from analyses of global temperatures over the past 50 years to describe the pace of climate change that species should track: the velocity of climate change (geographic shifts of isotherms over time) and the shift in seasonal timing of temperatures. Both measures are higher in the ocean than on land at some latitudes, despite slower ocean warming. These indices give a complex mosaic of predicted range shifts and phenology changes that deviate from simple poleward migration and earlier springs or later falls. They also emphasize potential conservation concerns, because areas of high marine biodiversity often have greater velocities of climate change and seasonal shifts.

Patterns of Life-History Diversification in North American Fishes: implications for Population Regulation

1992-10-01

Kirk O. Winemiller , Kenneth A. Rose

Interspecific patterns of fish life histories were evaluated in relation to several theoretical models of life-history evolution. Data were gathered for 216 North American fish species (57 families) to explore … Interspecific patterns of fish life histories were evaluated in relation to several theoretical models of life-history evolution. Data were gathered for 216 North American fish species (57 families) to explore relationships among variables and to ordinate species. Multivariate tests, performed on freshwater, marine, and combined data matrices, repeatedly identified a gradient associating later-maturing fishes with higher fecundity, small eggs, and few bouts of reproduction during a short spawning season and the opposite suite of traits with small fishes. A second strong gradient indicated positive associations between parental care, egg size, and extended breeding seasons. Phylogeny affected each variable, and some higher taxonomic groupings were associated with particular life-history strategies. High-fecundity characteristics tended to be associated with large species ranges in the marine environment. Age at maturation, adult growth rate, life span, and egg size positively correlated with anadromy. Parental care was inversely correlated with median latitude. A trilateral continuum based on essential trade-offs among three demographic variables predicts many of the correlations among life-history traits. This framework has implications for predicting population responses to diverse natural and anthropogenic disturbances and provides a basis for comparing responses of different species to the same disturbance.

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Ecopath with Ecosim: methods, capabilities and limitations

2003-11-15

Villy Christensen , Carl J. Walters

Chemistry and composition of fish otoliths:pathways, mechanisms and applications

1999-01-01

Steven E. Campana

MEPS Marine Ecology Progress Series Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout the JournalEditorsTheme Sections MEPS 188:263-297 (1999) - doi:10.3354/meps188263 … MEPS Marine Ecology Progress Series Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout the JournalEditorsTheme Sections MEPS 188:263-297 (1999) - doi:10.3354/meps188263 Chemistry and composition of fish otoliths: pathways, mechanisms and applications Steven E. Campana* Marine Fish Division, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, PO Box 1006, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia B2Y 4A2, Canada *E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT: The fish otolith (earstone) has long been known as a timekeeper, but interest in its use as a metabolically inert environmental recorder has accelerated in recent years. In part due to technological advances, applications such as stock identification, determination of migration pathways, reconstruction of temperature and salinity history, age validation, detection of anadromy, use as a natural tag and chemical mass marking have been developed, some of which are difficult or impossible to implement using alternative techniques. Microsampling and the latest advances in beam-based probes allow many elemental assays to be coupled with daily or annual growth increments, thus providing a detailed chronological record of the environment. However, few workers have critically assessed the assumptions upon which the environmental reconstructions are based, or considered the possibility that elemental incorporation into the otolith may proceed differently than that into other calcified structures. This paper reviews current applications and their assumptions and suggests future directions. Particular attention is given to the premises that the elemental and isotopic composition of the otolith reflects that of the environment, and the effect of physiological filters on the resulting composition. The roles of temperature, elemental uptake into the fish and the process of otolith crystallization are also assessed. Drawing upon recent advances in geochemistry and paleoclimate research as points of contrast, it appears that not all applications of otolith chemistry are firmly based, although others are destined to become powerful and perhaps routine tools for the mainstream fish biologist. KEY WORDS: Otolith · Element · Isotope · Composition · Stock identification · Temperature history Full text in pdf format PreviousNextExport citation RSS - Facebook - Tweet - linkedIn Cited by Published in MEPS Vol. 188. Publication date: November 03, 1999 Print ISSN:0171-8630; Online ISSN:1616-1599 Copyright © 1999 Inter-Research.

Fishing Down Marine Food Webs

1998-02-06

Daniel Pauly , Villy Christensen , Johanne Dalsgaard +2 more

The mean trophic level of the species groups reported in Food and Agricultural Organization global fisheries statistics declined from 1950 to 1994. This reflects a gradual transition in landings from … The mean trophic level of the species groups reported in Food and Agricultural Organization global fisheries statistics declined from 1950 to 1994. This reflects a gradual transition in landings from long-lived, high trophic level, piscivorous bottom fish toward short-lived, low trophic level invertebrates and planktivorous pelagic fish. This effect, also found to be occurring in inland fisheries, is most pronounced in the Northern Hemisphere. Fishing down food webs (that is, at lower trophic levels) leads at first to increasing catches, then to a phase transition associated with stagnating or declining catches. These results indicate that present exploitation patterns are unsustainable.

Data Analysis Methods in Physical Oceanography

2014-01-01

William J. Emery , Richard E. Thomson

Anecdotes and the shifting baseline syndrome of fisheries

1995-10-01

Daniel Pauly

Biological Oceanographic Processes

1975-02-01

A.W. Morris , TIMOTHY R. PARSONS , Masayuki Takahashi

Biological oceanographic processes / , Biological oceanographic processes / , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی Biological oceanographic processes / , Biological oceanographic processes / , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی

Adaptive Management of Renewable Resources.

1987-12-01

Amy Rutherford , Caroline E. Walters

The author challenges the traditional approach to dealing with uncertainty in the management of such renewable resources as fish and wildlife. He argues that scientific understanding will come from the … The author challenges the traditional approach to dealing with uncertainty in the management of such renewable resources as fish and wildlife. He argues that scientific understanding will come from the experience of management as an ongoing, adaptive, and experimental process, rather than through basic research or the development of ecological theory. The opening chapters review approaches to formulating management objectives as well as models for understanding how policy choices affect the attainment of these objectives. Subsequent chapters present various statistical methods for understanding the dynamics of uncertainty in managed fish and wildlife populations and for seeking optimum harvest policies in the face of uncertainty. The book concludes with a look at prospects for adaptive management of complex systems, emphasizing such human factors involved in decision making as risk aversion and conflicting objectives as well as biophysical factors. Throughout the text dynamic models and Bayesian statistical theory are used as tools for understanding the behavior of managed systems. These tools are illustrated with simple graphs and plots of data from representative cases. This text/reference will serve researchers, graduate students, and resource managers who formulate harvest policies and study the dynamics of harvest populations, as well as analysts (modelers, statisticians, and stock assessment experts) who are concerned with the practice of policy design.

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The Ocean's Food Web, A Changing Paradigm

1974-09-01

Lawrence R. Pomeroy

Journal Article The Ocean's Food Web, A Changing Paradigm Get access Lawrence R. Pomeroy Lawrence R. Pomeroy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar BioScience, … Journal Article The Ocean's Food Web, A Changing Paradigm Get access Lawrence R. Pomeroy Lawrence R. Pomeroy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar BioScience, Volume 24, Issue 9, September 1974, Pages 499–504, https://doi.org/10.2307/1296885 Published: 01 September 1974 Article history Accepted: 21 May 1974 Published: 01 September 1974

Life Historical Consequences of Natural Selection

1970-01-01

Madhav Gadgil , William H. Bossert

The tremendous variation in the life-history patterns of organisms is best explained as adaptive.any organism has a limited amount of resources at its disposal, and these have to be partitioned … The tremendous variation in the life-history patterns of organisms is best explained as adaptive.any organism has a limited amount of resources at its disposal, and these have to be partitioned between reproductive and nonreproductive activities. A larger share of resources to reproductive activities, that is, a higher reproductive effort at any age, leads to a better reproductive performance at that age; this may be considered a as profit function. This reproductive effort also leads to a reduction in survival and growth and consequent diminution of the reproductive contribution of the succeeding stages in the life history; this may be considered as a cost function. Natural selection would tend to an adjustment of the reproductive effort at every age such that the overall fitness of the life history would be maximized. A model of life history processes has been developed on the basis of these considerations. It leads to the following predictions: 1. If the form of the profit function is convex, or that of the cost function concave, the optimal strategy may be to breed repeatedly. Otherwise, the optimal strategy is to breed only once in a suicidal effort like a salmon (big-bang reproduction). 2. The value of reproductive effort continuously increases with age in the case of repeated reproducers. 3. If all the stages in the life history following a certain age are adversely affected, the age of reproduction will tend to be lowered in the case of big-bang reproducers, and the reproductive effort at all ages preceding that stage will tend to increase in the case of repeated reproducers. 4. As the reproductive potential increases with size at a slower rate, reproductive effort will be lower at maturity, reproductive effort will increase at a higher rate with age, and growth will continue beyond maturity. 5. A uniform change in the probability of survival from one age to the next at all ages would have no effect by itself, on the age of reproduction in big-bang breeders or on the distribution of reproductive effort with age in the repeated reproducers. 6. Such a change in survivorship would lead to a change in the equilibrium density of a population. If the population is resource limited, this would affect the availability of resources to the members, of the population in such a way that an increase in mortality would increase the availability of the resources. 7. For a resource-limited organism a greater availability of resources would lead to a lowering of the age of reproduction in the case of the big-bang breeders, and to a greater reproductive effort at ail ages for the repeated breeders.

