It is well known that given a finitely generated torsion module $M$ over the Iwasawa algebra $\mathbb Z_p[[\Gamma]]$, where $\Gamma \cong \mathbb Z_p$, there exists a continuous $p$-adic character $\rho$ …
It is well known that given a finitely generated torsion module $M$ over the Iwasawa algebra $\mathbb Z_p[[\Gamma]]$, where $\Gamma \cong \mathbb Z_p$, there exists a continuous $p$-adic character $\rho$ of $\Gamma$ such that, for the twist $M(\rho)$ of $M$, the $\Gamma_n := \Gamma^{p^n}$ Euler characteristic, i.e. $\chi(\Gamma_n, M(\rho))$, is finite for every $n$. We prove a generalization of this result by considering modules over the Iwasawa algebra of a general $p$-adic Lie group $G$, instead of $\Gamma$. We relate this twisted Euler characteristic to the evaluation of the {\it Akashi series} at the twist and in turn use it to indicate some application to the Iwasawa theory of elliptic curves. This article is a natural generalization of the result established in [JOZ].
The $p^\infty$-fine Selmer group of an elliptic curve $E$ over a number field $F$ is a subgroup of the classical $p^\infty$-Selmer group of $E$ over $F$. Fine Selmer group is …
The $p^\infty$-fine Selmer group of an elliptic curve $E$ over a number field $F$ is a subgroup of the classical $p^\infty$-Selmer group of $E$ over $F$. Fine Selmer group is closely related to the 1st and 2nd Iwasawa cohomology groups. Coates-Sujatha observed that the structure of the fine Selmer group of $E$ over a $p$-adic Lie extension of a number field is intricately related to some deep questions in classical Iwasawa theory; for example, Iwasawa's classical $\mu$-invariant vanishing conjecture. In this article, we study the properties of the $p^\infty$-fine Selmer group of an elliptic curve over certain $p$-adic Lie extensions of a number field. We also define and discuss $p^\infty$-fine Selmer group of an elliptic curve over function fields of characteristic $p$ and also of characteristic $\ell \neq p.$ We relate our study with a conjecture of Jannsen.
A classical twisting lemma says that given a finitely generated torsion module $M$ over the Iwasawa algebra $\mathbb{Z}_p[[\Gamma ]]$ with $\Gamma \cong \mathbb{Z}_p, \ \exists$ a continuous character $\theta: \Gamma …
A classical twisting lemma says that given a finitely generated torsion module $M$ over the Iwasawa algebra $\mathbb{Z}_p[[\Gamma ]]$ with $\Gamma \cong \mathbb{Z}_p, \ \exists$ a continuous character $\theta: \Gamma \rightarrow \mathbb{Z}_p^\times$ such that, the $ \Gamma^{n}$-Euler characteristic of the twist $M(\theta)$ is finite for every $n$. This twisting lemma has been generalized for the Iwasawa algebra of a general compact $p$-adic Lie group $G$. In this article, we consider a further generalization of the twisting lemma to $\mathcal{T}[[G]]$ modules, where $G$ is a compact $p$-adic Lie group and $\mathcal{T}$ is a finite extension of $\mathbb{Z}_p[[X]]$. Such modules naturally occur in Hida theory. We also indicate arithmetic application by considering the twisted Euler Characteristic of the big Selmer (respectively fine Selmer) group of a $\Lambda$-adic form over a $p$-adic Lie extension.
Let $K/F$ be a finite Galois extension of number fields and $\sigma$ be an absolutely irreducible, self-dual representation of $\mathrm{Gal}(K/F)$. Let $p$ be an odd prime and consider two elliptic …
Let $K/F$ be a finite Galois extension of number fields and $\sigma$ be an absolutely irreducible, self-dual representation of $\mathrm{Gal}(K/F)$. Let $p$ be an odd prime and consider two elliptic curves $E_1, E_2$ with good, ordinary reduction at primes above $p$ and equivalent mod-$p$ Galois representations. In this article, we study the variation of the parity of the multiplicities of $\sigma$ in the representation space associated to the $p^\infty$-Selmer group of $E_i$ over $K$. We also compare the root numbers for the twist of $E_i/F$ by $\sigma$ and show that the $p$-parity conjecture holds for the twist of $E_1/F$ by $\sigma$ if and only if it holds for the twist of $E_2/F$ by $\sigma$. We also express Mazur-Rubin-Nekov\'a\v{r}'s arithmetic local constants in terms of certain local Iwasawa invariants.