On the interrelationships between natural mortality, growth parameters, and mean environmental temperature in 175 fish stocks

1980-12-01

Daniel Pauly

A compilation of values for the exponential coefficient of natural mortality (M) is given for 175 different stocks of fish distributed in 84 species, both freshwater and marine, and ranging … A compilation of values for the exponential coefficient of natural mortality (M) is given for 175 different stocks of fish distributed in 84 species, both freshwater and marine, and ranging from polar to tropical waters. Values of L∞(LT, cm), W∞(g, fresh weight), K (1/year) and T (°C, mean annual water temperature) were attributed to each value of M, and the 175 sets of values plotted such that: 1) log M = −0·2107 − 0·0824 log W∞ + 0·6757 log K + 0·4627 log T and 2) log M = −0·0066 − 0·279 log L∞ + 0·6543 log K + 0·4634 log T The multiple correlation coefficients are for 1) 0·845, and for 2) 0·847, while the critical value (171 d.f.) is 0·275 (for P = 0·01). All slopes are significantly ≠ 0 (for P = 0·001). The standard deviation of estimates of log M are for 1) 0·247, and for 2) 0·245. The equations provide highly reliable estimates of M for any given fish stock, given the values of W∞ or L∞ and K of the von Bertalanffy growth formula, and an estimate of the mean water temperature in which the stock in question lives. Only two groups have values of M generally differing from those obtained through the proposed equations: the Clupeidae, with generally lower and the polar fishes with generally higher values. Correction factors are given for both groups. Potential applications of the findings to population dynamics are discussed together with some ecological implications.

Rapid worldwide depletion of predatory fish communities

2003-05-01

Ransom A. Myers , Boris Worm

Natural Selection, the Costs of Reproduction, and a Refinement of Lack's Principle

1966-11-01

George C. Williams

Primary production required to sustain global fisheries

1995-03-01

Daniel Pauly , Villy Christensen

REPRODUCTIVE and LARVAL ECOLOGY OF MARINE BOTTOM INVERTEBRATES

1950-01-01

Gunnar Thorson

Summary 1. In analysing the ecological conditions of an animal population we have above all to focus our attention upon the most sensitive stages within the life cycle of the … Summary 1. In analysing the ecological conditions of an animal population we have above all to focus our attention upon the most sensitive stages within the life cycle of the animal, that is, the period of breeding and larval development. 2. Most animal populations on the sea bottom maintain the qualitatively composition of the species composing them, over long periods of time, though the individual species use quite different modes of reproduction and development. This shows that species producing a large number of eggs have a larger wastage of eggs and larvae than those with only a few eggs. The wastage of eggs in the sea is much larger than on the land and in fresh water. 3. In the invertebrate populations on the level sea bottom, large fluctuations in numbers from year to year indicate species with a long pelagic larval life, while a more or less constant occurrence indicates species with a very short pelagic life or a non‐pelagic development. 4. In most marine invertebrates which shed their eggs and sperm freely in the water, either (a) the males are the first to spawn, thus stimulating the females to shed their eggs, or (b) an ‘epidemic spawning’ of a whole population takes place within a few hours. Both methods greatly favour the possibility of fertilization of the eggs spawned and show that the heavy wastage of eggs and larvae takes place after fertilization, during the free swimming pelagic life. 5. Embryos with a non‐pelagic development may originate (a) from large yolky eggs, in which case all the hatching young of the same species will be at the same stage of development, or (b) from small eggs which during their development feed on nurse eggs, when the individual embryos of the same species may vary enormously in size at the stage of hatching. 6. Three types of pelagic larvae are known: (a) Lecithotrophic larvae, originating from large yolky eggs spawned in small numbers by the individual mother animals; they are independent of the plankton as a source of food although growing during pelagic life, are absent from high arctic seas but constitute about 1 o % of the species with pelagic larvae in all other seas, (b) The planktotrophic larvae with a long pelagic life, originating from small eggs spawned in huge numbers by the individual mother animal; they feed from, and grow in, the plankton, constituting less than 5% of high arctic bottom invertebrates, 55–65% of the species in boreal seas, and 8 o ‐85 % of the tropical species, (c) The planktotrophic larvae with a short pelagic life having the same size and organization at the moment of hatching and at the moment of settling; these constitute about 5% of the species in all Recent seas. 7. To find out the factors which cause the enormous waste of eggs and larvae, we thus have to study those forms (constituting 7 o % of all species of bottom invertebrates in Recent seas) which have a long planktotrophic pelagic life, as only species reproducing in this way have really large numbers of eggs. 8. The food requirements of the planktotrophic pelagic larvae are much greater than those of the adult animals at the bottom. The adaptability of the larvae to poor food conditions seems, nevertheless, to be greater than hitherto believed. The significance of starvation seems mainly to be an indirect one: poor food conditions cause slow growth, prolong larval life, and give the enemies a longer interval of time to attack and eat the larvae. 9. At the temperatures to which they are normally exposed, northern as well as tropical larvae seem on an average to spend a similar time (about 3 weeks) in the plankton. The length of the pelagic life of the individual species may, however, vary significantly in nature. In the Sound (Denmark) the larvae are never exposed to temperatures outside the range which they are able to endure. The wastage caused by temperature, like that due to starvation, seems mainly to be an indirect one: low temperatures postpone growth and metamorphosis, and give the enemies a longer time to feed on the larvae. 1 o . When a larva feeding on a pure algal diet metamorphoses into a carnivorous bottom stage, a ‘physiological revolution’ occurs and a huge waste of larvae might be expected. Experiments have, however, shown that this is not the case. 11. Young pelagic larvae are photopositive and crowd near the surface; larvae about to metamorphose are photonegative. Larval polychaetes, echinoderms, and presumably also prosobranchs, may prolong their pelagic life for days or weeks until they find a suitable substratum. Forced towards the bottom by their photonegativity and transported by currents over wide bottom areas, testing the substratum at intervals, their chance of finding a suitable place for settling is much better than hitherto believed. 12. Continuous currents from the continental shelf towards the open ocean may transport larvae from the coast to the deep sea where they will perish. Such conditions may (for instance in the Gulf of Guinea) deeply influence the composition of the fauna, while in other areas (European western coast, southern California) they seem to be only of small significance. 13. The toll levied by enemies appears to be the most essential source of waste among the larvae. A list of such enemies, comprising other pelagic larvae, holoplank‐tonic animals and bottom animals, is given on p. 2 o . A medium‐sized Mytilus edulis , filtering 1–4 1. of water per hour, may retain and kill about 100,000 pelagic lamellibranch larvae in 24 hr. during the maximum breeding season in a Danish fjord. 14. Species reproducing in a vegetative way, by fission, laceration, budding, etc., might be expected to have good chances of competition in such areas where conditions for sexual reproduction are unfavourable. Nevertheless, they only supply a rather small percentage of the animal populations of all Recent seas, probably because their intensity of reproduction is low and because they are unable to spread to new areas. Most forms reproducing in a vegetative way have sexual reproduction as well. 15. Pelagic development is nearly or totally suspended in the deep sea, and is restricted to the shelf faunas. In the arctic and antarctic seas pelagic development is nearly or totally suppressed, even in the shelf faunas, but starting from here the percentage of forms with pelagic larvae gradually increases as we pass into warmer water, reaching its summit on the tropic shelves. 16. In order to survive in high arctic areas a planktotrophic, pelagic larva has to complete its development from hatching to metamorphosis within I–I ½ months (i.e. the period during which phytoplankton production takes place) at a temperature below 2–4 o C. Most larvae, that is in 95% of the species, are unable to do so and have a non‐pelagic development, but if a pelagic larva is able to develop under these severe conditions the planktotrophic pelagic life seems to afford good opportunities even in the Arctic. Thus the 5 % of arctic invertebrates reproducing in this way comprise several of the species which quantitatively are most common within the area. 17. The antarctic shore fauna has poor conditions similar to those of the Arctic. The longest continuous periods of phytoplankton production are 2 and 3 weeks respectively, and pelagic larvae have, in order to survive, to complete their development within this short space of time at a temperature between 1 and 4 o C. Accordingly, non‐pelagic development is the rule, but most arctic species are able to support their non‐pelagic development by means of much smaller eggs than the antarctic species, where brood protection and viviparity is dominant. The antarctic fauna has apparently had a longer time to develop its tendency to abandon a pelagic life. The greater the size of the individual born, the smaller its relative food requirements and the better its chance of competing under poor food conditions. 18. The relatively few data on reproduction in deep sea invertebrates point to a non‐pelagic development. The larvae of such forms, in order to develop through a planktotrophic pelagic stage, would have to rise by the aid of their own locomotory organs through a water column 2000–4000 m. high or more (often with counteracting currents) to the food producing surface layer, and to cover the same distance when descending to metamorphose and settle. 19. The ecological features common to the deep sea, the arctic and the antarctic seas, which enable the same animals to live and to reproduce there, contribute to explain the ‘equatorial submergence’ of many arctic and antarctic coastal forms. 20. In the tropical coastal zones where the percentage of species with pelagic larvae reaches its maximum, the production of food for the larvae takes place much more continuously than in temperate and arctic seas, because light conditions enable the phytoplankton to assimilate all the year round. The tropical species of marine invertebrates breed (in contrast to temperate and arctic species) within such different seasons that their larval stock, taken as a whole, is more or less equally distributed in the plankton all the year round. This makes the competition in the plankton less keen. 21. The fact that a mode of reproduction and development, well fit for an arctic area, is unfit in a temperate or tropical area of the sea is probably one of the main reasons for the restricted distribution of species. 22. In most groups of marine invertebrates the individual species have only one mode of reproduction and development, which accordingly restricts their area of distribution. In the polychaetes, however, the individual species often show an astonishing lability in their mode of reproduction and development which enables them to compete in wide areas of the sea. Thus, out of the Western European species of polychaetes, 28‐4% have been found also in the Indian Ocean, and 18%, at least, along the Californian coast, while the corresponding number of Western European echinoderms, prosobranchs and lamellibranchs found also in the Indian Ocean and California amounts to less than 2%. 23. The pelagic or non‐pelagic development of marine prosobranchs has proved to be a very fine ‘barometer’ for ecological conditions. Recent observations, still not elaborated, seem to indicate that the shape of the top whorls, the apex, of the adult shells of prosobranchs may show whether the species in question has a pelagic or a non‐pelagic development. This discovery may also give us valuable information about the larval development in fossil species, and help us to form an idea about ecological conditions in sea areas from earlier geological periods.