Given an elliptic curve $E$ over a number field $F$ and an isogeny $\varphi$ of $E$ defined over $F$, the study of the $\varphi$-Selmer group has a rich history going …
Given an elliptic curve $E$ over a number field $F$ and an isogeny $\varphi$ of $E$ defined over $F$, the study of the $\varphi$-Selmer group has a rich history going back to the works of Cassels and the recent works of Bhargava et al. and Chao Li. Let $E/\mathbb Q$ be an elliptic curve with a rational $3$-isogeny. In this article, we give an upper bound and a lower bound of the rank of the Selmer group of $E$ over $\mathbb Q(\zeta_3)$ induced by the $3$-isogeny in terms of the $3$-part of the ideal class group of certain quadratic extension of $\mathbb Q(\zeta_3)$. Using our bounds on the Selmer groups, we prove some cases of Sylvester's conjecture on the rational cube sum problem and also exhibit infinitely many elliptic curves of arbitrary large $3$-Selmer rank over $\mathbb Q(\zeta_3)$. Our method also produces infinitely many imaginary quadratic fields and biquadratic fields with non-trivial $3$-class groups.
The study of $n$-Selmer group of elliptic curve over number field in recent past has led to the discovery of some deep results in the arithmetic of elliptic curves. Given …
The study of $n$-Selmer group of elliptic curve over number field in recent past has led to the discovery of some deep results in the arithmetic of elliptic curves. Given two elliptic curves $E_1$ and $E_2$ over a number field $K$, Mazur-Rubin\cite{mr} have defined them to be {\it $n$-Selmer companion} if for every quadratic twist $\chi$ of $K$, the $n$-Selmer groups of $E_1^\chi $ and $E_2^\chi$ over $K$ are isomorphic. Given a prime $p$, they have given sufficient conditions for two elliptic curves to be $p^r$-Selmer companion in terms of mod-$p^r$ congruences between the curves. We discuss an analogue of this for Bloch-Kato $p^r$-Selmer group of modular forms. We compare the Bloch-Kato Selmer groups of a modular form respectively with the Greenberg Selmer group when the modular form is $p$-ordinary and with the signed Selmer group of Lei-Loeffler-Zerbes when the modular form is non-ordinary at $p$. We also indicate the corresponding results over $\Q_\cyc$ and its relation with the well known congruence results of the special values of the corresponding $L$-functions due to Vatsal.
Let $p$ be an odd prime, $ f$ be a $ p $-ordinary newform of weight $ k $ and $ h $ be a normalized cuspidal $ p $-ordinary …
Let $p$ be an odd prime, $ f$ be a $ p $-ordinary newform of weight $ k $ and $ h $ be a normalized cuspidal $ p $-ordinary Hecke eigenform of weight $ l < k$. In this article, we study the $p$-adic $ L $-function and $ p^{\infty} $-Selmer group of the Rankin-Selberg product of $f$ and $h$ under the assumption that $ p $ is an Eisenstein prime for $ h $ i.e. the residual Galois representation of $ h $ at $ p $ is reducible. We show that the $ p $-adic $ L $-function and the characteristic ideal of the $p^\infty$-Selmer group of the Rankin-Selberg product of $f, h$ generate the same ideal modulo $ p $ in the Iwasawa algebra i.e. the Rankin-Selberg Iwasawa main conjecture for $f \otimes h$ holds mod $p$. As an application to our results, we explicitly describe a few examples where the above congruence holds.
We establish a duality result proving the `functional equation' of the characteristic ideal of the Selmer group associated to a nearly ordinary Hilbert modular form over the cyclotomic $\mathbb{Z}_{p}$ extension …
We establish a duality result proving the `functional equation' of the characteristic ideal of the Selmer group associated to a nearly ordinary Hilbert modular form over the cyclotomic $\mathbb{Z}_{p}$ extension of a totally real number field. Further, we use this result to establish a duality or algebraic `functional equation' for the `big' Selmer groups associated to the corresponding nearly ordinary Hida deformation. The multivariable cyclotomic Iwasawa main conjecture for nearly ordinary Hida family of Hilbert modular forms is not established yet and this can be thought of as an evidence to the validity of this Iwasawa main conjecture. We also prove a functional equation for the `big' Selmer group associated to an ordinary Hida family of elliptic modular forms over the $\mathbb{Z}_{p}^{2}$ extension of an imaginary quadratic field.