Towards sustainability in world fisheries

2002-08-01

Daniel Pauly , Villy Christensen , Sylvie Guénette +5 more

Global patterns and predictors of marine biodiversity across taxa

2010-07-27

Derek P. Tittensor , Camilo Mora , Walter Jetz +4 more

Survey manual for tropical marine resources

1994-01-01

Sue English , Clive Wilkinson , Valonna Baker

Stock and Recruitment

1954-05-01

W. E. Ricker

Plotting net reproduction (reproductive potential of the adults obtained) against the density of stock which produced them, for a number of fish and invertebrate populations, gives a domed curve whose … Plotting net reproduction (reproductive potential of the adults obtained) against the density of stock which produced them, for a number of fish and invertebrate populations, gives a domed curve whose apex lies above the line representing replacement reproduction. At stock densities beyond the apex, reproduction declines either gradually or abruptly. This decline gives a population a tendency to oscillate in numbers; however, the oscillations are damped, not permanent, unless reproduction decreases quite rapidly and there is not too much mixing of generations in the breeding population. Removal of part of the adult stock reduces the amplitude of oscillations that may be in progress and, up to a point, increases reproduction.

Trophic cascades revealed in diverse ecosystems

1999-12-01

Michael L. Pace , Jonathan J. Cole , Stephen R. Carpenter +1 more

RECRUITMENT AND THE LOCAL DYNAMICS OF OPEN MARINE POPULATIONS

1996-11-01

M. Julian Caley , Mark H. Carr , Mark A. Hixon +3 more

▪ Abstract The majority of marine populations are demographically open; their replenishment is largely or exclusively dependent on a supply of juveniles from the plankton. In spite of much recent … ▪ Abstract The majority of marine populations are demographically open; their replenishment is largely or exclusively dependent on a supply of juveniles from the plankton. In spite of much recent research, no consensus has yet been reached regarding the importance of recruitment relative to other demographic processes in determining local population densities. We argue 1. that demographic theory suggests that, except under restrictive and unlikely conditions, recruitment must influence local population density to some extent. Therefore, 2. the question as to whether the size of a particular population is limited by recruitment is misguided. Finally, 3. the effect of recruitment on population size can be difficult to detect but is nonetheless real. A major weakness of most existing studies is a lack of attention to the survival of recruits over appropriate scales of time and space. Acknowledgment of the multifactorial determination of population density should guide the design of future experimental studies of the demography of open populations.

Larval Dispersal and Marine Population Connectivity

2008-09-23

Robert K. Cowen , Su Sponaugle

Connectivity, or the exchange of individuals among marine populations, is a central topic in marine ecology. For most benthic marine species with complex life cycles, this exchange occurs primarily during … Connectivity, or the exchange of individuals among marine populations, is a central topic in marine ecology. For most benthic marine species with complex life cycles, this exchange occurs primarily during the pelagic larval stage. The small size of larvae coupled with the vast and complex fluid environment they occupy hamper our ability to quantify dispersal and connectivity. Evidence from direct and indirect approaches using geochemical and genetic techniques suggests that populations range from fully open to fully closed. Understanding the biophysical processes that contribute to observed dispersal patterns requires integrated interdisciplinary approaches that incorporate high-resolution biophysical modeling and empirical data. Further, differential postsettlement survival of larvae may add complexity to measurements of connectivity. The degree to which populations self recruit or receive subsidy from other populations has consequences for a number of fundamental ecological processes that affect population regulation and persistence. Finally, a full understanding of population connectivity has important applications for management and conservation.

Rebuilding Global Fisheries

2009-07-30

Boris Worm , Ray Hilborn , Julia K. Baum +7 more

Fighting for Fisheries In the debate concerning the future of the world's fisheries, some have forecasted complete collapse but others have challenged this view. The protagonists in this debate have … Fighting for Fisheries In the debate concerning the future of the world's fisheries, some have forecasted complete collapse but others have challenged this view. The protagonists in this debate have now joined forces to present a thorough quantitative review of current trends in world fisheries. Worm et al. (p. 578 ) evaluate the evidence for a global rebuilding of marine capture fisheries and their supporting ecosystems. Contrasting regions that have been managed for rebuilding with those that have not, reveals trajectories of decline and recovery from individual stocks to species, communities, and large marine ecosystems. The management solutions that have been most successful for rebuilding fisheries and ecosystems, include both large- and small-scale fisheries around the world.

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Climate Change and Distribution Shifts in Marine Fishes

2005-05-13

Allison L. Perry , Paula J. Low , Jim R. Ellis +1 more

We show that the distributions of both exploited and nonexploited North Sea fishes have responded markedly to recent increases in sea temperature, with nearly two-thirds of species shifting in mean … We show that the distributions of both exploited and nonexploited North Sea fishes have responded markedly to recent increases in sea temperature, with nearly two-thirds of species shifting in mean latitude or depth or both over 25 years. For species with northerly or southerly range margins in the North Sea, half have shown boundary shifts with warming, and all but one shifted northward. Species with shifting distributions have faster life cycles and smaller body sizes than nonshifting species. Further temperature rises are likely to have profound impacts on commercial fisheries through continued shifts in distribution and alterations in community interactions.

GENETIC DIVERGENCE, REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION, AND MARINE SPECIATION

1994-11-01

Stephen R. Palumbi

In marine species, high dispersal is often associated with only mild genetic differentiation over large spatial scales. Despite this generalization, there are numerous reasons for the accumulation of genetic differences … In marine species, high dispersal is often associated with only mild genetic differentiation over large spatial scales. Despite this generalization, there are numerous reasons for the accumulation of genetic differences between large, semi-isolated marine populations. A suite of well-known evolutionary mechanisms can operate within and between populations to result in genetic divergence, and these mechanisms may well be augmented by newly discovered genetic processes. This variety of mechanisms for genetic divergence is paralleled by great diversity in the types of reproductive isolation shown by recently diverged marine species. Differences in spawning time, mate recognition, environmental tolerance, and gamete compatibility have all been implicated in marine speeiation events. There is substantial evidence for rapid evolution of reproductive isolation in strictly allopatrie populations (e,g. across the Isthmus of Panama). Evidence for the action of selection in increasing reproductive isolation in sympatric populations is fragmentary. Although a great deal of information is available on population genetics, reproductive isolation, and cryptic or sibling species in marine environments, the influence of particular genetic changes on reproductive isolation is poorly understood for marine (or terrestrial) taxa. For a few systems, like the co-evolution of gamete recognition proteins, changes in a small number of genes may give rise to reproductive isolation. Such studies show how a focus on the physiology, ecology, or sensory biology of reproductive isolation can help uncover the

A hierarchical approach to defining marine heatwaves

2016-01-06

Alistair J. Hobday , Lisa V. Alexander , Sarah E. Perkins‐Kirkpatrick +7 more

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Food habits of albacore, bluefin tuna, and bonito in California waters.

1971-01-01

Leo Pinkas , Oliphant , Ingrid L.K. Iverson

Classification of wetlands and deepwater habitats of the United States

1979-01-01

Lewis M. Cowardin

Wetlands and deepwater habitats are essential breeding, rearing, and feeding grounds for many species of fish and wildlife.They may also perform important flood protection and pollution control functions.Increasing national and … Wetlands and deepwater habitats are essential breeding, rearing, and feeding grounds for many species of fish and wildlife.They may also perform important flood protection and pollution control functions.Increasing national and international recognition of these values has intensified the need for reliable information on the status and extent of wetland resources.To develop comparable information over large areas, a clear definition and classification of wetlands and deepwater habitats is required.The classification system contained in this report was developed by wetland ecologists, with the assistance of many private individuals and organizations and local, State, and Federal agencies.An operational draft was published in October 1977, and a notice of intent to adopt the system for all pertinent Service activities was published December 12, 1977 (42 FR 62432).The Fish and Wildlife Service is officially adopting this wetland classification system.Future wetland data bases developed by the Service, including the National Wetlands Inventory, will utilize this system.A one-year transition period will allow for training of Service personnel, amendment of administrative manuals, and further development of the National Wetlands Inventory data base.During this period, Service personnel may continue to use the old wetland classification described in Fish and Wildlife Service Circular 39 for Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act reports, wetland acquisition priority determinations, and other activities in conjunction with the new system, where immediate conversion is not practicable.Upon completion of the transition period, the Circular 39 system will no longer be officially used by the Fish and Wildlife Service except where applicable laws still reference that system or when the only information available is organized according to that system and cannot be restructured without new field surveys.Other Federal and State agencies are encouraged to convert to the use of this system.No specific legal authorities require the use of this system-or any other system for that matter.However, it is expected that the benefits of National consistency and a developing wetland data base utilizing this system will result in ac- ceptance and use by most agencies involved in wetland management.Training can be provided to users by the Service, depending on availability of resources.Congressional committees will be notified of this adoption action and will be encouraged to facilitate general adoption of the new system by amending any laws that reference the Circular 39 system.This is a new system and users will need to study and learn the terminology.The Service is preparing a document to aid in comparing and translating the new system to the Service's former classification system.In the coming year, the Fish and Wildlife Service, in conjunction with the Soil Conservation Service, also plans to develop initial lists of hydrophytic plants and hydric soils that will support interpretation and use of this system.We believe that this system will provide a suitable basis for information gathering for most scientific, educational, and administrative purposes; however, it will not fit all needs.For instance, historical or potentially restorable wetlands are not included in this system, nor was the system designed to accommodate all the requirements of the many recently passed wetland statutes.No attempt was made to define the proprietary or jurisdictional boundaries of Federal, State, or local agencies.Nevertheless, the basic design of the classification system and the resulting data base should assist substantially in the administration of these programs.This report represents the most current methodology available for wetland classification and culminates a long-term effort involving many wetland scientists.Although it may require revision from time to time, it will serve us well in the years ahead.We hope all wetland personnel in all levels of government and the private sector come to know it and use it for the ultimate benefit of America's wetlands.

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The ecological detective: confronting models with data

1997-11-01

Preface: Beyond the Null Hypothesis1An Ecological Scenario and the Tools of the Ecological Detective32Alternative Views of the Scientific Method and of Modeling123Probability and Probability Models: Know Your Data394Incidental Catch in … Preface: Beyond the Null Hypothesis1An Ecological Scenario and the Tools of the Ecological Detective32Alternative Views of the Scientific Method and of Modeling123Probability and Probability Models: Know Your Data394Incidental Catch in Fisheries: Seabirds in the New Zealand Squid Trawl Fishery945The Confrontation: Sum of Squares1066The Evolutionary Ecology of Insect Oviposition Behavior1187The Confrontation: Likelihood and Maximum Likelihood1318Conservation Biology of Wildebeest in the Serengeti1809The Confrontation: Bayesian Goodness of Fit20310Management of Hake Fisheries in Namibia Motivation23511The Confrontation: Understanding How the Best Fit Is Found263AppendixThe Method of Multiple Working Hypotheses281References295Index309

The State of world fisheries and aquaculture, 2012

2013-05-22

The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization … The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned.

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Mesopelagic fish biomass and trophic efficiency of the open ocean

2014-02-07

X.A. Irigoien , J. Klevjer , Anders Røstad +7 more

Quantitative Fisheries Stock Assessment

1992-01-01

Ray Hilborn , Carl J. Walters

Journal of Marine Research

1938-03-01

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Experimental Ecology of the Feeding of Fishes

1962-04-11

David Farris , V. S. Ivlev , D. Scott

The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2018

2018-07-23

The 2018 edition of The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture emphasizes the sector’s role in achieving the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the Sustainable Development Goals, and measurement … The 2018 edition of The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture emphasizes the sector’s role in achieving the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the Sustainable Development Goals, and measurement of progress towards these goals. It notes the particular contributions of inland and small-scale fisheries, and highlights the importance of rights-based governance for equitable and inclusive development. As in past editions, the publication begins with a global analysis of trends in fisheries and aquaculture production, stocks, processing and use, trade and consumption, based on the latest official statistics, along with a review of the status of the world’s fishing fleets and human engagement and governance in the sector. Topics explored in Parts 2 to 4 include aquatic biodiversity; the ecosystem approach to fisheries and to aquaculture; climate change impacts and responses; the sector’s contribution to food security and human nutrition; and issues related to international trade, consumer protection and sustainable value chains. Global developments in combating illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing, selected ocean pollution concerns and FAO’s efforts to improve capture fishery data are also discussed. The issue concludes with the outlook for the sector, including projections to 2030. As always, The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture aims to provide objective, reliable and up-to-date information to a wide audience, including policy-makers, managers, scientists, stakeholders and indeed all those interested in the fisheries and aquaculture sector.

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The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2022

2022-06-28

Pier Paolo Gatta

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Advancing fish early life-history research: daily age determination of walleye pollock (Gadus chalcogrammus) with Fourier transform–near-infrared spectroscopy

2025-06-25

Esther D. Goldstein , Mary Elizabeth Matta , Charles D. Waters +6 more | Marine and Freshwater Research

Context Fish daily age information provides insight into growth, phenology and recruitment but is rarely incorporated into the decision-making process for management because of labor-intensive data collection. Aims We tested … Context Fish daily age information provides insight into growth, phenology and recruitment but is rarely incorporated into the decision-making process for management because of labor-intensive data collection. Aims We tested Fourier transform–near-infrared (FT-NIR) spectroscopy as a rapid method (~1.0 v. ~60 min per otolith for microscopic methods) to determine daily age of walleye pollock (pollock; Gadus chalcogrammus), which supports an important fishery. Methods We reared two annual cohorts of pollock over 3 years to accrue a comprehensive dataset for calibration models. Key results FT-NIR spectroscopy provided an improvement over predicting daily age from otolith weight, fish weight or fish length. A calibration model developed using microscopically aged fish had a root mean square error (RMSE) from cross validation (CV) of 12.2 days. Models developed from the full dataset with ages assigned from cohort hatch dates had a test dataset RMSE of 35.4–40.7 days and a CV RMSE of 29.4–36.9 days. Conclusions Spectra were affected by size-at-age, which could affect model efficacy because growth and size are influenced by environmental variability. This can be addressed with robust calibration datasets, model testing and model updating. Implications FT-NIR spectroscopy age prediction is likely to be sufficient to capture population-scale shifts in hatch dates of pollock.