The classical Diophantine problem of determining which integers can be written as a sum of two rational cubes has a long history; from the earlier works of Sylvester, Selmer, Satg{\'e}, …
The classical Diophantine problem of determining which integers can be written as a sum of two rational cubes has a long history; from the earlier works of Sylvester, Selmer, Satg{\'e}, {Lieman} etc. and up to the recent work of Alp{\"o}ge-Bhargava-Shnidman. In this note, we use integral binary cubic forms to study the rational cube sum problem. We prove (unconditionally) that for any positive integer $d$, infinitely many primes in each of the residue classes $ 1 \pmod {9d}$ as well as $ -1 \pmod {9d}$, are sums of two rational cubes. Among other results, we prove that every non-zero residue class $a \pmod {q}$, for any prime $q$, contains infinitely many primes which are sums of two rational cubes. Further, for an arbitrary integer $N$, we show there are infinitely many primes $p$ in each of the residue classes $ 8 \pmod 9$ and $1 \pmod 9$, such that $Np$ is a sum of two rational cubes.
We consider the family of elliptic curves $E_{a,b}:y^2=x^3+a(x-b)^2$ with $a,b \in \mathbb{Z}$. These elliptic curves have a rational $3$-isogeny, say $\varphi$. We give an upper and a lower bound on …
We consider the family of elliptic curves $E_{a,b}:y^2=x^3+a(x-b)^2$ with $a,b \in \mathbb{Z}$. These elliptic curves have a rational $3$-isogeny, say $\varphi$. We give an upper and a lower bound on the rank of the $\varphi$-Selmer group of $E_{a,b}$ over $K:=\mathbb{Q}(\zeta_3)$ in terms of the $3$-part of the ideal class group of certain quadratic extension of $K$. Using our bounds on the Selmer groups, we construct infinitely many curves in this family with arbitrary large $3$-Selmer rank over $K$ and no non-trivial $K$-rational point of order $3$. We also show that for a positive proportion of natural numbers $n$, the curve $E_{n,n}/\mathbb{Q}$ has root number $-1$ and $3$-Selmer rank $=1$.
We consider the family of elliptic curves $E_{a,b}:y^2=x^3+a(x-b)^2$ with $a,b \in \mathbb{Z}$. These elliptic curves have a rational $3$-isogeny, say $\varphi$. We give an upper and a lower bound on …
We consider the family of elliptic curves $E_{a,b}:y^2=x^3+a(x-b)^2$ with $a,b \in \mathbb{Z}$. These elliptic curves have a rational $3$-isogeny, say $\varphi$. We give an upper and a lower bound on the rank of the $\varphi$-Selmer group of $E_{a,b}$ over $K:=\mathbb{Q}(\zeta_3)$ in terms of the $3$-part of the ideal class group of certain quadratic extension of $K$. Using our bounds on the Selmer groups, we construct infinitely many curves in this family with arbitrary large $3$-Selmer rank over $K$ and no non-trivial $K$-rational point of order $3$. We also show that for a positive proportion of natural numbers $n$, the curve $E_{n,n}/\mathbb{Q}$ has root number $-1$ and $3$-Selmer rank $=1$.
The classical Diophantine problem of determining which integers can be written as a sum of two rational cubes has a long history; from the earlier works of Sylvester, Selmer, Satg{\'e}, …
The classical Diophantine problem of determining which integers can be written as a sum of two rational cubes has a long history; from the earlier works of Sylvester, Selmer, Satg{\'e}, {Lieman} etc. and up to the recent work of Alp{\"o}ge-Bhargava-Shnidman. In this note, we use integral binary cubic forms to study the rational cube sum problem. We prove (unconditionally) that for any positive integer $d$, infinitely many primes in each of the residue classes $ 1 \pmod {9d}$ as well as $ -1 \pmod {9d}$, are sums of two rational cubes. Among other results, we prove that every non-zero residue class $a \pmod {q}$, for any prime $q$, contains infinitely many primes which are sums of two rational cubes. Further, for an arbitrary integer $N$, we show there are infinitely many primes $p$ in each of the residue classes $ 8 \pmod 9$ and $1 \pmod 9$, such that $Np$ is a sum of two rational cubes.
The $p^\infty$-fine Selmer group of an elliptic curve $E$ over a number field $F$ is a subgroup of the classical $p^\infty$-Selmer group of $E$ over $F$. Fine Selmer group is …
The $p^\infty$-fine Selmer group of an elliptic curve $E$ over a number field $F$ is a subgroup of the classical $p^\infty$-Selmer group of $E$ over $F$. Fine Selmer group is closely related to the 1st and 2nd Iwasawa cohomology groups. Coates-Sujatha observed that the structure of the fine Selmer group of $E$ over a $p$-adic Lie extension of a number field is intricately related to some deep questions in classical Iwasawa theory; for example, Iwasawa's classical $\mu$-invariant vanishing conjecture. In this article, we study the properties of the $p^\infty$-fine Selmer group of an elliptic curve over certain $p$-adic Lie extensions of a number field. We also define and discuss $p^\infty$-fine Selmer group of an elliptic curve over function fields of characteristic $p$ and also of characteristic $\ell \neq p.$ We relate our study with a conjecture of Jannsen.
Given an elliptic curve $E$ over a number field $F$ and an isogeny $\varphi$ of $E$ defined over $F$, the study of the $\varphi$-Selmer group has a rich history going …
Given an elliptic curve $E$ over a number field $F$ and an isogeny $\varphi$ of $E$ defined over $F$, the study of the $\varphi$-Selmer group has a rich history going back to the works of Cassels and the recent works of Bhargava et al. and Chao Li. Let $E/\mathbb Q$ be an elliptic curve with a rational $3$-isogeny. In this article, we give an upper bound and a lower bound of the rank of the Selmer group of $E$ over $\mathbb Q(\zeta_3)$ induced by the $3$-isogeny in terms of the $3$-part of the ideal class group of certain quadratic extension of $\mathbb Q(\zeta_3)$. Using our bounds on the Selmer groups, we prove some cases of Sylvester's conjecture on the rational cube sum problem and also exhibit infinitely many elliptic curves of arbitrary large $3$-Selmer rank over $\mathbb Q(\zeta_3)$. Our method also produces infinitely many imaginary quadratic fields and biquadratic fields with non-trivial $3$-class groups.
Let $p$ be an odd prime, $ f$ be a $ p $-ordinary newform of weight $ k $ and $ h $ be a normalized cuspidal $ p $-ordinary …
Let $p$ be an odd prime, $ f$ be a $ p $-ordinary newform of weight $ k $ and $ h $ be a normalized cuspidal $ p $-ordinary Hecke eigenform of weight $ l < k$. In this article, we study the $p$-adic $ L $-function and $ p^{\infty} $-Selmer group of the Rankin-Selberg product of $f$ and $h$ under the assumption that $ p $ is an Eisenstein prime for $ h $ i.e. the residual Galois representation of $ h $ at $ p $ is reducible. We show that the $ p $-adic $ L $-function and the characteristic ideal of the $p^\infty$-Selmer group of the Rankin-Selberg product of $f, h$ generate the same ideal modulo $ p $ in the Iwasawa algebra i.e. the Rankin-Selberg Iwasawa main conjecture for $f \otimes h$ holds mod $p$. As an application to our results, we explicitly describe a few examples where the above congruence holds.
A classical twisting lemma says that given a finitely generated torsion module $M$ over the Iwasawa algebra $\mathbb{Z}_p[[\Gamma ]]$ with $\Gamma \cong \mathbb{Z}_p, \ \exists$ a continuous character $\theta: \Gamma …
A classical twisting lemma says that given a finitely generated torsion module $M$ over the Iwasawa algebra $\mathbb{Z}_p[[\Gamma ]]$ with $\Gamma \cong \mathbb{Z}_p, \ \exists$ a continuous character $\theta: \Gamma \rightarrow \mathbb{Z}_p^\times$ such that, the $ \Gamma^{n}$-Euler characteristic of the twist $M(\theta)$ is finite for every $n$. This twisting lemma has been generalized for the Iwasawa algebra of a general compact $p$-adic Lie group $G$. In this article, we consider a further generalization of the twisting lemma to $\mathcal{T}[[G]]$ modules, where $G$ is a compact $p$-adic Lie group and $\mathcal{T}$ is a finite extension of $\mathbb{Z}_p[[X]]$. Such modules naturally occur in Hida theory. We also indicate arithmetic application by considering the twisted Euler Characteristic of the big Selmer (respectively fine Selmer) group of a $\Lambda$-adic form over a $p$-adic Lie extension.