Panmictic Panacea? Demonstrating Good Practices for Developing Spatial Stock Assessments Through Application to Alaska Sablefish (Anoplopoma fimbria)

2025-06-24

Matthew L. H. Cheng , Craig Marsh , Daniel R. Goethel +5 more | Fish and Fisheries

ABSTRACT Marine species and associated fisheries demonstrate complex spatial dynamics driven by biological, ecosystem and socioeconomic factors and integrating these spatial dynamics into stock assessment models can improve fishery management … ABSTRACT Marine species and associated fisheries demonstrate complex spatial dynamics driven by biological, ecosystem and socioeconomic factors and integrating these spatial dynamics into stock assessment models can improve fishery management advice. While preliminary good practices for developing spatial stock assessment models have been proposed, comprehensive demonstrations applying these practices remain limited. Drawing on these good practices, we provide an end‐to‐end demonstration of developing a spatial stock assessment using Alaska sablefish ( Anoplopoma fimbria ). Our demonstration emphasises the utility of high‐resolution data analysis and conceptual models for informing key model structure decisions, the joint development of spatial and spatially‐aggregated models to enhance understanding of population dynamics, and the need for further guidance on integrating tagging data and diagnostic tools in spatial assessments. Spatial models highlighted regional differences in sablefish biomass, recruitment and age structure, but total population estimates generally aligned with outputs from spatially aggregated models. Moreover, the spatial model identified ontogenetic movement patterns for this highly mobile species. Overall, the spatially aggregated model for Alaska sablefish is likely adequate for management advice, but periodic spatial model updates could offer insights into spatial dynamics and regional depletion levels. Thus, we recommend concomitant use of both models: spatially aggregated models for informing population‐wide status, and spatial models for informing spatial fishery dynamics and local depletion. The sablefish application represents one of the first implementations of a spatial stock assessment using recently proposed good practices, serving as a valuable guide for future practitioners by underscoring critical decision points and analyses to address them when developing spatial stock assessments.

Age-Based Demography of Two Parrotfish and a Goatfish from Saipan, Northern Mariana Islands

2025-06-24

Cassandra Pardee , John Wiley , Brett M. Taylor | Fishes

The age-based life history of two commercially important parrotfishes (Labridae: tribe Scarinae) and one goatfish (Mullidae) were characterized based on the commercial nearshore fishery in Saipan, Commonwealth of the Northern … The age-based life history of two commercially important parrotfishes (Labridae: tribe Scarinae) and one goatfish (Mullidae) were characterized based on the commercial nearshore fishery in Saipan, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands. Age, growth, reproduction, and mortality were derived from fishery-dependent samples using sagittal otoliths and gonads for the stareye parrotfish Calotomus carolinus, pacific bullethead parrotfish Chlorurus spilurus, and yellowfin goatfish Mulloidichthys vanicolensis. All three species had short lifespans of 10 years or less, with a maximum age of 4 years for C. carolinus, 10 years for C. spilurus, and 7 years for M. vanicolensis. All three species had a fast initial growth to terminal body sizes, early maturation, and spawned throughout the year. The age-based demographic information presented here can be used to inform future stock assessments, fisheries management, and population models.

Unveiling the spatiotemporal variation of zooplankton community structure and their relationship with environmental variables using multivariate analysis in a tropical mangrove estuary

2025-06-24

Suman Nama , Ashna Shanmughan , Sahina Akter +7 more | Aquatic Sciences

Modeling spatio-temporal dynamics of Patagonian toothfish spawning in Kerguelen waters using CPUE data

2025-06-24

Fanny Ouzoulias , Clara Péron , Félix Massiot‐Granier | Fisheries Research

Exploring the Habitat Distribution of Decapterus macarellus in the South China Sea Under Varying Spatial Resolutions: A Combined Approach Using Multiple Machine Learning and the MaxEnt Model

2025-06-24

Qikun Shen , Pengfei Zhang , Xue Feng +2 more | Biology

The selection of environmental variables with different spatial resolutions is a critical factor affecting the accuracy of machine learning-based fishery forecasting. In this study, spring-season survey data of Decapterus macarellus … The selection of environmental variables with different spatial resolutions is a critical factor affecting the accuracy of machine learning-based fishery forecasting. In this study, spring-season survey data of Decapterus macarellus in the South China Sea from 2016 to 2024 were used to construct six machine learning models—decision tree (DT), extra trees (ETs), K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), light gradient boosting machine (LGBM), random forest (RF), and extreme gradient boosting (XGB)—based on seven environmental variables (e.g., sea surface temperature (SST), chlorophyll-a concentration (CHL)) at four spatial resolutions (0.083°, 0.25°, 0.5°, and 1°), filtered using Pearson correlation analysis. Optimal models were selected under each resolution through performance comparison. SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) values were employed to interpret the contribution of environmental predictors, and the maximum entropy (MaxEnt) model was used to perform habitat suitability mapping. Results showed that the XGB model at 0.083° resolution achieved the best performance, with the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC_AUC) = 0.836, accuracy = 0.793, and negative predictive value = 0.862, outperforming models at coarser resolutions. CHL was identified as the most influential variable, showing high importance in both the SHAP distribution and the cumulative area under the curve contribution. Predicted suitable habitats were mainly located in the northern and central-southern South China Sea, with the latter covering a broader area. This study is the first to systematically evaluate the impact of spatial resolution on environmental variable selection in machine learning models, integrating SHAP-based interpretability with MaxEnt modeling to achieve reliable habitat suitability prediction, offering valuable insights for fishery forecasting in the South China Sea.

Ecosystem based management of sandeels, demersal fish and seabirds in Boreal ecosystems in Northeast Atlantic

2025-06-24

Pétur Steingrund , Tycho Anker‐Nilssen , Hans T. Björnsson +6 more | TemaNord

Assessing the anthropogenic disturbance impact on migratory and resident shorebirds in sandy beaches of the São Paulo, Brazil Coast

2025-06-23

Karina Anahí Ávila Esparza , Bruno Avellar Alves de Lima , Edison Barbieri | Ornithology Research

Report on cross-sectoral impacts on deep-sea fisheries in the high seas

2025-06-23

| FAO eBooks

The cascading effect of fishing down marine top predators in the northeastern Mediterranean Sea

2025-06-23

Konstantinos Touloumis , Athanassios C. Tsikliras , Donna Dimarchopoulou | Deleted Journal

The Impacts of Marine Heatwaves on Economic Fisheries in Adjacent Sea Regions Around Japan Under Global Warming

2025-06-20

Dan Liu , Xinjun Chen , Bilin Liu | Fishes

Climate change has significantly affected marine fisheries. In recent years, marine heatwaves (MHWs) have intensified concurrently with increasing sea surface temperature (SST), particularly along the coast of Japan in the … Climate change has significantly affected marine fisheries. In recent years, marine heatwaves (MHWs) have intensified concurrently with increasing sea surface temperature (SST), particularly along the coast of Japan in the Northwest Pacific. Although the relationships between MHWs and large-scale climate patterns are well established, the long-term effects of MHWs on fisheries remain uncertain. Considering thermal adaptability, we analyzed the catches of warm- and cold-water species from commercially important fisheries in adjacent sea regions around Japan, correlating them with regional SSTs and MHW indices. Our results show that regional SSTs exhibited a persistent increasing trend, with major shifts occurring around 1988/89 and 1998/99. Pronounced interannual–decadal variabilities were observed in the leading principal components (PCs) of different species groups, with step changes concentrated in 1989~1992, 1999~2003, and 2009~2012. Notably, there was a significant negative response of cold groups to warming SSTs. Among warm-water species, only the Japanese sardine (Sardinops melanostictus) catch exhibited a strong correlation with climate change. Gradient forest analysis and threshold generalized additive models (TGAMs) further revealed the nonlinear, threshold-driven responses of the fish groups to environmental variability, which occurred after step changes in both the environmental factors and catches. Matching analysis between the annual change rates of catches and MHW indices confirmed the detrimental effects of strong MHWs on marine fisheries.

Getting on board with stunning wild‐caught fish

2025-06-20

Josh Loeb | Veterinary Record

Abstract Josh Loeb discusses a new report looking into the welfare issue of humanely killing wild fish caught commercially at sea. Abstract Josh Loeb discusses a new report looking into the welfare issue of humanely killing wild fish caught commercially at sea.