Let $K/F$ be a finite Galois extension of number fields and $\sigma$ be an absolutely irreducible, self-dual representation of $\mathrm{Gal}(K/F)$. Let $p$ be an odd prime and consider two elliptic …
Let $K/F$ be a finite Galois extension of number fields and $\sigma$ be an absolutely irreducible, self-dual representation of $\mathrm{Gal}(K/F)$. Let $p$ be an odd prime and consider two elliptic curves $E_1, E_2$ with good, ordinary reduction at primes above $p$ and equivalent mod-$p$ Galois representations. In this article, we study the variation of the parity of the multiplicities of $\sigma$ in the representation space associated to the $p^\infty$-Selmer group of $E_i$ over $K$. We also compare the root numbers for the twist of $E_i/F$ by $\sigma$ and show that the $p$-parity conjecture holds for the twist of $E_1/F$ by $\sigma$ if and only if it holds for the twist of $E_2/F$ by $\sigma$. We also express Mazur-Rubin-Nekov\'a\v{r}'s arithmetic local constants in terms of certain local Iwasawa invariants.
The study of $n$-Selmer group of elliptic curve over number field in recent past has led to the discovery of some deep results in the arithmetic of elliptic curves. Given …
The study of $n$-Selmer group of elliptic curve over number field in recent past has led to the discovery of some deep results in the arithmetic of elliptic curves. Given two elliptic curves $E_1$ and $E_2$ over a number field $K$, Mazur-Rubin\cite{mr} have defined them to be {\it $n$-Selmer companion} if for every quadratic twist $\chi$ of $K$, the $n$-Selmer groups of $E_1^\chi $ and $E_2^\chi$ over $K$ are isomorphic. Given a prime $p$, they have given sufficient conditions for two elliptic curves to be $p^r$-Selmer companion in terms of mod-$p^r$ congruences between the curves. We discuss an analogue of this for Bloch-Kato $p^r$-Selmer group of modular forms. We compare the Bloch-Kato Selmer groups of a modular form respectively with the Greenberg Selmer group when the modular form is $p$-ordinary and with the signed Selmer group of Lei-Loeffler-Zerbes when the modular form is non-ordinary at $p$. We also indicate the corresponding results over $\Q_\cyc$ and its relation with the well known congruence results of the special values of the corresponding $L$-functions due to Vatsal.
It is well known that given a finitely generated torsion module $M$ over the Iwasawa algebra $\mathbb Z_p[[\Gamma]]$, where $\Gamma \cong \mathbb Z_p$, there exists a continuous $p$-adic character $\rho$ …
It is well known that given a finitely generated torsion module $M$ over the Iwasawa algebra $\mathbb Z_p[[\Gamma]]$, where $\Gamma \cong \mathbb Z_p$, there exists a continuous $p$-adic character $\rho$ of $\Gamma$ such that, for the twist $M(\rho)$ of $M$, the $\Gamma_n := \Gamma^{p^n}$ Euler characteristic, i.e. $\chi(\Gamma_n, M(\rho))$, is finite for every $n$. We prove a generalization of this result by considering modules over the Iwasawa algebra of a general $p$-adic Lie group $G$, instead of $\Gamma$. We relate this twisted Euler characteristic to the evaluation of the {\it Akashi series} at the twist and in turn use it to indicate some application to the Iwasawa theory of elliptic curves. This article is a natural generalization of the result established in [JOZ].
We establish a duality result proving the `functional equation' of the characteristic ideal of the Selmer group associated to a nearly ordinary Hilbert modular form over the cyclotomic $\mathbb{Z}_{p}$ extension …
We establish a duality result proving the `functional equation' of the characteristic ideal of the Selmer group associated to a nearly ordinary Hilbert modular form over the cyclotomic $\mathbb{Z}_{p}$ extension of a totally real number field. Further, we use this result to establish a duality or algebraic `functional equation' for the `big' Selmer groups associated to the corresponding nearly ordinary Hida deformation. The multivariable cyclotomic Iwasawa main conjecture for nearly ordinary Hida family of Hilbert modular forms is not established yet and this can be thought of as an evidence to the validity of this Iwasawa main conjecture. We also prove a functional equation for the `big' Selmer group associated to an ordinary Hida family of elliptic modular forms over the $\mathbb{Z}_{p}^{2}$ extension of an imaginary quadratic field.