Spatial and temporal distribution of shallow-water hake Merluccius capensis off the south coast of South Africa

2025-06-20

Lungelwa C. J. Nomxego , Olav Sigurd Kjesbu , WHH Sauer +1 more | African Journal of Marine Science

Letter to the Editor re: Ryznar, E.R., & Litzow, M.A. (2024). “Predicting the distribution of red king crab bycatch in Bering Sea flatfish trawl fisheries” [Fisheries Research 279, 107158]

2025-06-20

André E. Punt , Beatríz Morales-Nin | Fisheries Research

Effects of marine heat waves and cold spells on a polar shallow water ecosystem

2025-06-20

Philipp M. Fischer , Holger Brix , Ingeborg Bussmann +7 more | Scientific Reports

Abstract Global warming affects the Earth system in complex ways, often preventing a functional understanding of the underlying processes. Disentangling these processes between abiotic drivers and single species or entire … Abstract Global warming affects the Earth system in complex ways, often preventing a functional understanding of the underlying processes. Disentangling these processes between abiotic drivers and single species or entire communities is, however, essential for an in-depth understanding of the impacts of climate change on the ecosystem. Using a high-resolution time series on heat waves and cold spells in an Arctic fjord system, we demonstrate that AI-supported digital data processing, which is based on state-of-the-art observatory technology, has the potential to provide new insights into the effects of abiotic factors on biotic communities, which would not be possible with traditional expedition-based sampling methods. Furthermore, our study shows that short-term, event-driven anomalies in key ocean variables not only alter a system’s hydrography but also have the potential to impact the entire community across the trophic chain from benthos and zooplankton to fish. We found a significant positive correlation between hydrographic temperature anomalies and biota abundance, with high biota abundances linked to ‘Atlantic’ phases with frequent heat waves and low biota abundances correlated with ‘Arctic’ phases dominated by cold spells. The study also revealed that hydrographic anomalies can not only influence overall biota abundance in an area but also trigger complex shifts in species composition. This leads to fluctuating interannual abundance peaks in specific biotic groups, such as jellyfish, fish, or chaetognaths, depending on trigger factors that are not yet fully understood.

Non-stationary response of Pacific saury (Cololabis saira) in the northwestern Pacific to climate variability

2025-06-19

Chang Cao , Shuyang Ma , Yang Liu +4 more | Frontiers in Marine Science

Pacific saury ( Cololabis saira ) is a typical small pelagic fish in the northwestern Pacific with considerable fluctuations in productivity, bringing about great economic and ecological concerns. Numerous studies … Pacific saury ( Cololabis saira ) is a typical small pelagic fish in the northwestern Pacific with considerable fluctuations in productivity, bringing about great economic and ecological concerns. Numerous studies have suggested that the population dynamics of Pacific saury is an integrated process affected by multiple environmental and climatic drivers. However, little has hitherto been done to incorporate the non-stationary effects of multiple drivers, impeding progress in the understanding of the population dynamics and the development of management strategies. In this study, we adopted multivariate statistical analyses such as variable coefficients generalized additive models to determine the non-stationary effects of climatic and environmental variations on the population dynamics of Pacific saury. The results showed that Pacific saury populations in the northwestern Pacific responded to the climate regime shifts in the late 1980s and early 2000s. Non-stationarity was identified in the relationships between climate/environment and Pacific saury. The dynamics of Pacific saury from 1970 to 2021 could be divided into four periods: the 1970s and 1980s when the Siberian High and the intensification of the East Asian winter monsoon drove down the water temperature, providing a suitable habitat and resulting in an increase in resource abundance; In the 1990s, the rise in temperature led to a reduction in resource abundance; At the beginning of the 21st century, the enhancement of the Siberian High brought about a suitable habitat, and the resource abundance showed a significant increase; The unfavorable high water temperature environment in the 2010s caused the resource abundance to decrease once again. This study highlights that precise identification of the population status and climatic conditions is helpful to achieve good trade-offs between resource exploitation and protection and to facilitate ecosystem-based management for Pacific saury fisheries.

Development of a spatiotemporally integrated per-recruit model for Southern Flounder in the northern Gulf of America

2025-06-19

Calvin Chee , Patrick M. Graham , Robert T. Leaf | Fisheries Research

Mesozooplankton community associations with water mass and season off the Southeast coast of New Zealand (2017–2018)

2025-06-19

Morgan Meyers , Moira Décima , Kim Currie +3 more | New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research

Understanding and predicting size selectivity of saithe (Pollachius virens) in trawl codends

2025-06-19

Jesse Brinkhof , Manu Sistiaga , Bent Herrmann +2 more | Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries

Abstract Saithe ( Pollachius virens ) is common in the Northern Atlantic and is often captured with demersal and pelagic trawls that comprise diamond mesh codends. However, size selectivity data … Abstract Saithe ( Pollachius virens ) is common in the Northern Atlantic and is often captured with demersal and pelagic trawls that comprise diamond mesh codends. However, size selectivity data is scarce for saithe. The meshes in these trawl codends have limited openness due to the drag forces acting on the catch accumulation in the aft end, which reduces escape opportunities for roundfish like saithe. Shortening lastridge ropes attached to codend selvedges can increase codend mesh openness and make it more constant though the capture process potentially improving size selectivity. Thus, this study investigated the size selectivity of saithe in diamond mesh codends with two different configurations: lastridges with the same length as the codend selvedges and 15% shortened lastridge ropes. Results from experimental fishing proved that shortened lastridge ropes increased codend size selection of saithe. By combining these results with saithe morphology data relevant for mesh size selectivity, we were able to gain deeper understanding on codend size selectivity for this species and the influence of the shortened lastridge ropes. The analysis conducted enabled us to predict the size selectivity of saithe for codends with a mesh size different to that tested in the sea trials. By comparing our predictions for codend size selection with results obtained based on experimental fishing reported in literature, we demonstrate that our predictions are well-aligned with experimental results obtained for a wide range of codend mesh sizes. Our approach and results can act as guidelines for technical regulations and codend design in saithe fisheries leading to exploitation patterns that comply with local legislations as the minimum legal size defined by the authorities.

Spatio-Temporal Habitat Dynamics of Migratory Small Yellow Croaker (Larimichthys polyactis) in Hangzhou Bay, China

2025-06-19

Xiangyu Long , Dong Wang , Pengbo Song +3 more | Fishes

The small yellow croaker (Larimichthys polyactis), a migratory estuarine-demersal fish critical to East Asian fisheries, has faced severe population declines because of anthropogenic pressures (e.g., overfishing and anthropogenic habitat modification) … The small yellow croaker (Larimichthys polyactis), a migratory estuarine-demersal fish critical to East Asian fisheries, has faced severe population declines because of anthropogenic pressures (e.g., overfishing and anthropogenic habitat modification) and shifting environmental conditions. This study investigates its spatio-temporal habitat dynamics in Hangzhou Bay (2017–2023) using fisheries surveys and species distribution models (SDMs), with insights applicable to Pacific Coast migratory fish conservation. We evaluated the performance of eleven modeling algorithms to identify the most accurate model for predicting small yellow croaker distributions. Our results showed that the random forest algorithm outperformed other models, with a high sensitivity (95.238) and specificity (99.49), demonstrating its ability to capture complex non-linear relationships between environmental factors and species distribution. Depth emerged as the most influential factor, accounting for 30% of the importance in the model, with small yellow croakers preferring deeper waters around 60 m. Salinity was the second most important factor, with higher occurrence probabilities in areas where salinity exceeded 25 PSU. Other environmental factors, such as temperature and dissolved oxygen, had relatively smaller impacts on distribution. Spatially, small yellow croakers were predominantly distributed in offshore regions east of 122.5° E, where deeper waters and higher salinity levels provided suitable habitat conditions. This study underscores the need for targeted management measures, such as habitat restoration, to ensure the sustainable management of small-bodied yellow croaker populations.

Justification of rope parameters for use as edges in bottom seine fishing (Danish seine)

2025-06-19

Е. В. Осипов | Fisheries

The paper examines the characteristics of ropes used to make edges and identifies their important parameters, and also proposes simple methods for selecting effective ropes by fishing companies and manufacturers … The paper examines the characteristics of ropes used to make edges and identifies their important parameters, and also proposes simple methods for selecting effective ropes by fishing companies and manufacturers of fishing gear. The factors influencing the efficiency of edges are shown, and the optimal ranges of rope characteristics are given based on the data from catchability studies.