Here we summarize the results presented in the first author's lecture at the Millennial Conference on Number Theory. These results appear in [16] in full detail. In addition, we present …
Here we summarize the results presented in the first author's lecture at the Millennial Conference on Number Theory. These results appear in [16] in full detail. In addition, we present a new result regarding the growth of Tate-Shafarevich groups of certain elliptic curves over elementary abelian simple 2-extensions.
In this paper, we describe an algorithm that reduces the computation of the (full) <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="p"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>p</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">p</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula>-Selmer group of an elliptic …
In this paper, we describe an algorithm that reduces the computation of the (full) <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="p"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>p</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">p</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula>-Selmer group of an elliptic curve <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper E"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>E</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">E</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> over a number field to standard number field computations such as determining the (<inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="p"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>p</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">p</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula>-torsion of) the <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper S"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>S</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">S</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula>-class group and a basis of the <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper S"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>S</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">S</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula>-units modulo <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="p"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>p</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">p</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula>th powers for a suitable set <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper S"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>S</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">S</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> of primes. In particular, we give a result reducing this set <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper S"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>S</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">S</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> of ‘bad primes’ to a very small set, which in many cases only contains the primes above <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="p"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>p</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">p</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula>. As of today, this provides a feasible algorithm for performing a full <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="3"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">3</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula>-descent on an elliptic curve over <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="double-struck upper Q"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mi mathvariant="double-struck">Q</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">\mathbb Q</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula>, but the range of our algorithm will certainly be enlarged by future improvements in computational algebraic number theory. When the Galois module structure of <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper E left-bracket p right-bracket"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>E</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">[</mml:mo> <mml:mi>p</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">]</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">E[p]</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> is favorable, simplifications are possible and <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="p"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>p</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">p</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula>-descents for larger <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="p"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>p</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">p</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> are accessible even today. To demonstrate how the method works, several worked examples are included.
Let $t$ be a square free integer. We shall show that there exist infinitely many positive fundamental discriminants $D>0$ with a positive density such that the class numbers of quadratic …
Let $t$ be a square free integer. We shall show that there exist infinitely many positive fundamental discriminants $D>0$ with a positive density such that the class numbers of quadratic fields ${\mathbb Q}(\sqrt {D})$ and ${\mathbb Q}(\sqrt {tD})$ are both not divisible by 3.
Article Arithmetic on Curves of genus 1. VI. The Tate-Safarevic group can be arbitrarily large. was published on June 1, 1964 in the journal Journal für die reine und angewandte …
Article Arithmetic on Curves of genus 1. VI. The Tate-Safarevic group can be arbitrarily large. was published on June 1, 1964 in the journal Journal für die reine und angewandte Mathematik (volume 1964, issue 214-215).
Article Arithmetic on curves of genus 1. VIII. On conjectures of Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer. was published on January 1, 1965 in the journal Journal für die reine und angewandte Mathematik …
Article Arithmetic on curves of genus 1. VIII. On conjectures of Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer. was published on January 1, 1965 in the journal Journal für die reine und angewandte Mathematik (volume 1965, issue 217).
has a rational solution. An extensive compilation of the older history of the problem is given in Dickson [6]. Within the past century, researchers have tried to exploit (either explicitly …
has a rational solution. An extensive compilation of the older history of the problem is given in Dickson [6]. Within the past century, researchers have tried to exploit (either explicitly or unknowingly) the fact that the curve (0.1) is in fact an elliptic curve. During the nineteenth century, Lucas, and later Sylvester, used a descent argument to prove that (0.1) had no solution for infinitely many D in certain congruence classes mod 9 and 18 (see [6], Ch. XXI). Zagier and Kramarz [19] have produced a great deal of numerical evidence about the L-series of the curves; based on these computations, they have argued heuristically that for
The elliptic curve E k : y 2 = x 3 + k admits a natural 3-isogeny ϕ k : E k → E − 27 k . We compute …
The elliptic curve E k : y 2 = x 3 + k admits a natural 3-isogeny ϕ k : E k → E − 27 k . We compute the average size of the ϕ k -Selmer group as k varies over the integers. Unlike previous results of Bhargava and Shankar on n-Selmer groups of elliptic curves, we show that this average can be very sensitive to congruence conditions on k; this sensitivity can be precisely controlled by the Tamagawa numbers of E k and E − 27 k . As a consequence, we prove that the average rank of the curves E k , k ∈ Z , is less than 1.21 and over 23 % (respectively, 41 % ) of the curves in this family have rank 0 (respectively, 3-Selmer rank 1).