Pelagic early development of the silver grunt Pomadasys argenteus in Nakagusuku Bay, Okinawa, Japan, with notes on its occurrence and spawning patterns

2025-06-19

Masato Uehara , Yoshizumi Chimura , Itaru Ohta +3 more | Deleted Journal

Rapid, in situ habitat assessments reinforce species-specific patterns of habitat use among juveniles of three recreationally important finfish in Texas

2025-06-18

Catherine Eckert , Zachary Olsen , Ethan Getz | North American Journal of Fisheries Management

ABSTRACT Objective Spotted Seatrout Cynoscion nebulosus, Red Drum Sciaenops ocellatus, and Black Drum Pogonias cromis are among the most sought after finfish in Texas coastal waters. Understanding species-specific habitat associations … ABSTRACT Objective Spotted Seatrout Cynoscion nebulosus, Red Drum Sciaenops ocellatus, and Black Drum Pogonias cromis are among the most sought after finfish in Texas coastal waters. Understanding species-specific habitat associations and underlying causation will help to form and justify meaningful management actions that benefit a variety of species. This study describes juvenile (&lt;300 mm) fish–habitat associations (using occurrence and biomass) along the lower Texas coast. Methods We leveraged data from a 5-year pilot study that incorporated rapid, in situ habitat assessments into Texas Parks and Wildlife Department’s statewide fisheries-independent monitoring program. A generalized linear model with a binomial distribution was used to assess patterns in occurrence across physical (i.e., aquatic and shoreline habitat) and hydrographic (i.e., salinity) conditions, whereas a generalized linear model with a gamma distribution was used to assess nonzero biomass data. Results The relationships between habitat conditions and the occurrence of Spotted Seatrout, Red Drum, and Black Drum varied by species. The probability of occurrence of Spotted Seatrout juveniles was highest in sea grass and vegetated shoreline habitats and mildly decreased as salinity increased (0–50 psu). Red Drum occurrence was also highest in vegetated aquatic and shoreline habitats, but salinity was not a significant factor. There was no relationship between Black Drum occurrence and physical habitat type, but there was a strong inverse relationship between occurrence and salinity (0–50 psu). The relationships with biomass were less clear for all species, with Spotted Seatrout biomass slightly higher in sea grass aquatic habitats and Black Drum biomass higher in bare aquatic habitats and vegetated shoreline habitats. Conclusions Five years of rapid, in situ habitat assessments resulted in paired fisheries–habitat data with sufficient resolution to describe habitat associations among three of Texas’s most important finfish, demonstrating the effectiveness of integrating habitat assessments into fisheries-independent monitoring. The results presented here could aid resource managers in efforts such as habitat restoration and restitution, stock enhancement, and stock assessments to maximize the benefits of management efforts.

Spatial variation in otolith elemental chemistry of Stegastes arcifrons (Pomacentridae) reflects environmental patchiness at the Galápagos archipelago

2025-06-18

Juan Manuel Alava‐Jurado , Margarita Brandt , Michael J. Kingsford | Journal of Fish Biology

Abstract In marine ecosystems, environmental conditions shape important ecological processes. The equatorial Galápagos Marine Reserve (GMR) is known for great spatial variation in the upwelling of cold nutrient‐rich waters and … Abstract In marine ecosystems, environmental conditions shape important ecological processes. The equatorial Galápagos Marine Reserve (GMR) is known for great spatial variation in the upwelling of cold nutrient‐rich waters and the input of warm Panamanian waters. Differences in oceanography influence the structure of benthic communities. There is, however, a paucity of knowledge on the spatial scales of exposure to cool and warmer waters. Here we analysed the elemental chemistry of otoliths in the territorial yellow‐tail damselfish ( Stegastes arcifrons ) to identify patterns of elemental signals across a gradient from warm to upwelled waters. Contrasting patterns of elemental ratios (Ba/Ca, Mg/Ca, Mn/Ca and Sr/Ca) were found in whole otoliths of adult fish at spatial scales of kilometres to 10 s of kilometres; there was also high variation among fish within some sites. A positive correlation was detected between temperature and Sr/Ca ratios. We conclude that variation in environmental conditions influenced fish elemental incorporation into otoliths, highlighting the oceanographic heterogeneity of shallow rocky reef environments in the Galápagos.

A decline in the energy content of forage fish in the <scp>Bay</scp> of <scp>Biscay</scp>

2025-06-18

Morgane Amelot , Marianne Robert , Maud Mouchet +1 more | Journal of Fish Biology

Abstract Planktonic production fuels the base of marine food webs and can mediate energy accumulation in consumers but is affected by several anthropogenic pressures. Our understanding of how shifts in … Abstract Planktonic production fuels the base of marine food webs and can mediate energy accumulation in consumers but is affected by several anthropogenic pressures. Our understanding of how shifts in prey quality at various trophic level shape marine food webs remains poor. This study explores variation in the nutritional quality of prey of hake Merluccius merluccius and whiting Merlangius merlangus between the 2000s and 2020s. An overall decrease in prey quality was observed between these periods. Prey species previously considered high quality no longer differed in nutritional composition from intermediate‐quality prey species. These results suggest that a profound trophic reorganization is currently taking place in the Bay of Biscay, probably mediated through bottom‐up processes.

Redescription of Microcotyle elegans (Polyopisthocotyla: Microcotylidae) from Scombrops boops (Perciformes: Scombropidae) off Japanese Waters

2025-06-18

Yusuke Kamio , Masato Nitta | Species Diversity

Influence of environmental drivers on the interannual variability of somatic growth of the southern blue whiting (Micromesistius australis) in the Southeastern Pacific Ocean

2025-06-18

Claudeth Asencio González , Guido Plaza , Francisco Cerna | Fisheries Research

Prolonged use of freshwater habitats by the European sea bass revealed by otolith chemical analysis

2025-06-18

Carlos Antunes , Catarina Antunes , M. Cristina Fernandes +1 more | Journal of Fish Biology

Abstract The European sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax (Linnaeus, 1758), is a highly valuable marine resource for both commercial and sport fishing. Estuaries are well‐recognized as critical feeding areas, particularly for … Abstract The European sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax (Linnaeus, 1758), is a highly valuable marine resource for both commercial and sport fishing. Estuaries are well‐recognized as critical feeding areas, particularly for juveniles, throughout the species' distribution range. Empirical observations suggest that sea bass can also use freshwater habitats, although the time spent in these habitats remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the seasonal occurrence of sea bass in a freshwater habitat within the Minho River, and to estimate the duration of their stay in these habitats. To characterize the freshwater contingent (e.g. age structure, sex ratio), sea bass collected with fyke nets between 2008 and 2023 from a fixed station in a freshwater habitat were analysed. A random subsample of 30 fish was selected for otolith chemical analysis to reconstruct habitat use throughout their lives and estimate time spent in freshwater habitats. An increase in the number of catches was observed from 2016 onwards, with sea bass numbers peaking during autumn and spring. The youngest and smallest individuals were collected during autumn and early winter, whereas the oldest and largest individuals were found more frequently during late spring and summer. The most common age was 4 years old, and 63% of the individuals collected were undifferentiated. Otolith chemical analysis revealed that nearly 50% of the individuals began their lives in brackish environments, suggesting that coastal habitats may also serve as spawning grounds. This finding raises the hypothesis that this population may also exhibit partial migratory behaviour. The continuous use of freshwater habitats for more than a year was documented, which should be considered in fisheries management.

CORRECTION: Dietary shifts and energetics of Atlantic bluefin tuna Thunnus thynnus in the Gulf of Maine

2025-06-17

Stefanie Nadeau , JM Logan , J Carlucci +2 more | Marine Ecology Progress Series

Climate change resilience of vulnerable marine species in northwest Europe

2025-06-17

Elena Couce , John K. Pinnegar , Bryony L. Townhill | Marine Biology

Abstract Climate change is impacting marine organisms directly through its influence on suitable habitats. We use an ensemble of five ecological niche models to determine how climate change could affect … Abstract Climate change is impacting marine organisms directly through its influence on suitable habitats. We use an ensemble of five ecological niche models to determine how climate change could affect the distribution of species of conservation importance across the northwest European shelf. The models project suitable habitat to the end of the century for 19 sensitive and vulnerable fish and invertebrate species under two climate change scenarios. We found an overall increase in suitable habitat for the species, but with localised decreases and increases at certain localities. Spurdog, thornback and undulate rays and native oyster showed the largest increases in suitable habitat this century, whereas decreases were seen in the slender sea pen, ocean quahog, sea fan and fan mussel. The increases were concentrated in the central and northern North Sea and the decreases to the south and west of the UK, as well as in the southern North Sea. Projected changes in habitat for reef-forming species, means that there could be knock-on impacts to ecosystems and food-webs as species’ distributions shift at different rates. The overall results suggest that most of the mobile species could be relatively robust to climate change in the absence of other human disturbance. However, the results should be considered in the context of human disturbance more broadly. Which future carbon emissions pathway society follows (e.g. RCP4.5 or RCP8.5), will also be a significant determinant as to how much change there will be. The model results described in this study are especially useful in determining which species or areas may benefit from active interventions, to remove barriers to dispersal or provide protection, or from enhanced monitoring and surveillance to inform management.