Let $A$ be an abelian variety over a number field $F$ and let $p$ be a prime. Cohen-Lenstra-Delaunay-style heuristics predict that the Tate-Shafarevich group of $A_s$ should contain an element …
Let $A$ be an abelian variety over a number field $F$ and let $p$ be a prime. Cohen-Lenstra-Delaunay-style heuristics predict that the Tate-Shafarevich group of $A_s$ should contain an element of order $p$ for a positive proportion of quadratic twists $A_s$ of $A$. We give a general method to prove instances of this conjecture by exploiting independent isogenies of $A$. For each prime $p$, there is a large class of elliptic curves for which our method shows that a positive proportion of quadratic twists have nontrivial $p$-torsion in their Tate-Shafarevich groups. In particular, when the modular curve $X_0(3p)$ has infinitely many $F$-rational points the method applies to ``most'' elliptic curves $E$ having a cyclic $3p$-isogeny. It also applies in certain cases when $X_0(3p)$ has only finitely many points. For example, we find an elliptic curve over $\mathbb{Q}$ for which a positive proportion of quadratic twists have an element of order $5$ in their Tate-Shafarevich groups. The method applies to abelian varieties of arbitrary dimension, at least in principle. As a proof of concept, we give, for each prime $p \equiv 1 \pmod 9$, examples of CM abelian threefolds with a positive proportion of quadratic twists having elements of order $p$ in their Tate-Shafarevich groups.
A nonzero rational number is called a {\it cube sum} if it is of the form $a^3+b^3$ with $a,b\in{\Bbb Q}^\times$. In this paper, we prove that for any odd integer …
A nonzero rational number is called a {\it cube sum} if it is of the form $a^3+b^3$ with $a,b\in{\Bbb Q}^\times$. In this paper, we prove that for any odd integer $k\geq 1$, there exist infinitely many cube-free odd integers $n$ with exactly $k$ distinct prime factors such that $2n$ is a cube sum (resp. not a cube sum). We present also a general construction of Heegner points and obtain an explicit Gross-Zagier formula which is used to prove the Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture for certain elliptic curves related to the cube sum problem.
Let $p\equiv 8\mod 9$ be a prime. In this paper we give a sufficient condition such that at least one of $p$ and $p^2$ is the sum of two rational …
Let $p\equiv 8\mod 9$ be a prime. In this paper we give a sufficient condition such that at least one of $p$ and $p^2$ is the sum of two rational cubes. This is the first general result on the $8$ case of the so-called Sylvester conjecture.
The paper formulates a precise relationship between the Tate-Shafarevich group X(E) of an elliptic curve E over Q with a quotient of the classgroup of Q(E[p]) on which Gal(Q(E[p]/Q) = …
The paper formulates a precise relationship between the Tate-Shafarevich group X(E) of an elliptic curve E over Q with a quotient of the classgroup of Q(E[p]) on which Gal(Q(E[p]/Q) = GL 2 (Z/p) operates by its standard 2 dimensional representation over Z/p.We establish such a relationship in most cases when E has good reduction at p.
We determine the irreducible trinomials [Formula: see text] for integers [Formula: see text] which generate precisely all possible Galois extensions of degree [Formula: see text] over [Formula: see text]. The …
We determine the irreducible trinomials [Formula: see text] for integers [Formula: see text] which generate precisely all possible Galois extensions of degree [Formula: see text] over [Formula: see text]. The proof, although involved, is elementary and one can parametrize all these polynomials explicitly. As an accidental by-product of the results, we prove that infinitely many primes congruent to [Formula: see text] or [Formula: see text] mod [Formula: see text] are sums of two rational cubes - thereby, giving the first unconditional result on a classical open problem.
We study elliptic curves of the form x^3+y^3=2p and x^3+y^3=2p^2 where p is any odd prime satisfying p\equiv 2 \mod 9 or p\equiv 5 \mod 9 . We first show …
We study elliptic curves of the form x^3+y^3=2p and x^3+y^3=2p^2 where p is any odd prime satisfying p\equiv 2 \mod 9 or p\equiv 5 \mod 9 . We first show that the 3 -part of the Birch-Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture holds for these curves. Then we relate their 2 -Selmer group to the 2 -rank of the ideal class group of \mathbb{Q}(\sqrt[3]{p}) to obtain some examples of elliptic curves with rank one and non-trivial 2 -part of the Tate-Shafarevich group.