Population dynamics and fishery biology of the yellow-edged lyretail grouper Variola louti (Forsskål, 1775) along the eastern coast of the Red Sea

2025-06-17

Sirajudheen Thayyil Kadengal , Zahra Okba , Goutham Bharathi Muthu Palani +5 more | Frontiers in Marine Science

The yellow-edged lyretail grouper, Variola louti , is ecologically and commercially important in the Red Sea. As a carnivorous species, V. louti plays a vital role in maintaining coral reef … The yellow-edged lyretail grouper, Variola louti , is ecologically and commercially important in the Red Sea. As a carnivorous species, V. louti plays a vital role in maintaining coral reef ecosystem health. Annually, an estimated 260 tonnes of V. louti are landed along the Saudi Arabian Red Sea coast, contributing approximately 6.5 million USD to the national economy. Given its significance, effective fishery management is crucial for sustainability. This study assessed the growth, maturity, and mortality of V. louti using fishery-dependent samples collected from the eastern Red Sea (February 2022–December 2024). Fork length ( FL, n = 7,087) ranged from 10.5 to 64.3 cm, while total weight ( W , n = 2,629) varied from 53 to 2,910 g. The FL – W relationship for both sexes combined was W = 0.0117× FL 3.1 . Von Bertalanffy growth parameters, based on sagittal otolith readings, were FL ∞ = 62.28 cm, K = 0.12 year −1 , and t 0 = −2.26 years. Median FL at first maturity was 24.98 cm, with no significant sex differences. Mean natural mortality ( M ), derived from three different methods, was 0.243 year −1 . Total mortality ( Z ), estimated using a linearized exponential decay model, was 0.38 year −1 . Based on these Z and M estimates, fishing mortality ( F ) was calculated as 0.137 year −1 . Yield-per-recruit and spawning potential ratio analyses indicate that the current F estimate places the stock near the target reference point. The current exploitation rate ( E = 0.36) remains well below the limit reference point of 0.5. The V. louti fishery encompasses a broad FL range and multiple age groups, with immature individuals comprising less than 12% of total landings. However, according to the minimum landing size of 33 cm FL set by Saudi Arabian fisheries regulations, 47% of the total catch consisted of mature fish aged 2–3 years but below this threshold (25 cm ≤ FL &lt; 33 cm), while only 41% met the legal-size requirement ( FL &gt; 33 cm). The high proportion of legally undersized individuals in landings underscores the need for ongoing monitoring and additional management measures, such as catch quotas, seasonal restrictions, and fishing effort reduction, to ensure long-term stock sustainability.

Fish diversity and community structure during open and closed mouth states in Poovar—a small temporarily closed tropical Indian estuary

2025-06-16

Sreekanth Giri Bhavan , Maria Sini , Akshay .A. Kumar +4 more | Marine Biodiversity

Analizando la productividad de las especies del género echium en la isla de Tenerife.

2025-06-16

Jonay Cubas , Isaac da Silva Torres , Ana León-Izquierdo +3 more | Vieraea Folia scientiarum biologicarum canariensium

Many negative factors are affecting the flora of the islands, which makes it necessary to analyse its capacity to survive and adapt to environmental changes.Studies on the productivity of Canary … Many negative factors are affecting the flora of the islands, which makes it necessary to analyse its capacity to survive and adapt to environmental changes.Studies on the productivity of Canary flora species are scarce. In this work, we have analysed the distribution and productivity of flowers and seeds of eleven species of the genus Echium spp. in Tenerife. Data on morphological characters were collected and correlated with reproductive effort. The analyses obtained indicate that there are significant differences between morphological and productivity characters for the different species, as well as forgrow thtype, with E.wildpretii being the species with the highest production. Significant differences in flower production etween localities were obtained for the same species in 66.6% of the taxa studied, indicating hatthe species change their production depending on the locality where they are found. However, the current distribution and abundance of this genus in Tenerife cannot be explained exclusively by their productivity; the anagement developed with some of the taxa and the anthropic influence also explain the proportion of potential area occupied.

Early breeding of the endemic Great Grey Shrike Lanius excubitor koenigi (Linnaeus: 1758) from the Canary Islands (Aves, Laniidae).

2025-06-16

Gustavo Tejera , J M Caballero , Ruben Pérez +1 more | Vieraea Folia scientiarum biologicarum canariensium

Large salinity fluctuations affect the biovolume and biomass of keystone estuarine copepods

2025-06-16

Letícia Borges Leite , Tatiane Martins Garcia , Carolina Coelho Campos +3 more | Marine Environmental Research

Thermal Stress and Suitability for Aquatic Species in the San Francisco Estuary

2025-06-16

Catarina Pien , Rosemary Hartman , Eva Bush +2 more | San Francisco Estuary and Watershed Science

Increases in water temperature caused by climate change will challenge the management of water and species in the San Francisco Estuary. Our goals were to describe spatial and seasonal patterns … Increases in water temperature caused by climate change will challenge the management of water and species in the San Francisco Estuary. Our goals were to describe spatial and seasonal patterns in water temperature across the upper estuary, and evaluate how temperature stress and suitability vary across the aquatic ecosystem. We synthesized 10 years of continuous water-temperature data at 75 stations across six regions of the estuary between 2010 and 2019. We identified stressful temperature thresholds for species of interest using published physiological limits and observed distribution, including Endangered Species Act-listed native fish (e.g., osmerids, salmonids), native fish (e.g., cyprinids), non-native fish (e.g., centrarchids, bivalves), and nuisance species such as invasive aquatic vegetation, and harmful cyanobacteria. We then quantified thermal stress across varying spatial and temporal scales and metrics. Analyses indicated there were detectable regional temperature differences, and that Suisun Bay was the only region to provide regular thermal refuge during the warmer parts of the year, though portions of the confluence and Suisun Marsh also provided potential thermal refuge during summer/fall and during cooler parts of the day. Meanwhile, the Central and South Delta experienced the warmest temperatures, exceeding thresholds for listed species throughout summer and early fall. We found that listed species such as juvenile salmonids and osmerids experience more thermal stress across a number of metrics. Fishes with higher heat tolerance (including non-natives and select natives), aquatic vegetation, and Microcystis (a harmful cyanobacteria) had the lowest average number of thermal stress days. This study demonstrates that the estuary is already exhibiting stressful conditions for species of concern, and thermal stress will only increase with climate change. We identify at what times of year and where the estuary may provide refuge from thermal stress conditions across a variety of species, which has important implications for restoration prioritization, design, and species management.

Local and regional variations in composition and aggregate properties of fish assemblages in rocky intertidal pools of the Chilean coast

2025-06-15

Mario George‐Nascimento , Gabriela Muñoz , Mauricio Castro-Rojas +1 more | Aquatic Ecology

The Florida stone crab fishery: Trophic shifts, parasitic associations, and nutritional impacts

2025-06-14

Elizabeth Duermit-Moreau , Jamie Bojko , Claire E. Crowley-McIntyre +2 more | Fisheries Research

Phenology of fish movements between a mediterranean lagoon and the sea: Insights from acoustic camera and fishers’ local ecological knowledge

2025-06-14

Iona Le Gallou , Eléonore Cambra , Elsa Amilhat +3 more | Regional Studies in Marine Science

Trophic ecology of a highly abundant pelagic fish (Trachurus lathami) in a coastal marine ecosystem (39º - 42º S; Southwest Atlantic) related to environmental variability

2025-06-13

Aylén M. Fernández Abud , Daniela Alemany , Claudio C. Buratti +1 more | Fisheries Research

Otolith oxygen isotopes inform dispersal and movement patterns for eastern school (Sillago flindersi) and stout (Sillago robusta) whiting along the east coast of Australia

2025-06-13

Melissa Tan , Brendan P. Kelaher , Lewis Adler +2 more | Fisheries Research

Trends in Fishery Ecosystem Stability in the East China Sea under Dual Pressures of Fishing and Global Warming

2025-06-13

Qian Yang , Xuming Shi , Fang Wang +7 more | Environmental Science & Technology

Fishery ecosystem stability, requiring balanced biomass and biodiversity, is vital for sustainability but is being threatened by fishing and global warming. Here, we developed an Ecopath model for the East … Fishery ecosystem stability, requiring balanced biomass and biodiversity, is vital for sustainability but is being threatened by fishing and global warming. Here, we developed an Ecopath model for the East China Sea (ECS) with 45 functional groups and constructed an Ecosim model with 15 scenarios, using fishing effort (FE) and sea surface temperature (SST) as driving variables. The resistance resilience stability (RRS) index was proposed to quantify the comprehensive changes in total biomass and stability of the ECS under dual pressures from 2000 to 2100. SST increase led to biomass declines eight to 12 times greater than FE increase, though 63.06% of economic species were negatively affected by rising FE. Notably, several key economic species may face the risk of extinction by the end of the century under a 10% FE increase and 4.0 °C SST rise. This will pose a significant disturbance to the ecosystem stability. However, our results suggest that reducing FE to 50% of current levels and limiting SST rise to within 1.5 °C could effectively prevent a further biomass reduction and keep the RRS index within reasonable limits. The research contributes to a quantitative analysis of ecosystem stability under dual pressures, providing a scientific basis for sustainable fishery resource management.